The Meridian PT6A 42A Engine Start Procedure Explained

  Рет қаралды 95,578

Lakefront Aviation

Lakefront Aviation

2 жыл бұрын

This video is a complete description of the how to start the Piper Meridian PT6A-42A engine, and is intended for pilots transitioning to a PA46 turbine. It is not simply a pilot reading a checklist, it is a tutorial on what should be done, and why. This video includes what to do when things go wrong, and how to avoid a hot start. If you are new to the Meridian or M500, this is for you. Pilots of the JetProp and M600 may also benefit.

Пікірлер: 103
@nokalamaduna2709
@nokalamaduna2709 Жыл бұрын
I am a virtual pilot on Xplane and I don't even think I will ever own any PT6A engined airplane but I understood every bit of these instructions. Very good teacher and wishing you a very Long Life. Salute, Captain.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Thank you!
@jcbaker01
@jcbaker01 2 жыл бұрын
Outstanding video - thanks for taking the time to create and post this. It gives us piston flyers great insight into the turbine world.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, I am glad you found it interesting.
@MerlinspopTBH
@MerlinspopTBH 2 жыл бұрын
The O-360 in my club’s Archer may be the biggest engine I ever start, but I appreciate and thoroughly enjoyed the detailed explanation of starting the Meridian’s Pratt. Thanks!
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks, glad you liked it. I had an Archer years ago (my first plane), maybe you will have a Meridian some day.
@ersatzS2
@ersatzS2 Жыл бұрын
Thanks for putting together such a thoughtful and detailed explanation. My Pilatus on-boarding never mentioned certain nuances like wind direction at start. Very nicely done, thank you.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
@zambia61
@zambia61 Жыл бұрын
Very well presented and informative. Thank you. Former DC8 driver
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
thanks
@steveb1739
@steveb1739 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you Sir, for the very detailed and expert explanation.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you liked it.
@eduardoyurk2888
@eduardoyurk2888 9 ай бұрын
Congratz and thanks for the video! The explanation really helped now that I'll start flying this aircraft! Cound't find any better!
@markspitzer174
@markspitzer174 9 ай бұрын
Thanks! I am sure you will love the Meridian.
@bernardanderson3758
@bernardanderson3758 Жыл бұрын
Great point in knowing this about starting into the wind or as you say seeing the prop moving
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@jjcool7967
@jjcool7967 Жыл бұрын
This is the best video I have seen, as a student pilot this is the plane I'm going buy once I get more fight time
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
thanks!
@timdeckerairshows
@timdeckerairshows 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent explanation and video - thank you!
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@markperry762
@markperry762 2 жыл бұрын
Great video. Very detailed. Safe travels.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@yournway
@yournway 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, very useful and explanatory.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
I'm glad you liked it.
@billsheehy1
@billsheehy1 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent explanation. Thanks
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Glad it was useful.
@ph1shstix
@ph1shstix Ай бұрын
Great vid thanks for sharing,
@Breenild
@Breenild Жыл бұрын
Fantastic documentation, thank you very much! I'm not a real pilot, but I like to operate in my simulator as realistic as possible!
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 8 ай бұрын
Thanks!
@bernardanderson3758
@bernardanderson3758 Жыл бұрын
Checklists is always top notch in all aircraft
@AndreBSaba
@AndreBSaba 10 ай бұрын
Great video, thank you
@iandaniel1601
@iandaniel1601 Жыл бұрын
Amazing video, thank you.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@Striker744
@Striker744 Жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for a great video! New to the channel and new subscriber!
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
I m glad you enjoyed the video.
@pilotjenya
@pilotjenya 2 жыл бұрын
Captain, thanks for explaination, i fly on a piper m600 .
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you found it useful.
