Thank you for putting this together. I have been considering these questions and proposing similar concepts to friends and online communities for a couple of years now. This is the first time I have seen someone else put Kant together with Donald Hoffman and Nima Arkani Hamed. I would add Carl Jung and Erich Neumann to your list since the The Origins and History of Consciousness traces the development of human consciousness through western mythology beginning the Uroboros which is found on many continents and picking up the development of Ego/Consciousness in Egypt and Phonecia. The book outlines how the development of the Ego entailed the cutting off from pure awareness which is represented by the Great Mother and the uroboros. This was mainly done by culture which rose out of the guilt of cutting ourselves off from the Great Mother and the fear of annihilation that she represented. To me this is much more than just mythology however since the discovery of the amplituhedron. This object suggests that there is a fundamental reality from which spacetime is derived and that we exist in that fundamental reality but engage in spacetime because it benefits us as Donald Hoffman says. This is no longer philosophy as separate from science but a truer grander view of science that accepts that we know very little which opens the door to real scientific discovery.