The Phantom Singularity

The Phantom Singularity | Space Time

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Be sure to check out the Infinite Series episode Singularities Explained • Singularities Explaine... or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Divide by Zero.
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Isaac Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation tells us that there is a singularity to be found within a black hole, but scientists and mathematicians have found a number of issues with Newton’s equations. They don’t always accurately represent reality. Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity is a more complete theory of gravity. So does using the General Theory of Relativity eliminate the singularity? No. Not only does it concur with Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation but it also reveals a second singularity, not at the center of the black hole but at the event horizon.
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Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd
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Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)
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• The EM Drive: Fact or ...
Aaron Schofield
• The EM Drive: Fact or ...
Stephen Bachman
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• The EM Drive: Fact or ...
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Пікірлер: 2 800

@ThatShyGuyMatt 7 жыл бұрын

(prepares to watch another episode where he doesn't understand 90% of it but loves it anyways)

@shaneschannel9289 7 жыл бұрын

The hardest thing in life is to be smart enough to know that you are not smart enough. I desperately wish I could understand this content better. It is fascinating.

@pushkarsoni8927 7 жыл бұрын

yo bro,

@JB52520 7 жыл бұрын

As xkcd 896 (Marie Curie) says, "...You don't become great by trying to be great. You become great by wanting to do something, and then doing it so hard that you become great in the process." This suggests that no one person, no matter how great, understands everything well. If your life's passion isn't math and physics, that doesn't diminish who you are even slightly. Thankfully, specialists and educators like those at PBS Space Time exist so we can trust what they know and follow along the best we can.

@RemixedVoice 7 жыл бұрын

John Bryant Brilliant comment.

@dmullins301TWM 7 жыл бұрын

John Bryant Very well said, my friend.

@y__h 7 жыл бұрын

FINALLY A PHYSICIST AND A MATHEMATICIAN GOING ALONG WELL!

@Mandrak789 7 жыл бұрын

Maybe at the moment, but It just can't end well. Never does.

@quarkyquasar893 7 жыл бұрын

Am I the only one subscribed to both the channels?

@HansPeter-qg2vc 7 жыл бұрын

They only get along as long as the physicist doesn't decide to write anything in physicists' math notation down or claims that the logarithm is virtually constant and the mathematician doesn't require the physicist to prove that the function they're about to integrate does in fact have an antiderivative.

@rudiepunk85 7 жыл бұрын

Yes you are stop asking if you're the only one

@gabetower 7 жыл бұрын

So a physicist, and engineer, and a mathematician walk into a bar...

@emanoelmelo 6 жыл бұрын

"You are so dense that your personal space should be called event horizon"

@Sciguy95 3 жыл бұрын

Sounds like its describing flat earthers

@gettothepoint_already3858 3 жыл бұрын

That's a good one. Gonna steal it.

@NotAGoodUsername360 3 жыл бұрын

"So you're saying I'm inescapably attractive?"

@LuisSierra42 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks now i have a new pick up line, which me luck

@lothsper 2 жыл бұрын

Now that's a fat joke right there

@PhaTs00p 4 жыл бұрын

5:18 "It's actually quite easy to see where the singularities are" Mhm quite indeed it is.

@LuisSierra42 3 жыл бұрын

IT is mostly because of the r's in the denominator

@pepedecoatza 7 жыл бұрын

For mathematicians, infinity it is just a number, for physicist, it means madness.

@asyncasync 7 жыл бұрын

lmao ok

@bytefu 7 жыл бұрын

Infinity is not a number. If you multiply or divide any kind of infinity by N, you still get infinity, you don't get ∞*N or ∞/N.

@pepedecoatza 7 жыл бұрын

yeah, but you are also getting an infinitely large or small number no?

