Mosfet powerful voltage regulator

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Mosfet powerful voltage regulator | IRFZ44 mosfet

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Күн бұрын

Hello friends, today in this video i have shown how to make a simple voltage regulator using a irfz44 mosfet. But remember to install good heat-sink for the mosfet.
Li-ion charger circuit using 1 transistor
• Simple li-ion 18650 ba...
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Пікірлер: 289

@TechIdeasAG 4 жыл бұрын

Li-ion charger circuit using 1 transistor kzfaq.info/get/bejne/erWUndt3tcquY2w.html

@gedtoon6451 8 ай бұрын

The IRFZ44 is not intended to be used in linear mode like this! It is designed for switching applications where it is hard on or hard off. Your application could result in excessive power dissipation an destroy the Mosfet.

@fufatko 6 ай бұрын

I found out that using the irfz44n is really good and it never breaks. I used the lm317 before and it died after charging one capacitor lol

@leroyjones6958 2 жыл бұрын

This deceptively simple circuit is extremely elegant for many reasons. The mosfet is being inserted in series with the positive lead. Then the pot. serves as a voltage divider to pick off the desired gate voltage. So the mosfet is only turned on enough to create the required voltage drop to obtain whatever output voltage is desired. Since a mosfet requires virtually almost zero gate current, a very high resistance pot. can be used. Also, if you want to use a higher input voltage, just use a mosfet that can stand more voltage. I wanted to go from 48 volts down to around 14 volts to operate a 7809 regulator. I had an IRF 830 mosfet kicking around in the junkpile. It can do 500 volts at 4.5 amps. I set up my experiment using a 1 megohm pot. Works perfectly! Once you find out the values of the divider, then you can substitute in fixed resistors instead of the pot. In my case I ended up with 470k from +48v to the mosfet gate, and from there the other leg of the divider is 270k to minus side of 48 volt supply. 1/4 watt resistors are fine because the power dissipated is only a few microwatts. Those values yield an output voltage of 14.2 volts. That output sags very little under load too. This circuit works great for knocking down 48 volts to 14 volts to serve as the input for the 7809 regulator. 7809 regulator can only stand 35 volts max on its input. This circuit is very useful because it is so simple and yet so elegant. Mosfets need nearly zero gate current. Also at first glance this circuit looks as if it may need some amount of output load resistance to make the gate positive with respect to the source. But to my utter surprise, it does not need that. The open source lead has the 14 volts on it with no load resistance. That was a very pleasant surprise which still doesn't make too much sense, but seeing is believing. This circuit is quite stable under load. Much more stable than I would have thought. Thanks for posting this! It makes possible taking 48 volts and getting 9 volts regulated using only 4 parts! The 14 volts from the mosfet is the unregulated input to the 7809 9 volt regulator. Then that regulator holds 9 volts rock steady up to a 1 amp. load. At that full 9 volt current, the mosfet voltage sags only down to 11.8 volts or so. Quite amazing.

@Tim_Small 2 жыл бұрын

I assume you could tweak this with a zener diode instead of a resistor on the low side of the divider, to add tolerance to input voltage fluctuations.

@leroyjones6958 2 жыл бұрын

@@Tim_Small Great idea! Yes, indeed. Try it.

@AdamTheBot 7 ай бұрын

Then what should be the potentiometer value for 48v regulator ?

@leroyjones6958 7 ай бұрын

A 1 megohm pot can be used then just pick off what is needed to get the voltage desired. @@AdamTheBot

@ThomasHutabarat 2 жыл бұрын

adjustable=yes regulated=no why people always say that mosfet can act as regulator? if you want to get regulated output you must have regulated input to the gate pin.

@SvartVarg 4 жыл бұрын

This is for experimentation only. Its a voltage regulator but current is only some mA.Tested with z44,1404 and both burned when load current is above 1A

@id15807936 5 жыл бұрын

This is not a voltage regulator and the whole thing will burn if you try to load it and you can't get stable voltage out of it anyway. If you want to make a linear voltage regulator you could just use lm317t which is less expensive than a mosfet and is actually a regulator

@vincentrobinette1507 5 жыл бұрын

An LM317 would have to be paired with a PNP bipolar junction transistor to handle the current and wattage that the MOSFET can. It would be more expensive, but, it would indeed be a true variable regulated power supply. No matter what, a large heat sink, or a small one with a cooling fan is necessary, if you want to pass several amps with a big difference in voltage between the source and the output voltage. An LM317 only handles about an amp or so, where the IRF44 can handle 10 amps or more, as long as it doesn't dissipate more than 94 watts.

