Shahad Alrawi Thank you for watching. The best thing is these chips keep getting cheaper and FASTER plus all in one.

+Aaron Lowe I hope it works for you... Here is a freebie. Take the outputs and read it 10 times, Average the readings and use that answer. It will smooth out the output from noise and spikes.

Alright. I can code that

Harri v'Jah Great Idea, I will consider it. As those too many benefits and drawbacks.

I hope it helped. Thanks

@@cashe18 it helped a great deal! It illustrated many aspects perfectly I further checked your channel for calibration of IMU sensors, I couldn't find that but if any practical resources come to mind, very appreciated! In any case, thank you for the awesome video!

I have only heard that putting the sensor too close to the motors will cause you error data because the magnetic fields produced.

Thanks for watching. It really comes down to wht you want to do with your project.

+Ian Sterling Thank you for watching. I hope it helps you.

Thank you for watching. I hope it helps.

I'm pretty sure there are. This video is a bit old to today's standards. So many companies made modules for arduino since it's open sourced, You will find what you are looking for. Thanks for watching.

Glad it helped.. Thank you for watching.

Avelx That is a GREAT observation! You are Right and kinda wrong too. I will explain. If you use the chip as intended, then you are 100% correct. But here is where is gets tricky. You must think about the position and location of the chip itself. Say you are working on a tracking project, then you will place chip close to center of project's mother/bread board with top cover of chip aimed to the sky. Then you are correct. BUT let's say we are talking about a handheld like a smart phone where a designer is expecting the phones normal position is right up in you palm, so the motherboard is actually sideways, and the chip's bottom is actually facing you behind the screen. This type of design would swap what the true X,Y,Z actually are. These things must always be taken in account. So Unless it's the Magnetometer which uses the earths magnetic field to point North and East no matter what you try, the other sensors (Not counting GPS) output are set by the programmers normal set orientation for the output. Where X means up or upside down, Z means it's on it's side. The GPS is a different ballgame as it's positions is ALL based on the math output from timing the signal received. This is why most every Smartphone maker tried there best to place the sensor in the center of the board, and gps chip close to top of phone(by ear speaker). FYI, You can't have the magnetometer close to speaker or mic because they have magnets and will hurt your output. Thank you for watching and catching that!

Cool thanks for that detailed explanation, much appreciated and I like your teaching style. Keep it up :)

Avelx I try my best. Taking the technical manuals and turning it into simple English and real world examples. I will make more soon. Thank you

+Mohammed Algailani GREAT QUESTION! Here are a few reasons... The Gyro chip was created way after the accelerometer was already in MANY popular devices. The Iphone 1 and the Nintendo Wii Controller had no Gyro to name a few. The iphone 1 used alot of math plus battery AND the Wii used inferred lights you set on top of screen to detect gyro movement. Later Wii added the gyro chip. Since so many devices were using the accelerometer already, it was easier to put the gyro in the same chip and the device makers would transition the programming slowly. Also manufacturing both in 1 is way cheaper. Also you can create a calculation with both inputs to smooth your data output to be not so shaky. Lastly the gyro is always processing, so a battery saving trick is to put to sleep until the accelerometer detects a quick jerking which indicates a movement to wake the gyro. This is a common battery saving programming used in many smart battery running devices. Thank you for watching!

+Carlos Pineiro Thanks Carlos for the thorough replay. In addition to what you said, an accelerometer measures inertial force, such as gravity (and ideally only by gravity), but it might also be caused by acceleration (movement) of the device. Even if the accelerometer is relatively stable, it is very sensitive to vibration and mechanical noise. A gyroscope is less sensitive to linear mechanical movements, the type of noise that accelerometer suffers from. Gyroscopes have other types of problems like drift (not coming back to zero-rate value when rotation stops). Averaging the data that comes from accelerometers and gyroscopes can produce a better estimate of orientation than obtained using accelerometer data alone. (Source: CSCI 373/EGM 360 Mechatronics Design, sensor fusion.)

