Russia GPS-Jamming Civilian Aircraft! | Mentour NOW!
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Күн бұрынTo stay informed about current events around the world, check out Ground News: ground.news/MentourNow
Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine started on the 24th of February, there have been an alarming increase in reports of GPS jamming and Spoofing of civilian aircraft who are flying around the war zone and Russias borders. In this episode I will give you some background about GPS, how GPS jamming and Spoofing works and what kind of consequences it has on civilian aircraft, who are subjected to it.
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Is the Russian government planning to nationalize the aircraft in Russian airlines who are leased from foreign lessors in order to protect the Russian aviation sector from the effects of sanctions? Today we will take a look at this and see what the signs are and what possible consequences might come from them.
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Below you will find the links to videos and sources used in this episode. Enjoy checking them out!
Sources
-----------------------------------------------------
United States Space Force Logo:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_...
GLONASS Logo
By www.glonass-iac.ru/guide/gnss/
Fair use, en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?...
New York Times Article GPS Jamming:
www.nytimes.com/2021/01/23/op...
VOA News article GPS Jamming:
www.voanews.com/a/silicon-val...
C4ADS Article:
static1.squarespace.com/stati...
Jack Margolin Tweet
Jack_Mrgln/status...
Timing Code Correlation Graphics GNSS:
www.e-education.psu.edu/geog8...
Galileo GPS Logo:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo...
Beidou Chinese GPS Logo:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BeiDou#...
India GOS Logo:
trak.in/tags/business/2018/06...
Japan GPS (QUazi Zenith) Logo:
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...
Flightdeck Chronograph:
www.flightdeck737.be/wp-conte...
Government GPS Jamming Article
www.gps.gov/spectrum/jamming/
Finnair Reporton GPS:
simpleflying.com/finnair-gps-...
Transaviabaltika Report:
Mentourpilot.com
IRS
www.vectornav.com/resources/i...
VOR Image:
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drehfun...
CHAPTERS
----------------------------------------------------------
00:00 - Intro
01:10 - How GPS Works
02:57 - The Owner(s) of GPS
03:44 - GPS and Aviation
04:17 - Alternatives for other Navigational Systems
03:09 - Sponsor "Ground News"
03:40 - Airplane Part Categories
04:49 - Real Problems
06:45 - Problems witgh GPS
07:17 - How Jammers work
07:15 - Petters Friend
09:00 - Jamming and Civil Aviation
11:00 - Dangerous Problems: GWPS
13:15 - Outro
@MentourNow 2 жыл бұрын
To stay informed about current events around the world, check out Ground News: ground.news/MentourNow
@21stcenturyscots 2 жыл бұрын
Good April's fool.. LOL I almost fell for it, then I saw the upload date... Nobody in their right mind would install jammable stuff into passenger airplanes and risk the lives of their customers.
@splifstar85 2 жыл бұрын
Anti Russian propaganda must pay well.. 😏
@ironclay3939 2 жыл бұрын
Could it be a "soft no commercial fly zone''? Could it be that Putin doesn't want to make any mistakes? and Is trying to soft pressure non mil from the area? That is consistent with his mood right now Mentour.
@MrCaiobrz 2 жыл бұрын
Getting too many visual effects, keep it simple!
@eecarolinee 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for this presentation.. and thanks so very much for being so thorough. One gets soooooo used to clickbait kinda stuff where the creator kinda leaves out the inertial navigation.. and the maps, too. "Ahhhhhhhh" they say "GPS is down.. the sky is falling.. as are all the aircraft!" Anyhow.. I actually liked celestial navigation at sea.. we kept up to speed as backup for if/when Loran-C went down Used Air Navigation Tables to reduce sextant sights because they were easier to use than the nautical ones.. better layout. Would be an interesting exercise to retro-train contemporary aircrew to fly old-school navigation. I figure it needs one extra crew member as navigator.. which is the crew-savings commercial aviation liked when electronic aids matured.
@bobschlussler8213 2 жыл бұрын
When I heard that the FAA was decommissioning some of the VOR transmitters, I thought it was a bad idea. GPS is wonderful, but having a backup plan is always a good idea when life safety is involved. You did a great job of illustrating the need to not become totally reliant on GPS, or GNSS in general.
@spvillano 2 жыл бұрын
Well, the upside is that there are several options besides US or Russian birds for position information. Still, an out of band method, like VOR is always a good idea, just in case orbital conditions are insanely too noisy, such as from solar activity. The propeller hat community goes nuts over EMP, never realizing or accepting that Sol, our own treasured sun hits our planet with radiation that makes an EMP look like a cheap firecracker next to a nuke. I've known that for decades, as I had to rely upon satellite communications and on occasion, things got tricky, to put it mildly. I also tend to have to reboot devices whenever a geomagnetic storm hits, likely from ground currents in the local geology. :/
@Killerspieler0815 2 жыл бұрын
@Bob Schlussler - YES , ALWAYS have fall backs , an old legacy system can get sooner important when you think ... this is not just with USA´s GPS ...
@spvillano 2 жыл бұрын
@@GeorgeWashingtonLaserMusket you do know that there's lower accuracy with the civilian vs the military GPS, don't you? And they can always turn selective availability back on again, lowering the civilian accuracy even more. The quote justifying the lower accuracy was, "Suppose someone wanted to fly a cruise missile into the Oval Office window?", as if GPS was and is the only game in town for military missiles. Military GPS uses additional data bits and multiple receivers, civilian GPS uses single receiver. The civilian is augmented with WAAS, but that's North America only. Just as my M4 I lugged around in the Army is a wee bit different than what civilians buy, as milspec has specific standards to ensure that the weapon operates under a very wide environmental set of conditions, from arctic to tropical and most civilians don't want to pay for that additional capability and expense.
@WJS774 2 жыл бұрын
@@GeorgeWashingtonLaserMusket You seriously think that the US military doesn't have alternative means of navigation other than GPS?
@jaykickliter 2 жыл бұрын
@@WJS774 the navy has celestial navigation if both C and M-coded GPS is down, but that’s about it
@gluck3d 2 жыл бұрын
Also, an interesting fact about GPS - it is one of the few technologies, where we had to actually think of relativity effects affecting time flow. GPS time sync precision must be so high, that math has to do adjustments for high speed of satellites orbiting around earth and having their time going a little bit slower than on earth surface. Without this adjustments, GPS coordinates would drift significantly.
@johng4527 2 жыл бұрын
Yes but if i remember correctly, the gravitational time dilation has a much larger effect on the satellites. someone correct me if I'm wrong.
@wally7856 2 жыл бұрын
The time shift of the GPS satellites due to velocity is a delay of 7 microseconds/24h, time shift due to less gravity at orbital height is faster by 45 microseconds/24h. Add(subtract actually) the 2 together and you get the GPS clocks running 38 microseconds/24h faster then on earth. Fun fact, your head is older then your feet because your head is further away from the earths gravitational field then your feet, not by much but a few microseconds seconds over the course of your life.
@noahway13 2 жыл бұрын
@@johng4527 It don't matter where the fault is, it will affect the readout of your GPS.
@Merilix2 2 жыл бұрын
@@noahway13 Not necessarily. with 4 (or more) satellites your GPS receiver has four equations with four unknowns to solve. One is Δt, the difference between your poor quartz clock and GPS time. All satellites are equally affected by relativity effects and Δt says nothing about which clock is wrong. So not considering those effects wouldn't necessarily affect precision. However, rt-correction allows for a) using GPS to sync your poor quartz clock and b) approximate positioning using only 3 satellites.
@ZE0XE0 2 жыл бұрын
Also fun fact: many power grids use the timing signals of GPS to maintain the correct frequency. So if gps went out, some power grids might too. wouldn't that be a mess!
