The Byzantine-Sasanian War of 602-628 CE

  Рет қаралды 25,557

Thersites the Historian

Thersites the Historian

Күн бұрын

In this video, I look at the Byzantine-Sassanian War of 602-628 CE. This conflict is one of the most important wars fought during the Middle Ages and left both of these ancient empires weak and vulnerable.

Пікірлер: 91
@xmaniac99
@xmaniac99 4 жыл бұрын
What Heraclius placed on the coins is “Salus et Gloria Romanorum” meaning for the health/safety and glory for all Roman peoples.
@seanspindleshanks2529
@seanspindleshanks2529 2 жыл бұрын
Man, it's kinda poetic that the Sassanids were defeated at Nineveh. Like, the first great Persian empire, the Median Empire, rose after defeating the Assyrians and destroying Nineveh. And then, almost exactly a thousand years later, the last Zoroastrian Persian Empire heaved its final breath outside the ruins of the city they built their power upon. I know the Sassanids lasted a few more decades, but the defeat at Nineveh essentially sealed their fate.
@amrtahistory
@amrtahistory Жыл бұрын
What interests me even more is they are still around after all these centuries and never ceased to exist. not only nineveh and karbala is sacred to them but there are their area on political influence as well
@ilnigromante666
@ilnigromante666 3 жыл бұрын
An epic war that aside from scholars and enthusiasts of the Eastern Roman Empire, remains solemnly ignored in the western world.
@colbattusa
@colbattusa 3 жыл бұрын
Looks like Heraclius was employing a Fabian strategy. He was certain to have studied the 2nd Punic War
@user-rq2ly4bf1w
@user-rq2ly4bf1w 2 жыл бұрын
Which is ironic, because after he won the war against the Sassanids, he was acclaimed as "Scipio Africanus" by his Roman subjects.
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
Idk if you can say that’s certain
@Nonamearisto
@Nonamearisto 5 жыл бұрын
While it was a Pyrrhic victory for the Eastern Roman Empire, it was only Pyrrhic because of the Arabs Muslim invasions such a short time after. If not for that, this would have been major, positive, and undeniable turning point. With a crippled Persia (which fell into civil war and would have fragmented, with only a Sassanid rump state remaining at best), and no Islam to fight, the Eastern Roman Empire would have been able to turn most of its attention to the Balkans and Italy, and would likely have turned the slavs there into subjects (something which happened at times in real life), and would have purged the Lombards in a hopefully less violent and plague-filled replay of Justinian's reconquest of Italy. From there, they might have retaken Visigothic Spain when that country fell into civil war in the early 700s, and we'd be speaking of a Byzantine Invasion of Spain (again) rather than a Moorish one.
@soroushtorabi98
@soroushtorabi98 2 жыл бұрын
it can't be counted as a "win"
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
Idk if it would have been totally a positive change yes it was a basically unqualified victory for Rome but there were many nations in formation that might have posed a similar threat to the state and many great social changes as well. The counterbalance with Persia, which had turned very unstable with the Lazic War era was actually beneficial to both sides. I think there might have been further attempts at restoration of authority in peripheral areas but I don’t think this could be maintained without some compelling new order.
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
@@soroushtorabi98 No in the moment it was a tremendous victory. Frankly probably a more complete victory than many in the court wanted. It was not the destruction of the Persian empire this is true. I think rather than consider if Rome had not lost its Syrian campaign vs the Muslims a more interesting what if to consider is the Persians continuing their early success vs the Muslims.
@soroushtorabi98
@soroushtorabi98 2 жыл бұрын
@@henripentant1120 he just avoided the roman empires full destruction he couldn't do anything else
@Nonamearisto
@Nonamearisto 2 жыл бұрын
@@soroushtorabi98 Oh yes, it can. It ended over half a millennium of Roman-Persian wars. But did it weaken both empires to the point that Muslim armies could threaten both? Yes.
@greg_4201
@greg_4201 10 ай бұрын
This is an excellent presentation. Absolute highest standard 🏆 Perfect balance of detail and supposition for an in-depth overview.
