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MILLETS PRIMARY PROCESSING UNIT:
1.GRADER CUM ASPIRATOR
Primary cleaning is done using a grader cum aspirator with support of different sieve sizes. Grader separates good quality grain from sticks, big stones, sand, grass etc . Here the material with different shapes and sizes gets separated. Selection of the correct sieve type and size is crucial in this process.
Proper care should be taken to prevent material from clogging.
Machine operator should use a brush to make sure the material doesn't clog. The good quality grains are sent for secondary cleaning for removing stones and mud balls. For small millet processing we normally use a triple deck grader with three sieves.
The top sieve will separate long sticks, big stones, grass etc which are bigger in size than the grain, the middle sieve will separate the good grain and the bottom sieve will separate coarse and fine sand.
The aspirator attached to the grader will have a small fan which will send the fine dust and sand particles to the rear end.
2.DESTONER CUM ASPIRATOR
The material coming from the grader is sent to a destoner for removing small stones and mud balls which are identical in size.
Destoner is a gravity separator which separates material based on the weight of the material. The cleaned grain from the destoner is sent for dehulling / dehusking.
A destoner has two sieves under the hopper which grades the material coming from the hopper. The graded material falls on the destoner bed where the lighter material moves towards the front end and the heavier material moves towards the rear end.
The aspirator attached to the Destoner will remove the fine dust and sand particles.
The air adjustment slot has to be adjusted carefully depending upon the material.
If there is no flow backward, we have to open the slot and adjust to flow the stones backward.
Destoner is suitable for removing stones and impurities from various Millets like Little Millet, Kodo Millet, Barnyard Millet, Proso Millet, Finger Millet, Foxtail Millet, etc.
Here one thing to add, it is better to have a Variable Frequency Drive.
It is used in electro-mechanical drive systems to control AC motor speed and torque by varying motor input frequency and voltage.
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It will lessen mechanical and electrical stress, reducing maintenance and repair costs, and extending the life of the motor and the driven equipment.
3.DEHULLER CUM ASPIRATOR
The raw material after going through a rigorous process of cleaning in the Grader and Destoner is sent for husk removal to the dehuller.
(a) Centrifugal dehullers- A centrifugal dehuller has an impeller which is responsible for the husk removal. The material is sent to the hopper which then enters the impeller, where it gets thrown with a great centrifugal force onto the impeller casing. Due to the heavy impact the husk gets separated from the grain and is sent to the aspirator where the lighter husk is collected at the back and the grain is collected at the front.
There are two types of MILLET DEHULLER -Single Stage
This machine is most suitable for de-hulling small millets like kodo, proso and bardyard millets.
MILLET DEHULLER - Double Stage
This millet dehuller has two chambers for removing skin on millets like little and foxtail millet.
4. Pulviriser: It is a double stage pulveriser in which the grains, spices, rice, wheat etc could be grinded to a fine powder. Double chamber is provided in which the grinding process takes place. In the first chamber initial crushing process takes place and in the next chamber grains are made into a fine powder.
Millets (Little, Kodo, Foxtail, Proso, Barnyard, Finger, Pearl Millet & Sorghum)
1PROCESSING UNIT DESIGN & LAYOUT
To establish a millet processing unit you need atleast 25*25ft space with proper flooring and atleast half feet concrete laid under the flooring where the machines will be installed. The height of the walls should atleast be 10ft tall with exhaust fans in all the four corners.
All machines have to be installed using foundation bolts to arrest vibrations and also balanced properly. Machine installation is critical because it would directly affect the life of the machine and also it’s performance.