@id15807936 5 жыл бұрын

@@vincentrobinette1507 it's meaningless to use a mosfet anyway and the mosfet and lm317t both will handle pretty much the same current since their power dissipation is mostly limited by to-220 case which they both have the same. But at least lm317t will keep the same voltage with various loads and is also cheaper and original lm317t ic is nearly impossible to burn, even when it gets too hot it just limits the current and nothing really happens to it while mosfets are quite easy to break especially if the temprerature is high

@vincentrobinette1507 5 жыл бұрын

@@id15807936 Agreed. If you need a regulated output higher than 1 amp, the LM317 can be paired with a TIP42 or MJE2955 PNP bipolar transistor, for the same dissipation as the IRFZ44, and that would also give you a true variable regulated power supply.

@digital945 5 жыл бұрын

@@vincentrobinette1507 can you explain the circtry briefly with pin connection or can give a link for similar

@techvet688 4 жыл бұрын

Various load will change the output voltage in case of mosfet .

@jcl1 Ай бұрын

Parabéns pela matéria o melhor vídeo.

@user-pz6cx8zf2y 4 жыл бұрын

This primitive circuit is rather an electronic load for testing power supplies or bstteries than a voltage regulator. Regulators need a feedback loop in order to keep the output voltage stable, independent of either line or load variations. This is missing here. Even the electronic loads need that feedback loop in order to draw stable current from (say) a battery under test, while its voltage drops under the discharging process. No feedback, no regulator. Just primitive voltage adjust circuit...

@MACYNET323 Жыл бұрын

Wich project you suggest for Led dimmer input 4V?

@user-pz6cx8zf2y Жыл бұрын

@@MACYNET323I have nothing specific about your request but you can find and use various circuits here in Y.T, using either the classic LM 317, or even better a step down dc/dc converter (which you can buy ready made, as they are very cheap)...

@MACYNET323 Жыл бұрын

@@user-pz6cx8zf2y For step down modules problem is the V.drop at low tension like 4V battery. I thinked at lm317 but can handle limited power. Can I use mosfet likeTIP41 or IRLZ44N that operate at low voltages and can hold more power? Thx

@user-pz6cx8zf2y Жыл бұрын

@@MACYNET323 Then you can build this circuit. For a dimmer, it makes no difference if the voltage is stabilized. It is not critical. Otherwise you should check links about "constant current generators" or "electronic load" circuits and pick the one that fits your need. Why you insist on 4V input? Don't you have another choice about the voltage input? (Say, a 12V input). How much power do you want to control with 4V input? (How many amperes)?

@MACYNET323 Жыл бұрын

@@user-pz6cx8zf2y Because is single Led (Nichia 519A) and input is 3.7V lithium battery. I want drive it up 3A and dim. with knob untill 1 mA. I prefer CC than pwm mode. Cheers

@Appregator 5 жыл бұрын

Nice hands free clamp.

@kylemarcelo24 Жыл бұрын

guys i recommend add 220 ohms resisistor :) thanks bro it's working

@vincentrobinette1507 5 жыл бұрын

A good heat sink is a good idea if it is to drive a heavy load. The amperage X the voltage across the drain/source junction will tell how many watts the transistor will dissipate. The regulation isn't very tight, because as the supply voltage drops, the output of the 'regulator' will drop by the same percentage. There's also some voltage drop due to the gain of the transistor.

@cipstechitips1574 2 жыл бұрын

I built the circuit with a heat sink. There is high output of heat and voltage fluctuates greatly over time and changes with load. Only good for short period of use.

@vincentrobinette1507 2 жыл бұрын

@@cipstechitips1574 This is still ideal, as a "quick and dirty" regulator, for a quick test. I do this often, to see of a 12 volt gadget is working or not, considering that you have a tolerance of 11.5 v to 16 volts, for most devices that plug into a "cigarette lighter socket.

@hustlaz2k 3 жыл бұрын

with your setup...it work only when no load... u need to add 10k resistor between gate and source pin.

