Genuinely super frustrating how the only thing people care about is my mispronunciation of Alzheimer's instead of the actual story. Yes I know my pronunciation is wrong, I'm sorry. It's how I've always said it and never got corrected in school or by friends so I never unlearnt it; I will ensure I never make that mistake again

"Science doesn't lie, but people do." I couldn't agree with that more.

This hits on a personal level. I lost a family member to this disease and have been donating towards its research for almost a decade.

Charlie truly has the most diverse content of anyone I've ever seen on KZfaq. -reacting to goofy videos with funny commentary -rating various media like movies, games, and shows -tier lists of the most off-the-wall products like flavored condoms -storytelling videos -breaking news on scandals in the scientific community -gameplay stream clips -dildo competitions

knowing that the paper is fabricated is so upsetting. my grandpa had alzheimer’s and it was difficult watching him struggle everyday until his passing. i hope there is a cure/treatment someday

“Science doesn’t lie but people do “- Charlie , love that quote

The fact he has to apologize for mispronunciation is a reflection of the world we live in rn

I've lost too many family members to this disease. I'm worried that my mom is already showing signs. This is absolutely mortifying.

The real scandal is Charlie calling it “All-timers” over and over again.

For anyone who doesn’t know science, This scandal is exactly why peer-reviewing other peoples research is so fucking vital.

Imagine being a researcher and after all these years you find out you were literally basing your work on fraudulent fake information... Must feel bad

Honestly, this kind of thing is shockingly common in science, where people will fabricate data and yes, it sometimes gets published if it's done convincingly enough. But usually, when the data is determined to be fake, the researcher responsible is forever discredited and they will probably never be published again. Happens all the time. What it sounds like happened here is that since the results couldn't be replicated, as they say, the results were probably tossed out, and the inaccuracy tossed up to faulty methods. A lot of those citings on the paper are probably from papers saying it's wrong. And if there was no reason to suspect deliberate fabrication, then there's no reason to completely discredit someone for one wrong paper. But now that there's more proof that this might have been based on fabricated data, this 100% needs to be taking seriously, less because of the paper itself, but because of the researcher, because what else has he faked? Anyone who has faked data needs to have all of their work immediately scrutinized. And yes, this should have been caught sooner, if possible because of any further work he's done that might also be false. That's the biggest issue in my mind.

As Charlie said, this title being "Biggest Scandal I've Ever Seen" is not a joke, this is genuinely one of the most awful things ever done. It regresssed so much progress in such an important discussion.

Alzheimer’s is such a terrifying thing. I hope somebody makes some breakthrough research soon. I’m so sorry to anybody who’s had to see a loved one go through it

Problem is this isn’t even very shocking as a Scientist myself. I remember when my Biological Engineering professor taught us about all sorts of studies that were entirely illegitimate. They do it to get news stations attention, politicians’s attention, and to get a subsidy/paycheck to fund their “important” research

It seriously makes me wonder how often this type of stuff happens. Financial manipulation is EVERYWHERE in science and by extension medicine.

Everyone jokes about the way he pronounces Alzheimer’s, but this scandal is genuinely an issue and steps should be taken to punish those who put forth these false claims.

charlie sounding serious for 90% of this video is absolutely startling, it's all fun and games until serious charles makes an appearance

