So 4x the cross section = 4x the air, at 1/2 the speed = about the same kinetic energy imparted. EDIT: Wait I just watched Integza's video again - he hit 15m/s, not 6. WTF did he do? That thing looks jankier than your M1. Maybe just his wider spacing means he can accelerate already-fast air? Seems like the final speed saturates quickly with your low spacing, while Joel adding stages gave a near-linear speed increase.

nice work, maybe you could vary the stages diameter, get some rocket nozzle/ jet engine effect going on. (big to small) I think the key to success is the continual/linear increase of air speed per module, which may require a different module design per stage (different voltages, voltage pulses, spacings, diameters etc) . think of it like this.....a 50mph car can only ever tow a trailer at 50mph. Three 50mph cars strapped together will still only tow that trailer at 50mph.

It would be a good idea to have it push against a scale or something so you can measure the force of thrust rather than just the airspeed.

WAY TOO COOL BRO

Have you considered mechanically increasing airflow? I was thinking a larger 1st stage scaling down to a smaller end stage. You could also optimize the air coming in from the side by using a reflow or ducting. Remember any air coming into the system that is not already at your minimum speed is a net minus as the already flowing air needs to bring the foreign air up to speed. With a 12cm Diameter you have plenty input space and enough air to work with. You could also work on your power stages ... ie increasing the power to each stage linearly. Can't wait to see what you do next :)

I appreciate intelligent people. 🙏😊

You should build one too. Would be interesting to see if your recommendations would improve the design.

love the dynamic pulse time. I suspect that could help a lot. I do wonder if the side inlets are helping, or if varying them could matter.

hmm yeah I really suspect the extra intakes could hinder performance. if the air brought in mixing with the charged air seems it would subtract from the velocity of what is already charged and maybe cause some eddy currents.

​@@jhoughjr1 agree with this. The secondary and third sections may benefit from not taking in more air. They may be producing turbulence that is slowing down the final thrust speed.

they should never have been stacked in the first place.

Came here to say the same thing! As the air flow rate increases (after each stage), you have less time to transfer the additional charge to the air. I would also think successive stages would do better with higher voltage.

my thinking is also in 5his camp more space required as velocity increases.

Yeah, that occurred to me as well - logically, the faster the air is moving, the less time it has to be influenced by each stage, right?

​@@beforebeforewouldn't more voltage benefit all stages regardless of location?

That was my thought process as well, each stage of his design is the same with no change in velocity, take a jet engine for example it narrows. My guess is make Each stage a percent smaller and then also what about offsetting the positive and negatives for each stage?

@@treyhedgepeth9598 exactly, the issue with adding more air along the way instead of having only one intake is each stage will draw in slow moving air which results in more volume moved but at a slower velocity, if you have one intake then each stage accelerates the air instead of trying to compress more air into the flow which results in more volume and more turbulence.

@@treyhedgepeth9598 if you then take it so only one intake with a taper at the end then you get good flow and increased thrust coming out the end. ☺️

yeah, but that's for scaling out, first you have to scale up.

I was thinking this but gradually decreasing the size of each thruster. So larger front, smaller back.

Yeah I agree the additional stages adds much more weight and complexity with, reduced return. each stage needs to be tweaked to function at the in flow of the preceding stages outflow. Adding a varrible headwind like during forward motion triples this complexity. best designing one variable stage than 3 static ones

@@chriswhite3692that would work if it generates enough static pressure, nozzles often result in flow reversal if there is too little pressure. If we had a CFD tool that supported electric fields this could be really well optimised.

I don't think this thruster would generate enough pressure for that.

I was thinking same why he not got a output nozzle to make air move faster like a rocket 😅

More airspeed, but less thrust

@@norbis3939 that would violate the conservation of momentum, how do you figure?

