If you enjoyed this video make sure to share it with someone tempted by the allure of nice looking buses! Also, I hope your city doesn’t get snow. New York doesn’t get snow right?

You mean buses? I swear I thought you were talking about buses.

"Permanent" railway also works as a massive signal for the economy that the city is investing heavily in the transportation system along the route. Having a system that is easily removed from the suggested route means that whoever wants to invest in the area along the route will have to bear the additional risk that the city might change its mind and make the "reachability" of that area worse. This will lead to a lower willingness to invest in the first place.

So, a guided bus with painted “tracks” will work super great in New York and the rest of the north….except for when it snows and you can no longer “see” the guides…. Yup, great plan.

I appreciate the attention given to NYC buses as an NYC bus rider. Traffic signal priority was pitched when they installed Select Bus Service and I have not seen it in action anywhere. The bus network redesigns have been moving at a glacial pace after being suspended during the pandemic and I hope they can get them all done by mid-decade. My borough's bus routes have changed little overall since the 70s and really need an update.

The Mayor of Brisbane Australia, Adrian Schrinner, hates it when people call his metro (with no rails, rubber wheels, and a driver with a steering wheel) a bus. But c'mon Adrian. We all know it's a bus.

One of the residential communities in my town (in the UK) opposes construction of a new connecting rail line nearby partly on the grounds that they believe "trackless trams and automated vehicles are on the horizon", despite the road link - and by extension bus route - to nearby cities often being riddled with traffic. As you mentioned it definitely feels like an extension of the much wider problem of 'new' or 'innovative' technology being promoted to solve problems (often by a single company or billionaire) over existing and far more practical solutions.

I'm glad you've made this, I saw the CNBC vid a few days ago and found it infuriating - especially considering they've otherwise recently made some pretty decent videos on other urbanist related issues.

I live in Liverpool, UK. They keep trying to push 'trackless tram' 'technology' (a bus) onto us, even though the people have been asking for a proper tram network, for decades. And then the council turn around and act like they are listening to us. It's disgusting.

Small correction, in the case of hyperloop, it should be extensively used in dreams, Powerpoints and spectacular CGI shots

To all of that I would add that heavy vehicles on rubber tires put a lot of stress on the asphalt and are usually responsible of most bumps. Using steel tracks means that you can put a quite heavy vehicle through it without doing any damage to the road.

I loved how the CNBC video talked about how comfortable ART is while showing an cabin shot thats bouncing all over the place lol

"Plans that are proposed, but just don't get built" I would say that is a common theme across North America, where there are a lot of proposals made but nothing ever gets beyond the planning stage.

A good subway system really is a huge blessing for a city and the surrounding suburbs. I used to work and live in Washington D.C.. I used the metro every day for work. The system finally received some much needed expansion and upgrades.

Oh they invented a bus

It's worth noting that in Brisbane the 'bus impermanence' that you mention hasn't happened. Instead we've gone the other way. From shared traffic to bus priority, and then right of way, to fully separated busways. This is what gives Brisbanites and their Government the confidence that the Brisbane Metro BRT will perform as it is meant to. It already has a strong network of BRT lanes to link in with, and is an extension of this system.

Just gotta make a correction here- rubber tires don’t make a bus uncomfortable, the road does. Trams would be much more comfortable (and quieter) with rubber wheels instead of steel, that’s just basic physics. However rails are far more comfortable compared to asphalt because they last much longer, and imperfections can be quickly repaired to original condition.

Edinburgh used to have a guided busway. It lasted about 5 years before they replaced it with a tram. Cambridge has a misguided busway, which definitely wasn't cheap to build and doesn't really work that well.

Thank you Reece for another superb video. Speaking from Europe (Britain), and having experience of a number of different types of 'guided' bus, I entirely agree with you. I would however not use the term 'Trackless Tram', as that phrase is sometimes used in Britain for trolleybuses. I prefer the French phrase 'Tramways sur pneus' [tyres]. However, the French use that phrase both for the (now abandoned) TVR systems in Nancy and Caen, and for the 'Translohr' systems which still operate in eg Clermont-Ferrand and on Paris lines T5 and T6.