@truebaran 7 жыл бұрын

Not quite a "number": for an analyst infinity is rather some formal symbol which does not have specific definition. In analysis we only define what does it mean "to approach infinity" without defining infinity itself. In set theory there is a whole big theory of infinities (ordinals and/or cardinal numbers) but calling these "infinities" a "numbers" is a bit perversion since you can do only limited "arithmetic" with those "numbers". There is rather not a good natural example of some algebraic structure deserving to be called "numbers" which contains infinity and where infinity behaves as it ought to behave, ex. if you consider the so called semigroup (assume abelian) (S,+) (which is very very weak algebraic structure) containing an element oo with the property that for each x in S we have x+oo=oo then if you perform the canonical construction of the group from this semigroup (the so called Grothendieck construction) you obtain the trivial group. In measure theory infinity works fine as long as you consider positive measures (for signed mearures or complex valued one assumes finite values of those measures)

@pepedecoatza 7 жыл бұрын

Thanks! Very good explanation :)

7 жыл бұрын

I never thought I could be taught to appreciate pain, but the way my brain hurts when I watch PBS space time just did that. This was certainly the case with this episode. I want to go full brain-masochist now.

@joannelucille 4 жыл бұрын

"Today we're gonna keep it simple." 🤔😅

@nosuchthing8 4 жыл бұрын

Hey he changed some of the Cs to 1....sarcasm...

@saadalikhan1593 4 жыл бұрын

At 8:11 the answer must be 0/0... why? Because Δr^2 = 0 and at the same time 1 - rs/r = 0 in the denominator since r = rs...

@goldenwarrior1186 4 жыл бұрын

Saad Ali Khan As I said in another reply to you, 0/0 is indeterminate, so it could be any number

@scottcantrell3984 3 жыл бұрын

I laugh everytime he says something that.

@scottcantrell3984 3 жыл бұрын

I laugh everytime he says something that implies those of us that are fascinated by modern physics and do not have at least a masters are not going to struggle a bit to follow, gees does keep me coming back

@martinsalko1 6 жыл бұрын

blackhole: imma gonna crush you planet: I use non-euclidian reference blackhole: F**** *blackhole dissolves*

@jezfrench9435 4 жыл бұрын

I dont know why I'm watching this. I struggle to subtract a darts score.

@mikeoh6348 4 жыл бұрын

play 8ball no need to count

@LordofFullmetal 3 жыл бұрын

Right? I can't stop watching these videos, but I literally don't understand anything that's happening in them. This is my fifth video where he's tried to explain what he means by "space becomes time", and I think I'm JUST starting to understand it now. And I'm probably wrong.

@NTmatter 3 жыл бұрын

@Toughen Up, Fluffy Darts is an analogy, commonly used by the statistics community, for visually illustrating the density and skew of a distribution.

@JoeyFaller 3 жыл бұрын

Trust me, even people who do this for a living (me if I don't mess up lol), no-one knows how to do basic arithmetic; we have good ol' calculators for that

@joesam001 7 жыл бұрын

Matt: "That makes sense" Me: "??? how ???"

@deepvybes 4 жыл бұрын

She's saying you're in every time zone at once at the north & south pole. A Coordinate singularity.

@goldenwarrior1186 4 жыл бұрын

deepvybes He’s*

@1cspr1 3 жыл бұрын

@@goldenwarrior1186 its both. Singularity of another kind

@cuddlebuff 3 жыл бұрын

It makes sense to me now! I have Borderline and see things in emotions and math. This. Video in a weird but fun way, explains human relationships... With (math) There's one frame. Where when I saw it. "oh that does make sense to me as a greif therapist who does math". Because math is about being right, being human is about letting... Go.

@jopodude 5 жыл бұрын

"We are gonna keep it simple" ..ITS A TRAP!

@saadalikhan1593 4 жыл бұрын

At 8:11 the answer must be 0/0... why? Because Δr^2 = 0 and at the same time 1 - rs/r = 0 in the denominator since r = rs...

@goldenwarrior1186 4 жыл бұрын

Saad Ali Khan But 0/0 is indeterminate. There’s no way to know what number it is.

