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Physiology of Gastrointestinal motility : USMLE Step 1
Gastrointestinal motility refers to the movement of food and other substances through the digestive tract. It is a complex process involving the coordinated contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscles in the walls of the digestive organs.
The process of gastrointestinal motility begins with the swallowing of food and the movement of the food down the esophagus and into the stomach. The stomach then churns and mixes the food with gastric juices, breaking it down into smaller particles.
The food then moves into the small intestine, where it is further broken down and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The movement of food through the small intestine is facilitated by the coordinated contractions of the smooth muscles in the intestinal wall, which move the food along.
The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from the remaining food material and forming feces. The movement of feces through the large intestine is facilitated by contractions of the smooth muscles in the intestinal wall.
The process of gastrointestinal motility is regulated by a complex system of nerves, hormones, and other factors. Disorders of gastrointestinal motility can lead to a range of digestive problems, including constipation, diarrhea, and irritable bowel syndrome.
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