@Zibulameso 5 жыл бұрын

Inventor please can you add AMPERE Adjustment in. Do a video of that, i can't wait . .. ;-)

@16BITMEME 4 жыл бұрын

Yes

@fishfarmtvmix7996 3 жыл бұрын

how about 36volts motor 105 ampers

@shundhem_electrick 2 жыл бұрын

Yes

@user-zr9xr5is3d 5 жыл бұрын

Nice idea 💡 Thank you 🙏

@Danixu86 5 жыл бұрын

Is not really a voltage regulator, is just like an high power variable resistor. As the mosfet works like a resistance, higher currents will drop the voltage so is not stable at all. Also at lower voltages and higher currents, the disipated heat will be high and the mosfet can blow up. If you want a real voltage regulator, take a look to switching IC regulator or buck converters (they has much more stability and also much less losses as heat).

@emersonsrandomvideos248 5 жыл бұрын

Good point! Buck converter is awesome (in my opinion).

@maxlmthebest 5 жыл бұрын

Yeah i used lm2596 with vapacitors and induttance to regulate the voltage BUT there is a negative think : it works with variable frequency using the PWM ( pulse with modulation ) that create problems with stereo hi-fi or rc models

@Danixu86 5 жыл бұрын

@@maxlmthebest I've not tested hi-fi or rc so I've nothing to say about it, but if you're using a regulator for that pourposes then you'll use a linear regulator or similar with an input voltage near to output voltage to limit the loses. They are much better than just a variable resistor based on mosfet ;)

@maxlmthebest 5 жыл бұрын

@@Danixu86 that's sure much better...we are changing simply from analogical to digital tecnology..

@alejandroperezsantiesteban2499 4 жыл бұрын

SUPER CON ESTE VIDEO ME DIO LA IDEA PARA HACER UNO FIJO DE 12 v A 5V

@shyamcleetus6936 3 жыл бұрын

Bro it was working good. within 15minutes the speed went down and after some minutes it was not working

@ggbandi.210 Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much. Works well with a heat sink. 👍

@random007nadir 5 жыл бұрын

All that's doing is turning the transistor into a resistor. It might work for 12 volt computer fans (in which case, just use the variable resistor on its own), but it will burn up for if the current draw is too high.

@vinicenci 9 ай бұрын

Works great with a 12v pc cooler fan! Thanks!

@acmefixer1 5 жыл бұрын

It's adjustable, but there is no voltage regulation. 😲

@amirb715 5 жыл бұрын

exactly!

@richardsandwell2285 4 жыл бұрын

Yes, I agree with you and this only works well if Vin is a fixed stable voltage to start with however true voltage regulators are a total pain in the ass. My problem is trying to find regulators and or circuits online which are immune to drop out, many things I am trying to power need a stable 12 volt supply, I live semi off-grid with a 12volt battery bank, easy you would say, what is your problem? trouble is 12.2 volts is a totally empty battery my system voltage hardly ever dips below 12.6 volts and can be as high as 14.7 volts when on a charge, trying to get something which will take the varying voltage and give out a flat 12 volts is like trying to find a unicorn. Many Chinese parts which claim to do the job do not match the details given on spec sheets and finding something that will supply about 5 Amps is virtually impossible, they can put men on the moon but this seems too much of a challenge for the semiconductor industry. And I know about low drop out regulators but they usually only supply a meagre 1 amp.

@arekd9769 4 жыл бұрын

@@richardsandwell2285 but why would you want stable 12V with big amperage? if you have solar connect old atx power supply directly to your solar panels(yes it will work on DC in ;) and you will have as flat 12V as it gets. but still can not see the point

@AHC20 4 жыл бұрын

7812 IC

@SomeRandomGuy_id Жыл бұрын

@@AHC20 and perhaps with darlington current boost considering 7812 only 1.5A

@parveenchaudhary1136 5 жыл бұрын

This ckt is good to watch the voltage varies, but this is not reliable and practical. This ckt will not work in field. I tried this ckt with 1A load , Input Voltage - 24 Volt, Output Voltage - 12 Volt, within 5 sec it got smoking hot. Don't try this ckt to connect load

@fizikci54 3 жыл бұрын

I havent tried it yet but it seems to be Super Thanks a lot

@antoleyo3857 5 жыл бұрын

Reduced, variable and UNregulated. Output voltage varies according load current. Cheers from Indonesia

@vincentrobinette1507 5 жыл бұрын

True, but it is tighter than a rheostat would be, and it's much easier to mount the MOSFET on a heat sink, than to find the 94 watt rheostat that would be the alternative. The transistor can be purchased for less than $1.00 US, and the potentiometer for about the same. I use this circuit quite often, when I just need a quick and dirty way to vary the voltage to a device or circuit board, to test the permissible voltage swing.

