Abstract Class and Abstract Method in Python

Рет қаралды 342,785

4 жыл бұрын

Method which is decorated with @abstractmethod and does not have any definition.
Python Don't support Abstract class, So we have ABC(abstract Base Classes) Module, so we can use here to achieve abstract classes. And will see what is abstract class and why we need it. An abstract class can be considered as a pattern for other classes. A class which contains one or more abstract methods is called an abstract class. An abstract method is a method that has a declaration but does not have an implementation.
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Пікірлер: 288

@thisisdenish 3 жыл бұрын

Summary: abstract method is a method which only has declaration and doesn't have definition. a class is called abstract class only if it has at least one abstract method. when you inherit a abstract class as a parent to the child class, the child class should define all the abstract method present in parent class. if it is not done then child class also becomes abstract class automatically. at last, python by default doesn't support abstract class and abstract method, so there is a package called ABC(abstract base classes) by which we can make a class or method abstract.

@Xaveth 3 жыл бұрын

Dude... thank you! Very clear.

@user-bh7rg7eu1k 3 жыл бұрын

Love you, Dude

@likhithap6109 3 жыл бұрын

thank you

@rahulgaonkar3431 3 жыл бұрын

thanx bro

@will44559 2 жыл бұрын

10 minutes video is awesome, 1 minute read paragraph is bravo!

@sujithkumar_ga 3 жыл бұрын

for those who did not understand! assume a situation or an example (u r given a task to design some apps and an app to qualify it must and should contain some specific features like( brightness, notification ).so basically you can declare an abstract class with these feature declarations( brightness, notification ), but not the body in the abstract class and later u inherit them keeping in mind that while you are designing you must and should declare these feature's body for sure along with some more features and u might use the same abstract class for other app design because even it must also contain the specific features along with other, but the body declarations might change from class to class or an app to app if you are doing any real-time work). hope u understood this

@ansafnisam2443 3 жыл бұрын

I see many are still confused with the concept and also with "how is it different from duck typing". Here is an example to get it cleared. This is an exam 'hall' and there are students from 2 diffrent 'classes' seated. Class A has a maths test, Class B has social. The invigilator says that to enter the hall, every one must carry an instrument box. Now students of classes both A and B must bring one even if B class don't have its use. So the class A will have a set of compass, rulers, pencils etc in it. But since students of class B don't have any use, they will just bring one with a pencil or even just empty (pass) because its compulsory to bring one in to be in the hall. If a parent class has an abstract method, every child must also have one. So each child will have to define one of thier own. In duck typing, It isn't necessary to define the parent class method for each child classes. it just simply have to point to the class where the particular method lies. Here we would have to define for each. I hope this helps

@Vishal360 Жыл бұрын

Daymnnn 🤝🏻

@md.anisurrahman1856 2 жыл бұрын

Probably need more explanation about this topic. Why we need to create abstract classes. But among all of the youtube videos, this is much much better than others. Thank you...

@prakhar1303 2 жыл бұрын

Essentially, you define abstract methods in an abstract class to ensure that it's child classes have a compulsion of having those methods defined inside them

@pranavnyavanandi9710 2 жыл бұрын

Otherwise, the abstract method that is inherited by the child will make it an Abstract Base class thus preventing instantiation. So if we are to instantiate the child class, implementing the abstract methods becomes necessary.

@kunalpandey2066 2 жыл бұрын

we can find its usecase in design patterns

@pranavnyavanandi9710 2 жыл бұрын

@@kunalpandey2066 Hi. Can you elaborate? Design patterns for designing what?

@l3tt3rsnumbers0nly Жыл бұрын

this explanation makes me understand its use i guess.

@AvyStarr 2 ай бұрын

It's best to use, when we use polymorphism.

@sameernayak9611 4 жыл бұрын

This video is quite confusing sir, can you please make one more so that we can understand this concept better.

