The challenges of building habitats on Mars are immense, but the potential rewards are even greater. We've actually added colonists to our game, so you can get a taste of what living on Mars might be like. Pretty cool, right?

Recommend adding an option that repurposes Starships (including oxygen and methane tanks) as a building. This maximizes mass transfer to Mars, with the engines being the main mass waste. (Of course, they could be detached for reuse and stockpiled.) This would provide a 9mX50m building ... a lot of space.

A future so bright you can barely see it.

Seems prudent that we should land a Starship on Mars whose cargo is enough fuel to fuel another crewed Starship to get that Starship back to orbit where it can refuel and get back to Earth or to orbiting "MarsStation" in orbit.

If we can make a satellite constellation such as Starlink, doing the same on Mars could be possible but also equipping the satellites with an electromagnetic shield projector thus the sum of all the satellites would make for a planetary shield to protect it from radiation so we could eventually terraform Mars. Maybe the idea is too advanced for now, but maybe in the future it will be possible.

Noctis Labyrinthus is ideal because it's in the extreme western end of Valles Marineris and near the equator with a giant relict glacier (dust-covered) which is recipe-ready for extracting water. The Valles is 7km/4mi. deep there, so the air pressure is as good as you'll get outside of the Hellas basin (8km/5mi deep). Not only do the valley walls provide good radiation protection, but you get the thicker air and the warmer equatorial climate, too. (At this pressure, water can exist in a liquid state from 0° to 10°C or 32 to 50°F.) Additionally, the relative proximity of the Tharsis region with all it's skylights and lava tubes which are also good candidates for habitation. Very nice reporting! All good wishes.

There are many volunteers willing to make a one way trip to Mars. Crews returning to Earth requires significant technology

Can make a tent from a parachute 😮 with fire 🔥 and wood floors 😊

Nice reporting.

Very interesting.

This is amazing i cannot believe ive lived long enough to see colonization of mars,i knew it would happen again....

Some of the news on this channel can Occasionally B 3RD OR 12TH Hand.. But i still Watch anyway. . this Narrator ..i don't mind at all. BUT Everytime i hear his voice..it invokes the Memory of the: Seinfeld EP: (The Rabbi with loose lips) oh Elaine..

Sierra space bought out Bigelow when he went bankrupt. And the latest test shows it'll hold an internal pressure of 73psi more then double NASA requirements. It'll be easy to simulate the Earth's14.5 psi atmosphere on Mars in inflatable habitats.

Thank you!

The boring company's tunneling rigs will fit within the starship, and tunneling on Mars will provide the compressed lego building bricks showcased years ago.

Hows the segment going to work in Mars

Thanks great video 👍👍

Everything works fine in CGI...

If we want to thrive on mars we need to sadly pollute it, we need to make ships that are powered by nuclear so by the time we land we'll have a strong power source on the planet including if something goes wrong. By the time we start mining the ice caps we can start using hydrogen to heat and power as we start expanding. We also need to combine video game consoles with hyper simulated computing to run simulations and to keep the martians sane