@MegaTang1234
@MegaTang1234 3 жыл бұрын
If any roman deserves the title of "the Roman Hannabil" it would be Heraclius
@beeebz1192
@beeebz1192 6 жыл бұрын
Great video man! Love your content
@ThersitestheHistorian
@ThersitestheHistorian 6 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@firefoxlani7475
@firefoxlani7475 6 жыл бұрын
There are some sources stating that Heraclius deliberately weakened and crippled the armies of Illyricum and Thrace, because he feared that they may rebell against him after overthrowing Phocas.He also left the Balkans undefended .If those assumptions are true, then Heraclius made a fatal mistake, because he destroyed the core of the Byzantine army by both weakening the army and neglecting the Balkans(who was the best recruiting center for Byzantine army).
@AleexGod
@AleexGod 5 жыл бұрын
Actually the best recruitment pool available for the Byzantines, both for quality and quantity, was Anatolia, especially the eastern part of it, in Trebizond and the surrounding area.
@marcelcostache2504
@marcelcostache2504 4 жыл бұрын
@@AleexGod Wrong my friend the late roman/ early eastern roman (byzantine army) recruited its best soldiers from the still speaking latin provinces of the balkans, emperors like justinian and generals like belisarius came from these areas, heraclius even invited the slavs to settle in illyricum (forming modern serbs) hence pushing the latin speaking population all over the place thus forming the vlahs (aromanians, istriots and romanians)
@marcelcostache2504
@marcelcostache2504 4 жыл бұрын
@@AleexGod By the way Phocas was a greek speaking Thracian, and please give me proof that the best recuitment pool was in anatolia because appart from the ISSAURIANS most of the recruits where Illyrians, Thracians, Dacians, Moesians, most of them still used latin as there language.
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
@@marcelcostache2504 Not as simple as all that by a long shot. Consider the comparative conditions of the two regions-social, religious, economic, agricultural, etc etc. Economic or financial concerns being pretty important considerations here in this period of blending duties military and civil, and the economic favoritism toward Trace of recent emperors. I do feel that two cliques emerged with competent and transmissive leadership of both, both presenting the court with the need for counterbalance. Not really a matter of ‘reliability’ or competence being greater in one than the the other. Consider that there were certainly differences in exposure to different enemy tactics as well as a difference in composition of symmachoi auxiliaries that made a difference in how they were perceived. The Thracians were certainly prominent for a long while, but they were resented by an ‘Armenian’/Caucasian group that had as much distinction militarily and politically since at least the era of Maurice, and frankly this issue must have been festering since Justin I jumped over the court to become emperor. I find both Priscus and the general Phillippicus to be fairly equally capable militarily and politically.
@markselby9352
@markselby9352 Жыл бұрын
Which sources say this?
@AliHassan-vd6zj
@AliHassan-vd6zj 4 жыл бұрын
Its not Chasrau but Khosrau!
@aliakbarsafdari4084
@aliakbarsafdari4084 3 жыл бұрын
You're mispronouncing Khosrau as "chazz-row" The actual pronounciation is "khuss-rou" with a hard K.
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you
@hisholiness4537
@hisholiness4537 2 жыл бұрын
Chadrow
@praveenb9048
@praveenb9048 Жыл бұрын
I think the mistake arises from the hellenicized/anglicized version "Chasroes".
@ezzovonachalm9815
@ezzovonachalm9815 Жыл бұрын
I asked myself WHO this Charles Rose was ! So it was Khosroe II the Shahanshah of Persia !
@geordiejones5618
@geordiejones5618 2 жыл бұрын
Heraclius was insane. Leads one last field army himself and accepts a challenge of single combat knowing any loss could be the end of the Romans. If he'd somehow managed to beat Khalid at Yarmouk he might have been glorified as one of the greatest commanders ever.