@Norbrookc 2 жыл бұрын
I read a news story a few years back that the US Naval Academy had restarted teaching traditional navigation (sextant, star charts, etc.) to the students. They'd stopped when GPS became ubiquitous, but realized with the advent of jamming capability, it was always good to have the back-up of doing the old-fashioned way.
@GabbieGirl007 2 жыл бұрын
im telling you this is a lie . My flight school did and does this . infact if they don't that is unsafe . its always FAA law and requirements that there are maps in the aircraft . or even approach plates . this can be a digital or physical map . most use digital cause it weighs less and cost less to get the updated versons.
@Norbrookc 2 жыл бұрын
@@GabbieGirl007 Um. "Naval Academy" "Ships" not airplanes.
@GabbieGirl007 2 жыл бұрын
@@Norbrookc im an idiot sorry . I thought you was talking about airplanes terribly sorry . Please disregard my past comment sir .
@hovanti 2 жыл бұрын
That is good to know; it's ironic that ancient skills can actually beat technology. I've wanted to learn how to use a sextant, but really have no use for it at all.
@GugsGunny 2 жыл бұрын
AFAIK, US Navy never stopped using sextants. Heck, the US Coast Guard still operates a wind sail ship for training, the USCGC Eagle.
@stevecrockett4414 2 жыл бұрын
That was really well explained, Petter ... I have been teaching my Maritime students about GPS spoofing ... I think I’ll just direct them to your channel 😊
@msromike123 2 жыл бұрын
As far as you know, is it possible to spoof with a seemingly valid signal for the purpose of having them navigate to an unintended destination. IE Somalian pirates? Just curious. My gut feeling is it's a works, doesn't work thing, but I wonder.
@NicolaW72 2 жыл бұрын
Good idea! :-)
@VisibilityFoggy 2 жыл бұрын
Very cool to hear you're teaching your students about this. I was actually the reporter who discovered a spoofed sanctioned ship two years ago in the Mediterranean and broke the story. I've been boating since I was, well, age 1, and Marine Traffic has prompted many conversations across the world. But asking the locals about paint jobs is always your best bet!
@sailaab 2 жыл бұрын
Or start your channel🙂 to talk on this
@dndjxnskdbajd4561 2 жыл бұрын
@@msromike123 I’m no sailor but surely boats also use intertial navigation, which would disagree with the gps position and cause absolute mayhem to go off in the bridge
@robertlitman2661 2 жыл бұрын
GPS was available to the public long before 2000, though with degraded precision due to Selective Availability being on (an encrypted signal restricted high precision real-time usage to the military). Even with SA on, I was using GPS to navigate on the road. It may not have been good enough to immediately know when you missed an exit, but it was still quite a useful tool. However SA was permanently turned off in 2000, and since 2007, all future GPS satellites stopped getting the ability to support SA. The original reasoning behind having SA was to prevent an ICBM/LRBM from taking advantage of GPS guidance to shrink it's CEP, and the degraded civilian GPS signal would be imprecise enough that it would not improve an inertially guided missile's targeting. But GPS has another trick up its sleeve, and civilian GPS units have both speed and altitude limits due to CoCom, which really makes global SA have no military value any more.
@MentourNow 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, I know, I just didn’t want to get into details on that and since it has been available in its current precision since around then, I just used that. Good point though
@kenbrown2808 2 жыл бұрын
basically the difference between old GPS and modern GPS is that the old satellites could not be reprogrammed in flight, so they were built to be inaccurate, and then the GPS got a signal from a local ground base that would correct the intentional inaccuracy. the theory was that in case of a threat, the ground base would be remotely shut down, and the threat could then not use the GPS signal. modern satellites can be remotely turned off so it is much simpler to have them operating accurately, and if there is a threat, they just go dark until the threat is over.
@liam3284 2 жыл бұрын
I remember sitting at a trig point with an early receiver. position wasn't bad, but altitude was way off.
@BogdanSass 2 жыл бұрын
@@kenbrown2808 That is not true. Selective availability was built into the signal sent from the satellite, and had nothing to do with the existence of a ground station. And while I cannot find any reliable sources on how "programmable" the already-launched satellites were, the fact that SA was repeatedly turned on and off over time suggests that all satellites were programmable, even when already in orbit.
@ke6gwf 2 жыл бұрын
@@BogdanSass you are correct. SA used to constantly shift and change, so your location would always be moving as the satellite signal was shifted. The ground stations he's talking about is what surveyors used to compensate for the SA and get exact locations, by sending the correction signal via radio from a known fixed location to the surveyor's instruments telling it how far off the SA currently was.
@jaakkoohable 2 жыл бұрын
Greetings from an armchair aviation enthusiast from Savonlinna, Finland. These are crazy times for sure. Our local newspaper ran a story about the GPS jamming event, but it wasn't really a big talking point among the general population, strangely enough. There have been similar events in the past along Finland's eastern border. There's little we can do about our geography other than gear up and be prepared, unfortunately.
@matteob8676 2 жыл бұрын
did you observe any GPS disruption at ground level?
@dasmaurerle4347 2 жыл бұрын
I remember following a BA flight last week on flightradar24 (i think it was BA 703, but not sure) that was heading strait for Crimea. I was stunned...i zoomed in and it actually flew across Crimea. 2 minutes later flightradar corrected the data and the plane was shown to be 50 miles north of the Turkish shore of the black sea.
@PassiveSmoking 2 жыл бұрын
America decided to make GPS openly available after the shootdown of Korean Airlines flight 007, who strayed into Soviet airspace due to a misconfiguration inertial navigation system, prompting a lethal response from a paranoid Soviet military, which thought they were getting buzzed by an American sigint aircraft, along with a number of other incidents involving inertial navigation system issues
@stefanengler772 2 жыл бұрын
The NAVSTAR GNSS GPS system ist not openly available. It has a very strong encryption. The p/y-code signal is very resilient to spoofing and jamming. It's possible to land an aircraft with only the p/y-code NAVSTAR GPS GNSS at the centerline. The problem is that most airplanes only use the c/a-code in the L1-band. With the L5-Band active it's much harder to jamming the planes (Air Force Space Command activated L5 on April 25, 2014 with Release No: NR-209-14). Access to p/y-code decryption codes are highly restriced.
@anidiotaboard138 2 жыл бұрын
Was NOT misconfigured, it was never enabled, the pilots simply forgot to turn it on, they did everything bar turn it on
@romanb8846 2 жыл бұрын
At least due to National Geographic there indeed was additional American jet right above the 007.
@TheBandit7613 2 жыл бұрын
@@romanb8846 I saw that show. The American jet was indeed a spy plane but did not cross into Russian airspace. The Russians confused the signal The Russian pilot saw the Korean plane and should have identified it. It's not east getting truth from any government, especially a dictatorship
@dvv18 2 жыл бұрын
@@romanb8846 The detailed ICAO report on the shoot-down has been publicly available for quite some time now, there's no need to regurgitate all these conspiracy theories.
@wewillrockyou1986 2 жыл бұрын
Quite a few areas around the world have had aviation affected by GPS jamming in the last decade. Most prominently I remember regular NOTAMs for airspace in the Philippines where some areas of the country had constant GPS jamming for months in a row, generally linked to some of the internal conflicts that happened there.
@markusmiekk-oja3717 2 жыл бұрын
Russia also jams eastern Finland regularly.
@maticm1 2 жыл бұрын
GNSS spoofing can be detected and overcome by authenticating the received signals. GPS supports this for US military and Galileo offers it commercially. Other modern GNSS most likely support this as well.
@TealJosh 2 жыл бұрын
jamming still is an issue
@thewhitefalcon8539 2 жыл бұрын
Of course, only the US military gets to use this feature. Otherwise the Russians would use it to help guide their missiles.