Politicians are attracted to them simply for political points. This is just a BRT with extra steps! As impressive as it is for China to go from the Beijing-Tianjin line to connecting EVERY province in the country with their HSR network in just over a decade, that doesn't mean their other projects are immune to criticism. Due to the current political climate (the US Dept. of Defense listed them as a Chinese military company), CRRC is ineligible to receive production contracts in the US. They're still being held to complete their current contracts, but there is no incentive on the table to produce quality, which is partly why their new plant in Springfield, MA has been SO behind in their MBTA contract. I get that they chose NYC because CNBC is based in the NYC metro area in New Jersey, but that just shows they're not true locals because if they were, they'd know that NYC RELIES on the subway to function. A "trackless tram" just wouldn't do on the ALREADY congested streets of Manhattan. Just look at the M42 route and how slow and unreliable THAT route is! Could you fix Manhattan's bus network? Of course you can, but you can solve that WITHOUT this gadgetbahn technology!

So basically. A techbro version of buses

All the damage of a heavy vehicle on roads, without the permanency of rails. Nothing could go wrong!

A trackless tram, hey. This is the future we were promised. I look forward to the invention of dehydrated water. What a fascinating and modern world we live.

A road running train... So a bus, it's a bus.

Trackless Trams sound like Articulated Buses with extra steps.

Air filled rubber tyres aren't the cause of a bumpy ride. They are actually pretty good at insulating vehicles from smaller bumps. It's the concrete or asphalt road surface that's not just prone to wear but also to its foundation setting and gets additionally worsened by patchwork resurfacing. Rails wear much mor evenly and are more structurally sound for themselves.

In Eindhoven (The Netherlands) a guided, self driving bus was developed around the turn of the century, so over 2 decades ago. The bus, called "Phileas" was supposed to follow a magnetic guideline in concrete dedicated lanes and was supposed to be selfdriving. it turned out to be a regular articulated bus that looked like a tram with dedicated buslanes. The concept was event sold abroad (e.g. Douai, Istanbul - in Douai it seemed to be most succesful - or least unsuccesful?). In Eindhoven the network of dedicated buslanes still exists, but is now used by electric articulated buses that have a somewhat tram-ish look, there are event 9 lines of which most (but not all) run frequent, especially on shared sections. It's an improvement, but I rather had seen actual trams. City is large enough (240k pop. and growing fast with all the expats working for ASML 😁, metro area 780k pop) but in The Netherlands there's not much political will or vision 😔

They've reinvented the bus 😂😂

The Brisbane busway was built 20 years ago with the intention of converting it to a tram line. Currently it's a central route for a lot of seperate bus lines that get stuck in their own traffic. The "metro" is a prime gadget bahn which will cause multiple dozens more change overs between bus and fancy bus. Intending to run service at 2 minute intervals (the most frequent in the state) the route clearly has demand for serious mass transit and even keeping the existing bus lanes it's still costing over $2 billion. As a local the politics is complicated but safe to say I disapprove of this project. People are always shocked when I tell them the "get up and go metro" is a bus route through seperated tunnels that's been in construction for 14 months.

Good video, Reece. Politicians seem to be attracted to gadgetbahns. We need a PR campaign around buses, touting their high-tech features, to make them seem cool. The bus industry should take some cues from car ads. This could serve to distract politicians from gadgetbahns.

Trackless trams, isn’t that a trolleybus?

I live in Monterrey, MX. The line 5 for our metro is under construction and it is going to be using this “trackless tram” technology. The original plan for the line 5 was a traditional elevated heavy rail line, but there was a lot of opposition and NIMBYs. The only way the local government managed to get a middle ground agreement, was by changing the heavy rail project to this glorified bus.

I just find it funny how here in Pyongyang, we built two metro lines, four tram lines, twelve trolleybus lines, and recently added green bike lanes so the many cyclists of the city don't have to go in the car lanes, while other cities around the world STILL can't decide on which is the better gadgetbahn to build, a glorified bus or a monorail. Heck, while our Metro is famous for using old Berlin trains, we've recently built cars for the Metro IN-HOUSE! That's the power of Juche...SELF-RELIANCE! Our capital was DESTROYED TO THE GROUND after the war, and yet we got our act together and made the city a shining example of a transit city. So we ask the rest of the world, what is YOUR excuse?

Perhaps the most frustrating aspect of gadgetbahn ‘solutions’ is that at the end of the day, unlike real mass transit options, they are no real threat to the car-dependent status quo. Don’t worry, Adam Something has you covered.