@hyperskivo8426 4 жыл бұрын

Actually the video is very concise and clear

@_.sunnyraj._ 3 жыл бұрын

@@hyperskivo8426 yes

@alwayslakshmipathi2532 3 жыл бұрын

yeah... I felt irritated

@ArjunKrishna-lx1re 3 жыл бұрын

@@hyperskivo8426 then tell me, why we need abstract class

@anindian4601 3 жыл бұрын

@@ArjunKrishna-lx1re 🤣 Good question bro, I Think Navin has missing some logics and codes better we have to refer other utubers too , dont rely on him.

@qazafisheikh530 4 жыл бұрын

it was soooo confusing

@VishuencApp 4 жыл бұрын

Yes, not explained with good examples and details.

@_.sunnyraj._ 3 жыл бұрын

@sujithkumar_ga 3 жыл бұрын

for those who did not understand! assume a situation or an example (u r given a task to design some apps and an app to qualify it must and should contain some specific features say brightness, notification .so basically you can declare an abstract class with these feature declarations but not the body and later u inherit them in keeping in mind that while design you must and should declare these feature's body for sure along with some more features and u might use the same abstract class for other app design because even it must also contain the specific features along with other but the body declarations might change from class to class or an app to app if you are doing any real-time work). hope u understood this

@vernanonix 3 жыл бұрын

@@sujithkumar_ga So I'm still trying to wrap my head around this. From what I'm seeing, using this video as the example, we declare process in the Computer class as an abstract method and therefore we get an error and to fix that error, we override it in a subclass, say Laptop, by redefining process. So then why even bother with the abstract method at all? Making the abstract method just seems like a waste of time if it's not going to do anything and I have to add the actual definition somewhere else.

@sujithkumar_ga 3 жыл бұрын

@@vernanonix u will get to know better when u do real time projects 👍

@tharunguduru7934 3 жыл бұрын

no teacher teaches me that whiteboard example to explain the concept of abstraction,, your a genius sir..

@dipenpandit684 5 ай бұрын

You just implemented the exact thing that my teacher taugh me in my Object Oriented Design lecture... Thank you so much for the video.....❤

@aman31dec 3 жыл бұрын

Can you please explain more on why do we need abstract classes? It's not very clear to me. This will be really helpful. Thanks!

@JoaoVitorBRgomes 2 жыл бұрын

It's a Object Oriented Programming thing. Maybe you are designing many classes and these classes share a common method (in teacher's example is processing(), so each time you inherit in a new class e.g. Laptop, it is mandatory/compulsory that you define processing() method there. I think it is a way to keep organized your OOP project.

@mevlutkaymaz3097 2 жыл бұрын

When you have can possible have multiple(different) output/input, then you will need to create a base class(or abstract class) to use for multiple objects.

@Rafian1924 2 жыл бұрын

Simply, to follow a specific strict structure for the development of functionality.

@revolutionaryaihub-aonesto5228 4 жыл бұрын

Thanks a lot sir...please complete data structures and algorithms with python...and if possible start machine learning/data science..as u were telling earlier u we're about to start ...

@meghanadalal9837 4 жыл бұрын

yess yess yessss exactly

@Spinsters_batch 3 жыл бұрын

Yes sir

@sandeepreddy1197 2 жыл бұрын

@@meghanadalal9837 haa yes

@SP-un3rj 2 жыл бұрын

Yes sir please make it

@AmirKhan-zy9qc 3 жыл бұрын

Actually, the function of the abstract class is the programmer shouldn't be able to use a class and its method but he has to provide those methods and its definition to other inheriting classes. By using such a feature the programmer is forcing himself to provide different definitions in inheriting classes. Here what Navin is trying to say is all electronics like laptops desktops and mobiles are computers so the programmers must define all the parts like display and processor to all electronics like laptops desktops and mobiles because without such part they won't work

@samgaines2886 Жыл бұрын

Thanks for this. Understood the concept but didn’t really get the “why.” This helps