There are many places you can try to stick an inflatable habitat, but I don't think they will really shine at all tasks. I think one thing missed here is the ability to have inflatable hangers / workshops for building bigger things in space. While you take time to address radiation shielding, I think the place these will really shine is in LEO where the Earth provides some protection already. If you really want good radiation shielding, you start to lose the advantages of inflatable habitats. Here is the thing. You look at Starship and really its big thing is going to be getting into LEO effectively. We use chemical propulsion to get into space from Earth because it is the only thing that we have succeeded at doing the job so far to date. I am not saying it will be the only thing ever, but Starship is a major overhaul of chemical propulsion likely leading to the penultimate state of rocketry into LEO. However, space extends far beyond LEO. It turns out we have other ways to get beyond LEO than chemical rockets and many of those ways are a lot better than chemical rockets. So while some my say, stick Starship everywhere because it can get into space, well the natural order of things is to try, fail, and scale back on this tech as other technologies prove to be better suited for the task. I think the thing a lot of people don't understand is just how hard of a problem it is to go into space and then move around space, especially if say you want to move people around quickly and especially if you want to be able to return to Earth. You try this with chemical and either you don't make it because you can't figure out a way to get the acceleration you need to do the job or you make it a one way trip in very cramped corridors because it took an insane amount of propellant and rocket engines and multiple stages / piles of expensive rocket launches to do it at all for that cramped, no frills one way trip. What it would actually take to make it back to Earth is just out of reach when it was so insanely inefficient and so close to the edge of not being doable at all to go just one way. At this over 50 years after reaching the Moon in a cramped 2 person capsule after blasting off in a 33 ft wide giant flying skyscraper of a rocket, we are still a ways away from attempting to land people on Mars due in large part to the problems of trying to do it with chemical propulsion. So no, I don't see Starship as the answer to going to Mars even with orbital refueling. I see more advanced space based propulsion, which we have many options to choose from, as the answer. So moving more back to what you will use on Mars, at best maybe the inflatable habitat is an airtight "inner tube" that can be made and tested on Earth and then an "outer tire" will be built on Mars around it to protect you as you touch on. It doesn't really make sense to try to build a lot of protection into an inflatable habitat as at the very least this is a lot of mass to haul around. The big thing an inflatable habitat is going to shine at is providing a lot of space that is airtight without consuming a lot of space and mass inside of a rocket. I see this more of a stepping stone as you are going to start with basically nothing on Mars beyond what flies on those initial rockets and definitely not the tools nor human expertise to be building airtight structures on Mars. Everything that cannot be autonomously constructed by the initial robots sent to Mars is going to have to be built and tested on Earth and validated for human use before being shipped to Mars. Otherwise all you got is the near vacuum of the surface of Mars to work with, which is instant death. If you can get a sizable human presence on Mars to the point where you can gather the resources in-situ and build airtight structures, I think the big thing are going to be cylindrical towers, especially wide ones that somewhat minimize surface area. Here is the thing with this. How many people live underground, at least outside of the war zone of Ukraine? Nobody. That is terrible for human mental health. Even the first American astronauts vetoed the first space capsules and refused to ride them until the engineers went back to the drawing board and designed windows into the capsules. I think the same is going to hold for telling people to live underground on Mars because "it is safer". No, people are not going to do that. So, as you start building bigger structures on Mars, the natural thing to do, especially with 1/3rd of Earth's gravity, is to do something we do a lot here on Earth, build up into skyscrapers. The thing with skyscrapers on Earth is everyone wants a nice view and you can get spectacular views from a skyscraper. However, on Earth you are not worried about pressurization and the towers are not designed for self sustaining human life. Instead everything flows in and out of the skyscraper in terms of supporting human life and the skyscrapers are thin so everyone can have a view. On Mars, that pressurized cylinder is going to have thick shielding around it, it is going to have all of this support stuff in there, including things like vertical warehouse farms that run on a bunch of grow lights as that is far more effective than say having a glass dome that is heavily shielded on top and thus little light makes it through the thick shielding, and it is going to have other life support systems in it that don't actually need any windows. So then you have people living and working more along the outer shell of the cylinder with windows looking out to the Martian landscape and then this big interior space with everything you need to sustain life inside of that structure. In other words, basically a fat cylinder. This is what I come up with for the preferred way to live on Mars. Granted, maybe you stick a glass dome on top and put a park there so people can "got outside and sunbath" or "play at the park" or what have you, but that would be the real use of a glass dome, mental health and quality of life, not "I am trying to grow food here" because the latter is just much better done indoors with grow lights.

Achieve this in Antarctica then, try it on the Moon and then we can talk ...

We should first build some test habitats out near death valley, and have people live in them, grow food, recycle, and see how that works out after a year or two..

Gosh,if Mars had Air,fertile soil,adequate sunlight,and wasn't blasted by radiation, dust storms and a climate that wasn't minus 100 degrees.. I still wouldn't go there!!😂😂😂

Vilos Cohaagen could not be reached for comment.

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Balloon habitats under ground, in a volcanic tunnel, or under a regolith lavacrete canopy is the best way to start off on Mars, the moon, or any celestial body unlike earth.

Building Shells would be much easier, if needed at all inside the lava tubes.

So how solve the recycle problem,hmmm

1 minut fac siua pe marte egel Gabriel Bursann

If nasa isn't doing it then no way in hell I'm trusting a business

The best bet to Colonise Mars is to go underground, this would mitigate a lot of potential issues.

Since we must live underground on Mars because Earth will soon become unlivable I just have to ask, why can't we live underground back on Earth?

I thought Bigelow Aerospace is out of business?

Didn't Bigelow Aerospace shut down?

The proponents of bio-diversity tell us how important insects are in life's chain. When we go to Mars will we bring roaches and flies and the spiders that are always making webs across our garden paths so we encounter them each morning? OK I know spiders are not insects but you get the idea. Are the egg-heads (scientists) planning to introduce any insects to Mars?