@Checho7-ky3pi
@Checho7-ky3pi 9 ай бұрын
Nice video !!! thanks
@VanPray
@VanPray Жыл бұрын
Thank you for putting together this video. Very good and informative. You covered Bat Voltage, health way better than Ive seen it at expensive training. What I do different is. During start, I allow the starter Ng to stabilize before introducing fuel, this shows me the capacity of the battery. I have personal limits. I want min 18% but a Cold battery, lower voltage, Ill except lower but next warm start should be back up. If a storm is coming 14%, Tornado 12.5%. If introducing fuel at 12.5 - 13% Ng, A weak, low capacity battery may drop voltage after light-off and could be hidden. As you stated Voltage Sag, or Dip shows battery health but nothing compares to Work (= Ng %) after a few seconds. The other thing is I, Count seconds after introducing fuel. Light off should happen at a consistent time. ie 4-5 sec, if no light off I continue to 10 sec, Fuel off, Starter off, WTF.... Having the set time and shut down procedure reduces the (oh shit I forgot the ignitors! On, Boom, Hot start. Take it for what its worth. Nice plane.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Those are all good ideas, and thank you for the detailed comment.. The only reasons can think of not to wait for Ng to stabilize as high as possible before introducing fuel are (1) there is a time limit on running the starter, and (2) if the battery is a bit weak, it may be better to light the fire as soon as possible to be sure there is enough juice to keep the starter running and the start cool. Thanks again.
@robbyyant6213
@robbyyant6213 20 күн бұрын
It's eye watering the amount of money aviation requires, especially when you start getting into turboprops and, even more so, turbofans. I will never understand how anyone can afford to operate these things.
@pittiuomo123
@pittiuomo123 2 жыл бұрын
By far the best explanation i have come across. Quick note on the itt being below 140, if the engine was hot due to a prior flight, do you let the itt temp drop by maintaing an ng at 13%? I think you mentioned that it only takes few extra seconds for it to drop below 140 if it was hot already.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the kind words. To answer your question: I have seen ITT up around 200 C after a quick turn, so typically I need it to drop about 60 C. Once I reach 13% Ng I just wait for ITT to come down to add fuel. It always comes down about 10 C per second, fast enough so I can tell I am not going to time-out the starter (30 sec limit). The Ng just keeps climbing while I'm waiting, but I am mostly focused on ITT, so I am not sure exactly what Ng reaches.
@pittiuomo123
@pittiuomo123 2 жыл бұрын
@@lakefrontaviation3444 I cant thank you anymore profusely for your quick reply and elaborate answer.
@whathasxgottodowithit3919.
@whathasxgottodowithit3919. 2 жыл бұрын
Great video, and very informative, it would be nice though if P & W had a fully automatic start and shutdown system available
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
More automation would be great. What these engines really need is a better fuel control unit. There could be an electric backup to the FCU to handle power roll back, something that would not require use of manual override.
@westondewinter3339
@westondewinter3339 Жыл бұрын
I believe the new pt6e series engines have addressed this.
@pittiuomo123
@pittiuomo123 2 жыл бұрын
Could you sometime (when time permits), do a video on takeoff power/climb and cruise limitations. Also, since the meridian and the pc12 doesn't have a prop lever, i presume the PCL sets the props automatically based on power setting? Thank you in advance. Safe flying
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
The Meridian has a prop governor that is set for 2000 RPM. It will be less at idle because there isn't enough power to get to 2000 RPM at idle, but generally it is at 2000 RPM for any power lever position. The only takeoff limitation is torque (well, technically there is always an ITT limit but it isn't reached on normal takeoffs). In cruise the main limitations are ITT, torque and airspeed. (Of course there are others and I ran into one this week: the fuel temp reached the lower limit of -34C and I had to descend a few thousand feet to warm it up.)
@UncleKennysPlace
@UncleKennysPlace 2 жыл бұрын
Ultimately, in today's world, the start should be "push start button". P&W is just going to that now, GE's Catalyst is designed with it. The RR's don't seem to have that in the plans.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
It would be nice to have it fully automated, but even with automation, I would want to monitor the start very carefully. What would be cool is an AI system that automatically shuts down the start if a hot start is predicted.
