Hey I’m a 20 year old kid who never had the money for school but I teach my self about these theory’s and I love to watch you alot Mr. Briangreen

Just gotta say this: something I really like about Brian Greene is that even though he has opinions on the topic his interview subject is discussing and could easily BE the one being interviewed at any moment, he carefully doesn't interrupted his guests and lets them say what they have to say in their own way. As obvious as it is that doing so is literally the POINT of interviewing guests, almost NO ONE who does it seems to be able to get out of the way. The great Terry Gross of course is the absolute master of interviewing and Brian Greene is just like her in this respect. Thanks Brian.

It’s great when both the interviewers and interviewees know their shit extremely well

Great discussion, Brian, you're an excellent interviewer asking the right questions in the right way that allows us laypeople to enjoy the interaction without dumbing it down too much

Can’t get enough of this episode. Two brilliant minds.

Thanks Brian for not shying away from the nuance involved with the field 😤😎.

I'll watch it again-I feel compelled to try to understand some of this stuff but it makes my head hurt like nothing else I've ever encountered! Brian Greene is a RockStar!

Fun to watch Brian squirm/reach a bit. I like Juan's attitude: He's like, "Whatever." I love how modest and diplomatic they are when discussing these concepts.

"Your videos always leave me in awe and eager to learn more about the mysteries of the universe. Thank you for fueling my curiosity. "

I think it is fair to say that the smaller we go, the more complex the Universe is, and this phenomenon is relative across the board. I would suggest that the puzzle is infinitely long. If String Theory is the only mathematically possible explanation, these idea's should be pushed to exhaustion, or until someone develops a radicaly better theory. As it stands the scientific explanations are incomplete, and unsatisfactory, which leaves more space in the human mind to seek for alternatives.There is a balance and a breaking point but we're not there yet, therefore this cannot be deemed as unproductive time spent. Keep up the good work!

Maldacena is brilliant, and Brian adeptly accesses his wisdom.

Thank you for the stream/video Brian. Have a great weekend!

I always enjoy listening to your guest. Great video as always!!!!!

Juan kept it simple, and to the point. I appreciate that 🔥😊.

This video is LOVED by Physics students from St. Finian's College Secondary School Mullingar Co. Westmeath Ireland

Thank you for this video discussion and your position. We need to continue to push the frontier of knowledge further.

Thank you for this interview. This is probably the most interesting and understandable conversation I've seen on string theory and AdS/CFT for someone without a formal understanding of modern physics.

Fantastic Discussion! Thankyou. How does the ADS CFT paradigm apply to the similarities displayed between the Two-Slit Experiment and Gravitational Lensing?

Dear professor Greene, how does a string maintain the same vibration indefinitely without becoming a different string? What determine how it will vibrate?

Hello everyone, i dont want to show off but , I'm 11 and very interested in learning theories describing our universe so thankyou for this discussion .

Thank you both!

Thank you both Dr. Green and Dr Valmaldeseana for the wonderful discussion . Being a non physics person I did not understand a lot of things disxussed but certainly stimulated my interest .May be further discussion will help me to understand string theory better .Please keep up the good work!

Question: what evidence we have for everything breaking down into 1-dimensional strings? and what evidence do we have for extra dimensions? if we have none, then what validity does string theories have?

Less interruption would do nicely. This way Dr. Maldacena, would have a better chance to present his thoughts.

Glad to see Holographic Universe Theory getting some side-ways mentions.

Trying to learn through this amazing content! This is a hobby for me, I don’t expect to become an expert, but it’s so fascinating. I truly appreciate people like Brian Green that are socializing sciences, and feel grateful to have access to this library of content. I cannot believe how much fascinating it would be for someone that put the effort to learn the mathematics… maybe someday! Thank you

Thank you very much for the great Video

I have been binge-watching your videos and I have been learning so much. I have a rather trivial question: what does the artwork behind Prof. Greene represent? Thank you for bringing knowledge to the masses.

I liked Brian,s comment that juan Maldacena was diplomatic about loop quantum gravity

The limit of information within a surface is that of an event horizon for a black hole. the holographic principle would rely on there being a limit of mass that can be within a specified volume before it collapses to a black hole. The curvature limit of space aligns with the information basis of QM.

I have an enormous respect to Dr Green, though it may be underestimated that there is non-native English-speaking audience. Frequent interruptions and self-reflecting suggestive questions distract me heavily. Being a medical doctor not a physicist these presentations fulfill my curiosity. Would it be possible to let guests present their opinions a little more uninterrupted and free flowing?

