The Destructive Switzerland Tsunami; The Tauredunum Event

Рет қаралды 27,231

Күн бұрын

The prospect of a tsunami occurring in Switzerland might initially sound absurd. Yet, this is exactly what occurred in Lake Geneva during 563 CE, when a series of events led to the partial destruction of several medieval era towns. This video discusses what is now referred to as "The Tauredunum Event", what caused it, and the maximum run up heights it brought to parts of Lake Geneva.
A special thanks to the EarthquakeSim KZfaq channel for making me a custom landslide animation which was utilized in this video! Subscribe to EarthquakeSim at: / @earthquakesim
Thumbnail Photo Credit: Unsplash, stockvault.net, CC0 1.0 license, www.stockvault.net/photo/1865.... This was then overlaid by text, then overlaid with GeologyHub made graphics (the image border and the GeologyHub logo).
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Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers
This video is protected under "fair use". If you see an image and/or video which is your own in this video, and/or think my discussion of a scientific paper (and/or discussion/mentioning of the data/information within a scientific paper) does not fall under the fair use doctrine, and wish for it to be censored or removed, contact me by email at geologyhubyt@gmail.com and I will make the necessary changes.
Various licenses used in sections of this video (not the entire video, this video as a whole does not completely fall under one of these licenses) and/or in this video's thumbnail image:
CC0 1.0: creativecommons.org/publicdom...
CC BY 2.0: creativecommons.org/licenses/...
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Sources/Citations:
[1] Kremer, Katrina & Simpson, Guy & Girardclos, Stéphanie. (2012). Giant Lake Geneva tsunami in AD 563. Nature Geoscience. 5. 756-757. 10.1038/ngeo1618.
[2] Swiss Seismological Service
[3] Nigg, V., Wohlwend, S., Hilbe, M. et al. A tsunamigenic delta collapse and its associated tsunami deposits in and around Lake Sils, Switzerland. Nat Hazards 107, 1069-1103 (2021). doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04..., CC BY 4.0
[4] Schoeneich, Philippe & Dupuy, David & Marillier, François. (2007). A rockfall triggered tsunami in Lake Geneva. The Tauredunum 563 AD event.
[5] Reade, H., Tripp, J.A., Charlton, S. et al. Radiocarbon chronology and environmental context of Last Glacial Maximum human occupation in Switzerland. Sci Rep 10, 4694 (2020). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61..., CC BY 4.0. Figure 1 in this scientific paper was loosely traced to show the outline of glacial extent approximately 15,000 years ago.
0:00 Switzerland Tsunami
0:36 563 CE Landslide
2:19 Tsunami Progression
4:02 Ice Age

Пікірлер: 67

@EarthquakeSim 10 ай бұрын

Thanks for using my 3D landslide simulation! :) This was such an interesting topic! I never knew that even deltas could destabilize and generate a tsunami. It does make sense that the mass of loose sediments could easily start sliding towards a lower point underwater hence dislocating a large volume of water and creating the waves.

@ogedeh 10 ай бұрын

That simulation was so cool!

@deanlawson6880 10 ай бұрын

Yes, that simulation was really excellent! I like how the Branding for this YT channel was included in the slope that slid. Really excellent simulation!!

@onemoreguyonline7878 10 ай бұрын

I love that GeologyHub cites the crap out of his videos. Really brings everyone up.

@Add1cted 10 ай бұрын

Fun Fact: There was a Tsunami in the north-eastern part auf Salzburg, Austria at the Wolgangsee Lake, which also originated from a huge landslide/rockslide that collapsed into the lake, sending out a tsunami that reflected on the other shoreline. Happened in 1907 as far as i remember correctly. Luckily no deaths where reported.

@skateboardingjesus4006 10 ай бұрын

🎵Slope on the water🎵.

@aldo5428 10 ай бұрын

On the Lake Geneva shoreline…

@antoineroquentin2297 10 ай бұрын

Also remarkable was the 1513 Monte Crenone rock avalanche in southern Switzerland. The landslide blocked the river Brenno, creating a new, ~33m deep lake. 2 years after the rockslide, the dam burst, killing more than 500 people downstream.