@anantapadmanabhmyatagiri 3 жыл бұрын

@@goldenwarrior1186 that's why Singularity of a black hole is still not fully understood

@justdev8965 7 жыл бұрын

THANK you Henry. Your generosity makes life a bit more interesting for broke people like myself that couldn't give like you did. I'm grateful too, not just the host of this great show.

@saadalikhan1593 4 жыл бұрын

At 8:11 the answer must be 0/0... why? Because Δr^2 = 0 and at the same time 1 - rs/r = 0 in the denominator since r = rs...

@CalebPace05 3 жыл бұрын

You don't have to give like she does to have value. I am sure you give the right things to those who need it in your life. Namaste 🙏

@marksteven2716 7 жыл бұрын

May this channel live on forever, or at least until the sun's radius starts growing This is some solid content

@DialecticRed Жыл бұрын

RIP Infinite Series tho, they didn't last unfortunately

@joshyoung1440 Жыл бұрын

The sun's radius IS growing

@Daniel-dc5mr 7 жыл бұрын

Wow, you've made some gains. Good job

@mitchello288 7 жыл бұрын

Daniel haha I was thinking the same thing

@Kavriel 7 жыл бұрын

I don't think it's the case. I think you couldn't correctly perceive his shape because he is always facing the camera.

@DekuStickGamer 7 жыл бұрын

Looks like even the chicks are noticing. First time he got a girl on his show.

@profeturulz8373 7 жыл бұрын

Good one.

@broadwayat 7 жыл бұрын

this video made me want to hit the gym

@genevieveschulz5312 4 жыл бұрын

3:02 "Alright, that makes sense." UHhhhhhhm.... TO WHOM?

@deepvybes 4 жыл бұрын

She's saying you're in every time zone at once at the north & south pole. A Coordinate singularity.

@mauricejohnmac 4 жыл бұрын

I usually just take it as "makes sense to the average mathematician and physicists", not as "makes sense to the average high school or college student" since these videos are meant for mathematicians and physicists anyway! Not for people who aren't even passionate in these topics.

@sugarymushroom12 6 жыл бұрын

These videos by PBS Space Time are some of the very coolest vidferos I've seen on KZfaq.

@St3v3z 7 жыл бұрын

I don't even know why I'm subscribed. I barely understand a word he says.

@hussainattai4638 7 жыл бұрын

It makes us look smart :p

@william41017 7 жыл бұрын

St3v3z just keep nodding

@DicerX 7 жыл бұрын

Try looking up terms you do not know; slowly, bit by bit you'd find yourself more than comfortable learning what is being said.

@Lurker101Gaming 7 жыл бұрын

Watching the first time, I barely understand a thing. But after watching a few times, things just click into place and make perfect sense. It's been this way for me since Gabe was hosting.

@willlastnameguy8329 7 жыл бұрын

St3v3z Thats why you subscribed. You are trying to understand the universe, just like everyone.

@harvirdhindsa3244 7 жыл бұрын

This switching of the role of space and time inside the black hole is kind of what Interstellar was hinting at near the finale when Cooper began experiencing a connection to time rather than space. Although the idea he could interact with his past I'm not sure about, I believe this switching of the roles was what the film was hinting at. Great episode!

@k8tina 9 ай бұрын

12:36 12:37

@k8tina 9 ай бұрын

12:36 12:37

@k8tina 9 ай бұрын

12:44 12:44

@churrobomb1554 7 ай бұрын

This could be however I do believe the reason was more so to demonstrate kinda how a 5th dimensional being would see and use time, as a physical thing they could interact with.

@MrDeritamichael 7 жыл бұрын

These videos are way above what I currently understand, however I love them and can't get enough. Please keep up what you guys are doing, it's beautiful and interesting.