48:03 - This is juicy. It sounds like some of the branes and fields persist in transmitting information fwd / bwk in time, and via entanglement (location).

HEY Dr. Bryan Green I follow you a lot. Here I have heard you saying as a physics major in your first degree the instructirs did not mention quantum entanglement. How about the EPR was it inclusive in the curriclum back then?

At 20:50 Juan says: "It might be the world is not quantum mechanical at those (Planck) scales". Doesn't that arose doubt that string theory has wrong (or uncertain) starting point when it tries to quantice the near Planck scale strings using QM?

I like Brian Greene, I do. However, the best part of this watch was the fact that string theorists are slowly going on the back foot, defensive. 40 years and not a single prediction. All the great leaps forwards had instant or rapid applications. How much longer will this be the focus? I'm not saying bin it. I'm just saying maybe it's time to start at the basics again ❤

Love Brian greene

thank you for sharing these wonderful conversations, they really area gift

Great talk. Thank you

firstly, recent research has shown that Einstein’s theories of relativity hold up when tested against the gravitational pull of the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. this is an exciting development in the field of astrophysics and could lead to new discoveries about the nature of black holes and the universes.. secondly, the time it takes for humans to accept new ideas can vary widely depending on the idea and the context in which it is presented. some ideas are quickly embraced by society, while others as E.V. take generations to gain widespread acceptance. this is often due to factors such as cultural norms, political climate, and the availability of information. however, it’s important to remember that progress is not always linear, and that even ideas that were once considered radical can eventually become mainstream...

1:10:57 - Groovy! ^.^

Juan is legendary too

Hey Brian. If entropy of a black hole is determined by its surface area and not its volume then it sounds to me that space/time is indeed "flat" (2D). Therefore using entanglement (photon spin), there is nothing stopping us from shooting photon through the event horizon and "reading" what is inside when the corresponding photon (our side) changes after some event inside the event horizon.

My word what a bunch of aholes in the comments section. Why cant people be respectful to each other? Just because you hide behind a fake name doesnt give you any right to be so rude to each other. Ill just watch this excellent program and ignore the aholes from now on. I encourage others to do the same.

I saw ER=EPR in a 1994 book by Tim Maudlin, and he said it was already tentatively mentioned a couple of times by some professors in the eighties. But of course there is a difference between an idea and having it worked out

Thank you

As to string theory, the progression from loop quantum gravity to string theory to general relativity is pretty fantastic.

I want that painting in the background. Anyone know the name of it?

That was interesting listening, thanks to both of you. A little frustrating in that when I hear talk about the inside of Black Holes, in the thinking that Gravity is a property of the energy interactions within the Higgs Field, gravity cannot exist inside Black Holes to any depth, and so there is no singularity. Gravity ends at the Higgs Field event horizon of a Black Hole at one end and at the Quark energy event horizon at the other. What it also says is that where energy is applied to a particle to accelerate it to near the speed of light, the Kinetic energy accumulated by the particle is visible as “phantom” matter so where this matter can be “created”, at the LHC for instance, a small LIGO module in close proximity to the Proton Beam should be able to detect an increase in Higgs Field energy as a Gravitaional Variation relative to the background Field Energy. Depending on the arrangement I think that the laser should exhibit a red shift as the protons in the beam approach the speed of light. In the so doing this might also demonstrate that Dark Matter might be explained as Phantom Matter, or variations in the Deep Space Gravitation due to variations in Higgs Field Energy Intensity Gradient.

Thank you Science! 🌈

Thank you Brain to bring the physics to us!!

Funny how my first science book was The Elegant Universe lol so I actually learned string theory and quantum before newton 😂

Very good intervew!! Did you like??? Like it

The discussion here reminds me of Aquinas’ question of “How many angels can sit on the tip of a needle?” 🙂😇 26:39 !! I guess as many as you like! Maybe we are now in the metaphysical??? 😁. Thank you both for this marvellous discussion. I look forward to the black hole description of entropy in the black hole to disentangle the connection between Einstien’s connected geometry dilemma. 1:18:43 ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️. Have a joyous Thanksgiving weekend and festive and inspirational Christmas season. 💥💥💥💥💥👏👏👏👏 1:24:50

I would love to hear what Maldacena has to say on these topics

Great Discussion ‼️🔥💯

Sangat menarik kajian seperti ini 👍

thank goodness for Brian trying to get blood out of a stone here

I find the dimensional reduction argument to be interesting. In computer science, everything can be expressed one dimensionally - as an arbitrarily long string of bits, given an appropriately complex interpretive device. My thought is if the language we describe the universe in has this property, then perhaps a theory of the universe may also have this property - that dimensionality starts at one, then can be added or removed for interpretive convenience. Another interesting property of this computer science language, is that everything is based on logical bits. On the expressive side, this is simply the ability to hang two different symbols on a string, and on the interpretive side, this implies logical differentiability between two meanings. In physics, these differentiable meanings don't show up as simple two state binaries, but as complementary pairs. These kinds of precision/accuracy trade offs, and uncertainties, are the hallmark of scientific (rather than purely logical) reasoning. I'm not even sure it's possible to have a theory of everything physics, but I think it helps to think about a theory of everything scientific as perhaps the next best thing. We might actually get to the meta theory first.