@eljanrimsa5843 10 ай бұрын

We also had a fatal 4 m tsunami in Lake Lucerne in 1601, more conventionally triggered by a earthquake causing landslides. Since Switzerland has many earthquakes and many lakes next to steep mountainsides, tsunamis are a low-key constant danger in many locations.

@fallinginthed33p 10 ай бұрын

Landslides are a constant danger in the Alps. It's sobering to see huge boulders roll downhill and smash through houses.

@standom2390 10 ай бұрын

That’s why I like Bern. No lakes and no mountains around it. Though, lakes and mountains are fav destinations in summer and winter..

@Quarterborefan 10 ай бұрын

This makes me want to suggest covering the "bridge of the gods" landslide that blocked the Columbia River within time of natives

@TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx 10 ай бұрын

Thanks! The way the first landslide triggered the second one is terrifying, and it is also quite worrying as more and more glaciers are melting more and more rapidly! Earthquake Sim's landslide simulation is great! Your profile picture was even included!

@CTP1111 10 ай бұрын

visited lake geneva this summer, what an incredibly beautiful place!

@juandiegoprado 10 ай бұрын

I’m happy you made a video about this! I live in Geneva and when I first learned that a natural disaster like that had happened I couldn’t believe it. Btw just for future reference, Nyon is pronounced “Nee-ohn” with the accent on the “ohn” and Lausanne is pronounced “Loh-san” with the accent on the “san”.

@melgillham462 10 ай бұрын

There is somewhere here on YT a video that shows destabilized farmland actively sliding. Its terrifying to watch.

@michaelkrell9794 10 ай бұрын

Writing to you from Nyon right now :) Pronunciations made me chuckle so I can’t help but correct them ! Nyon should sound closer to “neo” ( not perfect but closest you can get without speaking French) Lausanne is pronounced like Roseanne, but with an L “Lozeanne” Love the vids

@carolynallisee2463 10 ай бұрын

If it's happened more than once since the lake formed, then its almost certain to happen again. However, humans may be able to modify areas at risk of such things to reduce that risk.

@EarthquakeSim 10 ай бұрын

you are right about that! I'm sure geologists could identify many regions where landslides occurred on the lake. That area is also prone to earthquakes which could make landslides even more frequent.

@sterntaler64 10 ай бұрын

We have governmental maps for various risks in Switzerland. Villages with enhanced risk of landslides, rockfall, avalanches or earthquakes provide their own maps concerning inhabitated areas.

@OpaSpielt 10 ай бұрын

Thank you for the interesting video. 🙂 These lakes in the alpine region of Switzerland, Italy, Austria, and Germany are really picturesque, and therefore, many people live on the banks. Having the lakes in front of the villages and towns and the steep mountains in the back, everyone enjoys such a place, if it's the local population or the tourists. Luckily, I don't live there but in a flatter place in Germany. But even here, we experience catastrophic events like the flooding of July 2021. Back to the alps. Milder weather will cause more and more permafrost in the crest regions to disappear. And so the steep mountain tops will eventually cause more and more landslides. Of course, I can't prove it, but I guess landslides will increase in frequency as this century continues. And so will tsunamis in the alpine lakes of the alpine countries. And of course, this will happen at all lakes and fjords of countries with a similar topography and climate. This topic is very important and interesting. Thank you again, and have a nice day 🖐🏼👴🏼

@nodreb123 10 ай бұрын

Fascinating video. I was just there last week visiting friends who BTW refer to Lake Geneva as Lac Leman.

@727Phoenix 10 ай бұрын

I keep thinking of what Neil deGrasse Tyson said: "Our universe is trying to kill us!"

@matthewsermons7247 10 ай бұрын

Yay, I asked about this event! PBS has a great video on the forensic geology and timeline reconstruction.