@matthewellisor5835 2 жыл бұрын
And that's why we still teach LANDNAV/ShipNav. A compass, sextant, clock and map was enough for a very long time; A bit of trigonometry is good for the mind. Production and editing crew, I appreciate your work. Please remember that your efforts are at their best when unnoticed by laymen. (Even so, it did look good!)
@brianpercival1829 2 жыл бұрын
Aviate, Navigate, Communicate. Keeping current on navigation without GPS is also important. Keep an updated map available, read the NOTAM that are current, Test the radio beacon is functioning, trust your instuments and VFR is the best reference on clear visability days for land mark references. Stay in touch with controllers and they have you on radar and can give you your location.
@user-qj8tf8lx1c 2 жыл бұрын
Peter you have gone a long way good job on the video I can see you have really worked on infographics and animations .
@Bowske 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you like our work!
@postingbmwm3 2 жыл бұрын
Is he editing the videos himself?
@TheManLab7 2 жыл бұрын
I'm also glad that you don't use full stops so you really have to use your brain to try and understand what someone is trying to tell or explain to you
@CheckSixAviation 2 жыл бұрын
I highly doubt it,@@postingbmwm3
@fToo 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, lovely graphics. But the one with the three towers makes it look like the jamming is being done by Ukraine! It would be more accurate to places the towers in Kaliningrad and mainland Russia!!
@baksatibi 2 жыл бұрын
I'm a little bit surprised you didn't mention Korean Air 007 that had a huge role in the decision to make GPS available for civilian use.
@3_up_moon 2 жыл бұрын
Tell me about this story :)
@WJS774 2 жыл бұрын
@@3_up_moon They had a navigation error and ended up over Russia by mistake. Russia shot them down.
@3_up_moon 2 жыл бұрын
@@WJS774 they were not in Russia and it's regardless. Russia is not supposed to be shooting down commercial air liners.
@WJS774 2 жыл бұрын
@@3_up_moon Did I say that they were? I thought it went without saying that the appropriate response to a navigation error is not splashing the aircraft.
@spintecnic 2 жыл бұрын
Hello, I'm maintenance technician on Guadalajara Mexico, and a few AC that I've attended, in particular B-777F, have had that problem, checking the TLB, it's a recurrent issue from the past few weeks, but it's been here at GDL in final approach or descend, once at take off from Mexico city. The entry is :" GPS JAMMING"
@daveroche6522 2 жыл бұрын
We studied GPS functionality as part of my Diploma in Avionics - really interesting (along with orbital mechanics). Thank you Petter - it's all bouncing round my brain again - nice one. Take care.
@MentourNow 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you liked it!
@tobiasl.8815 2 жыл бұрын
I had to learn the GPS functionality too when I visited the course „sensor for automated driving“. I loved that course and very thing returned to my brain when Petter explained it. My brain just needed this kind of kick start :)
@daveroche6522 2 жыл бұрын
@@tobiasl.8815 Ah yes - Keplers (3) Laws of Planetary Motion - (imagine - he developed these in the early 1600s!). As a certain well-known science officer might say - "fascinating".....
@tobiasl.8815 2 жыл бұрын
@@daveroche6522 yeah it is crazy how people found out facts and set up scientific theories even when having poor equipment and some these rules and theories are still guilty. It is amazing what good work they did by calculating some theories in their „stilles Kämmerlein“ back then. (German figure of speech which describes a silent room were scientific workers go in and calculate/work and come out only when having a result)
@fv1291 2 жыл бұрын
In my days, we used free paper maps from the local gas station to find our way. It's time to ween our way from our dependency upon electronic devices that can be easily jammed or disabled by our foes!
@aycc-nbh7289 3 ай бұрын
The issue here is that it would be much easier to bribe a human navigator to sabotage the plane and older momentum-based navigation systems go out of sync with the planet’s rotation.
@RoelandJansen 2 жыл бұрын
2:24 I recall that for time you need a single source. for position in the horizontal plane you need 3; for altitude (inaccurate) you need 4. I as avionics engineer always found GPS a nice to have as addition to INS/IRS instead of being the primary and fallback of INR/IRS.
@farmerbrown84 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, for x, y, z and time, you have 4 unknowns and need 4 satellites. The timing receivers work by first using satellites to "survey" their position over a period of time (e.g. 20 mins). This allows them to get a good fix on their location. At that point, they change to "timing mode" at which point the receiver assumes that the location is fixed (this doesn't work for moving receivers). Once in that mode, only a single satellite is needed to determine time, since because the receiver knows its location, and the satellite's location, then it can determine how far away the satellite is at any point of time. So, it knows how long the signal took to arrive, and so it knows the exact time based from that signal., by adding the signal propagation time to the received time to determine its own time.
@robertfitzjohn4755 2 жыл бұрын
In 1996 I was part of a team incorporating GPS into a helicopter navigation system. If the GPS fix was unavailable, it would go back to using its original Doppler radar (for speed) and compass (for bearing), and if that didn't work it would estimate the ground speed from the air speed.
@sharkydiver3900 2 жыл бұрын
I cannot express how much I appreciate your work on these Russian related issues. Keep it up!!!
@mfbfreak 2 жыл бұрын
8:40 the range very much depends on how high the receiver is mounted. In an airplane you can definitely expect such range. However, for terrestrial navigation (like in your car) the super high frequency signals disappear once you are past the horizon.
@Mute_Nostril_Agony 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent as always, Petter. Many thanks. I think in the early days, the US encrypted their GPS signals. Civilians could receive a very basic service, while only the US military could geolocate accurately
@christainmarks106 2 жыл бұрын
I’ve been watching your videos for years now and to see how far you’ve come along in overall quality , not to mention presentation. Just wow 🤩. My hats off to you. Your channel went from good to Great in not a lot of time either. You and Juan Browne are my number one ☝🏾 Above anybody for anything Aviation related. Bar none.
@Enonymouse_ 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for talking about this, I had mentioned it on one of your videos, didn't know if anyone had seen it.
@emmonstrex65 2 жыл бұрын
I remember the passenger jet that was (erroneously) shot down in that area, and I am AMAZED anyone is jetting around anywhere close to the fighting, or Russia in general.
@alexburke1899 2 жыл бұрын
Russian rebels in Ukraine shot it down using a state of the art anti air system. Survivors families are actually hoping captured anti air equipment may still have records of that shoot down because they think it was one of a few Pantsir systems. Russia is a bunch of terrorists.
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
Many countries are close to Russia... Are you talking about MH370 or KAL007? Also I wouldn't say either was that erroneus but rather ignorant.
@emmonstrex65 2 жыл бұрын
@@alexburke1899 Yeah- it's terrifying all around. As an American, I can't relate to other countries invading mine, but I can empathize.
@alexburke1899 2 жыл бұрын
@@emmonstrex65 the first stage of a Russian invasion is always propaganda and buying off politicians so they definitely completed a few steps here in America. A lot of the Covid disinformation and election coup was promoted by Russia. There’s a good article called “foundations of geopolitics” on Wikipedia that talks about how Russia weakens countries before taking any military action using cultural and racial divides. Basically promoting people like Tucker and Trump to create maximum mayhem. They even sponsor people on the left like Jimmy Dore.
@emmonstrex65 2 жыл бұрын
@@alexburke1899 Your comment has nothing to do with mine.
@AndorMilesBoard 2 жыл бұрын
Great video! I don't see a link to the IRS video, but perhaps that's just this preview. Great job!
