Make sure to visit my link brilliant.org/DinoDiego/ to get started learning STEM for free, and the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription! Thanks once again to Brilliant for sponsoring this video! Hope you all enjoyed this episode of the Paleontology Fringe Theories Iceberg! I've been in the middle of a few other projects and I'm currently trying to figure out which one I want to prioritze. Regardless, they are all very interesting topics that I'm sure you guys will like and they should be coming to the channel very soon, so stay tuned for that! As always, thank you all for the love and support and for getting me to 33k subscribers!

I love humans tendency to find some random stuff, make up a story about it and then go "well let me eat it or snort it for my tuberculosis"

My fringe paleontology theory: We don’t know what colors Dinosaurs were. But from the few we do know, at least some dinosaurs were a lot more colorful than they are commonly depicted. So, theoretically, a dinosaur could be purple and green. Aka, Barney could be real.

Regarding the Ediacaran biota, recent studies, both cladistic and geochemical, show pretty conclusively that they were true animals, more derived than sponges and placozoans but still more basal than cnidarians and bilaterians.

These Fringe Theories are pretty helpful for new ideas for my ark mods. Honestly ill look for an excuse to make a hadrosaur breath fire (which I made the ouranosaurus subspecies do) or to make subspecies of the spinosaurus that look like they came from the 80s

Fun fact: Pliny the Elder from the paleo-pharmacology section is the -same guy- uncle of the guy (Pliny the Younger) who documented the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius

3:37 In 2011, Discovery Channel/Animal Planet took the concept of that theory & expanded it to possibly explain the existence of Mermaids in the mockumentary, "Mermaids: The Body Found"

Your pronunciation of "Stanisław Lem" was really good. It's amazing that he wrote this story in 1964. Many of his books are ahead of his time.

The Invincible is a real classic of Polish science fiction. Honestly, I always kinda wondered why Solaris got a couple of movies but there never was The Invincible one. It always struck me as a much better material to make a screenplay out of than rather demanding and philosophical Solaris. Well, maybe some day.

The 'Silurian hypothesis' goes back a lot further than 2018, it was used in the original Doctor Who series.

Wait, ammonite fossils were called goblin nails and shark teeth snake tongues? Shouldn't it be the other way around?

Im really thankful that your are digging through this iceberg for all of us!!! Also: your pronounciation of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was actually spot-on- pretty impressive ;)

Diego, I can only speak for myself, but I've actually really enjoyed the release schedule so far. It makes each entry feel like a special event. If the series takes a long time to finish, that only reflects the enormity of this iceberg and of paleontology in general. Keep up the fantastic work and know that there are people who appreciate you taking the time you need.

I remember the dinosaur s3x lakes memes and how the memes were everywhere. Someone even made a game called “Lemme Splash”

Came for intellectually stimulating conspiracy theories and understandable misunderstandings and was immediately struck with the this intense remembrance of the Dinosaur Adventure video. Now I'm gonna be walking around going "Yee" in a weird voice all day, thanks.

Great job!!! I’ll add that, in the case of Ouranosaurus, their neural “hump”/“sail” really isn’t anything like that of a bison, which I believe you already mentioned. It’s far smoother, and really wouldn’t offer any good support for fat stores, which are usually located in the tail and chest regions in reptiles. Plus, as far as fat storage goes, camel humps are actually situated away from their neural “sail”, funny enough.

The Fringe hypothesis you were talking about where Evolution occurs in leaps instead of gradualism There's an actual more scientifically credible version of that hypothesis called punctuated equilibrium and is a viable option to go along with the overall gradualism of evolution that there are periods of so-called punctuated equilibrium where the equilibrium gets punctuated by a leap of rapid speciation. Rapid speciation also happens after major Extinction events as animals rapidly diverged to fill niches left open by the mass extinction event

The "paleoviruses dethawing" is real though. There have been at least one instance of the bubonic plague re-emerging from thawed corpses, and thawed bacteria from even farther back being cultured. While the idea that it will cause a pandemic is pretty extreme, this isn't a fringe theory that they can be thawed out and survive, it's a fact.

There was some crazy theories on here. This is only Tier 2 at that.

This is the greatest series on KZfaq right now, keep it up!

Great, a video before going to bed :0

Dinosaurs mated in lakes. And they died due to the depletion of that? Are you sure they died because they didn't want to drink the water that had Dinosaur Jizz in it. Raptor 1: this water tastes weird. raptor 2: The T Rex parents were getting it on earlier. That ain't water. It's Jizz water. Raptor 1: And you were gonna let me keep drinking it? *Raptor 2 laughs as Raptor 1 dies of a dino jizz overdose*

Fun fact, the Pathfinder and Starfinder RPG world has a planet based entirely on old pop culture Venus, full of jungles, dinosaur-like aliens, and 'hot alien humanoids'.

