STM32 Tutorial - Bootloader That Can Update And Jump To Multiple Applications

Рет қаралды 41,397

Күн бұрын

0:00 - Introduction
0:29 - What is a Bootloader?
1:32 - Explaining Flash Memory partitions
2:23 - Explaining Hardware Changes and Wiring
4:40 - Jump Mode Demonstration (Application 1)
5:51 - Jump Mode Demonstration (Application 2)
6:18 - Explaining That the Bootloader runs only until it jumps to an Application
6:48 - Erasing Application 1 with my custom STM32 Flasher
8:02 - With no Application the bootloader signalizes an SOS error
8:50 - Flashing Application 1 back to the STM32
11:16 - How to make your own Bootloader (Abstract Level)
14:19 - Explaining the jump function
16:07 - A correct way to de-initialize all peripherals
17:23 - Explaining the Bootloader project in STM32CubeIDE
29:02 - Explaining Application 1 in STM32CubeIDE
33:16 - Explaining Application 2 in STM32CubeIDE
34:19 - Caution!!! What if you forget to set up a Vector Table and a Linker?
35:43 - Java application: STM32 Flasher
41:17 - Some final words and advices for this tutorial
Source code available on my GitHub: github.com/viktorvano/STM32-B...

Пікірлер: 143

@muhammadfouadalharoon8139 2 жыл бұрын

This effort is really appreciated !! It was like a myth to me, as to how a bootloader does the erasing and writing operations on the flash memory, with no "wires", or "electrical current" as far as I know when using a JTAG or ISP methods in general. Really thank you so much.

@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you. Glad to hear that :)

@MrHD71 3 жыл бұрын

I dont know why you don't have 100k subscribers. Seriously keep up the good work!

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks a lot, good to hear that.

@rick_er2481 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you for this video, we need more of these videos on embedded / stm32, subscribed!

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you, I appreciate it.

@javib8970 3 жыл бұрын

I managed to code my first canbus bootloader with your help mister, youre the one

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

That's good to hear that it was useful :)

@rick_er2481 2 жыл бұрын

Amazing wanted to try the same, can you share your code?

@javib8970 2 жыл бұрын

@@rick_er2481 i can´t its propietary code now. (security stuff) but i could maybe give you pointers. Where are you stuck at?

@huynhhoangha7751 3 жыл бұрын

It runs greatttttt!!!! Thank you so so much for all specific documents + video. :)

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Glad to hear that :)

@brunofernandes9002 3 жыл бұрын

Congratulations!!! Very, Very Good! I tested here and works very fine! I don't used USB com port for download. I have used ST-Link V2 and ignored the USB code lines. It works very fine too. Thank you!

@entangleer 2 ай бұрын

How you did sir, I think if you use ST-Link V2 to do that it always flash your code at 0x08000000. If you did something in the please let me know I also want to try that.

@DELPITEC 3 жыл бұрын

Wow! This video is perfect. Congratulations for the great job!

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you. I appreciate it.

@DELPITEC 3 жыл бұрын

Why and how write on Embedded SRAM as boot space (boot0 == 1 && boot1 == 1)? I cant imagine this situation.

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

@@DELPITEC What do you mean? I do NOT use boot0 at all in this tutorial nor in bootloader. I use only boot1 which is a standard GPIO pin (PB2).

@DELPITEC 3 жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano Yes! I would like to know If do you imagine any situation for store bootloader in SRam?

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

@@DELPITEC not in scope of this tutorial.

@AzlanIkram Жыл бұрын

very comprehensive explanation 👍

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

Thank you.

@yannkergutuil1344 3 жыл бұрын

ohhhh thanks man that was exactly what i was looking for, on top of that i wasn't sure if upload a bootloader at 0x08000000 (and keep the original bootloader which is not unerasable i think) and have the rest of the memory splitted in two (for two application or 2 firmware with different update) was a good approach... You definitly convince me that i was right ! thanks a lot man

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Good to hear that. Thank you.

@yuriyv7312 Жыл бұрын

Great explanation, thanks!

@mahmoudkotb2233 Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much for this great tutorial.

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

You are welcome.

@sridharamoorthys5700 3 жыл бұрын

Really great explanation.. Thanks

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

You are welcome.

@vambans2412 2 жыл бұрын

thank you so much, Great tutorial

@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you, I appreciate it :)

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Even if you try to flash an application to the wrong partition, you can try out that the application on the STM32 crashes. For example when you flash the App1.bin onto the partition for App2, the STM32 application will get stuck on HAL_Delay(time); or any interrupt.