Yu Chen Goh 9.8 meters a second squared will be the drop rate. But the sensor you want is the accelerator. Gyro will only tell you the orientation of the falling body. Thank you for watching.

Daniel Saiz Thank you for watching. I hope it helps. Take a minute to read the comments as many have asked GREAT questions which might fill in missing gaps.

Thank you. I hope it helps

Thank you for watching. I know it was long But they all have little differences that matter.

That one took a while to figure out until one didn't blow up allowing army to look inside. It was mechanical. It had a mechanical dial that would spin to cause delay. Once time was up, a rod would push the tail fin to cause the rocket to aim down.

wow, That would actually be VERY easy.. A simple arduino Uno and equivalent and a gyro chip. The coding would be very simple. Goto adafruit.com and you will find everything you need. there also Level apps on your smart phone.

+Carlos Pineiro I was thinking one of us you giving me a quote to build something like this, to me this is like a rocket scienceand I would not know where to begin even if I did buy the materials from that website :-). Contact me at deepersshit@gmail.com if you will and we should do business

It's not a complicated built, just a time consuming device. What you are asking to do is VERY simple. a few KZfaq videos and you can do it yourself with no help.

+SonyX64 I hope it helps.. Thank you for watching

That is a great question. Which is a great reason the gyroscope chip was made. Accelerometer can only detect change of itself. It's very sensitive but say you are on a train. Eventually the train remains at a constant speed, the accelerator will zero out. Only detecting the slightest bumps and shifts til braking or it speeds up. Imagine drinking a soda in the car with no lid. Steady enough the drink calms. At least these sensors usually have mag, gyro and accel all in one chip now.

@@cashe18 But when place an accelerometer on table it's velocity or speed is zero but the accelerometer output is approximately 9.8m/s^2 in z -axis

not the solo chips. like the original wii controller

+Ronen Shemesh Thank you for Watching.. Glad you enjoyed

You probably figured it out by now but a common approach is rotary encoders for rovers

Thank you for watching. I hope it helps. There really is so many options today and each one has it's bugs and advantages.

+WEKRAYS YOU BET!! Was a GREAT show... Thank you for Watching.

Could you please tell me which one will be cheapest operation cost wise...

Your welcome. I hope it helped you some.

Yes, satellites do use sun sensor, star sensor, magnetometer, gyroscopes.

You mean to create the video? I didn't use a phone. I used a handheld HiDef JVC SD cam. Then I used Movie Maker to cut the extra out and add the on screen Texts. Movie Maker is a free Program from Microsoft.

No, the part where you displayed the gyro and accelerometer on your phone during the presentation. The app you used for that.

Justin Cazares OOOooo Yes... I forgot about that part.. I'm sorry. It's a Free Android app Called "GPS Status". It has many features including logging ability and even a tracker where you enter long and lat and it points to the place like a Hide and Seek.

Thanks! Your presentation was great by the way, cleared up some questions I had about the differences between the two. Do you work with these on a regular basis?

Justin Cazares I will not say regularly but I do and have. Mostly making small items and tinkering. I'm a fan of the Arduino which these sensors work amazingly well. You will now find these chips with both Accelorometer and Digital Gyro in one chip because with a little math, you will get a much more smooth output. example is the Gyro is mega sensitive, so you slow the reading when the Accelorometer is in or close to the 0g state. The Magnetometer is the least popular, I would say cause without the gyro, It you don't know what direction the device is pointing, your math can and will be off.Now if you are building a device that will be bolted into a car or plane, the magnetometer who do well since you chip can be placed to always be in the center aimed to front of machine. Apple does it's best to always place the Digital Gyro smack in the center of phone.

I need more details.

+Francis Chan Thank you for watching... Hope it helps

It's a Free Android app Called "GPS Status". It has many features including logging ability and even a tracker where you enter long and lat and it points to the place like a Hide and Seek. Thanks for watching.