Ive been waiting for this

An archaeologist and an arkeologist meet each other... what is going to happen?

16:37 To be honest “it‘s been said“ is not really a great form of evidence that it actually works

Hideaki Anno: can i copy your homework? Chardin: yeah just change it up a bit so it isn’t obvious

Fossil pharmacology is also found in China where fossils were thought to be dragon bones and, just like the others, ground up and ingested for medicine

On the topic of fossil medicine and speaking from experience, I personally ground up a small sample of dinosaur bone into a smoothie to absorb its dinosaur powers, and I can confirm that I can now lift many of tons of weight and bring down rhinoceroses with my teeth. Fear me.

I’ve seen some art for humped Spinosaurus and I love how it basically makes it looks just a few steps removed from a damn Deviljho.

RIP old man in the mountain

Let's goooo, I forgot how much I needed this. Thanks Diego!

They used to grind up mummies from Egypt as a form of medicine, so it's not that hard to believe that they would do that with fossils.

Very cool I enjoyed it. If there are people that are bitching about the content that you are making then just ignore them

This is one of my favorite YT series at the moment. Great work, and thanks for doing this.

Here are a few more fringe hypotheses to enjoy: The bat-wing birds: Yi qi and Ambopteryx. Xu et al 2015 thought they were describing a bizarre theropod with membraneous wings and a completely new long bone arising from the wrist, the styliform element. Yi qi simply suffered a torsion fracture. Ambopteryx had one longitudinallly crushed radius the authors thought was a conjoined radius + ulna. The left ulna was considered the styliform element. The right wing had no styliform element. The radius and ulna were normal in appearance. Xu X, Zheng X-T, Sullivan C, Wang X-L, Xing l, Wang Y, Zhang X-M, O’Connor JK, Zhang F-C and Pan Y-H 2015. A bizarre Jurassic maniraptoran theropod with preserved evidence of membranous wings. Nature (advance online publication) doi:10.1038/nature14423 pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2021/07/04/when-a-simple-torsion-fracture-turned-an-early-cretaceous-bird-into-bizarre-bat-wing-dinosaur/ Wang M, O’Connor JK.; Xu X and Zhou Z 2019. A new Jurassic scansoriopterygid and the loss of membranous wings in theropod dinosaurs. Nature 569: 256-259. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1137-z pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2019/05/09/like-yi-qi-the-new-ambopteryx-does-not-have-bat-wings/ Euparkeria was once considered basal to birds… and to pterosaurs. pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2022/01/17/euparkeria-and-the-origin-of-birds-and-pterosaurs/ Paul Ellenberger thought the pre-pterosaur, Cosesaurus, was a pre-bird. He flipped the manus over to make it so in his mind. He thought the prepubis was a new ilium projection. He didn’t understand the sternal complex (sternum + interclavicle + clavicle) that was just coming together in Cosesaurus. Ellenberger P and de Villalta JF 1974. Sur la presence d’un ancêtre probable des oiseaux dans le Muschelkalk supérieure de Catalogne (Espagne). Note preliminaire. Acta Geologica Hispanica 9, 162-168. pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2022/01/14/sticking-to-their-guns-three-paleontologists-and-their-pet-hypotheses/ Mike Benton thought the bipedal bipedal crocodylomorph, Scleromochlus, with tiny hands, was a pre-pterosaur. Benton MJ 1999. Scleromochlus taylori and the origin of dinosaurs and pterosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London, Series B 354 1423-1446. pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2022/01/14/sticking-to-their-guns-three-paleontologists-and-their-pet-hypotheses/ Martin Ezcurra 17 co-authors. cobbled together a chimaera of several lagerpetids and protorosaurs from around the world and thought they had discovered a pterosaur ancestor, one that ran on two toes and had small hands and no fifth toe. Novas and Agnolin 2016 nested Lagerpeton with Tropidosuchus, among the Proterochampsidae. Ezcurra MD et al. (17 co-authors) 2020. Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria. Nature (2020). doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-3011-4 Novas FE and Agnolin FL 2016 Lagerpeton chanarensis Romer (Archosauriformes): A derived proterochampsian from the middle Triassic of NW Argentina. Simposio. From Eventos del Mesozoico temprano en la evolución de los dinosaurios”. Programa VCLAPV. Conferencia plenaria: Hidrodinámica y modo de vida de los primeros vertebrados. Héctor Botella (Universitat de València, España) 2016 pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2020/12/10/new-pterosaur-precursor-study-excludes-all-pterosaur-precursors/ Prothero and 15 coauthors in 2021 followed several prior authors over the decades in announcing that all whales are artidactyls (= cattle, camels, pigs, deer). The solution is to add taxa to analysis. Then the ancestry of baleen whales includes desmostylians, hippos (no longer close to deer, camels, etc) and mesonychids. The distinctly different ancestry of toothed whales includes the long-nosed, echolocating extant genus, Tenrec, just prior to pakicetids. You’ll notice immediately how much Pakicetus looks like Tenrec. Prothero et al. (15 co-authors) 2021. On the Unnecessary and Misleading Taxon “Cetartiodactyla”. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. doi.org/10.1007/s10914-021-09572-7 pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2021/09/17/are-whales-artiodactyls-no/ The list goes on and on. More later if you have a part 3.

