Patent Ductus Arteriosus is a congenital heart defect characterized by failure of ductus arteriosus to close after birth. This allows blood to flow from higher pressure aorta to lower pressure pulmonary artery (left-to-right shunt). These cause for PDA is not known. There are several factors increasing the chances of PDA like family history, premature birth, genetic defects etc.
The synptoms of PDA may include continuous machinery like murmur, tachycardia, activity intolerance, failure to gain weight etc. PDA can be diagnosed by listening to characteristic murmur, echocardiography, chest x ray and ECG.
The treatment includes administration of indomethacin, echocardiography (non surgical treatment) and ligation of ductus arteriosus (surgical treatment). Nursing mangement focuses on monitoring vital signs, providing preoperative care, postoperative care and pain relief.
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