@The Con Hathy Channel It would if it were moving the same amount of mass. I don't think it would, though, because with this setup I don't think there's enough pressure for a nozzle to be effective. I could be wrong, but I think with the way the air inlets on the side are working, a nozzle would probably reduce the airflow. This air isn't being compressed like in a rocket or turbine engine, it's just flowing.

@@ConHathy I guess I could be wrong. Like you said, there has to be some pressure, so maybe a nozzle of some type might help, but it would have to be a very wide nozzle and might not be worth the weight. Worth trying though, I guess

The thruster Plasma Channel used conductive sticks and wires to accelerate ions? The build looks very different from Hall thruster though. I wonder if the +- charged acceleration grid in hall thruster will work as well in atmospheric conditon.

@@davidliu3463 they are different from the thruster in the video. Hall thruster or gridded ion thrusters or electrospray thrusters (many different kinds of thrusters) work in vacuum. The equations shown at the funny NASA segment in the video are from some of those thrusters that's why I suggested them. The one built in this video is amongst the only ionic thrusters that work in atmosphere via the electrohydrodynamic phenomenon.

Yes! Somebody who can help with more scientific testing and data gathering would do wonders in addition to raw knowledge

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

And add a spool

Or we could come together and design a 3.0 working version of course.

I don't know if the venturi-effect is greater than the loss of thrust you exchange for the smaller diameter. Less 'cable' means less charged particles and less ionic wind. But the best way to say is to try :)

The Next Generation of Ionic Plasma Thrusters (BSI MARK 2) faces a problem related to the efficiency of ionizing propellant. While most ion thrusters ionize propellant by electron bombardment, which involves a high-energy electron colliding with a propellant atom, there are limitations to this method. The BSI MARK 2 aims to improve upon this by introducing a new technique, whereby each consecutive ring is slightly smaller, creating a venturi effect that increases the speed of airflow and adds energy at each ring. However, the effectiveness of this technique remains to be seen, and further research is required to ensure that the BSI MARK 2 can achieve optimal efficiency in ionizing propellant.

I was thinking the same thing. I was also thinking about if you shrouded the entire thruster as well

Thanks so much Roger, and also for the words of truth. This is the beauty of science - it allows us to determine limitations, then design around them. Greetings from Seattle, WA

I don't know, I thought it looked pretty cool haha

Hmmm. I have a problem... I'd like to write a program that can calculate if an arbitrary program will terminate, or run forever.

“Reverse the polarity” irl. lol

or just turn the middle 90°. Not like the first tesr between pos/neg, but whole structure.

That’s exactly what I was thinking that and possibly 3 inlets to 1 outlet maybe with some ducting if each unit is able to put out 2ms and you duct that 3 times into one outlet and change the outlet size maybe.. to accelerate the air flow

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

v

It is very beautiful, this is why competition is key to innovation.

Right ? This is groundbreaking stuff.

It's hardly new, professionals have been doing this since the 60s.

@@menelaoskoundourakis7552 who said it was new? they just said they were happy to see it and that it encourages progress

I think alternating polarity on each stage will eliminate that problem. Maybe even eliminate the need for the fine wires on all but the first stage, if the sharp trailing edge on the airfoil collector can serve as the emitter for the next stage. I'd use plastic drinking straws as the airfoil form. Give them a crease to create a sort of teardrop profile, and wrap aluminum foil over it. The serrated edge left from the foil cutter may further improve emission :)

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

@@vincecox8376 Bro. Are you ok ?

@@tayranos7432 I'm more then OK, I have worked in physics all my life at age 9, I was designing and building my own HAM radio equipment receivers and transmitters back in 1959. I have allot of credential I have teaching credentials as well. Your just having a problem excepting the truth about things, You have been brain washed !!

Automated distance control base on wind speed and more control on waveform on each stage could lead to massive optimization.

Come to say the same. I think the additional speed of the next 2 stages comes from the extra airflow from the side. interesting would be a test with closed 2/3 stages. And after that changing the spacing in the second and third stage.

