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2.2.1. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics I

  Рет қаралды 39,237

Sarah May Sibug-Torres

Sarah May Sibug-Torres

Күн бұрын

Lecture on the derivation of entropy as a thermodynamic parameter from the Carnot cycle and its importance in the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. Also discussed are methods to calculate the ΔSsys for different physical processes.
Outline
INTRODUCTION
0:37 Limitations of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics
3:01 Statement of the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
3:45 Cyclic Heat Engines
12:14 Kelvin-Planck Statement of the 2nd Law
THE CARNOT CYCLE
13:34 Basic Principles of a Heat Engine
15:58 The Carnot Cycle and its Steps
31:13 Calculating Efficiency
38:29 Defining an expression for entropy
42:11 Derivation of the Clausius Inequality for reversible and irreversible spontaneous process
54:14 Generalized statement of the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
58:01 Qualitative evaluation of ΔSuniv
-------------------
1:02:17 Calculating ΔSsys for closed systems
1:02:58 Isochoric process
1:04:44 Isobaric process
1:13:41 Isothermal process
1:19:38 Adiabatic process
1:26:06 Reversible Phase Changes
1:30:57 Mixing of Inert, Ideal Gases (constant T and P)

Пікірлер: 40
@charanjotkaur646
@charanjotkaur646 6 жыл бұрын
It was my Physical Chemistry exam today and this helped me the most. I can't thank you enough. Keep up the good work Sarah. ❤
@Roooooooooooooooo0o0
@Roooooooooooooooo0o0 6 жыл бұрын
Oh my god. This helps me a lot!! I have no idea what my professor has taught. You've just saved my Physical Chem I !!!
@md.morshedurrahman5940
@md.morshedurrahman5940 6 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for your kind efforts. It is really excellent.
@justsomeguywith1rinnegan709
@justsomeguywith1rinnegan709 10 ай бұрын
3rd best learned in my physical chem class
@jahjahjah213
@jahjahjah213 2 жыл бұрын
This is by far the best teaching of thermodynamics I have found. However I will leave a piece of constructive criticism - you say "okay" too much and it can be distracting. Don't take this as an offense, but as an attempt to make the best even better. Cheers!
@alyshianoltes9768
@alyshianoltes9768 Жыл бұрын
It really depends on the person. I'm fine with it. Rather, its comforting at times.
@faicornelius2601
@faicornelius2601 2 жыл бұрын
You are an awesome teacher. Thanks, Sarah
@kkchain4287
@kkchain4287 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing and putting the teaching togethers.
@Mish3aaL13
@Mish3aaL13 Жыл бұрын
You are amazing. Clear and precise with the explanation and examples. Thank you a ton for this great vid 🤌🏽
@faicornelius2601
@faicornelius2601 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks again Sarah . but you mixed up the temperatures for problem 2.2.2. at 1:12:26 in the video
@justsomeguywith1rinnegan709
@justsomeguywith1rinnegan709 10 ай бұрын
F.R the temp should be different and she made them the same
@soobinkim9460
@soobinkim9460 7 жыл бұрын
This was really helpful! Thank you so much!
@FatieHA9811
@FatieHA9811 5 жыл бұрын
you helped me in the night before my test thankssss
@abhisekbanerjee7057
@abhisekbanerjee7057 6 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for clear sharing this.. It helps me a lot..
@tianyanqiu9175
@tianyanqiu9175 2 жыл бұрын
that's soooo clear!!❤️❤️🔥🔥
@InfinityLRDL
@InfinityLRDL 5 жыл бұрын
Thank you!!!
@erikaluna7844
@erikaluna7844 6 жыл бұрын
Super helpful!!! thank you!!!
@umutvoyvoda7564
@umutvoyvoda7564 4 жыл бұрын
I LOVE YOU!
@hlumilemadyibi4315
@hlumilemadyibi4315 5 жыл бұрын
On problem 2.2.2. Why do we use the same initial temperature of 150°C when calculating Entropy for the Cold sample.
@avnish507
@avnish507 5 жыл бұрын
in the last example, 2 variables are being changed in all steps but you apply only one variable change formula?
@gooddeedsleadto7499
@gooddeedsleadto7499 3 жыл бұрын
The heat source in the case of IC engines is from the spark plugs? Change in Internal Energy in the case of IC Engines is from the fuel addition? How about Steam Engine or steam Turbines? The heat source in the case of steam engines or steam turbines is from burning coal used to change water into steam? Change in Internal Energy in the case of steam Engine or steam turbines is from a change in Internal energy from the water changing into steam inside the boiler? Basically the system includes the fuel, steam and the mechanical parts? The system includes the gas and the mechanical parts in case of the gas turbine? & the change in internal energy of the working substance is the hidden force (thermodynamic force) behind the external work that we see as shaft movement or rotation. Please verify thanks