@TheHairlessGibbon 10 ай бұрын

Love your channel, thank you for your fine work. I live in Australia and am curious as to the origins of a geological anomaly we have. Using satellite images of the Northern Territory almost in the centre of Australia there is a roughly 500mile circle with Alice Springs at about 4 o'clock on the circular anomaly. Could you please have a look and give me your appraisal of what caused this ? Thank you again for your fine channel.

@anakmagsasakatv 10 ай бұрын

Thank you for sharing video.

@Vesuviusisking 10 ай бұрын

Thanks for this interesting video

@paulbennett7021 10 ай бұрын

I wish I could derive that much knowledge from examining the countryside! With global warming & retreating glaciers, expect something similar in the next few years

@rodofiron100 10 ай бұрын

I forget the name of it, but there is a great movie about a simular event that happend in a Norwegian fjord.

@marlies220 10 ай бұрын

Thank you for this Video. I was not aware of this fakt. Many times I been in Geneva and had no idea.

@baystated 10 ай бұрын

Ooooh new simulation! Awesome!

@RoseNZieg 10 ай бұрын

it's so fascinating to see if there were any inquiry prior to the landslide, given that it took 60(?) days for the whole process to occur.

@BongoFerno 10 ай бұрын

A similar catastrophe happened at the lake of the Vajont Dam in 1963, not far from Lake Geneva.

@Dragrath1 10 ай бұрын

Yeah if you live in a mountainous region particularly a relatively young and recently glaciated one this kind of landslide event is pretty much inevitable as erosion gradually wears away at mountains. While there are many ways that mountains can come down it is pretty much inevitable they will come down eventually so be aware where landslides have happened in the past as that tends to point to where they will happen in the future as well. Horseshoe like scarps scarring slopes, undulating hummocky terrain, little oblong shaped lakes and ponds, drop blocks seemingly out of place there are lots of signs though they can be subtle. Developers in the US love to build on any land they can including unstable slopes if they can get away with it so buyer beware. (Developers are frankly out of control)

@shannonkohl68 10 ай бұрын

No one expects the Swiss Tsunami!

@carmellapicard5742 10 ай бұрын

Thanks.

@adriennefloreen 10 ай бұрын

Have you seen a movie called "The Wave?" it is about an event like this, maybe inspired by this. We watched it when we were stranded in a hotel, and it was one of the few available movies on TV, a few years ago.

@nopenopenobody2971 10 ай бұрын

hey i don‘t know the facts, but wasn‘t the shore way more in the vally? i mean the delta of the rhone as showed here isn‘t very old at all

@tdw5933 10 ай бұрын

Alaska, Ol boys 1500 feet in the air, I am surprised that a Proctologist wasn't needed to remove the boat I seen something like this in Norway, all because a farmer dug a foundation for a barn.

@nct948 10 ай бұрын

wrong video?

@tdw5933 10 ай бұрын

@@nct948 same premise, dislocated land. But the video I seen I believe Norway? Farmer dug a barn foundation, and the way he stacked the earth at waters edge, and everything was glacial till, after the land slide it took three farms out to the sea.

@nct948 10 ай бұрын

@@tdw5933 As you were mentioning a boat, I wasn't sure you were commenting on the subject. Similar in a way to a pebble triggering an avalanche!

@sim-sam 10 ай бұрын

Well done! Says a Swissguy

@warpdriveby 10 ай бұрын

I don't think it's correct to refer to the source as "a Roman historian" because the western Roman Empire had fallen in 476CE almost a century earlier. Was it a Byzantine source via a report or, my guess, a monk or other clergy member of the Roman Church, which had kept Latin (though what is used today is hugely changed from classical Latin, this would have been far closer. I'm not trying to rag on you at all I love your channel and keep up to date on new releases, it's just a detail I can't ignore, like a splinter, and I really want to know who the source is and what they said.

@LadyAnuB 10 ай бұрын

I think it would be fair to call this source a Roman as, while the empire had fallen, it would take some time for all of the former empire to change to other cultures. After all, this event happened 87 years after the fall.