I was going to suggest the same thing. and perhaps move down to 2 stages with a lot more chances for discharging. Part of the problem here is that the positive and negative fields are too close and its not given the air enough time to charge and discharge.

Was going to say the same. Also could have a test rig that allowed screw or slide operated grids so you could quickly test an infinite variable position without having to assemble/ reprint every time. Then just back measure the distance that provides the best flow

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

In addition, he should put a cone on the end to increase pressure, similar to an actual jet

Was looking for something like this, makes sense to try it since we do that in jets already

In my work with fans I have come to understand that, to increase airflow, an increased pressure drop from inlet to outlet is desired. So, restricting the exhaust would reduce airflow. From the testing in the video, the successive stages seem to be only marginally overcoming the flow restriction imposed at the output of each previous stage. Therefore, maybe the opposite should be tried. That is, to *increase* the diameter of each stage after the first, instead of reducing the diameters. Also, my gut tells me that increasing the diameter of each stage would reduce interference of the entrained airflow into the side inlets of each successive stage. I would also consider to route the wiring between stages through the support rods between stages, and route the wire loops at the exterior of each stage (connecting the ground electrodes) into grooves on the inside surface of the electrode structural cyclinder. Maybe this could be done in a way to eliminate the need for the white wire insulation buffer, which seems heavy. Overall, the idea is to reduce restriction of flow entrained to the side inlets and possibly reduce overall weight. To increase flow velocity and thrust, perhaps a reducer could be added at the highest diameter output stage to make the final output flow diameter the same as (or even less than) the input diameter. But then again, the reducer might kill the overall pressure drop.

This was something I thought about, but reduced diameter also means that the smaller stages will not be capable of the same output. In doing so, you would be putting a less capable thruster right behind a larger one- would likely slow airflow.

The pressure would actually be decreasing for the exchange of increased velocity airflow. As you're describing a nozzle. A good way to think of it is that a negative pressure (vacuum) would pull in more air faster, ie higher velocity. Jet engines use nozzle-diffuser exhausts to increase the velocity from the burner and turbine stage to a higher Mach number via the nozzle geometry, and does this through the enegry expense of decreased pressure. Then the diffuser at the exhaust increases the pressure, typically towards ambient pressure and as a result it reduces the velocity.

Those side "inets" are not helping

I think as the air speeds up and moves through the succeeding stages then the following grid pairs might need to be further apart so as to keep ions in the accelerating zone for the same period of time as the first stage. Otherwise it will still have the same problem as putting a computer fan in front of the single stage. As Alex suggests, there might also need to be a diffuser after the last stage... and I think that might need to be heat resistant

@@class2instructor32 I was thinking this too since airflow is obsturucted by air from the sides.

@@lordchickenhawk yep you are right. there's definitely a need for testing in grid spacing, and I don't think this channel is the best at the scientific method for this reason. For instance, he tested the grid orientation by 90 degrees but didn't take an iterative approach, so there's no guarantee that parallel is the best. Perhaps 33 degrees or 45 is better, or even 14? No one knows the best approach to improving this engine, beyond basic principles/logic from thermodynamics, aerodynamics, and jet propulsion. However, my experience with electronics has proven to show many surprising results due to the physics alone. If he wants to optimize this system, he really needs to solve for a physical model representation. With instrumental uncertainty and proper testing. As his test with the fan did not prove anything other than that his current setup is not linear. There's a chance that moving one grid further or closer could reach a sweet spot that creates a linear relationship. It's probably unlikely, I would guess there's a gaussian distribution for grid spacing as each stage needs enough room to pull more air from the sides while also maintaining the "narrowing" flow rate through each stage. He may need to design a very long nozzle to increase the velocity. The question becomes more about how long is too much material versus too short for limited thrust. There's also no answer yet to how the number of grids impact the results. So it's almost reaching a pointless approach, to only focus on aerodynamics at the inlet. I don't think a diffuser will help either as an increase in pressure is not needed, as that would lead to a loss in energy. Unless you plan to drive turbine blades, which would be a very inefficient fan. I think there may be some testing required for possibly a nacelle versus open, and then as most people have indicated, smaller subsequential stages to create a nozzle effect. The device is in its early stages, it's worth making something heavy and bulky to get results, so that it can be refined down to a lightweight optimized model.