@muhammedimdaad 3 жыл бұрын

this is where I was stuck. I was toggling an LED but it didn't toggle. Delay was infinite. you saved me. thank you

@iforce2d Жыл бұрын

Great explanation, thank you! 21:56 you're using the length of the received buffer to determine if the data is a flash write command, but is there any guarantee that CDC_Receive_FS events will always correspond to the same buffer lengths as the calls on the sending side? For example, 4 bytes might arrive as two separate calls of 2 bytes... maybe. 27:07 the condition dataToFlash == readWord(address), shouldn't that be an inequality test? (ie. != ).

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

That eual sign was a bug and it was fixed :) Well this was my weekend project so simplicity is there because of the short development time and for an easy explanation. :)

@rockpadstudios 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks for the code - much appreciated

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

You are welcome.

@achalasamapriya2701 2 жыл бұрын

awesome as always.by the way can you do a tutorial on an encrypted bootloader for the same chip ?? would be really helpful

@roymoran1151 11 ай бұрын

Thank you Viktor.

@ViktorVano 11 ай бұрын

You are welcome.

@danieldominguez8135 9 ай бұрын

I think maybe you could have scripted the video to make it more precise. There are several key points missing or that maybe you tocuhed very quickly. That been said, your contribution is amazing! Thank you for the big effort! It really helped me achieve what I intended.

@ViktorVano 9 ай бұрын

Thanks. I was still learning making a content. I grew since then.

@vietnamnguyen9843 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks for your video

@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын

You are welcome. I am glad, that it was useful.

@aliamardhiah8569 Жыл бұрын

Hi i used interrupt in both programs to receive from uart2 but, after switching to another application, the interrupt is not called. I've deinitialise HAL program as a whole. Is there other solution?

@Tomo19822 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks on video! I have a one question though, from the bootloaderInit() function how do you move to executing the code which actually handles flashing via USB? Because I can see that you set the flashMode, blink LED 10 times and finally enable USB. where as rest of the code in bootloaderInit() is applicable for JumpMode. Then once main() is done with bootlaoderInit() which has set flashMode there is an execution of endless empty loop. So I'm failing to understand how is the code which handles flashing (I guess this is your messageHandler()) invoked further?

@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын

Once USB is enabled (just GPIO with a 1.5K resistor connected to D+ pin) then this function in "usbd_cdc_if.c" can respond to incoming USB messages. github.com/viktorvano/STM32-Bootloader/blob/master/STM32F103C8T6_Bootloader/USB_DEVICE/App/usbd_cdc_if.c#L260

@sumichalek 12 күн бұрын

Pomohlo, ďakujem.

@Ma_X64 19 күн бұрын

Флэшер на джаве. ОМГ) Мусье знает толк в извращениях)

@MM-ri2ex Жыл бұрын

In the bootloader, do you do anything to modify the interrupt vector table. Is there an interrupt vector offset register that is set prior to jumping to the application? How will the MCU know to go to the vector tables of each application?

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

Yes, it is mentioned in the tutorial and in the Readme file on the GitHub project page.

@fatih_basaris 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent...

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you

@sanjeevpatelsanjeevpatel4295 Жыл бұрын

awesome, your effort is really appreciated. can you make a video to update the firmware using ble ?

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

Thanks. Glad to hear that. I am busy last months having a full time job and a research project. If you understand this tutorial, you can make any bootloader.

@TakenYoBacon 10 ай бұрын

Hello, thank you for your video. I have a question about sending the .bin file in an application. In my case I have to send and flash 8 bytes at a time - could you suggest a good way to deal with the bytes that don't factor into 8 to send? Should I pad the doubleWord with a certain value? Thank you

@ViktorVano 10 ай бұрын

26:03 In my code I assumed that if I receive 4 bytes, then it is a word to flash. You can have similar approach. And a bootloader should work as a state machine. So when you start sending your data, you should have set the MCU to unlocked flash with erased memory. In your case you just want to send 8 bytes or 64 bit word, so just check if you have received 8 bytes and how many double-Words are remaining to flash. See lines 270 to 273 and the whole function at the line 260.

@mahdidjennad3766 2 ай бұрын

hi, I hope you are well, I have a project to do which is to retrieve a binary file from github using the sim7600 then flash it into the stm32f446re flash memory and execute it, for example in 0x8002000 how to do it Please.thank's

@oussamabelhedi7978 3 жыл бұрын

good job!!