@malaygangulycodinghighway8547 4 жыл бұрын

wonderful sir, great tutorial, thank you

@meershahidmanzoor 2 жыл бұрын

Respected and honourable sir ,i have been learning python from scratch only on your KZfaq channel. I wanna thank you from bottom of my heart.Till now i didn't face any problem or confusion.but now i was Little bit confused about the abstract class, why do we use and why do we need them. ***I have come up with a conclusion that : we use abstract classes and abstract method to override the abstract method again and again in other subclasses of abstract class.*** If it is correct? kindly reply.Big fan sir❤️...God bless you

@yes_i_am8378 4 жыл бұрын

where is your energy man in this tutorial? Btw, U r awesome...

@theprimordialdude1138 4 жыл бұрын

Many many thanks for posting the missed leathers of python. We are waiting for it👌👌👌👌😋😋

@alonsom.donayre1992 4 жыл бұрын

Sorry i cant understand very well what u said about when is useful to use an abstract classs only with abstract methods? can you answer me that please

@superallipalli 3 жыл бұрын

Loved this video! Good explanation , good job.

@bsmaheshkumar5328 3 жыл бұрын

1. Abstract base class desire its subclass or child class to instantiate the class object by inheriting its base class. 2. ABC methods require to its proceeding methods in a subclass to add the functionality. 3. ABC just def the methods but all its functionality will be designed by a subclass. 4. ABC customize the behaviour of isinstance() and issubclass()

@pranavnyavanandi9710 2 жыл бұрын

Did you know ABC is what is called a "metaclass"?

@8860777750 Ай бұрын

Thanks for making such helpful video for learners. But I either was not able to understand the ABC concept of class & method by watching this video or video missed the good example of this. Thanks to chatGPT it gave me below real world example which explains the concept really well. e.g. a vehicle might have common attributes like speed, fuel, and methods like start(), stop(), and accelerate(). However, different types of vehicles (e.g., car, motorcycle, truck) might have different implementations for these methods. 1. Vehicle is an abstract base class defining a common interface for all vehicles, with abstract methods like start(), stop(), and accelerate(). 2. Car, Motorcycle, and Truck are concrete subclasses of Vehicle, each providing its own implementation for the abstract methods. 3. Each subclass can have its own specific attributes and methods, but they all must implement the methods defined in the Vehicle base class. below is the code..... from abc import ABC, abstractmethod class Vehicle(ABC): def __init__(self, speed=0, fuel=100): self.speed = speed self.fuel = fuel @abstractmethod def start(self): pass @abstractmethod def stop(self): pass @abstractmethod def accelerate(self): pass class Car(Vehicle): def start(self): print("Car started") def stop(self): print("Car stopped") def accelerate(self): print("Car accelerating") class Motorcycle(Vehicle): def start(self): print("Motorcycle started") def stop(self): print("Motorcycle stopped") def accelerate(self): print("Motorcycle accelerating") class Truck(Vehicle): def start(self): print("Truck started") def stop(self): print("Truck stopped") def accelerate(self): print("Truck accelerating") car = Car() car.start() car.accelerate() car.stop() motorcycle = Motorcycle() motorcycle.start() motorcycle.accelerate() motorcycle.stop() truck = Truck() truck.start() truck.accelerate() truck.stop()

@gajendrasonare Жыл бұрын

By the defination, abstraction is used to hide complexity of program but this defination doesn't seems appropriate in python implementation of abstraction.

@Rajadahana Жыл бұрын

I am pretty much sure I have missed something, but I am not sure what it is.At 5:11 - I got the concept that if you inherit an Abstract class, the child class will also be Abstract. That I understood, tried and was successful. But didn't properly get the concept after that. If the parent class is an Abstract Class, and if the child class has its own methods, the methods of the child class run without a problem. Have I got it right?