This series is very entertaining, looking forward to the next one as well as the rest of your content! 🦕

Omega point is basically The End of Evangelion

Didn't expect the Noosphere in this video, but i knew where it was heading when you started talking about it XD was literally the script for Shadow of Chernobyl.

40 days and 40 nights it rained. not sure how long it took for the waters to receed.

8:54 The Bible actually contradicts itself here, as at different points it states the flood lasted either 40 days or 150.

Thank you!!! So thrilled to watch this before bed. The videos are great. Never obsess over the comments. Looking forward to the rest :)

I would point out that the nature of Venus had been worked quiet well ahead of the Venera landers. Mariner 2 was able to get a handle on the planet temperatures and basically ruled out complex life then and there.

Ah, Spinosaurus. Continuing the tradition of confusing the hell of scientists to this day. I wouldn't be surprised if it turns out that Spinosaurus could fly

You put so much work into these, super entertaining thank you!

So stoked for this!!!

You did a great job with Leibniz and the monads explanation! 17th century metaphysics got real weird

Amonites were also callwed Devil's claws.

Love these videos, icebergs are awesome because it's a chance to go deep into a topic not just staying at surface level.

I really like this series, and I always look forward to the next episode. Take your time and make what you love. Quality over quantity man!

I just read the Invincible by Lem recently! It was probably one of the first stories to propose the idea of machines taking on reproductive and evolutionary processes of living beings independently of their original design.

Hey, finally!

Thanks man, rational people on irrational topics is the best!

some of the dry wit went under my radar. glad i rewatched this. well done dude.

Yes I was excited for this! 👌

Awesome video! Truely interesting and educative series.

I've been looking forward to this

So excited the next level is out!

I found your channel through your iceberg and as someone who's always loved paleontology love your content

First and glad to see more of this

Is saltation (12:03) the same as Punctuated Equilibrium? My understanding is that P.E. is pretty well regarded in Paleo circles, but I may be wrong. Thanks

everyone has a ancient flood story, from the tribals in Polynesia to precontact Aztecs.... no matter where you are in the world all peoples have a flood story

You did great on Stanislaw Lem :D Lem was great polish sci-fi writer, almost a visionary.

Oh boy ive been so excited for this video

Shinji! Get into the Omegapoint or Rei will have to do it again!

Do you have a link to the walrus-spinosaur art? It's really interesting ans I'd love to see what else the artist has made

You pronounced "Stanisław Lem" really well. Your polish accent sounds great 👌 Have my appreciation

Does anyone know who made the paleo art at 29:33? I really like it and want to see more stuff like that

Yooo been waiting for this

Your pronunciation of Stanisław Lem's name was quite good. I'm so happy that Necroevolution Theory was on the list. I still highly recommend reading Invincible if you ever get the chance. Plus, at the end of last year, a computer game was released (a cross between a "point and click" game and a "walking simulator") set on the same planet but not an exact adaptation of the book.

So hyped to watch this!

Very close with Stanisław Lem's name pronunciation. Good job.

Loved this one! Hilarious theories!

Read the invincible by Lem. Great book.

I love these. Thanks for posting

I find the aquatic ape theory fascinating. It is one of the many things as to why I entered the study of anthropology in college and I hope to do more research on the subject to hopefully formulate a more convincing hypothesis.

Good stuff keep in comin

Great video diego !

Thank supreme monad you made a sequel to this

Fantastic pronunciation of the authors name Stanisław Lem, for a non native speaker you couldn't have done a better job! Love the videos, can't wait for the next part.

