Do they include plans on how to make solar cells? As well as who to contact. I just looked at their web site and their product seems a bit illusive. Thank you

Good plans!

THANKS!

Precisely, that gives it, its characteristic blue colour.Thanks.

Then you have learned nothing.

Keep cool, great ok but no real pictures of factories step by step. Of course bettet than nothing

Silicon is the second most abundant element on planet Earth (oxygen, by the way, is the most abundant). And silicon makes up around 27.7% of the Earth's Crust. This is basically why we have sandy beaches. Because the rocks are, as mentioned, around 27.7% silicon (on average - some rock types more and some rock types less) and then the sea water - tides rolling in and out, and crashing waves against the coastal rocks, etc. - are gradually eroding those rocks away. (Think about rounded pebbles on the beach. They used to be perfectly rocky and irregular in shape, but the water has been eroding them and rounding them off over time, until we get perfectly smooth and rounded pebbles.) The tiny particles of rock are then washed towards shore by the tides. And so we get sandy beaches - which are actually a mixture of things, but as there's a lot of silicon in the rocks that make up the Earth's Crust, then there's also a lot of silicon in that sand, because it's just those rocks all crushed up and eroded, into almost a powder - washing up to the shore and deposited there. So, yeah, there's an abundance of silicon everywhere. Second most abundant element on the planet. Of course, there are places where it's way easier to obtain than others - there are silicon mines, where it can be dug up and processed easily - so how economic it is to do it in one country versus another does vary... ...but to directly answer the question you asked, yes, you could technically extract and process silicon anywhere on planet Earth. Basically, it's just rocks.

@@klaxoncow but it requires lots of energy, compared to how much it yields. You can hear it in the video: a solar plant can produce the energy it needs to manufacture itself again in 2 years… probably if we choose low quality raw materials, it would take even more energy to purify and distill

Free energy. You sir have no idea of what you speak. Nothing is free in the energy world except perhaps stored water.

@@user-nu1vn3yy9s what do you do with the waste for the next 250,000 years? Remember Chernobyl and Fukushima? Don't talk such nonsense and besides remember the conservation of energy law.

I am sorry - no clue about the track after such a long time.

Good Luck for the plan to start such a projecct in Pakistan! Starting with module production ist an easy step - solar cells, wafers and silicon can follow.

Sir how I contact with you

.

yes, of course. We have already solar installations with more than 2,4 GW of rated power. During bad weather conditions you need energy storage. That could be solar hydrogen or battery power (maybe TESLA batteries as a second life).

you can start with a module manufacturing as the invest is not as high and you can do a lot with manual work.

You can't make pure silicon from sand without using coal or similar form of carbon for smelting...

solar electricity has reached a cost level of below 0,03 US$ per Kilowatt hour in sunny regions. Therefore it is the lowest cost source for electricity globally. Every year more than 150 GW (or app. 150 power plants) are produced and installed. This is reality.

@@Ericrueland007 Lowest cost locally*. You can't say it's x price in sunny regions and then say it is the lowest cost globally. Don't forget the part where solar isn't actually renewable and they bury the panels in the sand because their efficiency becomes worse and worse until they are simply unusable or break before that. I'm assuming you're assuming the efficiency of a new panel, which is never going to last for very long.

@@faramund9865 a car needs increasing maintenance to the point of not being worth the ongoing expense at 15 years or so.

Definitely - no problem. Regarding profitability a silicon fab makes most sense at regions with low-cost and high availability of electricity (often huge water power areas are choosen). For solar cell and solar module manufacturing no very specific ressource is needed.

@@Ericrueland007 are there any materials that could be at risk of not being available, due to wars or trade sanctions?

@@robertoguerra5375 silver is needed for the contacts in solar cells (front and backside). At the moment already app. 30% of silver is used of solar industry. With a tripling of manufacturing capacity it will be a limiting factor. But it is very likely, that alternative contacting methods using alternative metals (Ni, Cu) will be introduced into the industry.

It is the different cell technology used. Standard (traditional) solar cells are p-type. Using Boron for initial doping of the silicon - making the silicon wafer p-type (or with a majority of holes not electrons for conductivity). The phosphor is used to make the p/n-junction or diode in a standard cell. For n-type it is the opposite: the silicon wafer material is doped with phosphor and the layer is made of Boron doping. At the end: n-type is a bit more complicate to manufacture, but gives higher efficiencies. Therefore it seems to be the near future...

@@Ericrueland007 Thanks for your reply. I did a lots of study on it. Following are the advantage of using N-type over P-type cell. 1. LID losses will be 0.6% inplace of 2.2% . 2.Temperature derating losses are very low in N-type as compared to P-type cell. These results are based on final yield analysis report from PVsyst modelling software using Third party verified .Pan files.