I find virtual particles appearing and affecting the electron magnetic moment amazing, I find reality being based in 10 dimensions less shocking. I find the analogy you gave in a different talk that the size of a string compared to an atom is similar to a size of a tree compared to the size of the universe … omg …

This conversation was certainly stimulating at a personal level but they seemed oblivious to what is happening elsewhere. Its pretty abstract but at least acknowledged the effects of COVID to these type broadcasts in previous episodes was a factor. Not so much right now with the world turned upside-down concerning the Israel-Hamas turmoil. Must be the "multiverse effect" that Brian Greene and thier hosts have no idea about. What planet do they live on? Would like to go there - things are getting heated up here, right now. Nice show.

I had a thought. When space of a black hole collapses, what happens to plank constant? How can you squeeze more energy into the same/smaller space? Expel it into parallel complex space?

you keep talking about shorter distances and LHC but at shorter distances the velocity would be so slow (since time is fixed) you could actually sit there and observe a collision of the short distance results with the particle chamber wall element, no?

Entanglement is a necessity to monitor and maintain uniformity across the expanding universe, a homeostasis mechanism in a delta universe. A simple, as yet incomprehensible, instantaneous response system without which the universe as we know it would probably not exist???

about the area beeing proportional to entropy: it's a bit confusing. Is it always the minimal area (sphere)? how about a space having spikes? then you could have infinite area and infitie entropy.

awesome!

Smh UGH🤯😵‍💫💥FANTASTIC!!💥💥

Is there one who is doing phd or have done quantum gravity or classical gravity black hole

Hello everyone. I am a Hp guy from nowhere. First of all thank you to Brian to be an ambassador for the scientific fiend to the latest opinions of the world concerning all matters of the latest theories of the being of everything. Without him we would feel much poorer for the communication of the latest theories of the reality. Although my opinion is that we are overcomplicating the description of the nature of the universe. Obviously Einstein made his mistakes, but his general theory of relativity stands by the method of proof. All these theories remain theories and dreams to me. I understand dreaming is necessary to eventually prove anything new, but this seems like a stretch. String theory does not seem like the answer since the nature has always been proven to be simpler to what we believe it is since Copernicus. Do we have the courage to consider sharper, new creative, simpler new theorems nowadays? I do not think so. Let's at leats consider new solutions to be proven by young, new generation ideas to be proven according to the mathematical method. We have new great technological instruments that can be exploited. Thank you for your consideration & good day to everyone.

What if the higher dimensions are bigger then our 3 dimensions and we live in the projection or shadow of these higher dimensions. As in the way we can see the 3d shadow or a hypercube in these 3 dimensions.

Juan Maldacena lives somewhere on the boundary of the Universe. My head is spinning.

I think Robert J. Lang could help with determining shapes. He lives in Altadena CA. He is associated with NASA/JPL in Pasadena CA.

Juan accent sounded familiar 🇦🇷👏🏻

I was hoping for a more ambitious exploration of ER = EPR. ADS to CFT is frickin brilliant. I know Juan is on to something good but he might be feel the a bit nervous revealing a fairly radical idea. All I can say is, "Go for it!" and don't stop, keep following through with the idea and explore it all the way through. Haters are gonna hate.

Professor Greene compose music, by stretching my intuitive creativity past the speed of light inside 2 black holes at the same time insanity is locked down in a different universe than where our stars is observed.

Brian and Juan, we now have a working Quantum Theory of Gravity that is testable and complete with reproducible empirical experiments with the same results if repeated over and over again and again, confirmed by empirical observations in nature with 7-Sigma level results, guided by empirical laws and physical/mathematical equations that are predictive and precise. FYI: Quantum Gravity or Quantum Gravitation have three types that are equivalent to and manifested by Quantum Gravitational Entanglement - a Quantum Entanglement at Macroscopic Cosmic Scale namely: 1. Quantum Anti-Gravity = Spin Up Quantum Entanglement State; 2. Quantum Neutral Gravity = Superposition Quantum Entanglement State; and 3. Quantum Gravity = Spin Down Quantum Entanglement State. More detailed information could be found on the published papers 2 years ago in London, Paris, and Zurich, online and at the two scientific Journals ACADEMIA and REAL TRUE NATURE or alternatively, you can google the name of the author ROEL REAL ROVIRA

Sounded with Mr. Green was picking Mr. Maldacena brain on subjects of Mr. Green concern...