@chalokipskips2352 3 жыл бұрын

Is it recommended to install capacity in it? And what is the maximum voltage input that the regulator can support

@chamudithjayasekara6325 3 жыл бұрын

Download datasheet,it will solve your problem

@musicskillstv7552 2 жыл бұрын

Nice

@chalokips7712 Ай бұрын

In your case you have rotate the potential meter from 20v to 5 volts is it safe to charge your phone with the output 5v

@gettingbuzzywithsreyon2562 3 жыл бұрын

Don't burn your mosfets like this, the drain and the gate will short if you put higher loads because of low on-state resistance in the mosfet. Buck converters are the best for high power loads and it's also very cheap

@apnamultitech786 2 жыл бұрын

Wow,good and great idea.

@mizanarif368 2 жыл бұрын

Bro,if you show the circuit diagram, we will be more benefited

@chamindakumara855 2 жыл бұрын

nice

@josedavidalzolayrodriguez1007 3 жыл бұрын

Si funciona.. pero solo sirve para alimentar cosas simples, ya q el amperaje que entrega es muy poco . Unos 800 mA

@adriano2737 Жыл бұрын

Without a true load everything is so beautiful... Bruh

@md.sharifolislam1081 4 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much vaijan....

@asifiqbal2689 4 ай бұрын

Will the output fluctuate with the fluctuations in input, as in case of solar panel, please reply

@jorgeluisaguirre6794 5 жыл бұрын

put an 100 ohm resistor as load and KBUMMMM !!!!!

@vincentrobinette1507 5 жыл бұрын

It will actually be alright, if the transistor is mounted on a large heat sink. Otherwise, 100 Ohms is the most, before the transistor gets too hot.

@aytacdede81 4 жыл бұрын

this circuit is working but when i fix output voltage then input voltage increase i must going to fix again output voltage so is there anywhere to fix output with zenner diode ? for example input can be variable between 0 to 50v but output always fixed 12volts ?

@MahaRani-dx1re 5 жыл бұрын

Output what amper??

@diycreator2024 5 жыл бұрын

Very simple

@Bianchi77 Жыл бұрын

Nice video, keep it up, thanks :)

@MrRusty-fm4gb Жыл бұрын

⁉️I salvage all my electronics and found one of these on a Mixstar DMG Auto Dental Impression mixer…. I don’t have a 20V power supply but close. Will a 19.5V computer charger work? I’ve been trying to make some sort of DC speed controller for a while now. What kind of potentiometer are you using? 4K? 5k? 10k? Thanks. I’m new to electronics. Btw.

@practicalengineering2524 5 жыл бұрын

Good, a large heatsink is must Works good

@WaqasKhan-nd6sj 5 жыл бұрын

This Mosfet will burn in less then a Second, because its being operated under-voltage then Vgs, that acts as resistor not as shunt or lowest resistance, use buck converter or buck boost or good idea for LM317 as variable power supply with extra Transistors to support extra power ....... buck is better then all.stable and efficient. if don't believe try and burn mosfet yourself.... and connected load too.....

@alializadeh8195 2 жыл бұрын

thanx

@haseebmirza9233 5 жыл бұрын

ye kitny ampre ka load utha ly gi

@veronicaortiz2058 4 жыл бұрын

Bravo 👏 very good job 👏

@user-fg4zu3lk3d 4 жыл бұрын

Сильно греется транзистор под нагрузкой?

@plcrepairingretrofitting2799 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent

@arvindarvindkumar3071 3 жыл бұрын

Kya isase Ham 12 volt ka motor Chala sakte hain chalane per IC heat ho rahi hai

@juancastrillo1889 4 жыл бұрын

THANKS APPRECIATE your cooperation for undertand electronic matter

@andrewdenine1685 Жыл бұрын

Can u only get a voltage limit of what you supply it with ?