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
Priscus might disagree
@timurthelamest5630
@timurthelamest5630 3 жыл бұрын
Heraclius' re-organised army was actually defeated a few times by Shahrbaraz at Satidama or Batman Su River and Sarus River. Battle of Sarus River for some reason is seen as a Roman nominal victory as Heraclius managed to escape the trap set by Shahrbaraz but he would have suffered heavy casualties nonetheless. Obviously the results of these battles were not decisive as every time Heraclius or Shahrbaraz were defeated/ambushed they were able to recollect themselves fairly quickly. In addition, it is said the Persian Army at the Battle of Nineveh consisted of troops from the Royal Guard (Immortals and Savaran) and were able to keep their order and not rout, as well as inflict high casualties despite being outnumbered perhaps 5:1 in an open field battle.
@soroushtorabi98
@soroushtorabi98 2 жыл бұрын
exactly . sadly there are not much unbiased details in hands from 7th century to understand what exactly happened . by the way about the immortal thing which refrences mentioned that ? can you tell me the name , I'm really gathering info about the Persian army these days
@dillonblair6491
@dillonblair6491 2 жыл бұрын
Lol they got crunched by heraclius get over it
@nicbahtin4774
@nicbahtin4774 Жыл бұрын
this war is like War of the Beard from Warhammer the one the brot the two super powers to the brink
@aradsstates9584
@aradsstates9584 5 жыл бұрын
The war that was never have to be happened as an iranian i never gone forgive khosrau the second (khosro parviz)
@ezzovonachalm9815
@ezzovonachalm9815 Жыл бұрын
Arads States Khosroe II attacked Constantinople to kill the usurper Phokas who had killed Emperor Maurikios, his βασιλεοπατωρ since Khosroe had married a daughter of Maurikios. So Khosroe II was not an ennemy of the East Roman Empire. As he conquested Jesuralem Khosroe took the Holy Cross so as to make a present to his beloved second wife Shirin, who was a catholic. As Kavad ,the oldest son of Khosroe II had massacred all of his brothers and Khosroe himself, he restituted the Holy Cross to the Roman Empire ,as well as all territories conquested by his father. Shirin and Khosroe had a daughter who later married a Mamikonian an ancestor of Saint Theodora ,the spouse of emperor Theophilos and the Emperess that put an end to the second ikonoklastic period. The love story of Khosroe and Shirin is one of the most beautiful works of the precious Persian litterature ..
@markjames1260
@markjames1260 2 жыл бұрын
At minute 19:37 or so, the video says Jerusalem had never in the hands of a non-Roman power since 63 BC when Pompey captured it. No true. Between 40-39 BC Jerusalem was in the hands of Parthian Prince Pacorus I, who installed the Hasmonean Antigonus II was king of Judea. In 39 BC the Parthian army was drawn out of the Levant to fight Rome elsewhere, but Palestine was still firmly held by Antigonus. Herod and the Romans finally besieged and conquered Jerusalem in 37 BC. Like between 67 and 70 AD, the Romans chose to pacify the rest of Palestine (minus Masada) before attempting to retake Jerusalem. The Parthians and Antigonus never captured Masada where Herod's family had taken refuge since 40 BC. I don't know if Antigonus besieged Masada, or merely attempted to contain it. Herod, but not his family, escaped Masada in 40 BC and sought help from the Nabateans in vain before he plied the Romans.
@Nonamearisto
@Nonamearisto 5 жыл бұрын
There's no reason to think that Constantinople shrank to only a few tens of thousands thanks to the grain dole being removed. The church still fed the poor and the city still had, at minimum, hundreds of thousands of people in it until after the sack in 1204.
@nathanieljones7981
@nathanieljones7981 2 жыл бұрын
Yeah not sure where he got that from. The grain dole hurt but not as much as he mentioned. As if it did they would've killed him
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
I seem to recall a pretty regular recurrence of plague during the same time which might’ve helped but basically agree the grain dole was one of many control mechanisms not the sole vital one
@ezzovonachalm9815
@ezzovonachalm9815 Жыл бұрын
Who is Charles Rose,?Do You mean Khosroe II ?
@sergemann5951
@sergemann5951 Жыл бұрын
You can tell a good Historian from being unbiased.