@niels9031
@niels9031 2 жыл бұрын
I just got MY bird and it was flown from Strasburg to Valence France yesterday Jan 14. This video is definitively a warning of what not to do - and that's usefull. THANKS! (I may look at this video some more times.......)
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Good luck with your new Meridian!
@billsheehy1
@billsheehy1 2 жыл бұрын
Strasbourg
@keitha.9788
@keitha.9788 Жыл бұрын
I'm surprised that P&W has not implemented a semi-automatic start procedure on the PT-6 which would protect the operator from a hot start.....
@radioace318la
@radioace318la 2 жыл бұрын
I used to work part-time for a UPS contractor loading ULDs into the Boeing 757. I note the wind would have the fans spinning in reverse. I asked the captain about a possible hot start considering the wind was hitting the aft engines. As we are standing next to one of the giant Rolls Royce RB 11 engines. it's free-spinning backward you can hear the clank clank clank of the fan blades. He said not much chance of hot-start because we would be using the Huffer at startup that night. I ask why the huffer? He said the APU isn't functioning properly and he would have it checked out in Louisville KT. I thought that was unusual.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
A couple jet pilots I talked to who shall remain nameless told me that the manual calls for turning the jet into the wind, but they never do it...
@charlesspillner2009
@charlesspillner2009 2 жыл бұрын
Outstanding Instruction. Is your checklist available?
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
I'll see if I can make it available on this channel. It is an excel file.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Well, I can't make it available on this channel without creating a video, but if you contact me at the address listed on www.lakefrontaviation.com, I will send the file excel to you.
@ImNotADeeJay
@ImNotADeeJay 3 ай бұрын
1800$ per blade, did I understand it well? how many of those does each turbine have, 20-25?
@troyh3628
@troyh3628 2 жыл бұрын
The most difficult plane I ever started was a fuel injected Skyhawk with an IO-320. I think they call it the monkey paw method. Thumb on the mixture with it at full lean, index finger and middle finger on the throttle at wide open, run the fuel pump for 4 seconds, turn the key, and at the exact moment the engine coughs switch the throttle and mixture positions. If you miss the cough you have to let it sit for 30 seconds and start from the top.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Interesting that the PT6 is easier to start than an IO-320, but if you do it wrong, much more costly.
@hawkdsl
@hawkdsl Жыл бұрын
I imagine it's even funner when it a hot start. (Skyhawk)
@tonylam9548
@tonylam9548 Жыл бұрын
Aviation tend to get away more with temperamental equipment. If Detroit make cars as difficult to start, they will not be in business long. It is so far behind the times , Rotax still have carbs for their engines, and slow to raise HP.
@kennethcohagen3539
@kennethcohagen3539 Жыл бұрын
Dip voltage, or voltage under load for a car battery is 9 volts when the starter is running. The starter will cause a voltage drop of 3 volts. All cars with distributors in a 12 volt system have ballast resistors that keep the voltage in the ignition system at a constant 9 volts. When the starter is engaged and the available voltage for the ignition system drops to 9 volts current to the ignition system bypasses the ballast resister until the starter is released via the cars key switch. When it is released current is sent through the ballast resistor thereby maintaining 9 volts. An airplane such as the meridian uses 24 volts instead of twelve. If the airplane uses a piston engine I would expect it to run a ballast resistor like a car does. In a turbine engine, I don’t know if that is necessary, but that would explain the dip voltage that the creator of this video is talking about.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching my video. Not sure if this clarifies anything, but the ignition system in the Meridian is fully electronic. I believe the dip voltage is simply a result of the huge load of the starter motor as it begins to turn.
@TechGorilla1987
@TechGorilla1987 8 ай бұрын
@5:52 - Testing a plane battery - breaks out a near $2000, true 6 1/2 digit resolution meter and props it on a stool in the hanger. That is the fastest "like" i ever slapped on a video.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 8 ай бұрын
Thanks, glad someone recognized a Keithley!