@josh27ofto 7 жыл бұрын

"you're denser than a singularity" Someone appreciate my roast plz

@shoyuramenoff 7 жыл бұрын

Hypernova 3 months later, I'm still appreciating your diss.

@parkerxgps8101 6 жыл бұрын

Totally using it.

@TheAnantaSesa 6 жыл бұрын

I don't get it.

@nottsoserious 6 жыл бұрын

Hypernova Roast appreciated.

@meowmeowmeow594 6 жыл бұрын

Hypernova I get it

@05TE 7 жыл бұрын

I am star stuff. My car keys are star stuff. Therefore I am a bagel.

@puffdaddy69 7 жыл бұрын

05TE too much acid is not good

@ForzaDerpGuy 7 жыл бұрын

I ate you(as a bagel) tomorrow and will sleep nice and full yesterday.

@h4nginggarden 7 жыл бұрын

05TE 69th like

@harveywaggoner7661 7 жыл бұрын

Only because a bagel is star stuff!

@YourMom-lh5zp 7 жыл бұрын

96th like

@DustinRodriguez1_0 7 жыл бұрын

It's almost as if spacetime is quantized rather than continuous, and the idea of "0 distance" between two separate objects is inherently invalid. That would suggest spacetime is similar to every single other aspect of reality ever encountered. How crazy would that be? Obviously it's got to be continuous and not quantized, like nothing else in the universe is.

@mrspidey80 7 жыл бұрын

Spacetime IS quantized. Things below planck length or planck time are fuzzy and indefinable. In a other words: Spacetime is made out of pixels. Planck Pixels.

@erikhagberg1500 7 жыл бұрын

Spacetime is not quantized, if it was we would already have a theory of everything.

@mrspidey80 7 жыл бұрын

Legend Length Sure, but since we can't define anything beyond the planck scale anyway, space is as good as quantized.

@adembroski 7 жыл бұрын

mrspidey80 No, that we can't meaningfully measure beyond a certain point does not mean measurements beyond that point do not exist. What you're saying is roughly like saying if we can't see it, it doesn't exist.

@Mastikator 7 жыл бұрын

Cause we are living in a quantum world. And I am a quantum girl.

@zdenek3010 7 жыл бұрын

The real question is what breaks first, mathematics because you divide by zero or physics because of infinite forces.

@rippedtorn2310 5 жыл бұрын

Its the egg stupid ....laid by a bird that was nearly a chicken .

@susmitamohapatra9293 5 жыл бұрын

As a mathematician, I can tell you it's physics. In mathematics, whenever you do division by zero, you use limits to show that it tends to Infinity. That's also how Matt gets infinite force in his equations. You literally CAN'T divide by 0 the normal way, he's just using limits to show that the values tend to infinity. Physics however does break, because infinite force implies infinite acceleration, which implies infinite velocity in finite time and so on.

@kidzbop38isstraightfire92 4 жыл бұрын

@@susmitamohapatra9293 i see what you're getting at, but if you want to get technical on a rhetorical question, they're both the same. That's because "approaching zero" is not the same as "zero", just as "approaching infinite velocity" is not the same as "infinite velocity". Both are broken..infinite velocity is impossible in the physical universe, and dividing by zero is impossible in math. We can only approximate/tend to both.

@susmitamohapatra9293 4 жыл бұрын

@@kidzbop38isstraightfire92 Good point, however in mathematics it is possible to define something to equal to n if it approaches n. Example: 1 + 1/2 +1/4 + 1/8 +... approaches 2 so we define it to be equal to 2. Similarly as 1/n becomes larger as n approaches 0, it would be possible to say that at n=0, 1/n = infinity. However there are 2 reasons why 1/0 is still considered undefined. 1. When you start from n = -1 and make n larger till n = 0, 1/n starts from -1 and keeps decreasing. So we can also define that at n=0, 1/n = - infinity. This is a contradiction as we defined that n=0, 1/n = + infinity, so 1/0 is undefined, it is either +infinity or -infinity. 2. Infinity itself is not defined in either physics or normal mathematics. However it can be defined using higher mathematics. This is not used in daily life though and has no meaning in physics. So truthfully both normal math (with real numbers) and physics break at infinities. Math might just be more flexible to change. Physics requires quantities that describe the real world so terms such as infinite velocity are meaningless.