@debutants 5 жыл бұрын

merci

@csaba87021 4 жыл бұрын

Kérlek, ne tegyél ki hülyeséget. Ha tranzisztort használsz, azt árammal kapcsolgatot. Mosfet esetén pwm jelre van szükség, mert sok lesz az elfűtött áram, és a fet sem igazán tolerálja. A fet drain lábát földre kell húzni egy előtét ellenállással, hogy egyből kikapcsoljon, ha már nem kap kivezérlést. Egyébként nyitva maradhat.

@SkBagCreation 4 жыл бұрын

Good 👍

@shundhem_electrick 2 жыл бұрын

Amazing

@Ham549 3 жыл бұрын

Is this actually controlling voltage or is it chopping it up and the multimeter is averageing?

@TechIdeasAG 3 жыл бұрын

It's just like lm317 linear regulator

@victorgamboa8198 4 жыл бұрын

Muy bueno el circuito. Que amperaje suministra a la salida.

@enriquegalleguillo1102 4 жыл бұрын

El q le suministres en la entrada y lo q aguante el mosfet.saludos

@edgarbaccareparacioneselec4933 4 жыл бұрын

Y cuanto puede aguantar ese mosfet

@enzovideogames 3 жыл бұрын

Por lo que tengo entendido entrega todo el amperaje que soporta el transistor cuando usas voltajes bajos, es decir que si tenes una fuente de 12 volt y el transistor soporta 6 amper solo rendirá eso cuando lo regules hasta los 7 volt. Por encima de eso cae a 3 o 2 amper, lo que no se si esto ultimo sube dependiendo del tipo del transistor que uses o sigue limitado en eso.

@user-pf4zm1ww9j 6 ай бұрын

What's happen if we change the posision positif tobe command and negatif in line input dan output potentio rotate clokwise to increase?

@681x 2 күн бұрын

Mosfet cannot bear heat even in small heat sink in 19 volt laptop adaptor , 2 mosfet can be used with heat sink

@edmilsondiniz4598 Жыл бұрын

👍 gostei.vou.montar.um.p.min.obrigado

@k.nkitchen3113 3 жыл бұрын

Nice bro..

@boscou2 5 жыл бұрын

Thats cool ... how many amps can it handle ?

@hadirizvi2670 5 жыл бұрын

How much volts drop ? Verify variable voltage with load.

@user-in9og9jq3f 5 жыл бұрын

About 5V drops. Look at datasheet gate threshold parameter.

@mertsamet2953 4 жыл бұрын

hello .. you welded a wire at 0.42 minute is normal wire or a wire acts as a resistance ?. thanks

@TechIdeasAG 4 жыл бұрын

Just wire

@evananderson8452 5 жыл бұрын

Berfore I get involved with developement and specs, is it possible with this circuit to adjust from 3 to 120 or 240 volts ac?

@TechIdeasAG 5 жыл бұрын

No bro, it's not possible

@evananderson8452 5 жыл бұрын

@@TechIdeasAG Can you post a link to schematic that can do that please?

@user-pz6cx8zf2y 4 жыл бұрын

@@evananderson8452 you can implement the circuit you want by using a triac. Just hit in Google "triac mains regulator" and you will find the circuit you want.

@goodghost6182 6 ай бұрын

Yes do with 240. Put thumb on output and taste negative with your to tongue 😝

@shaktielectronics2234 4 жыл бұрын

Sir is par DC 24v fan chala sakte hai

@cacti5740 Жыл бұрын

It ia not working for me...i dont know why i placed 5v as input and trying to control the brightness of a led diode but the led glows very dim at full pot rotation towards the drain side...i checked the voltage it was 2v at max pot rotate... Any fix please tell...

@kai_M.Afif.4528 4 жыл бұрын

That is can used for long time ????

@ramtilwait4914 2 жыл бұрын

Kitna Ampere load le sakte he

@ayuubali714 4 жыл бұрын

Good

@kingking2225 2 жыл бұрын

شكرا لك أخي الفيديو مفيد ولكن العنوان من 3v - 50v ولكنه غير حقيقي و في احدى الاسئلة تقول يعتمد على الاخراج لماذا لاتكون صادق انا احتاج 50v هل بالإمكان الحصول عليها أم لا

@ecoandeducation 4 жыл бұрын

Ami IRF540 VR 50k Diye akta volume requlator banaichi 12 motor control korar jonno... But MOSFET khub e gorom Hoi. 1 min calanur por ar hat laganu jaina ... Emn holo kno plz bolben ...!