@Techwithgk369 4 жыл бұрын

nice explanation in udemy

@python_knooobb 9 ай бұрын

can you please help with practice problems to go through th concept abstract class

@utkarshpuri3739 3 жыл бұрын

"If you can't explain a topic, you never understood it well" ~~ Someone

@jayasuryaviswanath2149 3 жыл бұрын

Einstein

@NoorAli-uu9wk Жыл бұрын

Absolutely Brilliant Video! Thanks

@sikandarsingh5594 4 жыл бұрын

Sir , make a video on metaclass, why it is used and implementation details..

@MasterCoder99 Жыл бұрын

Sir, could you do future videos on how to pass python certificiations, specifically the PCPP (Python institute professional certfied). By the way, brilliant instruction. Thanks

@umeshpatil6271 4 жыл бұрын

Thanks for making easy, understanding videos on python. But this one was a bit confusing for non IT people like me!!! Anyways thanks :-)

@rohitjoemendus8503 4 жыл бұрын

Why does this code show an error from abc import ABC, abstractmethod class Computer(ABC): @abstractmethod def process(self): pass class Laptop(Computer): def process(self): print("Running") class Whiteboard(Computer): def write(self): print("Writing") class Program: def work(self, com): print("Working") com.process() c1 = Laptop() c2 = Whiteboard() p1 = Program() p1.work(c1) p1.work(c2) You didn't show the output after you changed whiteboard as a child class.

@saddamahmad2310 4 жыл бұрын

thank you very much sir for this video

@PritishMishra 4 жыл бұрын

Please make videos on Python Projects

@ArhamKhan05 2 күн бұрын

Thank You So Much Sir.

@samadhanmhaske5900 4 жыл бұрын

Your grate sir thank so much

@codedjango 4 жыл бұрын

Thank you sir....please do a video on dataclasses in python3.5 and onwards...

@momenulislam8567 Жыл бұрын

The concept is actually tough to understand here if we don't have basic understanding of Java abstract class.. But very nicely explained. ❤🎉

@temporarychannel4339 Жыл бұрын

This vid isn't clear at all. I only understood b/c I know abstract classes from C++, only then did I understand overriding abstract methods in child classes. Otherwise, the explanation is very unclear but he did show how to create and override abstract classes/methods at least using the custom library.

@noobygeeko 4 жыл бұрын

Thanks sir for working for us

@rajeshseemakurthi1595 5 күн бұрын

excellent sir

@mohammedumarfarhan9900 4 жыл бұрын

I don't think so it's gonna work

@Friend01foru 3 ай бұрын

For those if didnt understood properly go through below code from abc import ABC, abstractmethod class Shape(ABC): @abstractmethod def area(self): pass @abstractmethod def perimeter(self): pass class Circle(Shape): def __init__(self, radius): self.radius = radius def area(self): return 3.14 * self.radius**2 def perimeter(self): return 2 * 3.14 * self.radius class Square(Shape): def __init__(self, side): self.side = side def area(self): return self.side**2 def perimeter(self): return 4 * self.side 1) here trying to directly instantiate shape will directly result in error as it is defined by abstract 2) here we have declared the area, perimeter as abstract , so any class that inherits shape class were forced to define those methods (or ) will result in error....reason why i did this is for any shape, ie square, rectangle, circle....calculating area and perimeter are important.

@boburbekbotirov8282 2 жыл бұрын

can do this namely take instance from child class by abstrac class

@udaypkumar 3 жыл бұрын

nice

@charlesalmadi9665 2 жыл бұрын

4:50 I expect it to work, because we are creating an object of a concrete rather than abstract class

@mohitkumargautam4060 4 жыл бұрын

sir...please makes video on data structures and algorithms with python please please

@abhilashk2534 2 жыл бұрын

Please add video for encapsulation concept(__x) to restrict input. Thanks!