@kidzbop38isstraightfire92 4 жыл бұрын

@@susmitamohapatra9293 I completely agree

@SmellyBoy28 4 жыл бұрын

Loved the Fight club reference at the end

@jimmyfaggon7600 7 жыл бұрын

I don't actually "watch these videos" as per say, instead I half heartedly listen to convince myself I'm smart...

@pocok5000 7 жыл бұрын

"You shouldn't mistake media and internet hype for actual potential." This is so true it hurts.

@Schlynn 5 жыл бұрын

Watching this from 2019. Bring back PBS infinite series!!

@JohnDoe-vz7ff 4 жыл бұрын

I love that the Schwarzchild metric is named after Schwarzchild, as it should be. If the man was alive today I hope the fact that millions of people know his name and story would bring him some joy. For those who don't know the man was a soldier in WW1, and died shortly after discovering this solution.

@maxc101 7 жыл бұрын

Best damn videos on the whole Internet as far as I'm concerned - Both PBS Space Time and PBS Infinite Series! Keep it up guys.

@whatdoiknowsmith 6 жыл бұрын

Max C, this is rubbish compared to Steve Coruthers: General Relatively- A Case in Numerology. It'll blow your mind.

@xl000 5 жыл бұрын

@@whatdoiknowsmith Stephen J. Crothers (born 1957) is a handyman/gardener and part-time amateur scientist who claims that black holes do not exist, and are neither predicted by nor compatible with General Relativity.[2] His body of work consists primarily of articles that he posts at either viXra or his own personal website,[3][4] thus steering clear of the peer review process. He has also been a frequent guest speaker at the annual EU conferences held by the Electric Universe crowd.[5][6][7]

@Mick0722MX 4 жыл бұрын

If you're actually interested in science, learn science. Otherwise, enjoy this bullshit because that's all that it is.

@saadalikhan1593 4 жыл бұрын

At 8:11 the answer must be 0/0... why? Because Δr^2 = 0 and at the same time 1 - rs/r = 0 in the denominator since r = rs...

@garydunlevy5673 4 жыл бұрын

The information contained in this is a lot more important than the kardashyins or whatever mind numbing rubbish that is opium for the masses. So how can you say anything derogatory about the work they put in these videos.

@NavarroRefugee 7 жыл бұрын

I've never gotten so hyped for a weekly documentary before in my life lol. Your series on black holes is just really awesome. I'd really love it if you guys would do an episode covering rotating and charged black holes, provided you're not getting a bit burned out on that topic at this point. They sound fascinating and I've heard that they have all sorts of weirdness all their own, but I've never found anything discussing them in detail that didn't involve a lot of math that went right over my head.

@fernandosanchez9726 5 жыл бұрын

I loved how you bent along with everything else when the blackhole appears... Details man

@christopherpoperszky2449 5 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much for all that you do space time!

@Nalkahn 7 жыл бұрын

"In space time we thrust !" :D

@EthanEves 7 жыл бұрын

I wonder if they talk with those exaggerated hand gestures all the time.

@pronounjow 7 жыл бұрын

Would you rather they stand still? That would be awkward.

@eduardolopes243 7 жыл бұрын

Imagine him saying "please, pass me the salt" with all these hand gestures.