Of course we can build human habitats on Mars. Just not yet. If people like Elon Musk keep pushing the boundaries of creativity, we may be ready for that in the next three decades or so. Bear in mind that just over 120 years ago, we travelled by horse drawn carriages. Today we can fly across the planet in less than 20 hours. And we have machines that are already on Mars right now as we speak. Our technological progress has been genuinely rapid over the past millennium and half. Although we don't quite have the technology to build safe, habitable habitats suitable for another planet, or the transportation means to get humans and their habitat building materials and machines to Mars right now, enormous strides and progress have been made in this area. One thing is for sure. Those of us that shall be fortunate enough to live until the 2060s will witness a trully momentous period in human history, as humans from planet Earth 🌏 actually set their feet down on another planet for the very first time in human history. What a time to be alive!

With 98% CO2, the heat on Mars must be horrible :-)

Practicalities glossed over - manufacture/production of breathable air, water and food...I'm no scientist but these three considerations have always been the stumbling block for me with regard to any ET exploration or colonisation. Remember also, unless I've missed something, we still haven't adequately addressed even such long known issues as the problem of the abrasive capabilities of moon dust on suits such as those worn in the 70s...

AGREEMENT ON JOINT EXPLORATION OF MARS BY CHINA, THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA This Agreement on the Joint Exploration of Mars (hereinafter referred to as the "Agreement") is concluded between the Chinese National Space Administration (hereinafter referred to as "KNKA"), the National Aerospace Administration of the United States (hereinafter referred to as "NASA"), and the Russian Space Agency (hereinafter referred to as "RKA"), hereinafter referred to as the "Parties", and together - "Sides". Article 1. The purpose of the study 1.1 The Parties agree to implement a joint Mars exploration program in order to expand knowledge about the planet and the possibility of developing its resources. 1.2 The joint research will be carried out on the basis of respect for international space norms and rules, as well as taking into account the protection of the interests of all Parties. Article 2. Obligations of the Parties 2.1 The KNCA, NASA and the RCA commit to provide all necessary resources for the joint exploration of Mars, including information, technical and financial support. 2.2 Each Party undertakes to provide the research team with its own specialists to ensure the fulfillment of their tasks. 2.3 The Parties agree to the exchange of scientific data and research results during the entire period of the program. Article 3. Financial conditions 3.1 The financing of the program is carried out at the expense of funds allocated by each of the Parties on the basis of a clear and understandable budget plan. 3.2 Each Party is responsible for its own expenses related to the research, as well as ensures the fulfillment of financial obligations according to the agreed schedule. Article 4. Program management 4.1 Elon Musk, the head of SpaceX, is appointed head of the organization responsible for the implementation of specific stages of Mars exploration. 4.2 Elon Musk undertakes to coordinate the work between the Parties, monitor the implementation of the tasks set and present the overall results of the study. Article 5. Confidentiality 5.1 The Parties undertake not to disclose confidential information related to the Mars exploration program to third parties without the prior consent of all Parties. 5.2 Confidentiality does not apply to information that has become publicly available, as well as to cases where disclosure is necessary to fulfill obligations under this Agreement or is required in accordance with applicable law. Article 6. Duration of the Contract 6.1 The Agreement comes into force from the moment of its signing and remains in force for five years. 6.2 If it is necessary to extend the research program, the Parties may agree on such an extension in writing. Article 7. Final provisions 7.1 Any changes and additions to this Agreement may be made only by mutual agreement and must be made in writing. 7.2 This Agreement is drawn up in English in three copies, one for each of the Parties. 7.3 By signing this Agreement, each of the Parties confirms its willingness and intention to cooperate in the framework of joint exploration of Mars and recognize the obligation arising from the terms of the Agreement. ------------------------- Signed: For the Chinese National Space Administration: ____________________ Date: _______________ For the National Aerospace Administration of the USA: ______________________ Date: _______________ For the Russian Space Agency: ______________________________ Date: _______________

Youll still need to shield against the severe radiation, I wouldnt trust a thin balloon. I would bury them in regolith.

Are you telling me since the radiation is closer? Do they think that it would be easier to get cancer if you live on Mars?

Can we REALLY build Mars habitats? Of course we can. We can also die tragically and slowly on live TV. Any person or corporation that doesn't build a torus space station first is doomed in my opinion. Give the astronauts the simulated Earth gravity and a TON of problems disappear. A Stanford torus station (a la Gateway LLC's lofty ideals) can be stationed in stationary orbit around Mars. Dropships can carry scientists or colonists down to the surface and then back. Staying ON the surface would present problems quickly. An orbiting station would largely mitigate the 240-300 mSv radiation they'd accumulate on the planet. Lowered operational costs (a la Space X and private commercial groups) could increase the rotation OUT of Mars contracts.... like pilots being limited by increased exposure to radiation... the Mars orbiters and colonists would just rotate out. The biggest concern I have is the time frame in which Elon plans to achieve so many of the things he aims at. I get the feeling he's all too aware of his own mortality and short lifespan. He wants to achieve this before he dies.... that means 2040ish.... anything beyond that and it'll be too close or he'll be too far removed from the industry to be credited with it.