@rborecki222
@rborecki222 4 жыл бұрын
Ruins (roo-ins), not roins.
@matm4413
@matm4413 6 ай бұрын
anyone ever finding themselves think how great empires were, go learn about this and late rome in general, it is simply so disheartening to see a state so weak and decaying to the point where its own population will be utterly unable to mount any defense of their own lives. All of this has happened before and all of this will happen again for any empire where people are subordinate to the state itself
@theomnissiah-9120
@theomnissiah-9120 6 жыл бұрын
Why was Byzantium so pro to rebellions
@arthurralstonwakeupblackpe5940
@arthurralstonwakeupblackpe5940 5 жыл бұрын
Location and the strategic positions on the golden horn ...
@jokester3076
@jokester3076 5 жыл бұрын
the imperial office was not hereditary or based on a divine mandate system, anyone with the backing of the army could claim the throne. Emperors had to appoint their sons as “Co-emperors” in order to maintain a dynasty, if both died the senate or the army could and often would elect a new emperor.
@MegaBaddog
@MegaBaddog 4 жыл бұрын
multicutural and multi racial societies with each ethnic group trying to compete with one another than trying to join and support each other
@OkurkaBinLadin
@OkurkaBinLadin 3 жыл бұрын
All of you have good points. Basically, rebellions are assured, when the authority of government is in question. Multiculturalism, lost war, slandering, but also decentralization and rapid increase in number of uber-rich elitists (wanna be kings) all feed the fire. Its not always fault of the head of state, he is just the first target of mob.
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
I wouldn’t call the Persian or Islamic empires exactly stable either
@user-ry2qs7xf9k
@user-ry2qs7xf9k 2 жыл бұрын
A man who lived in Mecca prophecied about this!
@tiata23
@tiata23 2 жыл бұрын
how would the arab expansion have gone without this war? would islam even be a major religion still?
@ramtin5152
@ramtin5152 2 жыл бұрын
Nah If this war never happened, the Persians and the Romans would've beat Arabs asses for sure The main reason that Arabs were so successful in their early conquests is that both of these empires were weakened Take a look at Invicta's video about the Roman campaign in Arabian Peninsula in the first century They didn't stand a chance against the Romans Or the Legendarian's video about Shapur II the great He fought the invading Arabs and defeated tribe after tribe while he was only 16 Al Tabari wrote that he only needed 1000 elite soldiers for that, and they were called Pushtigban They were the elite soldiers of the elite unit of the 10,000 Sassanid Immortals But probably it was during his first battles He increased his numbers to something like 20,000-25,000 in his next battles but still didn't fought them with his main army He raided the Arabian Peninsula and even reached and plundered Yathrib (Medina) At the end of his Arab campaign, he only lost 5000 men but 45,000 Arab warriors were slain He gained great victories against both Romans and Huns in the east after this campaign
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
Interesting question idk if islam would have flourished but imo the arabs were a problem like the slavs that could only have gotten more pressing
@jameshunk7211
@jameshunk7211 Жыл бұрын
Shapur? 1st Century? All of that centuries before Islam. Arab no longer same after 6th century. It would still havr makr easy work for Any blasphemous empire
@ericr.7311
@ericr.7311 3 жыл бұрын
5:47
@papazataklaattiranimam
@papazataklaattiranimam 2 жыл бұрын
Roman*-Sasanian War
@bpsalami9864
@bpsalami9864 2 жыл бұрын
If you say "Sasanian", then you should call this event "Heraclian-Sasanian war" (Phocas was non-dynastic).
@Elizabeth20-
@Elizabeth20- 4 ай бұрын
burada bile varsın amk inanılmaz
@Fravahar
@Fravahar 2 жыл бұрын
typical euro centric point of view! you never tried to tell the events from Iranian side!
@TheWazzoGames
@TheWazzoGames 2 жыл бұрын
This is a series covering the History of The Eastern Roman Empire…. Lol
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
We lost! The end
@neuralwarp
@neuralwarp 3 жыл бұрын
It's AD not CE. If you don't like it, start your own year numbering system. Don't mess with ours. How about "Ab United States of America Condita" (AUSAC) ?