@amaneyugihanako-kunofthesi8849 10 ай бұрын

One of the sources describing the event was from Saint Gregory of Tours, who was Bishop of Tours, and who wrote about it in his "History of the Franks" so definitely a clergy member had written of the event. Not to mention that Churches were specifically mentioned in the video, and Gregory also wrote of them being swept away in his recounting of the event, so I'm guessing GeologyHub also took some words from Gregory's account as well.

@warpdriveby 10 ай бұрын

@@LadyAnuB Unless the individual had been born in Rome the city, I have to disagree. The Roman Empire wasn't culturally or even linguistically monolithic, and in 570 it's 87 years but back then that's 4 and even 5 or 6 generations because women might marry at 12 and have a child that year, it would have been more common to have a first child around 16 but most 18 year olds were on their third... if they lived through the preceding ones anyway. Not unlike today, Lake Geveva is a place where you're going to hear more French and German (Swiss), than anything else, possibly more English than Italian as well. It's like that on lake Constance but the order is usually Italian, Germanb then others in number of speakers. There are sixth century monk's chronicles from Ireland and England that are written in Latin. but they weren't speaking that language to most other individuals, and none would have been born a Roman citizen or to one. Nearly everything you could find written before the 15th century in Europe is going to be in Latin from Magna Carta to Dante's Divine Comedy. It's really just after the printing press and the Protestant Reformation when significant numbers of texts can be found in the languages spoken by contemporary people.

@grassnothing1631 10 ай бұрын

Tsunami

@digitaldreamer5481 10 ай бұрын

God, I’m really going to miss the lovely Tina Turner…RIP. ❤

@elephantwalkersmith1533 10 ай бұрын

Lake Leman, not Lake Geneva

@amaneyugihanako-kunofthesi8849 10 ай бұрын

Depends on where you are. Maybe if you're French, that's the name for it. Everyone else calls it Lake Geneva From Wikipedia: "While the exact origins of the name are unknown, the name Lacus Lemanus was in use during the time of Julius Caesar.[4] Lemannus comes from Ancient Greek Liménos Límnē (Λιμένος Λίμνη) meaning "port's lake". It became Lacus Lausonius, although this name was also used for a town or district on the lake, Lacus Losanetes, and then the Lac de Lausanne in the Middle Ages. Following the rise of Geneva it became Lac de Genève[5] (translated into English as Lake Geneva), but Le Léman was the common name on all local maps[6][7] and is the customary name in the French language. In contemporary English, the name Lake Geneva has become predominant."

@ZadakLeader 10 ай бұрын

Heh you need to brush up on the city names such as Nyon and Lausanne

@hobog 10 ай бұрын

"Seiche" versus "lake tsunami"

@joeps9151 10 ай бұрын

You really need to do something to address the quality of your audio. Your microphone picks up way to much low tones.

@kyantampos2016 10 ай бұрын

Can you do Mt silay in Philippines negros Occidental

@cutlerphillippe 10 ай бұрын

1st

@MrAstra001 10 ай бұрын

Many Norwegian multimillionaires have moved to Switzerland for tax reasons. 🙃

@aurelspecker6740 10 ай бұрын

There is also the human made risk of tsunamis: If a large hydrodam breaks. Happens rarely, and in Switzerland these infrastructures are well refurbished, but what if we become reluctant. Or even worse, Switzerland is somewhen a failed state and stuff falls into disrepair, just like in Libya or the forgotten "bomb" of Lebanon...

@BrandonPepper-iz6rh 10 ай бұрын

Didn’t see this on news or even yahoo… but I did see who Kim K is dating now…..

@unadavies372 10 ай бұрын

I do wish your title would include the date you will be speaking of…before I open and find myself disappointed…I’m interested in our present days…not in history…I’m sending my best wishes…

@mbvoelker8448 10 ай бұрын

The past is the key to understanding the present. And in terms of geologic time this occurred just yesterday.

@amaneyugihanako-kunofthesi8849 10 ай бұрын

@@mbvoelker8448 I'd dare say it happened just a geological minute ago, as 2000 years is but an hour to the Earth

@mbvoelker8448 10 ай бұрын

@@amaneyugihanako-kunofthesi8849 True. :D