Sam19600 Thank you Sam for watching.. That link is a GREAT video. I love his stuff! Here is the deal. The Gyro chip came after the first smart phones, like the iphone 1 didn't have a gyro. So turning was detected with accelerometer because the chip actually had 3 in 1. X Y Z axis. by detecting which had the strongest force and reverse the result, you know what way you turned the device. The limitation is that it can only detect movement if the speed is changing. If you are in a car going 40mph steady, you would have 0g forces on you and the Accelerometer would not detect movement. unless you speed up or slow down the chip will not detect movement. Gyro detects turning, correct. So many to smooth the results do an average of the output to figure out movement. GPS is still the best for speed and long movement.

I'm pretty sure I spoke about this in the video where the issue with the Accelerometer is if you are in a constant speed, where you are NOT making any speed changes, the sensor is useless because it doesn't detect changes in forces. One of the main factors the electric gyro was added to so many devices. but the gyro will not detect speed changes. As a battery saving technic,you put all sensors to sleep and wake when accelerometer gets a mass detection(Shock). Thank you for the info and for watching.

I understand where you're coming from, but accelerometers are actually not at all useless in your described case where the readings (changes in acceleration) are zero. Which is also useful information, it tells us there have been no change to our state since last time we looked. What we would do is to keep track of any changes in the force vectors in all three dimensions. If we do that at all times we will know where we are because we knew where we started from (let's assume) and we know what changes in acceleration have been made up to this point in all directions. If all acceleration changes are zero, we are simply continuing in exactly the same state (direction + velocity) as we were the last time we sampled the device. This is in principle how intertial navigation systems work. Google that (INS) and "dead reckoning" for more information on the techniques used. (Edited to correct typos.)

+Benny Löfgren once you hit terminal velocity then it's also useless. like a speed train and or an airplane on a clear day, once the speed is steady, the accelerometer will read you x0,y0,z0. this is where one must become very clever in what you want to use that sensor with. Here is an example; say you want to make a simple display for a little plane that will show you the angle of the plane but you only use an accelerometer, then it will do ok as long has you calibrate and set to warm start from the ground. The math can do ok. do a cold start in the air and it's a hit or miss once once you are at a clear steady speed, you will get x0y0z0. the gyroscope chip will work better with less math required in this can. this was one of the major reasons the original first wii controllers looked at 2 infrared lights placed on the screen to know it's angle and placement. the speed of gravity is great but the outside forces matter. resistance, hitting a wall, a quick jerk of the board will read maximum force 16x,16y which can ready mess the numbers a bit. I prefer the combination of gyro and accelerometer for fast feedback with less errors. then there is the plane going at 20mph thrust with counter winds coming at 15mph. This is another issue but a job for the gps.

***** You are right about that, the combination of gyro and accelerometer is better, since a gyro will measure angular velocity changes and not be as sensitive to sudden movements and "noise". Gyros are susceptible to drift over time though. But I still have to object to you calling accelerometers "useless" in their null range, they certainly are not. The accelerometer measures the *change* in your velocity in the three axes, and to know that your state vector has not changed since your last sample is a very useful piece of information. The GPS is a totally different beast. It gives you a position *fix* in 3D space, and even though as you said in the video you can use it to calculate speed and heading, that is of course not its primary use, and unlike the other two sensor types, a GPS *does* become worthless for that secondary purpose when you are standing still or moving very slowly. Before the days of GPS, people could still navigate the seas and the skies, using just gyros and accelerometers (or a compass and speed measurements) and dead reckoning. :-)