@kevinkor2009 2 жыл бұрын
Petter's video on IRS is on his main channel. kzfaq.info/get/bejne/gJ5pqLWAtJ6ro5c.html
@JBHRN 2 жыл бұрын
For those who might also be curious... The GPS system works in much the same way celestial navigation (Cel Nav) is done. The primary difference is that the measurement is done with satalites rotating about the earth in place of measurements from the stars. In Cel Nav these assumption is that the earth is the center and the celestial bodies rotate about the earth. Measurements from the stars create an circle drawn on the earch a specific distance from an "assumed position" on surface of the earth when a line is draw from the center of the earth to the star (or satellite). An arc creates a "line of position" and the navigator knows he is somewhere on that line of position. Obtain enough line of positions and you can find your position on the surface of the earth. For a 2 D position, 3 arcs is usually very good (optimally is they are about 120 degress apart in their azimuth relative to your position to your.) When seeking a 3 D position, a 4th satellite is needed. During the WWI era, Pilot navigatred with celestial navigations and fixed sextants where designed into the aircraft. This book helped air navigators reduce the work loads for the sight reductions. There is a lot of math with this sight reduction, this book reduced that so navigators on aircraft to determine this position and use less time. www.amazon.com/Sight-Reduction-Tables-Air-Navigation/dp/1469921456 I am not going to go into the details of how a sight reduction is done, but a number of atmospheric corrections needed to be applied to the anglular measure of the celestial body relative to the horizon. This is what the sextant does, a small telescope is attached to an arc that is geared so the angle can be measured between the star which is being shot and the horizon. With an assumed location of the star and that angular measurement, a line of position is calculated. Bottom line, what Mariners and Aviators did to naviage with the stars allowed us to create the GPS system that we just all take for granted. I just felt I could nerd out a little on why GPS is in fact technology that copies what we did with the naturual world we live in. I am graduate of the US Merchant Marine Academy and so learned Cel Nav when I was in college. Fly safe... John B Hall, MSN, APRN, Commercial Fixed and Rotary-Wing pilot (uncloseted nerd)
@moinr.4513 2 жыл бұрын
Great Video and also great work with the workshop on Thursday! Thank you again for your insight in communication!
@chrisglen-smith7662 2 жыл бұрын
Slight correction: GPS was freely available before well before 2000. I fitted a Garmin GPS unit on a ship in the late 80ies. It was about 15 inches on a side with an integrated CRT display and weighed about 80 pounds. It only worked for about 50% of the time because the satellite constellation was not complete but it did work and it was free after the astronomical cost of the receiver. By the mid to late 90ies you could by small cheap GPS modules that used an external antenna and they worked all the time, I fitted one to track a deep sea buoy that was being towed out into the north sea. The data was sent back to land by a system that bounced a signal off ionized meteor trails for over the horizon comms.
@TealJosh 2 жыл бұрын
GPS was restricted up to 1993. Civilian use was allowed in 1980s, but the signal was scrabled to reduce accuracy. Result being it was selectively available. Only in 1999, GPS III was released, giving us the reliable gps experience we are now used to.
@misterflibble9799 2 жыл бұрын
Correct, it's been freely available since the 1980s. 2000 was when Selective Availability was removed from the publicly-available signal. Selective Availability introduced an artificial error into the signal that reduced the accuracy of the position by about 100m.
@chrisglen-smith7662 2 жыл бұрын
@@misterflibble9799 Ah, yes. So I guess 2000 was when it became accurate enough for a wider range of uses.
@Chris_at_Home 2 жыл бұрын
I used to put GPS receivers in boats for whaling for Arctic Slope villagers in the early 1990s. I had to teach the whaling captains how to operate it. These were pretty basic gps units compared to today.
@tritontransport 2 жыл бұрын
We had hand held GPS units in the US military in the early and mid 90s. They were big and bulky PLGR aka it was called a “plugger” it could connect to as many satellites as it could, at least 5 or 6 were ideal for best accuracy and it would tell you how many you were connected to. Civilian models existed but I think they were limited to like 2 satellite connections so they weren’t all that accurate.
@raminasr2928 2 жыл бұрын
Fascinating, helpful and brilliant video. Shame that some parts of the friendly skies are not so friendly anymore, and that the world is taking one of its periodic steps backwards.
@NicolaW72 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, indeed.
@carolehenson6180 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for providing a look, with this and other videos, into how war affects aviation. Very interesting!
@usvalve 2 жыл бұрын
I'm only summarising many other contributors below when I say - great research, great presentation, great channel! Thanks, Mentour!
@James-KL 2 жыл бұрын
utmärkt informations video Mentour! Tack så mycket!
@michailbelov6703 2 жыл бұрын
Actually antijamming is pretty straightforward - the GPS receiver must have good lateral signal rejection (unless the adversary uses low orbit satellites with high power jamming from above, which is not very likely); that is the receiving antenna must be shielded from sides. This will reduce the number of satellites visible (you would loose all satelites below 20-25°..., but otherwise it is quite easy to implement. Now, for small areas (20 x 20 km) it is very easy to implement jamming from high-flying drones or aircraft; this is a very good measure to protect such areas from GPS guided bombs...
@jonahtaivalkoski322 2 жыл бұрын
Of course this doesn’t work if the EW units are in space.
@sallygough5409 2 жыл бұрын
Such an understandable explanation Petter. Thank you so much!
@mediocreman2 2 жыл бұрын
Great video. And thank you for not having the 'vibrating' text at the bottom for your definitions. It's much easier to read.
@duncanmckenzie2815 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent video and explanation of a fascinating subject. Just one thing: please get rid of the background music when you are speaking. I don't know why a lot of contemporary documentary-makers use background music when people are speaking, it can be very distracting. Thank you.
@islandlife756 2 жыл бұрын
I agree, background music while speaking is very hard on people who have autism spectrum disorder, or other neurological or sensory disorders. People on the spectrum are often fans of aviation or the related subjects that @MentourPilot covers in his excellent videos. This is a great video, made by one of my favourite youtube channels.
@cageordie 2 жыл бұрын
That and the current fad for much higher music volume than voice, even when they aren't overlaid. A couple of channels I follow started doing that and I just skip the music sections, I can't be bothered to keep changing the volume, skipping 80% of the video, and their watch minutes, is easier.
@chester8420 2 жыл бұрын
I do not like music when someone is trying to talk to me.
@debt4717 2 жыл бұрын
Ditto. A lot of us have tinnitus and voice over music really sets it off for some reason :-(
@dougaltolan3017 2 жыл бұрын
2:06 "it knows how long it took for the signal" No, it dosent. To do that it would have to know where it is *before* getting a GPS fix. Position is calculated by the difference in received times from several satellites.
@SahasaV 2 жыл бұрын
I thought position was calculated by knowing where it's not? Or is that just for missiles?
@dougaltolan3017 2 жыл бұрын
@@SahasaV If you look at the image at about 2:22 with 4 intersecting circles.. You have the revived times from 4 satellites, but no accurate idea of the current time. All you can know is how much bigger or smaller the circles are compared to each other, not thier absolute size. In graphical terms, you start by drawing the smallest as a dot {that would mean you are at the same place in orbit with the satellite} you then draw the other circles according to the difference in received times. You then expand the circles at the same rate until they all intersect at a point.
@patheddles4004 2 жыл бұрын
@@dougaltolan3017 It does know how long it took for the signal to arrive - that's the difference between the time encoded in the signal when it was sent and the time in the GPS receiver's internal clock when the signal was received.