Hey, I'm actually training in a similar area of science, so I thought I'd put my two cents forward for those interested (TRAINING, not an expert lol so take this with a grain of salt please I don't know everything). Obviously this is a huge scandal and it's really disappointing to see research being forged like this. Honest people in the research industry work our butts off (and it's a super competitive field) to try and present honest results to help advance the world's scientific understanding that could lead to therapies for these kinds of disorders. UNFORTUNATELY you get one or two bad eggs that think they're above the rules, or they're desperate for the funding (money from the government is so hard bc you have to compete against so many other potential projects, and to get the funding you have to show promising results) or they're being funded by a company that want specific results. Could be some of the reasons but I want to make it abundantly clear that NOBODY in ANY scientific discipline thinks this is acceptable. Because it's these bad eggs who get the funding that the hard workers miss out on. BUT BUT BUT imo this article is poaching on fear mongering and in doing so puts a lot of unseen strain on the science field AND PISSES ME OFF. I asked some people who do work on neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's for the following: FOR ANYONE WORRIED! No! 16 years of research has NOT been for waste! To even suggest this invalidates the countless honest hours of thousands of researchers who have discovered valid results!! THE PROTEIN THAT RESEARCH HAS BEEN BASED OFF FOR THE PAST 16 YEARS IS NOT THE SAME FORM AS THE ONE IN THE FAKE PAPER! The protein in question was ALREADY correlated to Alzheimer's disease (in the intro of the paper, they mention this!!) They're not pulling a protein out of their asses. That's not a thing that can happen in this field. The protein they worked on is a different form of the main one (soluble in water compared to insoluble) that has largely been ignored for a while! As Charlie mentioned, papers did try to replicate their results but couldn't. It's a common issue in science and one that is not taken lightly. As a result, people already suspected the paper had issues and haven't really used it (just bc a paper references this fake one does not mean their research is built on it solely. Most papers have hundreds of references. I had a look at a couple of the top papers citing this one, they use it to say stuff that's more generalised and usually in the introduction paragraphs. Also, papers are referenced when there are discrepancies [eg. "our paper couldn't replicate the results of the fake paper so we did not consider these/changed strategies] counts as a reference!). When a paper is faked, scientists in the field can usually pick up on it pretty quickly, and if they don't, they can't use those results for a conclusion in their papers anyway. Science never proves anything, it can only provide evidence for or against. It's the media that will sink their teeth into whatever they can for the most views and run around like a mad animal with it. That's how anti-vax blows out of proportion, people see the media focus on something stupid and go "oh, this is really important! It must be true!" (this applies for stuff from articles like this to ads for diet supplements). Unfortunately, a lot of people don't have access to original papers, and can only access info through these media sources (and this is where the access to science argument comes in but that's another can of worms) and that's how people are convinced that scientists have no idea what they've been doing for 16 years when obviously that's a lie. So, above all, if something like this comes up and you want to pass an honest judgement on how it's actually impacted research. Read the paper. Read papers citing it. Ask people who know more. And have faith in your own critical thinking skills! Don't rely on one random article that claims that almost two decades of research has been a waste. Don't read an article and believe it blindly. AGAIN: not condoning fraudulent results or the actions of the original authors!! (I'm glad they're getting their merit stripped, they deserve it). Fraudulent results are an insult AND so are these kinds of articles. TL:DR - Yeah, the paper is a major scam but so is the article. The authors of the paper should be ashamed, nobody in science condones their actions and what they've done can potentially damage the field bc it makes people lose faith in us and stops us form progressing and getting funding for real research. BUT the authors of the article are your classic doom scroller predators and if you're genuinely concerned about the direction of Alzheimer's disease, please don't be. Like Charlie said, science doesn't lie, but people do. But, vice versa, people can lie, but science never does!

I lost my Grandmother to Alzheimer’s, most heartbreaking thing I’ve gone through. I don’t have words for how devastating this is to me if it’s true. I don’t want anyone else to go through what my grandmother went through, and the pain my family and I went through watching her fade away. I hope this falsified report did not cause any far-reaching damage, and if it did, that we can course correct quickly.

This is genuinely sad. My grandmother died with Alzheimer's, so she couldn't remember anything. I remember the time that i spent rereading the same books to her as if she was a mentally disabled child. Safe to say it was disheartening. The fact that all of this research, even from before she even got Alzheimer's, was from a fake study. In these 16 years, who knows what cures or preventatives could have been made. Thx for the story.

this is super worrying to me because my grandmother passed with alzheimer's and it's genuinely one of the most helpless experiences of my life. the disease runs in my family and to know that research has been going in the wrong direction for so long is really just horrid.

I can’t believe I haven’t heard about this anywhere else. Thank you for discussing this in a video and making the information accessible to viewers- more people should be talking about this for sure.

My great aunt, who was like a second mother to me when I was a child, is currently battling the final stages of Alzheimers. When visiting my great uncle once sat me down and told me all about this paper and how he has been doing a bunch of research about it, etc. I already knew this paper was a sham, but I was in the medical field at one point, and to people who dont know a lot or understand much about the medical field, etc. They dont know better. People trust scientists to always tell them the truth, it is always damaging if a paper like this turns out to be unethical.