@Music-kz9ol
@Music-kz9ol Жыл бұрын
You called it dip(?) voltage, I never had a name for it but after turning on the battery switch I didn’t want the voltage to drop below 24 VDC with a NiCd battery, because of the discharge characteristics of the battery, when switching to lead/acid gel batteries I could get away with lower initial voltage. On initial starter engagement if the voltage dropped and didn’t start recovering, it was abort time and find an apu. Healthy start had N1 stabilizing above minimum and battery recovering. After start pay attention to voltage the longer it stays above 28 the sicker the battery is. I much rather start a turbine with PAS air.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
It is all about trying to get a handle on the health of the lead/acid battery before adding fuel. The initial bus voltage when I turn on the battery master gives me an estimate of the whether the battery is fully charged, and the "dip" voltage under the huge load of the starter motor is an indication of how much total energy is available. You are right that the voltage does need to start recovering. These are only rough estimates of battery health, but I know that if voltage is low, or the voltage does not recover, there might not be enough juice to avoid a hot start, so in that case I would abort.
@Heli4213
@Heli4213 2 жыл бұрын
Great video and very informative. How about a full flight with tons of information like in this video??
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks, I'll do it some day. Still working on best ways to mount the cameras. Meantime, check out the "Life in the Fast Lane (LIFL)" KZfaq videos made by an acquaintance in his almost identical G1000 Meridian.
@bkailua1224
@bkailua1224 2 жыл бұрын
I operated large turbofan engines for 16,000 hours and never had a start problem. I did have a starter fail at starter cutoff and the starter blew up. We only knew this happened because someone called on the radio and said they saw sparks come out of the center area of the engine cowl. After maint did an inspection they said the starter had exploded.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Once many years ago I standing in the FBO looking out at the ramp when I noticed a jet with flames shooting out of an engine, like a flame thrower. I can't remember how we got in touch with the pilot (I think the FBO desk called the tower). The answer back from the pilot was "it's normal." I still wonder if it was.
@pfflying6275
@pfflying6275 Жыл бұрын
Just before 8 minutes, you state and show on your checklist that the pumps and ignition are set manual. Yet at 8:45 in the video the switches now appear to be selected to Auto. The lights still show manual, but the switch position now is selected on AUTO. When did you switch it to auto and why? Confusing.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
When adding still images to a video to explain a detail or emphasize a point, I often don't have the exact photo I need and I have to improvise. In this case I used a photo of the switches that I had on hand, and changed the LEDs to green to indicate that they should be in manual mode. (I think the photo was probably taken in the hangar and the switches were physically in the off position.) When the engine is stable and idling with Ng around 64%, the fuel pumps are switched to auto and the ignition is turned off. Both go back to manual for take-off, then at 1,000 ft AGL they both go to auto.
@Breenild
@Breenild Жыл бұрын
If you have to push the plane into the wind, how can you do that? Can this heavy plane pushed manually buy one person?
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
One person can't turn the Meridian around. It takes at least two. Line crews will usually turn it around with a tug.
@diyfamily6848
@diyfamily6848 Жыл бұрын
Refering to the ITT I think you mesn TIT did you ?
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Turbine inlet temp (TIT) is the temperature of the hot exhaust gas generated by a piston engine where it enters the turbocharger. We check TIT a lot in the Malibu to make sure we don’t roast the turbochargers. In the Meridian’s PT6 engine, we monitor the interstage turbine temperature (ITT) which is the temperature of the hot gas flowing between the turbine wheel that drives the compressor, and the first power turbine that drives the prop. We have to make sure the turbine wheels don’t get too hot. In both cases we are checking to make sure we don’t destroy anything with too much heat. For the PT6, ITT is the correct term.