@MatthijsvanDuin 2 жыл бұрын
@@dougaltolan3017 SahasaV was meming. (google "The missile knows where it is")
@ericderbez2446 2 жыл бұрын
@SahasaV It is more involved than that. You get the handover word HOW from the navigation message. That gives you coarse time. The 32 Gold codes the GPS satellites broadcast, repeat every 1 millisecond (~ 300 km at C). You only calculate your range modulo 300 km. You have then have to create a pseudo range (the full range from satellite to receiver plus common receiver clock error). Every time you iterate, you ought to refine the estimate of the transmission time of the signal (i.e. when you call the 'ephemeris' -- the model of the satellite's orbit in the earth's frame. These are also broadcast by the satellite and are valid for 4 hrs; they also take about 30 sec to download). These satellites are moving at ~ 4000m/s. The HOW is only accurate to 1.5 sec, so have to solve for fine time, and go back and redo the calculations. There are secondary effects like the clock drift of the satellites and the relativistic effects, but the other major effect is the fact that the Earth has rotated between the time the signal left the satellite and the signal is received.
@dianericciardistewart2224 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent video, Petter. Informative, great explanation and educational!! Thanks!! 👍✈✈👍
@vissitorsteve 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you SO much for the insights and information you provide. I am not a pilot, but your channel is my favorite!
@wdwerker 2 жыл бұрын
I remember hearing that the US military can shift the apparent GPS locations by a great deal and only military receivers can correct for the shift in war zones. Jamming and spoofing adds significant danger to the mix.
@ashtentheplatypus 2 жыл бұрын
So, essentially it only harms civilians? Would there be any legit military reason to jam GPS in that case?
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
Military GPS is it's own encrypted signal with other provisions so they can just do whatever with the civilian signal and keep working with the military one. Military signal jamming is also possible but with a much smaller area since you need much more powerful jammers (megawatts). Spoofing also isn't possible unless you know the keys. Said megawatt (and even kilowatt) level jammers are an easy target for anti radiation missiles of course.
@petermiddo 2 жыл бұрын
Gps started in the early 1990s but was subject to Selective Availability, which meant the US could turn up or down the accuracy, or add inaccuracies, so that enemies couldn't use it to bomb them. Only the US military GPS receivers had a code to get rid of that noise. The US government turned off Selective Availability in 2001. But, yes, you're right, jamming could have significant impacts to aviation.
@Mike80528 2 жыл бұрын
The encrypted military GPS signal is more precise than civilian GPS. Civilian systems use ground-based systems for correction to improve accuracy...but the military controls both and can cutoff civilian GPS at any time (unlikely due to global impact).
@petermiddo 2 жыл бұрын
@Mike80528 primarily WAAS Wireless Antenna Augmentation System. That system isn't widely available it Australia, though,
@GrAndAG 2 жыл бұрын
I always thought that 4th satellite is required to get your altitude, and it's nothing related to the time accuracy. With only 3 satellites it's possible to triangulate the position on surface. And it's clear that having more that 4 satellites just increases the accuracy of positioning (and even when there are a lot of satellites visible, not all of them are in use because after a certain number of them there is no significant increase in accuracy, but they require more CPU power for signal processing).
@tanya5322 2 жыл бұрын
I’m sure there is probably someone smarter than myself in this community who can either correct me if I’m wrong, or explain it better… But my suspicion is that because satellites are so very high above the earth, three is sufficient to triangulate not only your position on the N-S/E-W axis, but your altitude along the Z-axis as well. My college Geometry course only dabbled a bit into non-Euclidan geometry, and I suspect that’s where we need to go for a detailed answer/explanation. Unfortunately, that was over 30 years ago.
@kkfoto 2 жыл бұрын
Actually, you are not triangulating in 2 dimensions, but trilaterating in 3 dimensions (think spheres surrounding each satellite rather than circles). With three satellites you can determine three positional variables (x,y,z). The 4th satellite increases accuracy by adjusting the 4th variable (t): time, or clock error, because GPS receivers don't have atomic clocks like the satellites.
@liam3284 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, the solution to triangulation from three points can be ambiguous.
@liam3284 2 жыл бұрын
however, you can exclude the points that are in space.
@BogdanSass 2 жыл бұрын
With one satellite, you can be anywhere on a sphere around the satellite (the radius of the sphere being the computed distance from the satellite). Two satellites, and you have a circle (the intersection of the two computed spheres). Three satellites, and you have two possible points (the intersection of the previous circle and the new sphere). One of the points is far away from the surface of the Earth, so the second one must be your position. So three satellites are enough for the full position in space (that includes borh coordinates and altitude). The fourth one is used for time correction, because of the inaccuracies of the receiver's clock.
@ianmax69 2 жыл бұрын
Cheers Peter you always re-assure me about flying and loving it !
@danielhansen9443 2 жыл бұрын
Very insightful, very educational for me. Thank you Petter for posting this. Keep up the great work sir.
@blech71 2 жыл бұрын
That guy that was driving around with a hammer to avoid his boss knowing where he was, was only the size not much larger than a coke can but it affected a large area. Pretty wild how it doesn’t take too much power to affect systems locally situation with respect of the jamming device. Supposedly it was a DIY device. Pretty wild.
@thewhitefalcon8539 2 жыл бұрын
GPS is an extremely weak signal. Think: transmitter: a handful of satellites with solar panels. Receiver: the entire planet.
@wotireckon 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks Petter, very interesting! As there's talk of Starlink being used on aircraft I wonder whether this could be jammed in a similar way.
@debt4717 2 жыл бұрын
Great question.
@LionKing-ys6el 2 жыл бұрын
Never give too much power to one area or person. Why the US gov’t has 3 branches that “must agree with eachother” to enact new laws. Just like Tesla being able to shut down “their” cars
@mlenstra 2 жыл бұрын
As a general rule, if it’s wireless it can (and will) be jammed. Dish based satellite is a bit more difficult to jam on the downlink because of the high directionality of the dish antenna. But in bidirectional communications you only need to successfully overwhelm the receiver on the satellite’s side from somewhere within the coverage area to disrupt the uplink for all base stations pointed at that satellite.
@debt4717 2 жыл бұрын
@@mlenstra Thank you.
@uploadJ 2 жыл бұрын
Starlink terminals employ a DIRECTIONAL phased array of elements; You will HAVE to be IN THAT BEAM to be effective as a jammer.
@jperry2418 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent video production!! Content is interesting and you do a great job explaining the details!!
@Rekuzan 2 жыл бұрын
That blast off scene from Wall-E suddenly comes to mind.
@GorgeDawes 2 жыл бұрын
Sadly this isn’t anything new, the Russians have been doing this regularly since at least 2014. Practically every single flight that I have operated since then that passes over Turkey, Iraq or the Eastern Mediterranean has encountered GPS signal loss.
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, it is especially prevalent around Israel..
@beachbum77979 2 жыл бұрын
My dad navigated a minesweeper in WWII. I read about celestial navigation done from aircraft. Not very precise compared to contemporary systems and limited sometimes by clouds. So dead reckoning was important. Heading, course, time, log it, do the math. I learned a little about navigation too. Using a chart, compass, inertial systems and so forth. I bought a handheld LORAN unit after they got down to $400 or so. A few years later GPS handheld units got about to the same price. Within another year GPS units got to less than $200, and selective availability was turned off. All this technology is great. But I think it's also important to have situational awareness. Things break. People that don't like you will try to distract you, shoot at you, sink your ship or crash your plane. Stay aware and have a backup plan
@zvpunry1971 2 жыл бұрын
2:14 The fourth satellite isn't needed because of the inaccuracy of the internal clock of the receiver. With only three satellites alone you have to to make assumptions about your own height and then you can still calculate your position, but with a fourth satellite you can also calculate your height (which also hasn't much to do with the real height above ground, but the height above the reference ellipsoid).
@SilmarilS79 2 жыл бұрын
Exactly, 4th satellite is for height calculation.