My mother has Alzheimer's. I cannot truly describe to you how horrifying and painful this disease is. It slowly strips you of everything. Your independence, your memory, your thoughts. You slowly become a child again and then a baby and then your body can't perform basic functions and you die slowly and painfully. I don't care if this paper didn't slow down progress in the long run. If there's proof they falsified this paper then they should have their degrees and doctorates completely revoked and that should become the norm for anyone who falsifies any research. We need to make an example of these greedy pricks.

I'm a molecular biologist and it is really nice to see how social media personalities like you discuss about these subjects. Just wanted to say it out loud :)

I'm SO glad that you're talking about this! I was shocked when I heard this news and then shocked again when I didn't see anyone talking about it. I hope you post an update when there's more information.

That’s honestly frustrating! I learned about that falsified study in my cell biology class. At the time, it seemed legit!

As a melanoma survivor, I just want to suggest you get the mole on your bicep checked. The borders are abnormal and it doesn’t hurt to get it looked at. I had a tiny mole that started looking less circular and it turned out I had metastatic melanoma and had to do six months of immunotherapy and have four lymph nodes removed. Melanoma, once it spreads, is one of the most deadly cancers. Just get it looked at. Xoxo

“The last 16 years of research has been based on a deliberate lie.” That makes me wanna cry. Alzheimers is going to be the biggest battle future generations have to deal with disease wise and some fucker spat on the situation.

That points at the ultimate truth. The powers that be aren't trying to heal people. But, they make plenty of money pretending to.

In general, the research field has a big issue when it comes publications and funding. Everyone wants to get published and get more funding. So researchers try to find something ground breaking. However, most of the time when you do real research, you find something to be inconclusive or reconfirm something that’s already known. Neither of the two make money or are glamorous enough to get published, but are very important to the research process. Had more money and attention went to replicating studies the initial findings concerning that protein would have been disproven and a lot of time saved. More funding should be put towards testing and re-evaluating older studies findings rather than pressuring researchers to do something ground breaking. Mundane research is important to insure safety, practicality, and that data isn’t being manipulated.

My dad has Alzheimer’s and watching him forget me and my mom and the rest of my family has been hard. And now knowing that all the drugs he’s taken that didn’t work are possibly due to this damn paper is just infuriating. I hope this fraudulent scientist loses his career and license and whatever else he values.

Wasn’t expecting a science oriented scandal, but good shit

“All Timers” 😂😂😂

4:26 critikal is hitting a real important point here. There was a similar situation of artifact forgeries in middle eastern archaeology that was decades long and done by one guy. His papers were always treated with grains of salt, but it doesn't change the fact that his forgeries were a massive issue. Fake or bad science should be called out regardless of the impact within the ivory tower of the field.

The guy that made the paper should be actually publicly prosecuted and held accountable for this because the fact they've been using this paper for many years makes me so angry

This is actually a huge problem in science in general, I’m working in the field right now. If you want to submit a paper to one of the ‘big’ journals you have to send in something that doesn’t go over the peer reviewers’ head, but also something good enough to seem worthwhile to publish. Lots of the time papers with falsified evidence are submitted and accepted as the scientists working on it are ‘trustworthy’ and the work is understandable to the peer reviewers, while a person who may actually have something entirely groundbreaking is turned away due to the lack of effort/ignorance on the peer reviewers part

As someone studying science and specifically medicine, with two family members suffering with Alzheimer's, one of them almost gone and the other still developing symptoms, and knowing it is genetic this just makes me furious. Thanks Charlie for bringing up this issue, not only this, but autism and other cases, one of the reasons why you are one of the people I really enjoy watching.