Ooooh... 15 minutes of Reece throwing shade. Very deserved shade. So so satisfying!

Thank you! I saw that CNBC video the other day and thought... who are they kidding? You hit all the important points. Keep cutting through the Gadgetbahn buzz.

The difference between a guided bus and an ART is the difference between installing a trolley way, and adding a painted bike lane. One is definitely less expensive.

Apparently people in the comments don’t seem to understand how much more convenient these tram-buses are compared to other buses. Being only one storey, fully automated and having 3 articulated sections (which is uncommon in buses) is a Huge advantage for these tram-buses

ART is simply the NIMBY way of developing LRT, I think it would work in suburbs where transit authorities may struggle to get a foothold into them due to strong NIMBY responses. I'm sure if applied appropriately this could be a means of gauging LRT interest in a more legitimate way by creating temporary tram lines where cities may believe it to be beneficial then use it for years before replacing it with a legitimate line or out right stopping service along the route.

They are going to build an ART Line in Kuching, Malaysia. Being the first 'rail' line the state Sarawak has, I am quite disappointed that they decided to build an ART line instead of a LRT. Felt like that's the wrong decision since it's such a new technology.

A circular bus line was converted to something like ART recently in my hometown, they call it "Intelligent Electric Bus". It's just an electric tall bus that has those same guiding "painted tracks" at the stops and acts like a tram (it stops at every stop, all doors can be open for boarding, etc.). I had no opinions on it when it was being built but videos like this made me realize it's absurd. Like, the line now has priority, is mostly separated from traffic and has a higher frequency (which is great), but they didn't need to spend so much on cool buses and such to improve those things. Or, if they were determined to remodel the whole corridor to improve it, they could have put down tracks to create another tram line, which would actually be more sustainable. Every point you made was spot on, it feels like this transit mode is almost always an expensive middle ground.

The City of Liverpool (UK) and Liverpool (New South Wales) are both looking at trackless trams, this video helped me understand because i was so confused when i saw that my local city was looking at "trackless" trams, i had no idea what that was, just thought it was a bus right of way. (very redundant in Liverpool UK because all 3 routes proposed for trackless trams have a very large bus network already.)

imagine a bi-articulated bus with trolley lines and tracks ;O This would be the true future of transit!

Small note, Paris also has a line with no drivers (line 2). Btw, in Belgium we have something like a 'tram-bus' what is an ART.

Hi Reece. I am sorry to learn from your latest Substack Article that you will be leaving Toronto. As a Toronto resident living in Scarborough. I enjoy seeing your content and learning about various Transit systems all over the world and different topic videos including one recently on Climate change. I wish you all the best wherever you choose to move to and I will continue being subscribed to your channel because you will have more amazing content to share in the present and future. And please do visit Toronto again wherever you get a chance to do so.

Can you PLEASE cover BYD's bid for LA Metro's 405/Sepulveda Pass monorail system? I feel like this is a huge thing that should be more well known whilst Metro is having community meetings discussing whether or not HRT is an option on the table when BYD is already publishing a Public Private Partnership to build their proprietary SkyRail system....

Now I know I'm a public transportation junkie, if KZfaq shows me the same video suggestions as RMTransit

at least it's never described as a "pod"

In France, the city of Rouen has the "Teor". It's an articulated optically-guided vehicule, running on a dedicated lane. Guess what: it actually is... a bus. And the reason why the "Teor" exists is because Rouen's City Hall thought that the cost for news tram lines was too high, so they adopted this "hybrid" solution. Oh and by the wat, Rouen's tram system is called... Metro. Because it runs underground trough the city center. You're welcome. We are the France.

I think trackless trams do have a niche use as an alternative to BRT. In places that would require a lot of grading and expensive earthworks to use rail, and when you dont want to diesel vehicles because of environment concerns trackless trams could be used.

Great rant! If you were to ride a San Francisco jackhammer bus you would know how truly right you are. Also, the mention of still another monorail proposal for Los Angeles is hilarious. I remember monorail proposals from my youth there in the 1950s - slim bullet trains gliding effortlessly along unsupported pencil-thin rails high above the ground. Then for a while reality struck when Seattle built its clunky world's fair monorail on massive concrete pillars. The monorail fantasy will never die. Gadgetbahn fantasies evidently won't either.