@mesteme 2 жыл бұрын
I think it's the first time I stop a video to get info on a sponsor. Ground news sound like an interesting service I hope it is neutral, limits to tagging sources but not hiding or censoring them. 👍
@johntakolander8613 2 жыл бұрын
I had an experience some 15 years ago in eastern Finland, a place near the town Mikkeli. I had a new phone with GPS inbuilt and I decided to try it out: A complete fiasco! According to my phone I was sailing about and up and down also! I was about 150 kilometers from the Russian border. Now I know why that happened: The russians probably tried out their GPS-jamming system.
@MrXBT2000 2 жыл бұрын
8:00 that actually highlights one of the difficulties of tricking a receiver to give wrong position info. I would guess their jamming simply consisted of relaying the GPS signals received at the location his receiver reported. Any dumb receiver within the affected area would report the same position. However, any receiver on the move with access to inertial measurements could easily determine that it is subject to location spoofing, as the GPS data would not match with the inertial data. One possible use case for such location spoofing against civilian airliners would be to direct a high value target into controlled airspace to have a reason to force it to land or shoot it down. That would likely require subjecting the target to location spoofing over a long period, introducing the error gradually so as to keep it within the expected error of the inertial system.
@MarcosElMalo2 2 жыл бұрын
Another use case would be to just screw with the free world.
@zimmerking2323 Жыл бұрын
Remember those passive little outdoor TV antennas that looked like flying saucers? They were sold in the USA in the '60s. A nearby lightning strike or static discharge would zap them and turn them into a GPS jammer. Houseboat owners loved them. They could wipe out a harbor for a mile in any direction.
@jamief-h3044 2 жыл бұрын
Hey Mentour pilot! I love your content, perfect stuff while I eat my cereal! I am about to start my ATPL ground studies, any tips??
@LuluDrakonite 2 жыл бұрын
KZfaq was so slow to notify me of this upload ☹️ I love that glitch effect at the beginning, kudos to the editor 💙
@Bowske 2 жыл бұрын
Sorry for youtubes slow algo! Well finally you found the video! Thank you for your awesome words! Glad you liked it!
@LuluDrakonite 2 жыл бұрын
@@Bowske I saw the notification and got so excited I paused a video I was casting to the TV to come over here.. Then was a bit bummed that it was uploaded nearly an hour. Guess the "GPS signal got jammed" on the way to my alerts 😜 keep up the good work on the editing. I love it 💙
@forzatoro89 2 жыл бұрын
As a tlc engineer, I have to say that this explanation is very complete still remaining easy to understand
@jedisith25 2 жыл бұрын
good job Peter , love all your video , even i am not pilot, but your video and explanation are easy to follow. i love the industry . keep up the good work.
@rickpalmer9518 2 жыл бұрын
AS AN AME avionics with licences on both Boeing and Airbus and now c172 pilot using gps-Just to let you in on why they use 2(irs boeing) and2 (adirs on Airbus) witch are also used for the artificial horizon, the exception is 787 which has plus 1 gps to be used as a reference in case of irs disagreement and that are turned on first to allow them to align with your present pos'n input that 1 time (The only other nav system on modern a/c is that mag compass between left and right fwd windscreen Not like the good days of L1011 and 747 which had 2 mag compass systems and vertical gyros's also.The error rate of irs/adirs is around 800 meters /hr of flying and has NO external inputs. First inertia nav unit was on Apollo moon shots known as a inertia measuring unit (imu) I hope this helps your understanding.You could fly across the Atlantic and only be a couple miles in error
@BerkeleyTowers 2 жыл бұрын
Nice explanation. This has been an ongoing problem operating around the Levant and the Eastern Med for a good few years now...........
@phillee2814 2 жыл бұрын
One great feature of these jamming systems is that they are easy to triangulate on and locate, just using directional antennae. I'm sure there are military systems that could be deployed to then destroy them through a directed energy beam in some part of the electromagnetic spectrum - they are advertising their presence so such a frequency shifted reflection to the source would be highly effective (and plausibly deniable), but I do worry about any van drivers that might become collateral damage when their vehicle's entire electrical system melted. Better switch off those black market jammers pretty quickly, lest you be vapourised as a Russian saboteur.
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
The traditional option for any radiowave source is an anti-radiation missile which are used in the past mostly for radars, but could be used for GPS jammers/spoofers as well of course.
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
The traditional option for any radiowave source is an anti-radiation missile which are used in the past mostly for radars, but could be used for GPS jammers/spoofers as well of course.
@markdoldon8852 2 жыл бұрын
Anti radiation missiles such as the HARM use simple triangulation and standard explosive warheads, and have been in use since the 60s. Soviet SAM sites in North Vietnam learned quickly to switch their radar OFF as soon as they had a fix on incoming aircraft, followed shortly by development of American systems locking on to the location very quickly. Constant cat and mouse between attacker and defender. As it stands now, Nato AWACS units can quickly locate jamming activity, but as long as the jammer are inside Russia or Ukraine, and as long as it remains just a nuisance, they won't act beyond informing the countries involved, despite having the capability to act more aggressively.
@phillee2814 2 жыл бұрын
@@markdoldon8852 Exactly - a missile like the HARM leaves evidence - just directing energy back to the source does not, and the resulting meltdown of the jammer could just as easily be caused by a malfunction. And who says the US has to do it anyway? ex-soviet weapons could be used to target the exact coordinates, as several local armed forces have them and know how to use them. If Sputum Putler's radars are forced to switch off by having a targeting radar aimed briefly at them, they would have no idea where the attack came from. So many options it is hard to choose which to employ, but employed they should be.
@dale116dot7 2 жыл бұрын
Two or three W88s would make quick work of those jamming sabotage machines.
@dvv18 2 жыл бұрын
GPS has been jammed along the border of Ukraine and Russia ever since 2014. When flying in the busy area in the Rostov-on-Don FIR, you'd always get a RAIM failure. Also, for years now, GPS is _spoofed_ around the Kremlin in Moscow - your quadcopter's GPS receiver can suddenly find itself next to Vnukovo airport and, being the compliant quadcopter it is, refuse to get airborne. And that anecdote about a GPS receiver not updating in an airliner cabin - well, GPS receivers don't work that well inside big aluminum tubes even without any jamming, anyway.
@gort2352 2 жыл бұрын
I believe you when you say a GPS will not work well within a big aluminum tube. But, I've traveled the United States from the west coast to the east coast several times buying cars and motor homes, then driving them back to Seattle, each time I brought an automotive Garmin GPS with me in my carry on. I had no problems getting reception and holding a lock. And since the trips were a year or two apart, I often had a different unit each time, still zero problems getting reception in the plane every time I checked. Cheers.
@marlinweekley51 2 жыл бұрын
@@gort2352 as a pilot myself i have a few time open Foreflight on my ipad, got great reception thencasually looking out a window explain that “we’re over atlanta now at 32,000’ doing almost 500kts about an hour to orlando to go” 😆 ps the gps antennas are on the outside of those “big aluminum tubes”.
@GeekRex 2 жыл бұрын
Excuses. Jamming of GPS is a joke until you are in an airplane slamming into the ground.
@dvv18 2 жыл бұрын
@@gort2352 I've been doing experiments like this since I got me my first GPS receiver 20+ years ago. Sometimes you do get a decent reception, particularly in a smaller airplane like a 737 or a A320, particularly by a window facing south (in the northern hemisphere). But you're out of luck in a larger airplane like 767/A330/777/A380. Last time I tried it, it was on February 23 this year (easy to remember), on the starboard side in a 787 flying westbound over the northern Atlantic - pretty much zero reception, I got really bored waiting for the receiver to sync with enough satellites to get a fix.
@gort2352 2 жыл бұрын
@@marlinweekley51 Hello and thanks for your reply. Yes, the GPS antennas are on the outside of those “big aluminum tubes”, except I was talking about my standalone automotive unit where the antenna is inside the aircraft with me. Still had no problems. Because you're a pilot I'd like to ask you about another standalone navigational system called Xavion. Do you have any experience with it, if so can you comment on your experiences.