4:43 u hit the nail on the head Charlie. That's one of the biggest problems with the current peer review/publishing system. Replication studies are not punlished nearly as often because they are not as hyped. Veritasium has a great video that addresses this.

glad to see charlie flex his degree and talk about something more than twitter drama, very nice to see

My grandmother passed recently with Alzheimer’s and it just hits harder how all this research that could of helped save people was wasted.

my papa has alzheimer’s and it’s absolutely devastating and has caused family issues due to the disease he has. he is now on the final stages which is the worst as he forgets pretty much everything and forgets the most simplest things. it’s horrible to see ‘doctors’ put out false statements about curing alzheimer’s when in reality it’s an extremely difficult thing to ‘cure’ as it’s to do with the brain and can start to develop before the person even finds out. anyway my point is the impact of dementia especially alzheimer’s is devastating so putting out papers that are most likely false can convince already vulnerable people think it’ll be solved and when it isn’t they get annoyed and upset at science and the scientists who specialise in this subject, which isn’t their fault and not the convinced persons fault. therefore ‘scientists’ putting out fake papers can seriously hurt a family going through something so horrible. (if anyone wants to correct me please do! as im not extremely educated on this subject im only saying what i’ve been told by care takers etc)

Honestly, I like that this video steers away from the usual gaming and KZfaqr/tiktok scandals. Feel free to do more videos in that kind any day

as someone who’s lost family members to Alzheimer’s… this is so upsetting. all these years we could’ve been working towards treatment or even a cure and just… wow

Charlie's pronunciation aside, if a paper's results are not replicate-able then it should be retracted. The fact it it has been cited so many times MEANS that people have read and followed this paper's results while conducting their own. That's why retraction of sussy papers is so important. Andrew Wakefield's paper was "forcibly" retracted as soon as evidence came out that the results were fabricated but you see the damage it has caused. Equating those two situations might be a hyperbole but it says something about people deliberately doing bad science and the long-term effects it can have.

Thank you for bringing this to light. I have spent the last 11 years working in disability and aged care. The amount of incorrect information out there is ridiculous. It's not just scientists. It's doctor and specialists too. I strongly believe that unless you are working at the floor level with the people that have to live with this diagnosis on a daily basis, then you could write a great fairytale but don't tell me that seeing someone for an hour consult every other month gives you the right to put misinformation out there for the masses. Sorry I didn't mean to get all crazy but this is something I see everyday and triggers the shit out of me. 🥺💜

This happens constantly with the field of science. It is crazy how wrong they get thing and how a lot of people know it but are afraid to say something because it will damage their reputations.

I’m a current biology student in college and a HUGE thing I’ve learned as a researcher and student is that because in order to get decent funding it benefits people to just do everything they can to put out papers and “results” as much as they can

It’s heartbreaking to see that so soon after Wakefield’s scandal subsided, someone tried and actually succeeded for a much longer time to do what he did.

My grandfather died in 2012 to Alzheimer's. I never heard his voice, he had already lost the ability to speak in more than small grunts by the time I was born. He had trouble moving and just communicating in general. This is absolutely heartbreaking, especially because the release of that paper gave us hope that other people and their families wouldn't have to go through the same pain. Everyone who worked on it deserves to be blacklisted from the field and lose their licenses. Thank you for discussing this topic and bringing attention to this.

Glad you are helping to bring this to people's attention. 16 years is to long to go down the wrong path for a disease this horrible.

Honesty, because of the potential repercussions, this sort of thing should have VERY severe legal consequences

As someone who lost his mother to Alzheimer’s 4 years ago, I wanna do horrible things to that man.

As a scientist, thank you for covering this in your corner of the web. The academic publishing industry needs to change - badly. It's the best we've got, but we can do better.

I thought I was having a stroke hearing alltimers, had me doubting my English

This is genuinely so frustrating. My grandmother passed away from this disease when I was 11, and knowing she could have had a chance of living had this not happened makes me too angry to put into words. To watch the kindest person you know shrink into a shell of themselves, a completely different husk- a base of a human with no mold, is one of the worst pains a person can go through. To forget your family, to forget your lover, to forget your life, to forget how to eat, to forget how to breathe, and the research ‘helping your cause’ basically just letting you die on the table. Unbelievable.

It's heartbreaking seeing all the comments from people who have lost family to Alzheimer's. It's a hard thing to go through for everyone involved

This kind of thing happens more frequently than one would expect. Its just too hard for every single experiment to be tested multiple times by different people in order to prove it wasnt forged. Sometimes the little miniscule detail that makes all the difference is forged, which makes it all the more hard to prove whether its real or not... We have to trust the good will of people which sometimes isnt that good willed.