I'm not sure if it's relevant but the "trackless trams" in my city are really succesful here in Nantes France. It's called "busway" lines and are somewhat of an hybrid between trams and buses. They are not autonomous and use mostly dedicated roads but their flexibility is a real benefit here. If there is any issue or obstacle on a line they are easy to reroute and their "footprint" is pretty low in cities. Also cool to have electric buses that are pretty effective. Now I think I'm mistaken and you are talking about a different type of transportations than the electric "busways" in my city.

Trackless trams aka trolley buses in the UK 😂. The biggest benefit and drawback of buses is the number of stops. It takes about the same time (w/o traffic) for me to take a local train and walk a bit over a mile home as it does to take the bus that stops about 100 metres from my front door. So I tend to use the train more often. Once you add traffic you can see why bus has become a dirty word. Basically you can be sat in traffic in your own car with comfortable seating, aircon and your choice of music (and potentially arrive earlier) or be sat in the same traffic with a load of other people, one of whom just won't stop coughing.

Love that they want to call something that distinctly requires a driver autonomous. Might as well call a Hummer eco-friendly at that point because technically it has better fuel economy than an MBT. I can't believe it's not even powered by overhead wires...

I can't tell you how much I enjoy these videos. And it's great that you give Brisbane a mention because the local govt knows all too well that we don't take their "Metro" seriously, and so they are trying to prop this half baked plan up with a shiny label. Right now we have traditional busses following the routes of the new BRTs and they suck, and these new bigger ones can only be marginally better (if at all), and fall far short of a real advance in our city's public transport. Embarrassing is the right word for it, especially seeing as we have the olympics in 9 years.

This "Nice Bus" is just getting some PR for sales is my take on that CNBC video. Picking New York is just dumb, this thing which you pointed out needs wide avenues and dedicated lanes, plus it's a budget option or try out for a route which might get upgraded for Tram/LRT later on. So houston for pilot scheme then?

I’m in Brisbane so I’ll let you know how terrible the Brisbane (not a) Metro is soon. Although I can confirm, having seen the bi-articulated buses running around, that they do indeed bounce up and down like a trampoline.

The video is quite emotional, you have a strong point about guided buses. But it still does not hide the benefit of it being flexible on operation and city planning, especially in western countries plannings are more regional rather than in a big scale. The hidden cost of rail system is why the guided buses are attractive in areas with low budget but high transit demands.

The painful thing about trackless trams is that it caused Thailand's mass transit projects for its large cities such as Chiang Mai and Phuket to be severely delayed, as both systems were meant to be real light rail, but the new transportation minister pushed the idea of using CRRC's trackless trams instead which ended up completely destroying all hope for any city outside of Bangkok to have any real form of mass transit. Fun fact: Chiang Mai, Thailand's 2nd largest city, has NO formal mass transit as of currently, and the bus system closed down two years ago due to very low ridership.

Johor (Malaysia) was considering to have ART in Iskandar Malaysia, its administrative capital. The project is called, Iskandar Malaysia *Bus* Rapid Transit (IMBRT).

The key issue with using this as a solution (specially in NY) is the fact that it's not addressing existing problems with the system. -"Hey, nobody rides the buses because they're not frequent enough." -"Oh, I know, what about we guide them by painting markers on the road?" -"Wha-... it doesn't even make sense. Well, at least they'll be segregated from the general traffic, right? ... Right?" -"Why would they? We're _perfectly_ fine with bus- sorry, with trackless trams running among traffic, what's the problem?" This is basically a flaw in even understanding what the word "technology" means: it comes from Ancient Greek "techne", a word used to describe the making of things, and "logia" which means "study"; in other words, it's the study and knowledge of how to make things. I like to say it's the acquisition of knowledge _through_ making things, this way I try to focus more on the "doing" instead of the "knowing", because technology needs to be applied in order to generate benefits. It's not simply doing things, is understanding them in the process. And one of the main ways of developing technology is understanding what problems the thing has and try to solve them by applying the knowledge you have about the subject. It's applying knowledge to solve a problem, not inventing a solution and trying to make up what problems it solves. And this is a common feature of gadgetbahns. But even then it doesn't make sense. Let's look at it from the other side: if the issue were that it's hard to drive long buses, so hard that drivers struggle with keeping them in their lane, then guiding them by machine would be a solution. But I don't think drivers struggle with driving buses, I would think buses are made to be drivable, aren't they?