With current technology it's not economical viable to have a colony on Mars besides some Crew missions. And even if in terms of logistics was viable, those shelter habitats would be preferably built underground.

1 minut fac nopte pe marte egel Gabriel

Looks like trillions of dollars to do this. where is that coming from? starlink?

hmmm. i think it's just as well elon seems to have a bottomless pit of money, cos as with all human endeavors i bet, i BET there will be a whole swathe of unforeseen problems. don't get me wrong, i'm 69 and i really hope elon has given me the slim chance of going to another planet myself before i croak (hurry up david sinclair on that note) and i really want us to get to a stage where earth can be evacuated and become a pure nature reserve, i just think it won't go exactly to plan. spaceX has been great at turning disasters into successes, and i hope that keeps up, and i hope they never run out of money (i wonder, if kennedy had said "we choose to go to the moon, twice a day" if he could have made that happen.)

"Colonizers"? Don't you mean "Colonists"?

There are plenty of elements on Mars to build a Colony. The ground is absolutely covered with oxides, that can be converted to oxygen, there is already plenty of co2 there. So what the hell are you talking about?

Before asking how we colonise Mars, let's ask the more basic question: Why? There is no rational self interest for a human being that derives from living on Mars long term. So why are we even talking about colonies (apart from the intellectual exercise)? There's plenty of things here on Earth that we might be able to do, but we don't do, because nobody benefits. It might be feasible, but it aint worth doing. Sure, Mars might be fun to visit. We might collectively benefit from the challenge of reaching Mars and exploring it. But can someone tell me how an individual human being benefits from living on Mars (not visiting)? One thing he or she cannot get from remaining on Earth? Again, we're talking about living there long term, not visiting. I ask this questions many, many times and I get static. No one can answer it. Save deflections onto benefits that derive purely from visiting, or exploration. Why are we so obsessed? Can we not engage in sensible but limited exploration and accept that it's ok to fantasise about colonies even if in reality there is no rational, personal, benefit? And therefore it will not happen.

I want to know what happens when the Americans get there first, followed promptly by Russia and China. Everyone sticks their flag into 'their' patch of Mars. How long before the first Martian war?. I give them like a month at best =/

I am exceedingly disappointed in videos like this. Not that this one was badly done, on the contrary. But missing a critical point is glaring. Our survival against solar and cosmic radiation will depend on seeking shelter within accessible Mars lava tubes. Now, that comes with its own challenges. We are decades away from developing the AI and robotics needed to discover, explore and map out these tubes. Maybe even a generation away from this. The robotics and AI needed for these tubes must be able to not only explore and map out the tubes, but clear the tube floors of debris and then level them in order to prepare the surfaces for the LIFE habitat inflation(s). Somehow, I am having trouble picturing Mars explorers in full space suits pushing around shovels full of regolith to get this necessary job done. Granted, these tubes may eventually be deemed unsafe for human habitats, but we need to explore them to see if they are at least a possibility. Having spoken with a friend of a friend at Sierra Space, they admit that the LIFE modules may not be sufficient in the long term to block the radiation for those within. The tubes can either make or break early exploratory missions. I believe leaving them out of the equation, is a disservice to the topic.

So let me get this straight: you want to immigrate to a lifeless world, with near vacuum conditions and no significant resources (short of melting the odd -80 ice lake somewheres for a bit of H2, O2 and good ole' H2O). On top of that, there is the unrelenting cosmic + daytime solar ionizing radiations, weak sunlight and regular duststorms (even at 20 mm atm press.). I would want to spent vast sums of cash to go there why? Vending SPACEX real-work missions (satellite-lofting) isn't going to do it. Now understand, I am a scientist, but I see my robots doing a perfectly good job right now without harming myself ( much like my lab's mechanical arms do a great job in our nuclear hot cells). What is it you're selling me? sorry but most of those who want to go on a life-ender trip cannot even afford the fare!

The last Mars rover, which was unmanned, cost 2.7 billion which includes the 80 million flying drone, that's a good deal. Now put into context getting maned flights to Mars along with everything needed to survive (not) 100 billion, 200 billion, all the time our own little blue world is being destroyed, some of which will the result of all the construction of the material wasted on a Mars dream. Don't forget Mars wants to kill those there a 100 different ways.