@buddys6840
@buddys6840 2 жыл бұрын
What's the difference
@lightfeather9953
@lightfeather9953 2 жыл бұрын
Don't all historians use CE?
@ezzovonachalm9815
@ezzovonachalm9815 Жыл бұрын
​@@lightfeather9953 No ! only deconstructivist linkoid historians who hate christianism do use CE
@dindin8753
@dindin8753 9 ай бұрын
It doesn't matter it just a year numbering system lol
@orabi3091
@orabi3091 8 ай бұрын
why are you mad? it's just a year numbering system and he's not the one who invented it. So, it doesn't matter
@JustinTyme33
@JustinTyme33 3 жыл бұрын
This supposed period in history makes no sense. I don’t believe that it’s been recorded or told correctly. There is no destruction layer in all of Persia where the Persian would have lost to the Arabs. I believe the Persians won the war and their empire was taken over by the Arabs. Heraclitus never recovered any of the lands he lost to the Persian/Arab empire. History has absolutely been distorted.
@KeyhaneBishomar
@KeyhaneBishomar 3 жыл бұрын
there are all the shiraz old towns and western Iran ruins belong to the arab invasion. there are even few paintings described the arab califs destroying zoroastrian temples or holy objects.
@timurthelamest5630
@timurthelamest5630 3 жыл бұрын
@@KeyhaneBishomar I think he's trying to say that he believes that Heraclius' counter invasion was not as successful as the sources state, that the Sassanids were able to retain the conquered lands until the Muslims invaded since they still would have been exhausted. Based on the sources he is somewhat correct, most of the conquered land was given back to Heraclius by Shahrbaraz due to an agreement to have his support to win the Sassanid throne.
@henripentant1120
@henripentant1120 2 жыл бұрын
@@timurthelamest5630 the Romans were eager to deal with the Persian aristocracy and exploit the nation not rape it wholesale and thereby lower its productivity that would have been zero sum for them as it was not for thePersians in Anatolia and Syria.
@hisholiness4537
@hisholiness4537 2 жыл бұрын
This is one of the most criminally understudied periods of history specifically because the dominant catholic mindset of the west. A damn shame, because this is perhaps one of the most important periods in human history.
@dindin8753
@dindin8753 9 ай бұрын
How can the Persians won the war when they got destroyed and didn't get any territorial change themselves.
The Rise of Islam to 632 CE: Circumstances and Conditions
27:14
Thersites the Historian
Рет қаралды 21 М.
ЧУТЬ НЕ УТОНУЛ #shorts
00:27
Паша Осадчий
Рет қаралды 10 МЛН
Secret Experiment Toothpaste Pt.4 😱 #shorts
00:35
Mr DegrEE
Рет қаралды 38 МЛН
Опасность фирменной зарядки Apple
00:57
SuperCrastan
Рет қаралды 12 МЛН
Inside Out Babies (Inside Out Animation)
00:21
FASH
Рет қаралды 23 МЛН
Introduction to Medieval Slavic Paganism
31:54
M. Laser History
Рет қаралды 76 М.
History RE-Summarized: The Byzantine Empire
43:19
Overly Sarcastic Productions
Рет қаралды 789 М.
Phocas, 602-610
27:06
Thersites the Historian
Рет қаралды 22 М.
First Crusade, 1095-1099 CE
41:31
Thersites the Historian
Рет қаралды 24 М.
The Slavic Migration/Invasion
21:42
Thersites the Historian
Рет қаралды 124 М.
Charlemagne: The Father of Europe
21:53
Biographics
Рет қаралды 1,3 МЛН
Arab Conquests, 632-750
1:06:14
Thersites the Historian
Рет қаралды 45 М.
The Mongol Destruction of Baghdad
11:40
History Dose
Рет қаралды 1,5 МЛН
ЧУТЬ НЕ УТОНУЛ #shorts
00:27
Паша Осадчий
Рет қаралды 10 МЛН