The process of publishing scientific research is so backwards. Why withhold important information with a paywall?? Reasons like this influence researchers to search for sexy findings. So I’m not surprised older papers are now slowly becoming discredited. We need more open science!!

As someone who is studying science, this is something scientists are broadly aware of. The 'ripple effect' from fraudulent and/or manipulated data can often be silent and sap at funding and effort that could have been better used elsewhere. Unfortunately, as you said, many scientists have a bias towards generating impactful (statistically significant) results. Landmark studies in emerging fields can mean grants and funding and recognition and more, after all, and this means manipulation of data can seem appealing to some less scrupulous academics. This is why the peer-review and editing process of published articles is so highly scrutinized in science -- without it, we would have thousands of papers like this.

I’m glad Charlie has spread awareness of this serious issue. The deception of scientific research is not new and has created serious consequences like what happened in Theranos.

This article being published unsubstantiated is the 16 yr old version of clickbait

Also as a footnote, the same thing happened with "Cold Fusion". Two scientists Pons and Fleischman botched their findings when they observed what appeared to be "room temperature fusion" much to the dismay of the scientific community, and both scientists lost their credibility.

As someone who works in assisted living and sees Alzheimer's everyday, this new development is absolutely devastating.

i worked at a home for people with alzheimer's for a year and this is heartbreaking. the way it turns intelligent amazing people into shells of their former selves who can barely eat or speak or understand why they're not at home is one of the worst things imaginable. to knowingly fake results and prolong finding a cure for it just for prestige & money is beyond fucked up. and the thing you said about prices is true, it cost $10-20k per month to live at the place i worked. people who can afford it will do whatever they can for their parents/siblings with alzheimer's and those are the people being hurt the most by this fraud

The problem is that replication studies rarely get funding because novelty is emphasized so heavily in research. Very little support is provided to replication once a "reliable" study is published. In addition, it's not necessarily difficult to get falsified or incomplete data through the peer review process. Reviewers are hard to come by, strapped for time, and working for free out of a love for the field. If it sounds reasonable and doesn't have glaring errors, it may get passed through. I've personally found papers that had accidental erroneous data reported due to calculation issues or incorrect decimals, that weren't caught for years even after the paper was published. However, I think the citation level of a paper is a very rough measurement of impact. There are papers which are consider incredibly controversial and heavily rejected by the larger field that are highly cited for that very reason. Essentially, people start citing the paper to take pot shots, "Bob et al. (2001) found xyz, but everyone else found the opposite and our results align with the latter." Basically, it becomes the punching bag of the field. I'm not sure if all this is true for medical/neuroscience but it's true in my field, at least. :)

Also there’s a KZfaq channel that got like 5 peer reviewed papers published when they were SPECIFICALLY AND INTENTIONALLY bullshitting their info to show how flawed the process is

I've been an EMT for over a decade. Ive seen thousands of patients with Alzheimers. I've run the same patients dozens, if not hundreds of times. I got to know them and care about them. I'd talk to their families and their spouses. I'd gradually see their decline, and on more than one occasion I was there for their final moments. These people deserve our best help, our strongest advocacy, and our most heartfelt compassion but so often then get overlooked and pushed aside. I wish I could say this surprises me, but honestly? This is par for the course in how we treat people with chronic conditions, especially those originating in the brain and mind. Medical now isnt about helping people, its about profits and it makes me sick to my stomach.

16 years of research based on a lie, that’s some dr. evil stuff right there

Thank you for talking about this. I'm so desperate for a cure for this disease but you bringing it up like it this, bringing awareness and also acknowledging how scary it is. I appreciate you.

Bro I remember telling an emotional story in University and getting laughed at by an entire class while was getting choked up because of my pronunciation of Alzheimer’s. Could have been a quick 10 second correction, instead I was laughed at my whole presentation. Felt great 😢😢

I get a C- on a paper because I didn’t paraphrase enough , but this man deliberately falsified information and it was fine for 16 years. I’d rather follow the source more than make up random bullshit and pass it as fact.

this is just insane... as an aspiring neuroscientist, i have never heard anything that could make your heart sink all the way to your stomach so much as this. i studied this in my first year neuro class and the beta-amyloid research was by far the most talked about topic in class. it stuck with me for a very long time as well... imagine how many other areas of research could have been elevated and funded with well-needed money and efficient resources. i'm literally sick.