@user-kn1rm9sm9d 5 жыл бұрын

Super! Senk you!

@arvindarvindkumar3071 3 жыл бұрын

Sir je jab ham 6v ka mother laga rhe h to ic hid ho ja rahi h ise halat me mai keya kru aap batye

@nabindahit4255 12 күн бұрын

How is this possible the first pin is gate and second is drain and last is source Its not working here

@vishaltach7764 4 жыл бұрын

Amazing 👌👌

@satyendraupadhyay9822 5 жыл бұрын

Bhai kya koi bhi transister Le sakte hain

@ghah4516 4 ай бұрын

Can i replace this mosfet to IRF3205?

@vianadorego1037 2 жыл бұрын

Regultor ini bisa untuk tegangan simetrik atau ga ?

@williamwallum1236 5 жыл бұрын

What kind of soldering iron is that. I’ve never had one that kept the solder inside.

@adityag.5372 4 жыл бұрын

Haha.. No he just added the solder on the tip first and then used only the iron on the terminals. But we know how wrong that is. :) I am actually surprised that he was able to solder that way on un-tinned legs.

@falsehood3314 3 жыл бұрын

Will this drive 24 volts 20 amps, thanks

@master_0323 3 жыл бұрын

Pwede po yang gawing regulator sa motorcycle?

@mshabiransari 2 жыл бұрын

sir 12 v par 9.13 v aa rahy hai 44N par mujhy 12 v chahye bro or mujhy sapeed bi low chahye

@shyamcleetus6936 4 жыл бұрын

Brother Shall I use irf630 instead of irfz44 shall I load 12v 775motor

@TechIdeasAG 4 жыл бұрын

Yes, of course

@user-hr7zl7md8r 6 ай бұрын

❤❤❤❤❤❤😊

@nawazshek6678 Жыл бұрын

Out put kitna amper deta hai

@waymekar994 2 жыл бұрын

10 k jagah 100k use le sakhe te he kiya

@knowsbd 5 жыл бұрын

Great job

@TechIdeasAG 5 жыл бұрын

Thank you

@kaunisiapa 5 жыл бұрын

Is the max amperage depending on the input and the max Drain output of 41amp of IRFZ44 Transistor..? is there any potentiometer/variable resistor can hold a 10amp current.? Thank you.

@acmefixer1 5 жыл бұрын

The power MOSFET turns the potentiometer into a power resistor. But it needs a big heatsink.

@vincentrobinette1507 5 жыл бұрын

A potentiometer big enough to handle 10 amps is called a Rheostat. They are huge, almost the size of a variac. The output is NOT regulated. The IRFZ44 MOSFET can handle up to 94 watts of dissipation if mounted on a big heat sink. At 10 amps, the maximum difference between the supply voltage and output voltage is 9.4 volts.

@boyrice4808 5 жыл бұрын

Temporary only... Not suitable for longer period of time...

@alokbudakoti71 5 жыл бұрын

आपने वीडियो में २० वोल्टेज दिया है वो नहीं दिखाया कहा से दिया अधूरा वीडियो मत बनाओ पूरा दिखाना चाहिए

@DIYOverload 3 жыл бұрын

Brother will that potentiometer resist 17v without burning 🙂

@maninlauriano6422 2 жыл бұрын

Em qual placa de reçiclage consigo esse transistor?

@explorere620 4 жыл бұрын

Lol...😁 why you need mosfet? potentiometer is Enough.

@martinbobak3009 3 жыл бұрын

It's not

@0believeinjesus9 3 жыл бұрын

Gods son Christ Jesus died on the cross for our sins so that by believing in him we can have life...belief in Christ Jesus be a free gift from the father, given to them [ through thee hearing of heth words ] whom he hath chosen for salvation....

@luismartillo2682 5 жыл бұрын

Disculpe cuantos amperios soporta esta fuente reguladora

@AutoTechEngineeringDHAKarachi 2 жыл бұрын

all your load is going through your 10K pot thin tracks, which is not going to last long as soon as you will hook up any sufficient load to it. Not a good idea.

@maninlauriano6422 2 жыл бұрын

Parabéns