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Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used for treating viral infections. Most antivirals target specific viruses, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses. Unlike most antibiotics, antiviral drugs do not destroy their target pathogen; instead they inhibit their development. This pharmacology lecture discusses the replication cycle of selected viruses such as influenza, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), hepatitis B & C, herpes virus, as well as mechanism of action of drugs used in treatment of infections caused by these pathogens. Drugs mentioned include: Anti-influenza agents: M2 ion channel inhibitors - Amantadine, Rimantadine; Endonuclease inhibitor - Baloxavir; Neuraminidase inhibitors - Oseltamivir, Peramivir, Zanamivir; Anti-HIV agents: Entry inhibitors - Enfuvirtide, Maraviroc, Ibalizumab; Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) - Abacavir, Emtricitabine, Lamivudine, Tenofovir, Zidovudine; Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) - Doravirine, Efavirenz, Etravirine, Nevirapine, Rilpivirine; Integrase inhibitors - Dolutegravir, Raltegravir; Protease inhibitors - Atazanavir, Darunavir, Fosamprenavir, Ritonavir, Saquinavir, Tipranavir; Anti-hepatitis B agents: Nucleoside/Nucleotide analogues - Entecavir, Lamivudine, Adefovir, Telbivudine, Tenofovir; Anti-hepatitis C agents: NS3/4A protease inhibitors - Boceprevir, Glecaprevir, Grazoprevir, Paritaprevir, Simeprevir, Telaprevir, Voxilaprevir; NS5A inhibitors - Daclatasvir, Elbasvir, Ledipasvir, Ombitasvir, Pibrentasvir, Velpatasvir; NS5B polymerase inhibitors - Dasabuvir, Sofosbuvir; PEGylated interferons α-2a and α-2b, Ribavirin; Anti-herpes agents: Acyclovir, Ganciclovir, Penciclovir, Valacyclovir, Valganciclovir, Famciclovir.
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References/source of selected illustrations:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00436
00:00 Intro
00:34 Anti-influenza drugs
03:41 Anti-HIV drugs
08:21 Anti-hepatitis B drugs
10:34 Anti-hepatitis C drugs
13:25 Anti-herpes drugs