I lost my great uncle to Dementia back in 2001, it was my first experience to death since he lived with us and it really fucks you up to see such a strong person wither away like that.

As a person in STEM I can tell you that if proven that these results are plagiarized/fabricated then that scientists career is over and could even face lawsuits based on his research.

The way Charlie can make me care about the dumbest things on the internet, while simultaneously being able to talk about super serious topics that really do matter

My grandmother had Alzheimer's ... she raised me and was the only reason I wasn't a latchkey kid, and we (my parents and I) took care of her in our home for as long as we could until she needed 24/7 care and was placed in hospice. I'll never forget those years; I still think about it pretty often, years later. This disease is horrible and one of the worst things you can go through. My heart feels like it's sinking the more I listen to this video. Thank you Charles for bringing awareness to this; I really hope we find a cure one day.

That's how I say it. Now I guess I have to look up the pronunciation. Yeah, like you stated, billions of dollars are spent regarding research, but when a scientist deliberately falsies information it's a big setback.

Thank you for talking about this. The whole realm of neurological health is much more unknown than I think people are lead to believe.. and the fact that such an influential paper could have been fabricated is harrowing.

My 2 cents as an Alzheimer's researcher: It's terrible that this was able to happen and highlights the importance of proper peer reviewing and scrutinous checks on the financial ties of researchers. However, I feel a common sentiment among people is that this has set Alzheimer's research back 16 years and I just want to highlight that this is simply not true. Like charlie pointed out in the video, Amyloid-beta is still one of the key focuses in Alzheimer's research, as backed up by many papers before and since this one, and our understanding of other factors contributing to the disease has improved greatly over the past 16 years.

My Grandpa struggled with Alzheimer's in his late age. It brought him to forgetting basic human functions, forgetting who anyone was and my dad eventually couldn't handle looking after him anymore and put him in aged care. He didn't last much longer and eventually passed away, and the sight of his face showed he wasn't ready yet and it hurt to not get to spend more time with him. The fact there's so much wasted research, I have no words

My grandma died two weeks ago from Alzheimer’s. She suffered for 2 very long years. That was not life. The person who did this is a massive sadist, and I would adventure to call him a deliberate genocider. Alzheimer’s is an awful disease and anyone who’s seeing it in their loved ones, would agree that this is unforgivable.

Terrifying, imagine how many people have prematurely lost family members because of a lie

The fact a fraudulent paper was cited that heavily despite no one replicating the results kinda scares me when you consider this could be happening in psychology right now. You can't blame the patient in straight medical chemistry research. In psych research, you often can and the scientific community there often just accepts it or let's it slide.

Thanks Charlie for bringing attention to this horrible disease. Honestly so upsetting that it was all a scam.

What's annoying is that, for the types of people who do the bulk of the study-replicating workload (mainly grad students or recent graduates) instead of pioneering their own research and such, _not_ being able to replicate the results is often evidence of, or at least perceived as, sucking at your job. So right off the bat, there's pressure on all sides not to rock the boat. Unfortunately, when a new "groundbreaking discovery" in a growing field is made, there's so much risk involved in getting behind in capitalizing on it that it's all too easy for a bogus study to slip through the cracks. It's the exact same effect that makes SWATing work. No 9-1-1 dispatcher is going to sit there and look up a caller's personal history to see if they're a possible troll attacking some innocent person they're gaming against. SWAT will get sent out immediately every time, because time is of the essence. What's worse about medical research fraud is that the real goal is money, using the disease's victims as collateral/hostages to fuel a righteous fervor in grants and donations and influence (it costs money for future researchers to access the articles you cite, after all). I'm 100% convinced that the cancer research pipeline is utterly rife with this sort of fraud. No one has time to vet everything, and everyone knows it. It's why the billion-dolar pharmaceutical companies invest in research to "cure" the diseases they treat, not _prevent_ them.

Really love this type of content Charlie, thanks for showing this side of your passion!