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you. You are welcome.

@huseyinhilmicelebi1364 3 жыл бұрын

good video viktor , thank you for you share details... only I expected you use as "xmodem" packet protocol

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks. I wanted to keep it simple, not kill my audience with a lot of knowledge.

@huseyinhilmicelebi1364 3 жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano yes , you are right.

@MrYuriGu 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! Do you have the experience writing a bootloader for external QSPI Nor Flash, to implement XiP?

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Hi, I have made a bootloader in the past that flashes the internal FLASH from the SD card from a binary file.

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

You are welcome.

@harishankar8976 Жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano will you please tell me an idea to create bootloader using external flash memory with spi, thank you.

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

@@harishankar8976 Do you mean to Flash a new Firmware from an SD card to the internal Flash of the STM32? Or do you mean something else?

@harishankar8976 Жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano yeah similar to that ,first save the new firmware to external flash memory through any wireless communication(OTA) after that I need to flash the stm32 with the new firmware in exterrnal flash

@shayanqezelbash831 4 ай бұрын

hey there,what is the difference between using boot pins and writing a uart program which write the data on the flash and jumps to the user application ?

@ViktorVano 4 ай бұрын

I designed it that way. I wanted a hardware pin so it will jump immediately. I was considering a software solution to jump or switch to flash mode, but there should have been a several second timeout for that flash command and after that it would jump.

@shayanqezelbash831 4 ай бұрын

@@ViktorVano thank you 🙏

@Obama6464 2 жыл бұрын

What if I wanted to do this bootloader and application over the air (OTA) instead of JTAG? How would you approach that?

@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын

I am not using JTAG, but USB configured as a Virtual COM Port. You just need to move the communication part to a different peripheral. If your communication is not transparent, then you will need to do more parsing in order to get the clean message that was sent.

@antoinenauzet1568 Жыл бұрын

Hello, thank you for this work! I have one question. In the tutorial, you assume that you know that application 1 will be loaded at 0x0800 5000 add application 2 will be loader at 0x0800 A800. So you adjust the VECTOR_TABLE_OFFSET. Imagine that you do not know if the application will be write by the bootloader at 0x0800 5000 or at 0x0800 A800 during update. So booth adresses could be used to start the application. Do you have a solution where the VECTOR_TABLE_OFFSET could be dynamically changed?

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

I remember that this tutorial inspired someone to do exactly that. He mentioned it in these comments. I am on my phone now.

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

I have pinned that comment.

@antoinenauzet1568 Жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano Yes indeed I just saw it. It even do more than what I want. In my case, I would like to just have choice between two adresses, not all of them. But I should find the wanted information. Thank you

@samuelkacej6991 2 жыл бұрын

Great video, I have question how to do it without setting If I want to flash new firmware without physically touching device (No pressing reset, and no changing BOOT pin). From flasher (desktop app) I need to send request about flashing. After receiving this request current application will deinitialize and jumps to bootloader (or do NVIC_SystemReset()). In my mind comes two ways how to inform bootloader about flashing request. 1. Before deinitialization of App write in flash memory bite representing flashing request, then bootloader will send acknowledge to flasher. (I think this is not the best way to solve this) 2. Flasher will be in periodic interval sending flash request, and bootloader will wait >2 (I think 5 is OK) periods of that interval. If it receives request, it’s sent acknowledge and flashing procedure can begin. Otherwise, it jumps to App. Downside of this approach is longer booting time. Do you think second approach is OK, or there will be some problems?

@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you. I wanted to keep this tutorial easy and understandable. I was even considering putting a jump function to each application, so if it a flash query from the computer, it will jump back to the bootloader (or just resets the STM) and the bootloader will receive the second flash query from the flasher app. Similar to the second point. But the point of this video was to provide the knowledge. It just means that you have understood the tutorial and you can change it as you want to :)

@samuelkacej6991 2 жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano Yea, I understand that you want to keep it as simple as possible (and I am thankful for that). I was asking more about what you would recommend, so now I know that second approach is OK. Thanks for your answer, I appreciate it. It’s nice that you answer to comments 10 moths after video release.

@hasithapathirage3830 3 жыл бұрын

Can you do a video on FOTA with a stm32 and a gsm/gprs modem

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

I have made this tutorial, where I explained that how it works, so you can get an inspiration from this to make your own Bootloader.

@incxxxx Ай бұрын

So, to use mcu in the same way as you I have to connect PB3 with R10 resistor ???