I found your channel coz of the ice burges. Really enjoyed your other content.

LETS GOOOOO

I love that I called it about Tielhard because I read the Hyperion Cantos.

I remember reading the invincible, one of the coolest oldschool sci-fi I've ever read. Definitely recommend it.

Love this series goddamn

Re: Tektites: The asteroid that killed the dinosaurs went miles into the Earth, and there was an equal and opposite reaction-- a plume of molten rock, miles long, thrown up out of the atmosphere and into space. It rained back down to Earth as innumerable glass beads, and their collective heat raised the global temperature to about 1200F.

Anybody else get completely caught off guard by 19:15 ? Dude went in on that sentiment.

i love this series a lot and i'm very happy you're covering it, keep up the great work

The aquatic ape is basically: An aquatic animal that evolves onto land that evolves back to the water that evolves back on land

Omegapoint sounds like the plotline of the hit television series Eureka 7. Except it wasn't us, it was the people who came before us, and apparently there's a limit to how many questions that can be asked, like how the ticket machine at the DMV runs out of paper.

This video was so amazing

Curative and prophylactic fossil consumption, eh. I wonder if the likely presence of calcium carbonate can explain any of the effects they may have had? People may have been taking essentially primitive Tums in the form of ground up fossils.

Dinosaurs on Venus and the theory of Dino Tectites reminds me of the “Dinosaurs on the Moon” theory, believing that the impact of the asteroid flung pieces of dinosaur bone and other prehistoric matter into space, some of which could have continued going and ended up landing on our moon.

- Monadi (mon-ad, not mo-nad; mono, see?) were actually the Greeks' idea of the atom. An atom is, after all, a single unit of any given substance. Therefore, a monad. - Well, I can tell you one thing about dino psychology: poker night was thursdays, and Duane's not allowed to make dip anymore after Bill stank up the downstairs bathroom. Because DAYUM. - Except there kind of is a defining force that divides living and dead matter: bioelectric impulses. That little electrochemical blip of a spark that animates our tissue. That's a gross oversimplification, of course, and not a defense of vitalism by any means, but it remains a factual statement. Other things are capable of possessing a charge, but organisms are the only technically living ones, insofar as I'm aware.

You got Stanisław Lem's name pretty damn correctly, good job! Myst've been someone actually Polish helping you out, my regards to them as well :)

@20:11ish-- You mean it still considered an hypothesis. In science theory is the highest form of knowledge. It's very different than the vernacular use of theory that means like an educated guess. Hypothesis would be a better fit for what you meant when it comes to science. In scientific jargon, a theory is an explanatory framework that _is_ supported by evidence; as well observations, laws, mathematics, and other factors. A scientific theory is "good" if it has both explanatory power and, more importantly, predictive power. In science, predictive power is key because it means that your theory or model makes accurate predictions in explaining observations. So when you're talking about science, saying "it's just a theory" or something similar, doesn't really make sense, as theories are the top tier. Theories never graduate into facts or laws, or what have you. Theories usually _contain_ facts and laws. In science, a fact is a single demonstrable proposition or observation and a law is a single observation that seems to be universally true under a given set of conditions, and can be expressed as a formula. By the way I'm not criticizing, or trying to condescend to you. I'm just trying to point this out because pseudo-scientist types, like Young Earth Creationists, and flat-earthers, love to say things like "it's just a theory", as if theory is not the highest form of knowledge in science. Imo they deliberately conflate the colloquial usage of theory with its scientific usage to misrepresent science-- science their own pet hypotheses are pseudoscience and cannot be substantiated scientifically. also, it's not well known to the public at large, but in science nothing is ever fully proven, because of the nature of science as an inductive method of gaining knowledge rather than deductive it can never be proven which only really exist and deductive logic and math which is because of definitions when you're something is true by definition which is also called analytic reasoning. In science, hypotheses and sometimes even theories can be falsified but never proven 100% true. But that doesn't mean science doesn't demonstrably get us much closer to truth than any other method humanity haas ever devised for gaining knowledge. Cheers

Great video. I studied a bit of geology in South Africa and I learnt that Table Mountain was used by Christians as an example of flood geology. There is a layer of sandstone over granite which they say the great flood caused. It is a remarkable geological location.

AYYY FINALLY

About Brujatheosaurus, a new study claim that they were weighing 110 to 170 metric tons. Just for comparison, it is theorized that 100 tons is the maximum limit for a terrestrial animal, heavier than that no legs could support their weight ^^ The searchers don't have found any new material, it's basically guess work XD

A monad kind of sounds like vague description of the Big Bang