The efficiency losses from forcing the air into a smaller diameter will likely not be worth it

or add many stages in parallel with the outlet giving a bigger output

@@richardmillhousenixon what efficiency losses? Air pressure at the output? isn't that the goal? Making a nozzle is an effective way of increasing fluid output speed. Have you every used an air compressor with a nozzle attachment? did you feel the reactionary force on your wrist when you open the nozzle? That reactionary force is called "Thrust," and it is driven by the difference in air pressures.

Not only speed but air volume also matter when it comes to how much actual thrust an engine will give.

Kinda like when you put your lips together when you blow out candles. You don't blow with you mouth wide open.

I agree maybe with that closing the gap between each stage. You're essentially creating a multi stage compressor but with less moving parts and much smaller. It reminds me of the inlet guide veins on a multistage compressor. Maybe a thought of closed or close to closed between each stage to force some compression with as another comment said to use more power to the end stages stepped up incrementally. I dunno though just some thoughts.

moar venturi

Why does my brain fail to understand the concept? Like, if the largest stage pulls in X amount of air, and that’s concentrated so that the smallest stage is pushing it out faster (this makes sense), doesn’t that create exactly the same amount of thrust since it’s moving X amount of air no matter how small the smallest stage is?

@@JB-fh1bb the total volume of air displaced stays constant yes, but exhaust velocity is important for thrust, check rocket thrust equation.

Compressing air on an ionic thruster is not helpful or relevant. Divergent and convergent nozzles placed and sized correctly however, are key.

I wonder if an insulating deflector would help too. If its posible to force the charged ions to take a curved path round a deflector to the ground. Idk if that would increase charge density between deflectors and force the air to interact with it more.

I was thinking the same thing, I also wonder if it may make more sense to only use conductors around the edge of the ring (after the first one) so that it's spending more time accelerating air around the edges rather than trying to re-energize and pump the already moving air more.

2 questions You said the following stages had issues initially with the interactions because the aur passed too quickly. What happens if each subsequent stage had larger spacing between the wires and tubing? You also said between the wires and tubing in each stage, parallel is king. What happens if each stage is rotated or even offset? 2 or 3 repeating sections if offset is best? If rotating works instead, see if 120 angle rotations in sets of 3 help.

Yeah, my recollection of the MIT aircraft is that it used foil strips for the electrodes. Not only more aerodynamic, they also increase the surface area.

My recollection is flawed. The electrodes are airfoil shapes.

since he’s most likely to see this comment, i was thinking he could progressively make each stage smaller so that each subsequent stage compresses the air compounded.

@@Julian-wp8sc You actually want to avoid compressing the air.

Laminar ribbed ribbon, lines in the direction of airflow across both sides of the ribbon width. Perhaps, if each concentric stage will be smaller, the outer lines (grooves) angle in slightly and the grooves toward the center have a slightly larger gap.

This is what I was thinking. Funneling the airflow.

I was thinking of tapering it and making it adjust its inner and outer diameter in proportion to airspeed.

That's nice idea 💯💯

I was just getting ready to mention the same thing. Kind of like plumbing water line to keep pressure levels higher...

I don't think this will ever be useful for powering an airplane ionic thrusters are very inefficient extremely soul why not just use electric jet engines instead EDF's how much more efficient you go faster and have more range

If we're increasing the gap as we go further back, we might also need to have the voltage increase too. I imagine it *might* function like shifting gears; torque prioritized at inlet, speed at outlet.