The solar panel manufacturing is connected with the lowest invest needed. For a capacity of 100MW per year the invest for a solar module fab (you have to purchase the glass, laminate and solar cells) might be in the range of 15 Mio US $. on greenfield. But invest in solarmodule plants is just around 0,5 US$ per Watt installed. Giving a electricity cost of app. 0,05 US$ in sunny regions.

Bruganalla Subhan polycrystalline is better coz of more wattage per square meter but are costly.

@@bhanupratapsinghrathore7039 I'm afraid you have that backward: monocrystalline have an efficiency of about 22% whereas polycrystalline are about 16%. And monocrystalline are more expensive to produce.

Actually I do not recommend to produce a silicon solar cell as DIY project. You need chemical processing equipment and high T processes, which are not able to run DIY. Other low-efficiency concepts (like a dye sensiticed solar cell) are possible: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/Z52DprJ8qrSZlHk.html - but don't expect efficiencies > 5%.

@@Ericrueland007lot of thanks for your precious suggestion! you are right but actually the difficulty is that i have to use it in a circuit like on a breadboard i have to attach it and then to show that I can use my solar cell in a circuit as a voltage source and circuit is giving it's respective output so perfectly. And That's too much difficult with a DIY solar cell i think.

you might be right. But we wanted it "loud"...

It is quartz sand - not very special.

My email id jydppat23@gmail. com

you are right - quartz sand needs to be used. But this is by far not a seldom source.

@@Ericrueland007 It is, that's why chip prices are spiking, the silicon they are made out of is made from this same sand and the stuff is becoming much harder to come by ALREADY!

You can contact the equipment manufacturer in Europe or Asia, but the industry reached a level of maturity, where starting from zero is very tough to reach comparable manufacturing costs. The price for solar modules are at a level of 0,2 - 0,35 Euro / Watt. Producing 1 - 2 kWh/year reaching full levelized cost of energy of 0,02 - 0,08Euro/kWh - 100% competitive to all other sources of energy.

Well, it is correct. The production of solar cells and modules produce CO2 emmission. A scientific calculation shows: app. 50g of CO2 per kWh electricity. But coal produces 1.075 g of CO2 per kWh - that means a reduction by a factor of 20! source: www.ise.fraunhofer.de

Well, you could easily use solar electricity or solar produced Hydrgon for the processes. At the end it is important to understand: photovoltaics will produce more than 30 times the energy (from the sun) compared to the energy used for production of the solar module!

@@Ericrueland007 Yes I agree, we could but watch how expensive that SP will be in comparison to SP produced by cheap coal&FF energy. I'm not against SP or any green energy for that matter, I just believe we are being manipulated into believing how green energy is green! It's very hard to find carbon footprint info on SP or wind turbine etc. To some extend (debatable how much), green energy is just a big hoax!

@@kolobara08 on minute eleven, you can hear that it only takes 2 years of solar power to manufacture the same solar plant again. If the lifespan is 25 years… that means that you get 23 years of carbon-free energy.

Energy payback time is below 12 months. That means all solar electricity produced after 12 months is "solar plus" energy. A module can produce electricity for 25 to 30 years. You might need some energy storage, but no more fossile.

@@Ericrueland007 ok, how about powering the mining equipment and arc furnaces with solar power? why are you using fossil fuel powered equipment to produce this? Also, why isn’t aluminum produced from renewable, well more accurately solar power?

@@razadaza9651 Also, throw in the energy and CO2 emissions that goes into producing, transporting, and installing the equipment that is used in the silicon plant itself...not to mention the construction of the entire facility. We love the IDEA of renewable energy, but they (Environmental Extremist and deceptive politicians) don't promote the full story to the general public. It's up to the engineers and scientist to provide the reality check to the People.

Hi Amin - no, the electrons are inside the silicon. The sun (photons) carry energy, this energy is catched by the photons. Now the high-energy photons can "produce" the electricity... and are transported as currency through the cables of the solar module.

where are you based ? are you international yet ? nice video btw

Get your Chemistry Class First Boy

All materials needed are easy to purchase. Only running a profitable business is tough, as most Asian manufacturers have excellent COGS (cost of goods sold or manufacturing costs) and worldwide sales channels. Making solar electricity at the moment most competitive.

@@Ericrueland007 sir what is liquifide junks and?

sorry, I am seldom on the comments of youtube. Yes, please: eric.rueland@sunee-solar.de - if you are still interested.