Let's be more specific about this... He stated "it is measuring the pressure of gravity" - which is not accurate, but it is pointing out the accurate variable of pressure. You also stated that the accelerometer is measuring acceleration, which isn't entirely accurate either. Acceleration is the change in velocity (speed) over time [a=Δv/Δt]. Since the device isn't measuring velocity or time, it can't possibly be measuring acceleration.... at least not directly. On the other hand, physics tells us that F=ma (Force = Mass x Acceleration) - which can be changed to a = F/m (Acceleration = Force / Mass). If you know the mass of an object, and you can measure the force applied to it, you can calculate Acceleration. So how does the accelerometer work?? A common accelerometer consists of a material of mass and a interesting material known as piezoelectric material. When force is applied to piezoelectric material, a measurable voltage is emitted - so where does the force come into play? All objects of mass have inertia. Inertia is the resistance of an object of mass to move out of its 'inertial frame of reference'. An object at rest as well as an object moving at a constant speed of 100mph are both stationary within a frame of reference. If a force is applied to the object and its speed or direction changes, it will move outside of this frame of reference into another. When this happens, a force is applied to the object of mass in the opposite direction, known as Inertial Force. Back to the example with in a car. When you accelerate in a car, you feel a force against your back pressing to the seat. Likewise, when you make a sharp turn you feel your body move away from the turn (more precisely perpendicular to the change in direction - aka centrifugal force). If you were to place piezoelectric material between your body and the seat, a measurable voltage could be detected when you accelerated forward (or likewise when you slam on your breaks). This is essentially how the accelerometer works. When a material of mass applies PRESSURE to the piezoelectric material through inertial forces, a voltage is detected and can be used to calculate force. Since the developers of the accelerometer sensor knows the mass of the material also, you now have the two variables needed to calculate acceleration (a = F/m). For anyone who is still confused by all this physics jargon, an easy way to understand an accelerometer is to think of it like a tiny bathroom scale. When you stand on a scale, it detects your weight. Gravity applies a force to your body, and since the scale is on the ground, it resists moving, thus a pressure is applied between your feet and the scale, which it measures that pressure. Most modern accelerometers measure on 3-axis - X (left-right), Y (forward-backward), and Z (up-down). Now knowing that the accelerometer works much like scale - you could now draw the conclusion that even at rest, a force would be applied to the Z-axis... and you would be right. Even at rest, an accelerometer will draw a constant measurement in the downward direction on the Z-axis. This is easily resolvable by applying an offset of the measurement against the final reading. However, you wouldn't want this offset if your accelerometer is in space or on another planet/moon as the force of gravity wouldn't be the same. Hope you enjoyed this explanation!

No. The accelerometer detects changes in force. The gyro is found to be better in detecting direction of chip. Here is an example. If you are in a car accelerating 0 to 60, you feel the g forces and it pushes you into your seat. But once the car stays steady at a speed, you no longer will feel the force cause you and car are moving at same speed. 9.8m/s/s kenetic energy does help the chip know direction if you move it a lot which requires doing an 8 shape to calibrate. If you open the sensor on an ipad going 700mph in a plane, it will show steady that you can even place on tray and it not fall. A good mix of sensors help. Rarely will you now see accelerometer chip without a gyro in one, these days.

Your example scenario is correct and reaches a valid conclusion, but your first statement is false: the accelerometer does NOT measure changes in force. I think you mean to say it measures changes in velocity. An accelerometer will only read zero in all directions if it is under free-fall of gravity, all other scenarios will have non-zero readings. Imagine an accel. made out of a box with equal sized springs on all walls, suspending a mass in the center. If the box isn't moving (resting on a table), what is the length of the springs? The top spring will be longer than the bottom one because of gravity pulling on the center mass. The length of this spring is proportional the amount of acceleration (due to gravity!!). The MEMS accel works on the same principle. It uses plates/capacitance instead of springs. It gets complicated because you can do tilt sensing with a 3-axis accel(Gyro not needed).

What you say makes sense but there is no springs in these chips and the accelerometers I have used and codes when powered up from rest reads me 0,0,0 . And I know I'm not free falling. The first wii controllers only had accelerometers and to solve the position issue, Nintendo used 2 IRs in front to a sensor on top of tv know twist better. Later the dual acceleration & gyro chip was then used. If the current chips of today accelerometers read the gravity when at rest then it's a huge plus since I have not used one in about 4 years.

This was a very useful discussion , you two :)