I believe he tested this in his first video

Well, would increasing layer spacing on subsequent stages have an effect? Let me think it through: The spacing affects the electric field between the electrodes, which determines how abruptly the ions accelerate. Or in other words, how much *excess kinetic energy* the ions are given over their neutral brethren for every *millimeter* they travel. While the potential or voltage between electrodes determines how much energy the ions receive in total. But since the ions need time to shed that excess speed to the bulk of neutral air around them, we *probably* want them to gain the same amount of excess *speed* per *millisecond,* which turns out to be mathematically the same as kinetic energy per millimeter (as long as you don't change the mass of the molecules). Which would suggest that the layer distance should stay equal in subsequent stages, at least if we want all stages to have the same efficiency (in terms of converting current or wattage into air molecule momentum). This isn't the only factor at play, though. Other factors include: -- Ions repel each other, and giving them enough time to spread out can allow them to affect more than just a small sliver of the total air flow. -- The field strength between the layers directly influences the field strength at the positive wire electrode, and that field needs to stay strong enough to ionize air molecules. -- Faster air will increase the flow rate of molecules past the positive wire, and more collisions with it means that more molecules get ionized *per second,* but the same amount *per volume of air.*

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

@@vincecox8376 Oh sweet, a schizo thread!

also constrict the cross-sectional area as stages continue to increase air compression thus increasing air flow

i was thinking the same but in sequence first second third then back to one

3 6 9

I was thinking the same thing about the intake and electrode shape. Even scram jets get better performance using a squared intake. I really think you are onto something with these changes.

I'm interested in finding out your results!! Good Luck. I really think higher voltage is going to work better as well. Higher voltage more ions, more flow!@@blakenobles4118

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

Two intakes forced into a single housing would be effectively the same as one large intake right?

regarding Venturi effect: he just stacks 3 stages, doesn´t even consider the spaces between the stages should be different between 1st-2nd vs 2nd-3rd.... So making three different stage sizes is to much planning. Also not necessary at this point, as a proof of concept for just thrust the current setup is more efficient I would guess. Requires only mass flow, not necessarily higher output airspeed.

Thanks for the heads up just found an article by Jean-Louis Naudin, the Daddy of Amateur Ionic Propulsion 😄

I'm honored you enjoy my work. Thanks!

Spot on! I really hope he sees this since its the most coherent comment i've seen on this comment section. May I ask, what's your field of expertise?

Don't forget thrust generated to power inputted.

Dont forget the weight of the electronics powering it

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

🤣

do you like Arma 3?

I was wondering that too 😂

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

exactly wat i was thinking, i would also be interested to see what would happen if you had an outer shroud that draws the secondary and tertiary airflow from the first stage

Another detail: The gap from positive to negative electrodes should not be the same on different stages. Experimental work should be adressed to optimize electrode gap on second and third stages.

My concern with that would be overcoming the additional static pressure that would create. Feels like the first stage needs to be exponentially more robust to overcome the resistance from the next modules. I have to wonder how if an intake manifold set up with two or 3 channeling air down to one positioned at the exhaust end of a cone would produce the same effect without the downside of needing to shrink the final stage.

I wonder what would happen with gradually smaller funnel like nozzle smaller the nozzle the faster the air will flow with limits even if was few centimetres less than current outlet even with side inlet and last stage slightly inside the nozzle just a thought tho.... Start at 30cm 20cm 10cm to 8 or 6cm nozzle mmmmmmmm

I also wonder if by creating a grid with the stages (alternating the stages in 90 degrees) if you would get laminar flow.

