Phase 1: Foundation
Programming Skills
Languages: C, C++, Python, Assembly (x86/x64)
Concepts: Pointers, memory management, data structures, algorithms
Operating System Internals
Windows: Windows Internals, WinAPI
Linux: Linux kernel, system calls, ELF format
Computer Networks
Networking Basics: TCP/IP, UDP, common protocols (HTTP, DNS, etc.)
Security: Network security concepts, packet analysis with tools like Wireshark
Cybersecurity Basics
Concepts: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Practices: Threat modeling, security best practices
Phase 2: Intermediate Skills
Reverse Engineering
Tools: IDA Pro, Ghidra, Radare2, Binary Ninja
Techniques: Static and dynamic analysis, code decompilation, and understanding obfuscation
Vulnerability Research
Types of Vulnerabilities: Buffer overflows, Heap Overflow, SEH Based Overflow, Stack Overflow
Techniques: Fuzzing (AFL, libFuzzer), source code auditing
Exploit Development
Buffer Overflows: Stack-based, heap-based
ROP (Return Oriented Programming)
Shellcoding: Writing and deploying shellcode
Phase 3: Advanced Skills
Advanced Exploitation Techniques
Bypassing Protections: ASLR, DEP, Stack Canaries, Control Flow Guard (CFG)
Kernel Exploits: Kernel debugging, exploiting kernel vulnerabilities
Browser Exploits: Understanding browser internals, JavaScript engines, sandboxing
Advanced Reverse Engineering
Anti-Reversing Techniques: Detecting and bypassing anti-debugging, unpacking obfuscated binaries
Malware Analysis: Analyzing malware behavior, using sandbox environments
Red Teaming
Tools: Metasploit, Cobalt Strike, Empire
Techniques: Lateral movement, privilege escalation, persistence
Phase 4: Specialization
Continuous Learning and Practice
Capture The Flag (CTF) Competitions
Platforms: Hack The Box, CTFtime, OverTheWire
Conferences and Workshops
Events: DEFCON, Black Hat, BSides, ShmooCon
Workshops: Hands-on training sessions
Community Involvement
Forums and Blogs: Engage in communities like Reddit’s /r/NetSec, Stack Exchange, and follow security researchers’ blogs
Open Source Contributions: Participate in open source security projects
Certifications
Certifications: Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP), Offensive Security Exploitation Expert (OSEE), GIAC Exploit Researcher and Advanced Penetration Tester (GXPN)
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