@ViktorVano Ай бұрын

Yes, exactly as in the readme of my repository.

@incxxxx Ай бұрын

@@ViktorVano But I see that you moved R10 to one end of the solder bridge (leaving the other one free) and then soldered to PB3. Am I right?

@ViktorVano Ай бұрын

@@incxxxx yes, as you say. It is because of USB connection control. With that PB3 and the resistor I can connect and disconnect the USB communication with a PC.

@electroniel 3 ай бұрын

What should be done for STM32F4?

@ViktorVano 3 ай бұрын

Similar steps, maybe some lines of core will be different, because it is a more complex family, but you need to check the documentation for that.

@khajit2412 3 жыл бұрын

Hello, I have a question. I can't find anywhere, how to make sure that bootloader is indeed on address 0x8000000. I set offset to make the start of the application on 0x8008000 since I need 28 kB. Does that mean that the bootloader is on 0x08008000? In other case, how to I make sure that bootloader will be on adress 0x8000000 - 0x8007FFF? Thank you!

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Bootloader does not need offset. A bootloader should be at the beginning of the Flash memory. You just need to set its maximum flash size. So you only need to modify the linker file "FLASH.ld file". And 0x8000 is 32kB (32768). Do not change a vector table offset for bootloader! You need to modify it like this to 32kB (max bootloader size): /* Memories definition */ MEMORY { RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 20K FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8000000, LENGTH = 32K /*64K*/ } Only other firmwares (applications) need to change both vector table offset and flash offset. Everything should be in the readme file: github.com/viktorvano/STM32-Bootloader

@yannkergutuil1344 3 жыл бұрын

How do you upload your code to STM? Personnaly i use STM32Programmer which allow to erase full chip or particular sector and also allow to define the adress where you want to write your binary =) I don't know if it's possible in STM32CubeIDE

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

@@yannkergutuil1344 STM32CubeIDE can upload your "code" (binary) to the specific location as it is defined in the linker file. When I have a bin file "laying around" and I want to upload flash manually to the specific location I use "STM32 ST-Link Utility". Regarding this tutorial: In this tutorial I have created my custom STM32 flasher app in Java, but it is the STM32's custom bootloader that controls where to save the binary contents.

@yannkergutuil1344 3 жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano ok cool, i'm pretty ignorant with this linker file. I think that i've read somewhere that STM32Prorgammer replaces ST-Link Utility. I actually coding my STM32 flasher in C++/Qt and the purpose of my bootloader is to be fully programmable through USB (erase, flash, select partition, restart, ect...)

@joaquinlagetejo7596 Жыл бұрын

@@yannkergutuil1344 Hello, I've been trying to do the same thing, programm my STM32 through USB so I can avoid using STLink or a TTL to USB conector. I was wondering if you could do it finally? Thank you

@rick_er2481 2 жыл бұрын

do you maybe know a good book on microcontrollers bootloaders? thanks

@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын

No, I just learned this over the years. I participated at some STMicroelectronics trainings.

@rick_er2481 2 жыл бұрын

Very nice! STM their web course? Or at like a course via a company? Need to find time myself, learning by doing my own project will work the best. Thank you again for your video's and git repos

@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын

@@rick_er2481 I went to their trainings physically to Prague, Munich and Bratislava.

@rick_er2481 2 жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano wow that's awesome, going to check if they have them in the Netherlands

@mate2logica 2 жыл бұрын

Why i have error: multiple definition of 'flashStatus'? i am compiler in stm32idecube

@mate2logica 2 жыл бұрын

"A common mistake in C is omitting extern when declaring a global variable in a header file. If the header is included by several files it results in multiple definitions of the same variable. In previous GCC versions this error is ignored. GCC 10 defaults to -fno-common, which means a linker error will now be reported. To fix this, use extern in header files when declaring global variables, and ensure each global is defined in exactly one C file. If tentative definitions of particular variables need to be placed in a common block, __attribute__((__common__)) can be used to force that behavior even in code compiled without -fcommon. As a workaround, legacy C code where all tentative definitions should be placed into a common block can be compiled with -fcommon"

@mate2logica 2 жыл бұрын

problem solved: stm32cubeide 1.9.0 for stm32cubide1.8.0

@ArpanDasS Жыл бұрын

Replace line 53, 54, and 55 in bootloader.h with the following: AppSelection __attribute__((__common__)) App; uint32_t __attribute__((__common__)) Flashed_offset; FlashStatus __attribute__((__common__)) flashStatus;

@widcoshop 3 жыл бұрын

Hi bro how are you? I follow you always you are great ..im waiting for wifi +andoid and stm32 yet..you did with bluetooth..plsss do it for us

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Okay, some next time. That's a good idea.