@hobbesip1 2 жыл бұрын
Very good explanation. I do enjoy how well you explain complex topics.
@mikapeltokorpi7671 2 жыл бұрын
Also in Kajaani (North Finland) a jogger's route was moved by spoofing by 450 km to south east two weeks ago. Naturally, this happened near Russian border. There is a Russian military site relatively near the border there.
@thryce82 2 жыл бұрын
I really like this channel. Videos are thought out, presentation is good, and the guy isnt a ragging idiot posting the same "surprised face" nonsense on the thumbnails. Just nice to see youtube channels that actually take making educational content seriously. Ive learned a lot from this 2 thumbs up
@Angel-uj6cd 2 жыл бұрын
Hi Peter, I am Ukrainian and I really like your videos. I think I subscribed for 2 years already! As I am afraid to flight it is very helpful for me to know how airplane work and what was done after each bad thing happened so it will not be repeated again. Also I am amazed by this approach - not to blame anyone and find all the reasons so that it can be prevented in the future. I just wanted to point out that it is not "Ukrainian crisis" that happening. It is Russian military aggression against Ukraine. And the name of the playlist about this topic is a bit misleading and I for Ukrainians it can feel offensive. It is your channel and you probably have reasons for this decision to name it this way, but I just wanted to be heard.
@flank13 2 жыл бұрын
The same here. I left my home near Kyiv to stay alive with my wife and kid
@MentourNow 2 жыл бұрын
I will update the name of the playlist. I refer to it as a Russian invasion whenever I can.
@MattyEngland 2 жыл бұрын
🙄🙄
@Angel-uj6cd 2 жыл бұрын
@@MentourNow thank you ❤️
@AegaX 2 жыл бұрын
Wow one of the first times that I actually checked out the sponsor ! Really interesting and useful.
@NicolaW72 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much for this very informative video! Please keep us update!
@0783155 2 жыл бұрын
For testing navigation systems in cars we had a GPS jammer as we needed to verify it'd work completely without or to test edge cases with very poor reception. Of course illegally. Never had a problem at all. Usually we'd turn it of within 2-3 km from the local airport. One day my colleague and I are having lunch, right next to the runway, watching planes land & depart. All of a sudden we are surrounded by a dozen military police! We forgot to turn of the jammer and were messing up signals in the cockpit. We were let go with a very hefty fine and several hours of investigation and promising we'd never do it again.
@Chris_at_Home 2 жыл бұрын
The military actually does testing with GPS jamming in the Delta, Alaska occasionally. They put out notices before hand.
@aarontooth 2 жыл бұрын
How long was your lunch? It seems like it could take a while to get together enough nerds and equipment to track down a jammer.
@Chris_at_Home 2 жыл бұрын
@@aarontooth The FCC might have a monitoring site right at the airport. I know ANC used to have one when I had access the site where it was for another radio. I know today with spectrum analyzers you can hook them up to a network and control them remotely. We did this at my last job so people could monitor satellite carriers from a remote computer on someone’s desk.
@0783155 2 жыл бұрын
@@aarontooth It was a shared civilian/military airfield and a seat of NATO's air transport command. The parking is right under final approach and the only in the area. Didn't surprise me at least. Now with the Ukraine war every 30 mins or so a Kc-135 or the new A330 MRTT lands there.
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
@@0783155 Lol... of all the places you'd knowingly go test with a gps jammer is near a military airport or an airport in the first place. The New Jersey truck driver was fined 32k$... Though he drove there a long time.. How much were you?
@samueljohnclark 2 жыл бұрын
Hi Petter, John from Australia. I was a member of the ADF GPS Project Office between 1989 -1991 and first ‘navigated’ in a privately owned Beechcraft Duchess with GPS using a hand held Trimble brand receiver in 1990! It’s incredible how widespread it’s use now is and how cheaply we can access GPS . Love your channel😃 John
@simonm1447 2 жыл бұрын
Yeah, once expensive high tech, today available for little money and included in smartphones, usable for bicycles and hikers
@mhdibm7515 2 жыл бұрын
This content is just too good to be free , amazing work as always!
@richarddyasonihc 2 жыл бұрын
When I learnt to fly, ‘Sat Nav’ was a novel device usually only found on board ships (my Father was a Master Marine), in 1981 the best you would get was a latitude longitude reading in the chart room. PPL pilot’s like me used VOR and a ‘flight computer’ which was a little like a slide rule in some respects. In the early 1990s, Garmin devices were introduced, but you wouldn’t pass a a. Pilot examination or even a bi-annual check to keep your PPL current. I never did use GPS when flying, and now I can’t pass the medical! Anyway, I mostly flew for sightseeing, excursion club competition - including aerobatics. So I wasn’t overly used to using GPS for flying. As a mater of fact, I still prefer the analogue instruments! Sad or what?.
@EannaButler 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for this interesting comment.. 👍
@robertfindley921 2 жыл бұрын
Interesting and well presented as always. A lot of missiles and weapon systems are guided by GPS and could be redirected by an adversary. Scary!
@bobd2659 2 жыл бұрын
Though redirection is possible, it is not possible with jamming. As it would also jam it's own frequency to tell it where to go. So, it would be undirected, which could be worse unless it has a failsafe where if it loses signal for a period of time it self destructs or simply doesn't arm. Redirection is harder, but possible, though a lot of weapons would also have failsafes that wouldn't allow them to hit/arm within a certain distance of where they were launched, which would be accomplished by something akin to the IRS in a plane.
@uploadJ 2 жыл бұрын
HAARM missiles **seek** an emitting sources, so, those are not affected, as well as laser guided PAVEWAY ordnance ...
@seektruth3307 2 жыл бұрын
Great information as usual. Thank you for the efforts!
@wolacm 2 жыл бұрын
I used to work with BTS infrastructure and GPS is used for non-moving objects as well. We used is for a acurate timesource.
@bertiesworld 2 жыл бұрын
Doesn't have to be just the Russians. I'd expect the Ukrainian to be doing the same. It is, after all, a means of possibly stopping incoming missiles. Might even be the US.
@leelizington9501 2 жыл бұрын
They'll all be at it for sure, it's a bit of a one sided report must have been sponsored by fox news 🙂
@Deckzwabber 2 жыл бұрын
They might do, but definitely not from Kaliningrad
@MatthijsvanDuin 2 жыл бұрын
Wouldn't russian missiles use GLONASS rather than GPS ?
@user-lv7ph7hs7l 2 жыл бұрын
It helps of course but most missiles would be using inertial guidance units as primary navigation. This way they can be out of contact and out of reach of GPS. Not as accurate though.
@johan.ohgren 2 жыл бұрын
@@MatthijsvanDuin They could use both. If it has a reciver it's only a programming issue.
@JasonGillmanJr 2 жыл бұрын
Can you update your IRS based on the triangulation of two VOR stations?
@MentourNow 2 жыл бұрын
No, unfortunately not. But the FMC can use that to navigate.
@JasonGillmanJr 2 жыл бұрын
@@MentourNow Wild. I would have thought that possible.
@Kaakao 2 жыл бұрын
The B737 being the Jurassic age beast it is is lacking in many modern features. The A320 and afaik all newer Airbus aircraft will auto tune VOR stations it has in it's database and that are in range and operational to automatically do VOR DME updating for the IRS.
@amandaklapp1171 2 жыл бұрын
There are also many older aircraft with DME-DME-IRU navigation systems.