I am fully aware , my friend brian, trying to test me to show to ur friend,

No idea what they are talking about but I like it. Show the maths ❤🙃

The classical geometry of black holes and subsequent detection of gravitational waves from black hole collisions were not thought to be an out growth of general relativity thinking.

The difficulty of combining QM and Gravity is that they combine in the First Cause Causal choice matrix. Energy/mass in spacetime is shape not force. Your problem is the shape of mass/energy in space time is dependent on future choices made. The problem your having understanding the concepts of Relativity and QM and so chasing a sensible matrix of QM with Gravity is your not understanding the only force being applied is in the First Cause Causal choice matrix and QM and Relativity are shape matrix not force matrix. You might find matrix formulations to more accurately represent the shapes, but you can't get there abandoning Orientation around First cause causal choice which includes you as a conscious actor as genesis of force. The mathematical unification of QM and Relativity is in the testing of Choice as a force of creation. We get this simply by noting the matrix describing first cause choice can be Relative or Newtonian if choice isn't a force of creation. The matrix of physics must be a probability density if choice is a cause. This is tested on both sides with overwhelming evidence. QM is a matrix that shows all information at origin, omniscient, omnipresent, omnipotent Origin. Whatever formula's you use this is your limit. Non local/ Local description of action is just poor phrasing. You understand QM and Relativity - You don't like that it doesn't mathematically combine so say you don't understand what's causing it.

Hi! Ignorant person here who can't accurately verbalize my question RN. Could it be possible that we don't see how GR and QM relate because they've split and changed. Kind of the way French and Spanish are latin languages but French is not Latin or Spanish

Hi my friend brian

Crack Juan!

why the "fabric" of Spacetime cant be that missing part of that "Quantum Gravity"? What of the "fabric" of Spacetime is made up, that it can be streched, what material? Cant that "material" be quantised all of sudden?

nice

2 universes connected by entanglement from 2 back holes. But how can those 2 black holes be connected?

how about your own character for power is what quantum is no being manipulated ...jose vasquez.

A short summary: "Please, please, say that string theory is fantastic, I am getting older and long for my youth."

HOW CLOSE ARE WOLFRAM AND MALDESCENA

Modest guy. Who’s leading the field of theoretical physics.

Maybe the other dimension that we need in quantum phisics îs the consciousness that îs aware of matter and subatomic particles,our own consciousness.

Well, in that "holographic" idea, the surface of your hypothetical iso-hypersphere (you hypothesize it being /on/ the edge of the universe, or, at least, very far) is defined as an isosurface, equidistant from your center by the application of the laws /formulas, to be more precise/ of relativistic gravity, so, of course, being an isosurface (hyper or not) it "negates" the gravity, drops it, it's "gravity neutral", because you define it that way, so if you project on it what's inside of it, it will be "gravity-less" by your definition. If you use /formulas of/ relativistic gravity as a projection function on an isosurface, then you /by definition/ end up with a projection of everything but the gravity (and I have a feeling you may not even need to put it as far away as the edge of the universe /which probably does not exist/). And please don't get me wrong, as IMHO String Theory is an amazing theory. P.S. Actually, if you take my words the other way - if/as you define a zero-gravity isosurface, then, if I am correct, it should prove that your projection on it with relativistic math used as a projection function will eliminate gravity, keeping everything else /in tact/.

Roger is out there in a good way

you burned me. thank u

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this discussion feels like a response to all the hate mail string theory has been getting lately haha

Don't your equations point towards hollow interiors for block holes when it comes to spacetime? The overall schematic picture is space-time gets thinner and thinner as you approach a black hole event horizon, and the entropy depends ONLY on the quantity of the surface for that particular reason. So, the event horizon is equivalent to a geometry defined as a 'surface tension of spacetime blocks'. Then what is gravity? It is an emergent phenomenon of a density gradient change of spacetime building blocks. If all these 'ifs' hold true, then there is no such a thing as 'crossing an event horizon into the interior'. A thing falls into a black hole just to be retained as information at the surface, or if a part of it is to make it through instantaneously on the other side of the EH sphere.

Well this is it now

Hi yo both of you

Where are swizis? give Brian Nobel prize at least for his services!