"It throws into question the actual Peer review process here" As a scientist, let me touch on this subject because it's something I've been passionate about for the last 8 years and something that has long been in question by actual scientists. Peer review these days is pretty much just a word for the layman to latch onto and large organisations to use as a way of conveying information they want to get to the public. The concept of peer review literally means reviewed by a peer, nothing more nothing less. So here's some of the issues: 1) Incompetent reviewers - Reviewers who don't spend enough time on the manuscript - Reviewers are not chosen because of their expertise in the methodologies used - Reviewers are all within the same field and have been taught the same way and so have no chance of seeing things from another perspective (See early Goodall work) - Reviewers can be requested, i.e. I could request someone I know that will go easy on my manuscript. - Reviewers who are simply incompetent and do not understand the manuscript, like those who have become hyper obsessed on the notion of a p-value (Another buzzword the mainstream latched onto) when in reality it can only be used in the context of the entire paper. 2) Corrupt reviewers - Bias (In either direction): Your reviewer could be a competitor of your product (Bias against) or potentially someone who is extremely loyal to the principle investigator (Bias for). - A field which is dominated by a research cartel which filters out papers that go against a consensus 3) A barrier to actual science As a result of latching onto some key words from science we're now doing really bad science because we're all hyper focused on producing results that please the mainstream media, on results that turn positive p-values, and are peer-reviewed and published in "credible" journals like Nature (Nature is corrupt fyi and filled with people who failed at doing actual science) instead of focusing on really good science. This is why we saw studies" showing cigarettes are fine to smoke, alcohol is great to consume, this toxic chemical is fine to spray all over your body, and so on and so on. 4) Over reliance on peer review and appeal to authority Think about science of the past, for those who say non-peer reviewed science is trash you better throw out the origin of the species because not only was that not peer reviewed (It was basically a pre-print by todays standards) but it wasn't even written by someone with a PhD. Most of science was done before the adoption of any formalised peer review by people with no formal training. This idea that because a paper is peer-reviewed it must be good is one that is extremely easily falsifiable and this idea that only people with degrees can do science or know what they're talking about is anti-science. So stop with the parroting of the talking points you heard on reddit like BuT iS iT a DoUbLe BlInDeD PeEr ReViEwEd StUdY and start to understand what science actually is. Yes, when peer review is done WELL it can be really useful, but the idea that it filters for the best science (Whatever that means) is not true. So when people go Is It PeEr ReViEwEd? They have no idea what they're talking about and you can probably ignore them. Anyone can do science, ANYONE. And it doesn't need to be peer reviewed to be good science.

This is horrifying. They've been following this data for almost two decades and it's now coming out that the information was not only falsified but also possibly deliberately done so. How much damage could have or has been done in all those years?

Every paper that cites this paper now comes into question.

One of dear friends went through seeing both her parents deteriorate due to Alzhiemers disease. It's devastating to see the slow change of people from vital and bright people to not recognizing their own family or care for themselves.

I love how Charlie can talk about anything. And I'm glad he brought this up

I lost my grandmother due to Alzheimer’s and the disease is honestly one of the most horrifying and tragic things that a person could go through or deal with. Thank you for spreading awareness 🙏🙏

What makes it scarier is wondering what else is falsified.

Dishonesty or straight up false data is more common in research than you think.

My dad has early onset dementia so this definitely pissed me off when I first heard about it.

The thing that bothers me is the lack of repercussions for these people. Like to me that kind of scandal is an especially egregious form of malpractice that quite literally effects the lives of thousands that are suffering the erasure of their lives as they live and breathe. think about it, YOU ARE LITERALLY DISAPPEARING WHILE YOU CONTINUE LIVING. An absolutely horrid nightmare that no description could ever properly portray such a horrible way to go and these fucking researchers just walk. “Inconsequential” they’ve said huh? Their fucking job is inconsequential and they should lose everything.

As researchers, we have access to databases that show who cites what papers, the amount of people to cite a paper, the types of papers to cite another paper. It would be interesting to go through a handful of articles that cite the false paper and see *how* they are citing it. If many people are basing their entire papers on the original one, is it really a hyperbole to say that it has massive consequences?

Veritasium has a great video about the inaccuracy of research and peer reviewed studies