@msnfsn754 3 жыл бұрын

from abc import * class examhall: @abstractmethod def instrument_box(self): pass #'bring instrument box' def water_bottle(self): print('bring water bottle') class students1(examhall): def maths(self): print('ok, i sure need one for the test') #so let me define an instument box def instrument_box(self): print('pencils, compass, ruler etc') class students2(examhall): def social(self): print('but i dont need one anyway') #but since its compulsory, let me bring an empty one def instrument_box(self): print('empty box') #or just pass s1 = students1() s2 = students2() s1.maths() s1.instrument_box() s2.social() s2.instrument_box()

@srinivasmarla3947 4 жыл бұрын

Hi Navin Reddy. I saw all your videos on python for beginners. And all the vids are very useful. I have a situation where i have different data in two files.only one column is common in bith the files. By using the above two files i have to create a new file. How can i do it in python

@vinaykumarpandiri4686 4 жыл бұрын

Please make lectures on Data Analytics and ML

@abubakarkhawaja4762 4 жыл бұрын

Sir Assalam o alikum, i am watching your videos on blockchain and i am really very impressed how you explain everything in detail i have a question In hyperledger fabric there are 2 ways to reach consensus endosers and orders. What i am asking is who are endosers if they are admins Doesnt it make hyperledger centralized? Can i be an endoser?

@seferideveloper6933 Жыл бұрын

Ve aleykumselam

@exevil2056 2 жыл бұрын

Is this done to achieve abstraction from oops concept , please I need answer

@gopalakrishnadoddi4869 3 жыл бұрын

Sir your specticulars are nice today

@antimghosh7208 4 жыл бұрын

plzz make a series on REST API details on python with a hands-on project

@VictorKDurand Жыл бұрын

Ok so if you need to create multiple class objects which all have something in common and which you need to imperatively implement because you will later need to call (such as obj.process() in this video), then you use an ABC class and enforce the child classes to all have the set of methods you want. That's what I understand.

@maazshaikh9715 2 жыл бұрын

Very informative video. I have one doubt. I don't agree with this statement - "An abstract method is a method that has a declaration but does not have a definition." We can define the abstract method and use it later with super function. Right?

@haricharan2836 Жыл бұрын

You can

@priyankachendekar7720 3 жыл бұрын

what is difference between interface and abstract class,getting confused on this abstract class and method concept

@Sharukkhan-kx9rw 3 жыл бұрын

Could you try different examples like Pizza, Burger instead of the Computer, please?

@mohanadmohamed5501 3 жыл бұрын

10:38 Whiteboard class extend Laptop class because it has the implication "definition" of the abstract method "process" otherwise we must implement "define" it inside the Laptop class. am I correct?

@pawnage3 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much!

@tkishore1260 2 жыл бұрын

Sir this video is little confusing . I used computer inside whiteboard class then I should get the output right ? But I'm getting error that can't instantiate abstract calss whiteboard with abstract mathods process

@anuragr5850 2 жыл бұрын

super cool!😺

@piyasidey2117 4 жыл бұрын

Sir please make another video about abstraction class and method..it's too confusing.

@cosmicchild7182 2 жыл бұрын

Good Explanation !

@joshibrothers5499 2 жыл бұрын

Nice

@azanhaider 4 жыл бұрын

I am coding a sign language translation project. i am getting error "Process finished with exit code 134 (interrupted by signal 6: SIGABRT)". can you please help with this reply asap

@mehedeehassan208 2 жыл бұрын

What can we do about interface like java ? Say, we need to implement strategic design patter like java we cannot use interface ,what should we do then ?

@athirap8862 3 жыл бұрын

Can you make a video on infrastructure automation using powershell and python

@its_kumar 4 жыл бұрын

Please make a video on multiple inheritance in python.... ☺️

@sreelakshmirajesh1855 6 ай бұрын

I have a doubt that, what is the significance of abstract method because method overloading and inheritance seems to be same as abstract classes... couldn't find the difference in between them...can you please help in this?

@palakgupta50 4 жыл бұрын

Is it necessary to implement all the abstract methods in a single sub class??