@nemis123 7 жыл бұрын

Ethan Eves it's distracting

@paulbilous6634 7 жыл бұрын

It's offputting for me, tho I enjoy the subjects and am thankful for the efforts they put into these, I'd rather they didn't do that

@gamethuat 7 жыл бұрын

The way he talks with him hand gestures is extremely awkward, in every episodes

@chinmaykrishna6485 3 жыл бұрын

The whole video in a nutshell:- If the distance between the centre of masses of any two objects is zero, it results in a singularity, both according to Newton's law of universal gravitation and Einstein's theory of General Relativity. Proper time is the time measured by a clock following a worldline in spacetime. All observers, whether inertial or accelerating, will agree on the same spacetime intervals of events at sub-light speeds. Singularities are only possible if infinite densities are possible. The Schwarzchild metric is used to measure the gravity around a spherical mass with no charge, angular momentum and the universal cosmological constant are 0. It also mentions about the Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. They are coordinates, i.e. a system which uses one or more numbers to determine the position of a geometric object in a manifold. They are used in Schwarzschild geometry (spherically symmetric objects) to predict the position of radial null geodesics. A geodesic basically tells us about a straight line on a curved spacetime. The worldline of a particle free of any other external forces other than gravity is a geodesic. A freely moving or falling particle in a gravitational influence always moves along a geodesic. Null geodesics are the worldlines of photons. Radial geodesics are the ones which directly move away or towards the central mass. Inside a black hole, space & time switch their roles and you do not experience any spacetime interval. You just spend time. Even an outgoing light ray will take an infinite time to come out.

@gettothepoint_already3858 3 жыл бұрын

Oh yeah. That was so much clearer. LOL. Wanna spend time inside a black hole? Sure, it's not like we'd have a choice.

@manuelmanzanero5057 3 жыл бұрын

Laymen's terms, Dr. Weir.

@xoshamilco 4 жыл бұрын

The closed captioning is hilarious especially at 5.06!

@akm7812 4 жыл бұрын

5:06

@bezdaknebomizera Жыл бұрын

scrolled down the comments just to see if someone else mentions this xD

@xxnotmuchxx 7 жыл бұрын

I like her video about n-spheres.

@Daniel-dc5mr 7 жыл бұрын

John Doe Are you joking?

@y__h 7 жыл бұрын

Daniel He's taking a joke on mathematician vs physicist... way too far.

@Hecatonicosachoron 7 жыл бұрын

I really like the more recent video about Lp spaces. Lp spaces are great.

@shortcutDJ 7 жыл бұрын

still in the 6 second ad and i already hit like :) i know this is gun be gud

@hussainattai4638 7 жыл бұрын

Ma man

@KimAllMighty 7 жыл бұрын

pssst - adblocker is available.. never have adds

@SamuelKristopher 7 жыл бұрын

I don't use adblocker for channels that I support - making these videos is often a full-time job for them, and for really ramped up channels like this there's usually always other staff or workers doing things. I'm ok giving them the ad revenue they need to keep expanding and produce better videos.

@TheCyberlord09 7 жыл бұрын

What did you do with all the free time you got from spelling "good" like that?

@KulfGreymoon 7 жыл бұрын

Pssst, not having adblocker = supporting this channel.

@jockoffwillink3732 7 жыл бұрын

I NEED TO KNOW EVERYTHING

@stucknousernames 5 жыл бұрын

So this is an add to get you to watch more episodes by not explaining then saying it'll be expand in another video. Genius

@djordjepepic1656 7 жыл бұрын

Every time I log onto KZfaq and there's a Space Time video, it's always the first one I click. Absolutely love the channel and the work you do, keep on being awesome!!!

@xl000 5 жыл бұрын

log onto KZfaq. . .

@Deathmagnets69 7 жыл бұрын

What this is really about is who has the most Eccentric/Expressive body language and physical gestures, Mathematicians or Physicists

@marcushendriksen8415 3 жыл бұрын

Give them a break, they're doing their best to approximate real people! (No one has an exact solution for human behaviour, after all)

@Bob_Lob_Law 3 жыл бұрын

Italians?

@andrewballr 5 жыл бұрын

These videos are great. High pace and sometimes hard to follow but very informative.