OK let's get this correct !! #1 The only reason radio waves and AC current travel out in space and down a wire is because of the "CENTER " of a magnetic field. (The "B" field), The North and South poles are the weakest part of a magnet !! Just like Tesla said, you got to look at things you can't see !! At the center of a magnet is anti gravity, (just tap the center on any glass or plastic and it will loose weight), The center can repel water if vibrated at the correct frequency, If you vibrate the "B" field into granite rock it will become soft and you would need copper tools to work on same , you don't want to disrupt the magnetic (B")field ) with other iron. Once you understand the "B" field of a magnet and how it relates to the entire universe we live in, you will then understand what Tesla was telling everyone "LOOK FOR WHAT YOU CANNOT SEE"" .I believe the pyramids were inter galactic communications and transportation systems. Stone Henge and Gobekli Tepe , power plants. Take a look at Coral Castle Florida on KZfaq and you will see a similar pilar. I believe these horizontal pillars were oscillators that would provide excitation for many things from crops in the field to anti gravity

Exactly what I was thinking. The air inlets on the side aren’t adding anything except slow or stalled air, reducing the compression of the existing flow. Yes, they will add additional air flow, as the majority of the air they are pulling in is already in motion, but there is a loss of efficiency due to the air that is at rest. Once forward momentum is achieved, the ramjet Venturi could have some added benefit. However I think the thrust potential is limited by the speed of the electrons moving thru the compression area. Adding additional +/- electron emitting/collecting will increase the base thru put. However, using more efficient metals and thin blades vs tubes will add area and reduce drag. Adjusting the current/flow of electrons will greatly increase the speed of the already moving air, reduce turbulence, and therefore increase the pressure/thrust.

The Next Generation of Ionic Plasma Thrusters (BSI MARK 2) faces the challenge of determining the most effective design for the ionizing process. While jet turbines evolved from propellers, it is not yet clear what the evolution of ionic thrust will be. The BSI MARK 2 introduces new design elements such as aluminum cross tubes to increase their surface area and two or three layers of fine wire to ionize the air. However, the effectiveness of these design elements is uncertain, and further research is required to determine their optimal configuration. Additionally, the side inlets may be counterproductive, as they mix low-velocity air with flowing air, leading to decreased efficiency. A possible solution to this problem could be to set up one vortex tunnel of descending circumference to ensure that only high-velocity air enters the thruster. Overcoming these challenges will be critical to the development of the Next Generation of Ionic Plasma Thrusters.

@@abrahamlewis6604 agree. The venturi is inefficient, and absorbs energy from the system. It converts pressure energy into kinetic energy. He does not have pressure, so it can only have a negative effect on performance. He needs to use the 3 stages in parallel, so he can create pressure, then convert that pressure into extra airflow

I had that same thought.

could you put a choke on the back of each stage to concentrate the airflow more in the centre and allowing more air in the side of the second and third venturi

thrust, maybe, as they are pushing more air volume, but stacking them is the only way to increase the velocity of the airflow without increasing the mag field created by the electrodes(which can be done a couple different ways).I’m not being a know it all, i just built one recently is all. not qualified in any way.

if you mean routing the 3 separate ones into 1 output nozzle of some sort then yes it wld make it faster, i just realized that’s what you could have meant after writing the last response.

@@OwenMurphy-pp6dr I would love to see you try it. seeing what actual thrust you could make. also instead of running the wire through the tubes solder them could help making the tubes thinner I'm subscribing after seeing this video.

@@randy6394 yeah i love this guy he’s where i got the original idea from (although it’s much different from his now)

T-H-I-S! Thank you. Smaller diameter and collapsing gaps between each one.

I like this! I'm not versed in anything like this, but it makes sense in water pressure, why not this?

Can air inertia play a role here?

I was wondering what the optimal ion density would have to be to produce maximum thrust (if there is such a figure) By making each grid with closer spaced wires would improve the voltage gradient between the positive and negative “plates”. (More exposure of the electrical field to the air molecules) With the wires displaced as they are, it seems that the electron flow moves across the desired air path , effectively lessening the electron push on the air. It just seems like there isn’t enough electrons (too low density) pushing the air molecules Kind of demonstrated when the 2 grids were brought closer together, the resulting electrical resistance decreased and thereby increased the electron flow (current). I was just wondering