@JustSayN2O
@JustSayN2O 2 жыл бұрын
In 1963, Chrysler produced several dozen prototype motorcars powered by gas turbine engines mated to a typical automatic transmission and driveshaft. How on Earth could someone start that engine day after day and not encounter ruinous disaster? Ultimately all but a few of the vehicles were crushed by Chrysler so it wouldn't have to pay a special tax on them, and the program was terminated. Please enter the following into the YT search box above: 1964 Chrysler Turbine Car Start 1963 Chrysler Turbine: Ultimate Edition - Jay Leno's Garage
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks, very interesting!
@Me-ws5zt
@Me-ws5zt 2 жыл бұрын
How high can this aircraft fly?
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 2 жыл бұрын
The Meridian certification ceiling is FL300 (30,000 ft), and that also requires RVSM cert (which N555GP has). Without RVSM cert. the highest legal altitude is FL280 (28,000 ft).
@Chris_at_Home
@Chris_at_Home 2 жыл бұрын
I don’t understand why this isn’t automatic. 50 years ago I could start a turbine APU on a P-3 by just flipping one switch that would open the doors, start the APU and pick up the electrical power.
@Micg51
@Micg51 Жыл бұрын
It is on any modern turbine engine
@insylem
@insylem Жыл бұрын
Looks similar to a PA32 Lanceair
@insylem
@insylem Жыл бұрын
I've seen people start a PT-6 with someone holding one of the blades from moving
@tonylam9548
@tonylam9548 Жыл бұрын
I don't know why, but with a free turbine, you can do it.
@kevingallineauii9353
@kevingallineauii9353 Жыл бұрын
99.999999999% sure I will NEVER own or operate a turboprop. However, IF I do, this video is officially my start sequence bible (even if the aircraft is equipped with a FADEC engine)!
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@tonylam9548
@tonylam9548 Жыл бұрын
With FADEC, you can forget much of this video. Pratt and Whitney is about 2 decades behind the times.
@GARLENILSON1
@GARLENILSON1 Жыл бұрын
🛩️🛩️🛩️👏👏👏👏👏👏👍
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
thanks
@tonylam9548
@tonylam9548 Жыл бұрын
The Pratt and Whitney Canada company is about 2 decades behind the times. That was when all the airlines had FADEC and one button starts, auto throttle for their engines and not risk a financial melt down. Other companies had to develop their own but P and W can get help from the US parent company, so dragging their feet is even more unacceptable. They can afford it because they have 70% of the small turbine market, but things are changing. It is like P and W on a railroad track, they have 3 choices, 1) keep up to speed of the traffic, 2) move aside 3) get run over. A few years ago, GE quietly bought a Cz company , Walters that made a PT-6 clone . They are initially working with Cessna for an engine to power their PC12 clone. Once that is done, I believe they be expanding their line. Since that just happened within the last 5 years, for decades more , many planes and chopper pilots still have to watch TIT temp like a hawk and be ready to cut off fuel.
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
The fuel control unit in the Meridian seems to be an old design that could be modernized, and maybe that will happen someday. Modernization comes slowly in aviation, but it is here to some extent in the M600 and maybe it will trickle down to the M500 and Meridian.
@ImNotADeeJay
@ImNotADeeJay 3 ай бұрын
The TBMs 9x0 use PT6 and have a fully automated startup feature (as far as I know, I am no expert)
@tonylam9548
@tonylam9548 3 ай бұрын
@@ImNotADeeJayIf the number start at "9" it is already a very new plane. 2017 or newer. I remember reading in magazine someone got an STC on an auto throttle for the PC12. You think with a parent company in US, the tech transfer would make FADEC much easier to add to the PT6, no, they just sat on their back sides for more than a decade.
@edwardarruda7215
@edwardarruda7215 Жыл бұрын
Half a million for an engine...my head spins
@lakefrontaviation3444
@lakefrontaviation3444 Жыл бұрын
Yeah, I know! It took me a 10 years to decide to fly a plane with that much value hanging on the front. That's why we have to be so darn careful not to hot start it (hot starts are generally not covered by insurance).
@vernonwarren4547
@vernonwarren4547 2 жыл бұрын
💦 P-R-O-M-O-S-M!
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