Hey Reece, as you know, violence and crime seem to have increased on the TTC. I was wondering if you could make a video on transit safety, how it affects ridership and what are some of the best solutions around the world?

Thank you for saying it straight. People have so much hope in magical new technologies when the ones we have are already great and efficient, they just require, for example, their own lane or space. Hope this video reaches the right people.

Thank you for validating my hate watch of that CNBC video suggested to me. I wonder if we’ll get a debunking of this gadgetbahn from Adam Something or Alan Fisher too

Seriously if you’re a mid-sized city who wants a good transit system: BUILD A LIGHT METRO! At least for a transit backbone. An S-bang would work and a tram in the city center would work too.

Saw the video too. Didn't watch it cuz it's basically a bus with more capacity

As someone from Toronto, the sigh before saying "Bombardier" - I get it..all too well.

I love the expression of "silicon valley buzzwords". Seems there is always some silicon valley big wig ready to sell some proprietary system for a quick buck.

People when a proven technology with years of research and understanding is pitched: Boring People when a minor tweak, which can offer great performance to effort is pitched: I sleep People when a bus or train but worse and with extra steps is pitched: *THAT ONE I WANT YES*

I agree with pretty much everything you said, though the first and biggest issue that came to my mind when I saw that video was climate. Sure this “new technology” is great in China and Australia, just like self driving cars work great in Cali, but NY(like here is Canada) gets a lot of snow and constant freeze-thaw cycles in the winter. Of course they are super smooth when you are driving a brand new vehicle on brand new asphalt, but that road will get potholes fast, the suspension will be eaten by road salt, and the painted track will be completely invisible under a foot of snow. So as you said, your back to a fancy bus on a BRT priority lane… but it will probably handle worse in snow because it’s bi-articulated… Better off as you said building an automated rail line that uses those fancy sensors to see people on the RoW to reduce the level of grade separation required if you are dead set on using fancy sensors.

My initial thoughts on the title : So it's a gadget bendy bus ? Video : It's a gadget bendy bus !

If you go back to the early years of the twentieth century, the term “trackless tram” was sometimes used for trolleybuses.

Some people mentioned snow days. ART actually has solutions for snow-covered track. Solution 1 it can use lazor to detect the track. Solution 2 detectable magnetic modules can be placed under the road surface. I found this answer in an article answering questions from residents in Harbin about ART. Harbin is a city in northeastern China that gets lots of snow in winter. Most complaints in China are about the slow speed and it being a "moving obstacle", and the dedicated lanes taking too much road space (common complaint for tramways too). The advantages of ART is that, compared to long buses, because all segments are short, and they are on a track, the vehicle requires less space when making turns; and since it uses rubber tire, maybe it requires less careful calculation than trams. Also, compared to bus, the length of it can be adjusted to match the demand. In my opinion, ART is not an ideal choice for now, but some ideas of it are worth exploring.

Fundamentally, ART is a more comfortable BRT that has LRT aesthetics, due to stigma against buses. Light rail in the US is so expensive, I can see why cities might want to use a BRT variant instead but try to mask the fact that it's a bus.

Living in Silicon Valley is very frustrating because our largest local transit agency in the south bay, the Santa Clara VTA, is currently studying a transit project to connect the main train station in San Jose to Cupertino by a fully grade separated transit option of some kind. Unfortunately... they've also specified that they do NOT want to use any traditional rail system, and so they've requested ideas from multiple companies (many of them startups that have never built a mass transit system anywhere), and most of the suggestions are ridiculous gadgetbahns with pathetically small peak hourly rider capacity. The highest throughput by far of the proposals I've seen was... a monorail.

The City of Stirling council in perth is apparently getting a trackless tram that runs from Glendalough Station to Scarborough Beach, as well as one starting from Stirling Station.

I agree that trackless teams are just gloried busses. But isn’t that a reason to not rule them out? Like yeah if we just call them busses would they be fit for purpose, or do they still actually pale in comparison to actual busses. That brisbane ‘metro’ bus looked pretty nice, better than a normal bus and kinda looked a bit tram-like. What would the difference between that and trackless tram be?

its funny how they describe this "ART" as ideal for connecting uncongested suburbs to urban transit, and then conclude with its good idea to install in urban congested cities! every promotional shot of it is on empty roads, in sparsely developed areas, with barely any passengers. and I find it telling that it isn't even installed in one major Chinese city. if a state owned company in a one-party political system can't get it pushed everywhere, its probably because its not even a half-decent mass transit solution.

