Peptic ulcer disease pharmacology and nursing care NCLEX lecture review. Peptic ulcer disease is the formation of ulcers in the lining of the upper GI tract that affects mainly the mucosal lining of the stomach, duodenum or esophagus. There are various types of peptic ulcers such as gastric ulcers which are located in the stomach and duodenal ulcers which are located in the duodenum.
Peptic ulcer disease is treated with various medications such as proton-pump inhibitors, histamine receptor blockers, antacids, antibiotics, muscosal healing agents, and bismuth subsalicylates. Treatment of ulcers due to h. pylori infection includes a various drug regime of antibiotics, PPIs, H2 blockers, and bismuth subsaliylates per physician order.
Peptic ulcer disease nursing care involves assessing, monitoring, educating, and administering medications to the patient per physician's order. The nurse will want to assess and monitor the patient for any signs and symptoms of complications from a peptic ulcer, such as gastrointestinal bleeding. GI bleeding could present as vomiting "coffee ground" emesis or bright blood or dark, tarry stools along with increased heart, low blood pressure, abdominal mass or tenderness.
The patient should be monitored and educated on dumping syndrome if a gastric resection is performed to cure the ulcer. In addition, the patient should follow a soft, bland until the ulcer is healed. It is also important the patient avoids alcohol usage, smoking, or consuming caffeine products because these products can irritate the ulcer.
Signs and symptoms of PUD include main indigestion and epigastric pain that can be felt from the breastbone to the belly button. It is typically described as a gnawing, aching, or dull pain.
Complications of peptic ulcer disease include: gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation which can lead to peritonitis, and obstruction of the pylorus which is a muscular section that connects the stomach and duodenum together and allows food to flow between these parts of the GI tract.
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