Thank you so much. :) I actually dismissed the explanation about the loop to shorten the length of the video. Apparently it was a bad idea. So after calculating the impovement indices for all of the unused squares, we need to select the square with the most negative improvement index. And then we need to draw a loop for that square. Basically, we need to start at the square with the most negative improvement index, go out from that square and wisely make a loop that comes back to the exact same square. To draw the loop, there are several rules that we must stick to. The rules are as follows: 1. We can only move horizontally (right or left) or vertically (up or down). 2. We can only make a stop at a used square. 3. When we make a stop, in order to move again, we need to change the direction of our movement. (Meaning that if previously we move horizontally, and we stop, to move again, we need to move vertically). 4. We need to put plus and minus sign alternately at the square that we make a stop. (Beginning with plus sign at the initial square, that is the square with the most negative improvement index). I really hope this helps. :)

@@raihanazainordin3533 What if there are several possibilities to make squares, how do you decide which square to draw?

@@SirRenjie If there exist two squares with the same negative improvement index, you can choose either one to draw the loop.

@@raihanazainordin3533 And what if there are several valid figures to draw form the same starting point? For instance, if you are given the possibility to draw a square, a rectangle or even a bus like shape, how do you decide which shape of loop to draw?

@@SirRenjie the shape of a loop is unique.

You are welcome. All the best for your study, dear. :)

Thank you for the comment. I'll keep that in mind. :)

thank you so much. :)

Thank you.

Hello there! 😊 You are welcome.

You are welcome. Glad that it did. All the best to you!

Thank you.

You are welcome. :)

Happy Ramadan thanks again

You are welcome.

Thank you. Please scroll down below and find a comment I replied to explaining about the loop.

@@raihanazainordin3533 well I read the comment you are referring to and I understood what you explained about the way you draw the loop. Just to make sure I got this well, in your example, did you draw the loop from the square 100-8 to 100-5 because if you drew it to 200-3,you wouldn't be able to draw another line right or left? Thanks in advance.

@@TheMusicMyLife13 correct! :)

Thank you.

You are welcome. Glad that you understand. All the best for your final exam.

Unfortunately no, dear. I haven't made that video yet. Sorry.

@@raihanazainordin3533 oooh, okay Dr. and thank you so much for this video. mudah faham and sangat membantu 🥰😊

@@bgrfield you are welcome. but for maximization problem, the method is the same, cuma terbalik sikit saja dengan minimization, that is, for maximization, we reach optimal when all improvement indices are less than or equal to zero.

@@raihanazainordin3533 i seeee, faham Dr. thank you for the explanation hehe.

For minimization transportation problem, in order to be optimal, all improvement indices, I must be >= 0. For maximization transportation problem, in order to be optimal, all improvement indices must be

The values of all Rs and Ks are different at a new table because the location of used squares has changed. All Rs and Ks must be calculated again at each new table.

@@raihanazainordin3533 so are u saying the changes was as a result of that -1 so it was added to k3 and deducted from R3

my pleasure.

Yes dummy cells must be considered too in drawing loops.

@@raihanazainordin3533 Thakyou so much for ur valuable reply mam😍😍 but there's one more confusion in my mind...is it relevant to minimize transportation cost by supplying the goods in dummy shells(markets ) through looping?? .....as dummy markets don't have real existence too.... Plz rescue me from this one more confusion🙏🙏 Plz reply mam🙏🙏

@@avayaniroula7596 yes it is relevant. It's part of the steps. Dummy column/row is for unbalanced problem. For unbalanced problem, we do need to assign items to dummy column/row because there will be excess/shortage items. You can watch my video on solving an unbalanced transportation problem. :)

@@raihanazainordin3533 thankyou so much mam for ur valuable time and reply😍😍...I'll obviously watch ur next video😊😊 plz provide video link😊

@@avayaniroula7596 you are welcome. :)

For minimization problem, all the indices must be greater than or equal to zero (positive) in order for the problem to be optimal.

Yes you are totally right. I purposely dismissed the explanation about the loop because of time constraint of the video. Maybe I'll improve it next time. Thanks for the feedback! :)

you can choose either one.

yes we do.

thanks@@raihanazainordin3533

A loop does not necessarily have to be a square. Please read my explanation on how to make a loop in the pinned message.

@@raihanazainordin3533 i see

@@raihanazainordin3533 how about, if the loops not ve right angle, like inclined connection btw cells?

You are welcome.

5 is obtained from the previous used square 0+K2=5, hence K2=5.

Draw loop at the square with the most negative improvement index. For example, if there are -2 and -8, choose -8.

@@raihanazainordin3533 thanks you so much for the fast reply! May Allah bless you Dr, Amiin

Yes, true.

@@raihanazainordin3533 thank youu so much dr. May He bless you. Really understand with all of your explanation ❤️

you mean, where did K3=0 come from? it came from the last used square R3+K3=3. R3=3, K3 is unknown, so we have 3+K3=3, thus, K3=0. this was explained at minute 2:50.

You are welcome.

You are welcome. Thank you for the prayer. :)

I apologize. I was still new at this recording thing back then. I did not even have the right recording gear and equipment.

Waalaikumussalam. Yes correct. The first table (the one that we obtained using northwest corner method) is the initial solution.

@@raihanazainordin3533 jadi kita tk perlu buat MODI kan madam?

@@raihanazainordin3533 contoh soalan tu, dia kate. “By using solution, solve The transportation problem.” So just northwest corner method jer kan?

@@fakhrulhafiz4786 "by using solution" sounds wrong. Did you mean "by using initial solution"? But "solve the transportation problem" means you need to solve the whole thing, from initial to optimal solution.

@@raihanazainordin3533 ouhhh. Okey madam. Tq so much madam. Hahaha. Sye harap madam berjaya dunia akhir Amin. Tq again madam.

you are welcome.