@umarshaikh1952 3 жыл бұрын

We can not create the object of laptop class because inside the laptop class is abstract method if we create the object of abstract so we will get the error

@tanaysamanta4730 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you

@ritikaagarwal7 2 жыл бұрын

At 9:51 my output comes only 'solving bugs'..that com.process is not executing..i dont understand what is happening and there is no error showing

@deepakreddyt 3 жыл бұрын

Doubt from abc import ABC,abstractmethod class Computer(ABC): @abstractmethod def process(self): pass class Whiteboard(Computer): def write(self): print("Writing") class Laptop: def solve(self,com): print("solving") com.process() com1=Whiteboard() s=Laptop() s.solve(com1) "F:\PYthon oo\venv\Scripts\python.exe" Traceback (most recent call last): com1=Whiteboard() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Whiteboard with abstract methods process

@deepakreddyt 3 жыл бұрын

you mean that if i use Whiteboard(Computer) i must have process method in white board class so that only code works is n't ??? thats the use of abstract class i hope you will reply soon.......

@aishwaryalaxmiveeramalla739 4 жыл бұрын

It had taken me 1 hr to properly understand this one....but finally i felt the example was cool. Thank you Sir.

@muddasarajmal2454 2 жыл бұрын

Great explaination, but can you please differentiate between inheritance and abstraction. Anyone can answer to it to spread knowledge. Thanks.

@gaurrahul619 4 жыл бұрын

How to create Final method in Python as I import typing module but it didn't work

@_.sunnyraj._ 3 жыл бұрын

I heard goosebumps in whole video Was it only me

@MDIMRAN-ze3rj Жыл бұрын

What are the benefits of Abstract class? Why do we use it ??

@prashantkumargautam4191 3 жыл бұрын

Yes it will work, if in inherits

@gvbg5923 3 жыл бұрын

The same program i have executed but still the same error TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class ChildABST with abstract methods AbsMet here in the video naveen executed successfully but it's not when i tried with the same, what's wrong it has i dont understand

@dhananjayyeole7076 Жыл бұрын

why com.process() is used in class Programmer??

@rachamallasairamreddy45 3 жыл бұрын

how can we define a variable in abstract

@ankireddy5483 4 жыл бұрын

Upload a videos on boto3 please

@indreeshpandey343 3 жыл бұрын

sir please bring up a series of python for intermediate

@gauravtalwar358 3 жыл бұрын

Need more clarity on Abstract Class and Methods

@jawadaslam8537 3 жыл бұрын

can a non abstract class have abstract methods in python ..in java,c++ its not but what about python

@SwapnadeepMukherjee 3 жыл бұрын

@4:38 : No, it won't work. The class that inherits an abstract class is also an abstract class and can't be instantiated.

@jitendrajitu5233 4 ай бұрын

wont work....because of abstract methods must be defined at all , otherwise it would be defined by its sub classes

@Exposia 3 жыл бұрын

Actually I think abstract class and method is under the concept of method overriding and concept of inner class ..the commenters are confusing because of telusco didn't give any episode number or didn't connect with previous video because of it was uploaded in 2020 I think 😅

@zeeshanrafique8175 4 жыл бұрын

Hi @Telisko , Which video editing tool you use ?

@anishnepal3486 4 жыл бұрын

camtasia studio

@Ragul60 3 жыл бұрын

Sir it's confusing 😐😐 please make another video for abstract classes and methods 🙏🙏 @Telusko

@dineshcuts 3 жыл бұрын

Bro need a video abt encapsulation

@binuscorpia 4 жыл бұрын

can you explain the concept with real life examples?

@user-fn5yt8st8u 3 жыл бұрын

nothing understood during the last part of video please make a video on this again

@DGDG0000000 4 жыл бұрын

OK, but much more, can you limit the argument type to pass to be Computer type child only? Because THIS should be something more about abstraction contract to be.