Just watched on nebula and came back to comment. Thank you for making this.

LMAO I saw that video in my recommended and thought "that's so stupid"

I'm glad I'm not the only one who thinks Trackless Trams are BS. If you want a tram just build a tramline.

OMG! Thank you for this!! It’s so frustrating seeing people jump on this ART bandwagon while they neglect/ignore regular transport options that are tried and proven. Malaysian city/regional authorities like Iskandar Malaysia are trying to introduce ART while not paying enough attention to running frequent local bus services!

Chinese national standards limit the length of buses to less than 18 meters. CRRC developed ART for the purpose of improving the safety of bus operation above 18m through the guide line so that it can be applied in cities. In order to avoid new problems caused by the adjustment of national standards, ART is classified as the guide system, which is the category of APM. ART application is also basically to replace the original planned tram line to reduce costs, or replace the main lines on the "bus highway" BRT corridor. One reason why ART is applied is that its name with "rail transit" is more eye-catching than other cities that build BRT corridors. CRRC continued to use the name "rail transit" when it found that it was beneficial to improve sales.

As someone who commutes into NYC for work, I can tell you that the "discomfort" of riding buses pales in comparison to the discomfort one would feel if pushed onto the tracks in front of an oncoming subway train. And yes, that is a thing in NYC.

Can we just PLEASE say it from the beginning? It's just fancier looking buses. Just give your buses their own lanes if you don't wanna build tracks into the road.

Surprised you didn't mention Tokyo. If something is a viable mode of transport, it almost certainly exists in Tokyo or another Japanese city, and you can learn from how well it performs there. Being that they have both public and private operators and just so much transit, they have almost everything, and it's a great way to see if something has issues, and you can also learn something if they rarely choose to use something. BRT is very uncommon, the right of way is the most expensive thing, labor costs are high and population is high. If they thought it would save them money I think they would do it, but clearly it doesn't

"I don't think any attention given to public transportation is a bad thing" You say that, but my counterpoint would be the extensive coverage of the Vegas Tesla tunnels.

trackless trams sound like the worst mix of a bus and a tram

The trackless tram is really not a technology problem, its a marketing problem. If it was called a driverless bus, there would be no issue, and it could be used in areas suited for BRT quite well. And it would actually be a really nice BRT. As soon as they tried to pretend its an LRT is where they lost the plot. This thing is a great BRT and a bad LRT

literally just a car

what i think is funny is how many times it's shown how rail based transport is just much better, yet people keep going for tire based transport

Thank you thank you thank you. I was waiting for this video. Greetings from Zurich with its trams and trolleybuses 😊

Hi Reese, since you mentioned watching the video on Nebula: I have a subscription, but almost never watch videos there, because they are simply slow. They are often "buffering", which brings me back to the Internet before KZfaq existed. Most videos there are impossible to watch without downloading using a 3rd party app. Since Nebula has far fewer creators than KZfaq, maybe you will be able to bring this up with the platform maintainers. If the issues are fixed, there will be almost no reason to go back here (except the comments of course). Cheers!

Gotta agree that the "Trackless Tram" can cause a huge amount of problems when it comes to the blending in with the traffic and would blow the budget sky high.

Don't forget that the new light-rail in Helsinki is also partially in Espoo, so 2 cities had to agree on it and how much each city pays.

I saw this title, thought "wouldn't that just be a trolleybus"? I then googled it... then fell on the floor at the fact that google just shoved the wikipedia page for trolleybuses in my face. Literally tells you all you need to know about this.

An important thing to know/discuss for the American context (that CNBC is talking in) is that public transit and specifically buses are race/class coded. So the emphasis on these things not being buses when they're essentially just buses actually makes a lot of sense in the American context. This race/class coding causes a hesistance to riding buses that doesn't exist as much for trains/trams -or things that look like trains/trams-. So, I wouldn't be surprised if a 'ART' line would have higher ridership than the exact same 'BRT' line simply because of this historic/cultural context.

Hope the brisbane things turn out to be nice and get installed around the world

I've heard that these type of bus also create ruts in the roadway where the bus tires wear away the pavement. That happened with the Translohr systems.

I did see this CNBC video you’re referring to, and thought “Help! Someone’s trying to invent trams again…”