@widcoshop 3 жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano thank you..you can send data to mysql and send to android too but i dont know

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

@@widcoshop It looks like you want to use a WiFi and a database :)

@widcoshop 3 жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano hi no acctually i wajt use wifi +android and stm32 but i think we should make a database for it

@incxxxx Ай бұрын

You define in these 2 lines: #define BOOT1_Pin GPIO_PIN_2 #define BOOT1_GPIO_Port GPIOB So BOOT1 has pin PB2 ? Or some bit decides to include PB2 ? Besides I do not see on the pinout no PB2.

@ViktorVano Ай бұрын

Yes it is PB2. However it is not as a pin on sides of the board, but in the middle those 6 pins that are Boot1 and Boot0. I explained that in the video.

@incxxxx 29 күн бұрын

@@ViktorVano Is that explained in reference manual? I was trying to find respective information in it, but in vain.

@incxxxx 29 күн бұрын

@@ViktorVano "6 pins that are Boot1 and Boot0" - Why 6 pins and not 2pins ? What pins are these?

@ViktorVano 28 күн бұрын

@@incxxxx I meant it's looks as 2 rows by 3 pins that work as a switch to set 1 or 0 for Boot0 and Boot1.

@incxxxx 27 күн бұрын

@@ViktorVano But I did not found in no manual that BOOT1 can be assigned to PB2. So how did you guess that?

@LubosMedovarsky 3 жыл бұрын

Nice... "basically" ;-)

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Yeah, my filling word :D And thank you.

@muhammedimdaad 3 жыл бұрын

what a great tutorial. Can u/anyone please explain these two lines? 1. const JumpStruct* vector_p = (JumpStruct*)address; 2. asm("msr msp, %0; bx %1;" : : "r"(vector_p->stack_addr), "r"(vector_p->func_p)); specially this part "msr msp, %0; bx %1". thank you in advance.

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

Yes. 1.) That structure just joins two variables that describe: 32 bit stack pointer and 32 bit program counter. You can define a 32 bit variable as if it was a head of an application function: typedef void (application_t)(void); //just a 32 bit variable If you give an address value to a stack pointer, the program counter pointer address value will be (Stack Pointer)+4 typedef struct { uint32_t stack_addr; // Stack Pointer (address) application_t* func_p; // Program Counter (address+4) } JumpStruct; So in order to jump, you need to set up a stack pointer and a program counter. 2.) And this is an assembly code: asm("msr msp, %0; bx %1;" : : "r"(vector_p->stack_addr), "r"(vector_p->func_p)); That's a little bit of a sorcery. :D MSR MSP, r0; - means to set up a Main Stack Value and BX is for program counter to jump to the application.

@muhammedimdaad 3 жыл бұрын

@@ViktorVano thank you so much !!!

@ViktorVano 3 жыл бұрын

@@muhammedimdaad You are welcome.

@user-el8yk1jv1m 11 ай бұрын

Hello Many thanks for your inputs. Do we have similar example code for STM32 based CAN bootloader please? If yes, Please share it through email. I did send you an email as well.

@ViktorVano 11 ай бұрын

Hi, sorry I forgot about that email. I don't have other bootloaders. This one should give you the knowledge needed to make your own bootloader.

@walterhynson2898 Жыл бұрын

Now can this be done to the stm32f4 if so do you need a board to experiment with please let me know ,send and email or message

@ViktorVano Жыл бұрын

Yes, it can be used to many STM32 boards. You just have to generate code for each STM32 MCU model separately and then copy the code snippets individually. I think STM32F4 (M4 cortex) has more memory write options than M3 cortex.

@mate2logica 2 жыл бұрын

i have error: "Description Resource Path Location Type multiple definition of `flashStatus'; ./Core/Src/bootloader.o:C:/STCUBEMX/proyectofinal/STM32-Bootloader/STM32F103C8T6_Bootloader/Debug/../Core/Inc/bootloader.h:56: first defined here bootloader.h /STM32F103C8T6_Bootloader/Core/Inc line 56 C/C++ Problem "

@autoelectronicabel Жыл бұрын

external FlashStatus flashStatus; in .h and FlashStatus flashStatus; in .c