@soobinkim9460
@soobinkim9460 7 жыл бұрын
Isn't Cp for He going to be 3/2R because 3 Degree of Freedom as translational and it cannot have rotational or vibrational DOF..? (It's just an atom, not linear or non-linear)
@soobinkim9460
@soobinkim9460 7 жыл бұрын
Sorry, you are right. That's for Cv, and Cp=Cv+R
@kLuMzyOwl
@kLuMzyOwl 6 жыл бұрын
Found an error @ 1:12:32, the Tinitial B should be 273 not 423
@eastofthegreenline3324
@eastofthegreenline3324 4 жыл бұрын
Nice catch. These are great lectures but you have to stay awake.
@jaquelinegonzalez9411
@jaquelinegonzalez9411 3 жыл бұрын
I saw that and came to the comments to see if anyone had pointed it out haha.
@allone3824
@allone3824 3 жыл бұрын
Crazy How I'm a dropout and studying this shit by myself lmao
@tusharsarker2071
@tusharsarker2071 2 жыл бұрын
💓💓💓💓💓
@Alan-sv6ym
@Alan-sv6ym 11 ай бұрын
Mommy❤❤
@zulalcelik5762
@zulalcelik5762 4 жыл бұрын
you are the best but please stop saying okay :(
@hyperduality2838
@hyperduality2838 2 жыл бұрын
There is also a 4th law of thermodynamics as entropy is dual! From a converging, convex or syntropic perspective everything looks divergent, concave or entropic -- the 2nd law of thermodynamics. All observers have a localized, focused or syntropic perspective. Mind (the internal soul, syntropy) is dual to matter (the external soul, entropy) -- Descartes or Plato's divided line. My syntropy is your entropy and your syntropy is my entropy -- duality. Syntropy (prediction) is dual to increasing entropy -- the 4th law of thermodynamics. Teleological physics (syntropy) is dual to non-teleological physics (entropy). Ellipsoids are dual to hyperboloids -- linear algebra & matrices, Gilbert Strang. Positive curvature is dual to negative curvature -- Gauss, Riemann geometry. Curvature or gravitation is dual -- gravitational energy is dual. There are patterns of duality hardwired into physics, mathematics & philosophy. Homology is dual to co-homology. Integration is dual to differentiation. Homology and integration reduce the number of dimensions or states -- a syntropic process. Co-homology and differentiation increase the number of dimensions or states -- an entropic process. Syntropy (convergent) is dual to increasing entropy (divergent) -- the 4th law of thermodynamics. Gaussian negative curvature is defined by at least two points -- non null homotopic. The big bang is a negative curvature singularity or a white hole -- Janus hole/point. Janus holes/points have two faces (duality) -- Julian Barbour, physicist. Points are dual to lines -- the principle of duality in geometry. Null homotopic is dual to non null homotopic. Topological holes cannot be shrunk down to zero -- non null homotopic. The "bridge" between elliptic curves & modular forms is duality! Injective is dual to surjective synthesizes bijective or isomorphism. Thesis is dual to anti-thesis leads to the converging thesis or synthesis -- the time independent Hegelian dialectic. Isomorphism is duality: two differing descriptions or aspects of the same thing. Gravitation is equivalent or dual (isomorphic) to acceleration -- Einstein's happiest thought, the principle of equivalence (duality). "Always two there are" -- Yoda. Duality is hardwired into the laws of physics & mathematics!
@bitlx3877
@bitlx3877 5 жыл бұрын
Nice video! But you shouldn't say OK or K so often...
@lauraconde-puello2604
@lauraconde-puello2604 4 жыл бұрын
Alexander Bitner lol stfu
@ramillucas2117
@ramillucas2117 4 жыл бұрын
it was natural for a Filipino to say that ok? it's our manarism k?
@michielbosscher5179
@michielbosscher5179 4 жыл бұрын
love how you explain it all, but could you please don't say "okay" so much. all of my focus will here only "okay" and not the wonder full explanations that you give. sorry for asking you this, and i really don t say this to offend you. so please don t love the teaching that you give. very kind regards, michieal
@chelseas496
@chelseas496 7 жыл бұрын
kkkkkkkk
@chelseas496
@chelseas496 7 жыл бұрын
u saying okay made me not want to watch because it annoyed me u say ok after every 6 seconds
@haarisraja5334
@haarisraja5334 7 жыл бұрын
Oh please, go somewhere else. You're lucky she even has these posted.
@jacobvandijk6525
@jacobvandijk6525 Жыл бұрын
I'm not going to count the times you say "okay?". Work on your presentation-skilss, my dear.
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