@JasonGillmanJr 2 жыл бұрын
@@amandaklapp1171 I've seen STARs where it specifies "DME-DME-IRU" at least
@robt2151 2 жыл бұрын
I used to live less than 1 km from LGW south terminal and one of my vehicles was fitted with a small Garmin GPS of 1990s design. Whenever the vehicle was at home the GPS location was some 500mtrs off from the accurate map-derived position. Once the vehicle was away from home the locations showed correctly.
@omally 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the absolutely fantastic GPS overview!
@jannepeltonen2036 2 жыл бұрын
The problem with conventional navigation is that at least here in Finland, they are dismantling ground based radio aids. VORs and DMEs keep disappearing. I don't even know when I've last seen an NDB. For instance in Savonlinna, there used to be an instrument approach based on a VOR/DME, but as maintaining VORs is expensive, it's now just a DME and the only instrument approach is the GPS based one.
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
Yeah, there is ILS in Savonlinna still, but as there is no radar for vectors or VOR for intercept, RNAV/RNP is the only way in weather..
@stevencolborne6845 2 жыл бұрын
The limitations of gps have been known for years, and is part of the reason aviation has been careful and slow to rely on gps. It might be worth talking about redundancy and safety and how any single system has flaws but the old joke... the man with one watch always knows what time it is, but the man with two watches never knows what time it is.
@mickeypopa 2 жыл бұрын
That's because 2 watches is not enough for precision, you need 3. Just like triangulation. 🙂 For failure redundancy however, 2 is enough.
@uploadJ 2 жыл бұрын
re: "The limitations of gps have been known for years, and is part of the reason aviation has been careful and slow to rely on gps." Well, they have implemented DGPS stations as well as WAAS features nowadays too ...
@paanikki 2 жыл бұрын
Hälsningar från östra Finland ! I remember those events very well. Flights to Savonlinna (EFSA) were halted for weeks because of the jamming. When it comes to GNSS jamming and Ukraine war, some online navigation selvice providers (Google maps?) temporarily blocked parts of Ukraine from their maps, so Russian invading troops could not use their services to navigate. After all, Russians have used a lot of civilian systems like cellphones and analogue radio transceivers for communication, most probably also navigation apps. Aside from blocking gnss services, Ukrainian local defence units also did LOW TECH things to make navigation more difficult: they removed some roadsigns from crucial crossroads, making Russian soldiers go the wrong way, using the limited fuel of their vehicles.
@mtt9772 2 жыл бұрын
Really like this channel and its content. Keep it up!
@johnshaw4140 2 жыл бұрын
The answer is , DON'T Zfly anywhere near a war zone or an aggressor state
@randomdriver 2 жыл бұрын
There have also been multiple cases in Eastern Finland that handheld GPS devices have been showing location wrong like 100km or so.
@XXXkazeXXX 2 жыл бұрын
I think I saw news of planes having difficulties landing on an airport in eastern Finland 🤔
@alexburke1899 2 жыл бұрын
That’s probably their new strategy to move border fences lol. They’re constantly moving border fences in Russia occupied Georgia, the locals try to stop them but it’s nearly impossible to watch whole border 24/7.
@-tsvk- 2 жыл бұрын
@@XXXkazeXXX Petter mentions this at 9:29 about Transavia Baltica having problems landing in Savonlinna, it's a city in Eastern Finland.
@tb-cg6vd 2 жыл бұрын
I don't know why I keep coming back to this channel. It scares the beejezus out of me!!! Excellent stuff, much appreciated as always!
@hanookgill4471 2 жыл бұрын
Really appreciate your work in all your videos
@terrygoyan3022 2 жыл бұрын
How do flat earthers explain GPS? I love how a group of people can dismiss science when they have zero idea how things work! Very enjoyable, informative video. I'm hoping for a Mentor Now vid on the incredibly sad Chinese Eastern Boeing 737-800 plane crash. It seems difficult to understand how a plane could plow into the ground going vertical..... We need a break down of possible causes.
@dongiovanni4331 2 жыл бұрын
Easy: denial and more "nuh hun"
@SavageTactical 2 жыл бұрын
It has to do with buoyancy, duh. Do I have to explain everything to you sphere sheepeople (sarcasm).
@skylineXpert 2 жыл бұрын
Not having a backup to GPS is a mistake.
@900bcy6 2 жыл бұрын
There's stuff the USA put up there that we don't even know about.
@aviationandotherstuff6571 2 жыл бұрын
Very good video👍 Speaking of methods of navigation, the SR-71 used astroinertial navigation. It would keep track of 2 stars and use a chronometer to get an accurate position. Very fascinating
@AKjohndoe 2 жыл бұрын
As normal, very high quality video. Appreciate the info!
@MyRadDesign 2 жыл бұрын
Not free, you pay for it in the USA every April 15th.
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
Probably earned / saved 1000x worth the payment in the previous year because of it though :D
@brettany_renee_blatchley 2 жыл бұрын
Sounds like we will need to improve our inertial navigation systems. I suspect that Russia, as a pariah-state, is going to get much more aggressive and widespread about this as time goes on.
@user-sm3xq5ob5d 2 жыл бұрын
Or use GLONASS instead? That won't be jammed by the Russians.
@kain0m 2 жыл бұрын
Of course that would be jammed as well.
@rickpalmer9518 2 жыл бұрын
AS AN AME avionics with licences on both Boeing and Airbus and now c172 pilot using gps-Just to let you in on why they use 2(irs boeing) and2 (adirs on Airbus) witch are also used for the artificial horizon, the exception is 787 which has plus 1 gps to be used as a reference in case of irs disagreement and that are turned on first to allow them to align with your present pos'n input that 1 time (The only other nav system on modern a/c is that mag compass between left and right fwd windscreen Not like the good days of L1011 and 747 which had 2 mag compass systems and vertical gyros's also.The error rate of irs/adirs is around 800 meters /hr of flying and has NO external inputs. First inertia nav unit was on Apollo moon shots known as a inertia measuring unit (imu) I hope this helps your understanding.You could fly across the Atlantic and only be a couple miles in error
@reubenmorris487 2 жыл бұрын
@@NeungView Military GPS can use encrypted signals.
@srdjanbasaric517 2 жыл бұрын
Don't worry, you are 20 years behind Russians in any technology and you will never catch up them.
@mjustjeanette7026 2 жыл бұрын
Informative, as always. Thank you.
@Linas_LY2H 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for a very interesting info! I didn’t know the power output of the jamming transmitters can be at about 10KW , that’s a lot of RF power on the 1-1.5GHz frequency range! Fly safe, regards, Linas .
@tightcamper 2 жыл бұрын
The effects of space weather on GPS is well documented. There are even space weather forecasts that will alert interested parities to timing issues That is why GPS is not the only navigation system for critical systems.
@uploadJ 2 жыл бұрын
re: "The effects of space weather on GPS is well documented. " SURE would like to see a 'white paper' on that. Everybody says that, NO ONE cites ...
@radustirbu5312 2 жыл бұрын
Couldn't the crew of the Transavia Baltica flight perform a visual approach if the RNAV failed?
@MentourNow 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, they could have theoretically but I’m guessing the weather wasn’t good enough
@rkan2 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, visual approach could be performed in Savonlinna. There is ILS but no radar or VOR/DME, so the RNP LPV is only option with weather.
@robt2151 2 жыл бұрын
@@MentourNow On the other hand, if it had been a fault with the aircraft they may not have wanted to take the risk of being grounded there.
@gaeazimmer9477 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, even in Gdnack. I had to take a train to Oswiecim, where the flight could collect me. Within a few days it had become very difficult.
@isettech 2 жыл бұрын
This could be showing a need to make HARM missiles designed to home in on GPS jamming signals. A few passes and take out the transmitters would send a clear message that transmitting on the frequency is a homing beacon for the missiles.
@thewhitefalcon8539 2 жыл бұрын
it's all fun and games until you accidentally blow up a satellite!