@Cscuile 4 жыл бұрын

Marvel: Infinity War is the most ambitious crossover in the history of Space Time. PBS: Hold my Phantom Singularity.

@vonneely1977 7 жыл бұрын

Yo dawg, I heard you like singularities, so I put a singularity in your singularity...

@flymypg 7 жыл бұрын

It's not about just "what" Matt has to say, but more about "how" he says it. For me, it's about the process he uses to introduce then dig into concepts and ideas, and then how to play with them. The selective use of rhetorical questions, the pregnant pauses to give us a moment to let something sink in or to encourage us to leap ahead to the next step, along with other teaching and interaction tools. Matt is a storyteller who pulls us to the edge of our seats. For Physics!

@saradprasad Жыл бұрын

Every night put one video and try to imagine the narration. A fine insomnia drug and 5 stars for that

@Brindlebrother 2 жыл бұрын

7:58 "the SWAT shield radiance" says the captions ~

@bezdaknebomizera Жыл бұрын

Nice. I found the "That sure is some a*s" at 5:05 even funnier

@DeadUnicornClub 7 жыл бұрын

I wonder what happens to the space where two event horizons meet before two black holes merge. What happens to objects there? Which way do they go?

@allinwatts4670 7 жыл бұрын

The emergence of a third black hole..

@garethdean6382 7 жыл бұрын

Towards both black holes at the same time. When two horizons are merging the holes themselves are also merging at a great speed. An object between the two will be drawn to the center of the heaviest hole but the lightest hoe will be drawn in even faster, meaning that the object will get closer to both holes simultaneously.

@meeraa1941 7 жыл бұрын

hey gareth, i hv a question.. what happens to the singularity when the black hole evaporates?does it just vanish?

@TimmacTR 7 жыл бұрын

Don't be too curious, you could make the whole matrix bug lol..

@thenasadude6878 7 жыл бұрын

Gareth Dean got it right IMO. If instead we consider a situation prior to the meeting of the event horizons, and likely including the exact moment when the 2 horizons meet, if you put a physical object at the center of mass of the whole system it will eventually reach a point where the difference in gravitational pull at every part of the object is so strong that it will shear and spaghettify towards both black holes at the same time.

@hindigente 7 жыл бұрын

This is probably one of the best channels in KZfaq, congratulations! If I may request, would you consider making a video about the energy-momentum tensor? Are there methods to computing it? How would the energy-momentum tensor of light be?

@LMProduction 2 жыл бұрын

These videos are what made me love physics. Once you properly dive into these topics and try to understand the math, this stuff is even cooler. I appreciate the number of people in the comments saying how cool this is even though they don’t understand! That’s the beginning of all physicists! If your capable, pursue this interest in physics, I have and I now feel like I’m learning more about what’s real in the universe than ever before!

@alexandregrynagier1762 5 жыл бұрын

So cool, thank you for these explanaitions!

@aaronr.9644 7 жыл бұрын

Thumbs up to more journal club episodes. I am looking forward to them.

@mynameisjoaneunice 7 жыл бұрын

I am in love with Kelsey. What a genius!

@teashea1 5 жыл бұрын

very articulate and concise

@gatorslife22 6 жыл бұрын

Please dont ever stop making videos dude. You are amazing

@Mastikator 7 жыл бұрын

If space starts to act like time, does that mean that time starts to act like space where you can move along the axis "freely" but you always end up at the center?

@aniksamiurrahman6365 2 жыл бұрын

@@grizzomble Just think, once past the event horizon, one wouldn't see a point ahead. But rather, one will experience the whole world crashing around them! That realization blew my mind. Maybe, black hole indeed doesn't have an interior. What happens is exactly what the external observer sees. One gets increasingly red shifted and "vanishes" at the event horizon.

@introvertedextrovertedtraver 2 жыл бұрын

I take it space would no longer be 3 dimensional but actually folded and warped and you couldn’t go straight but would be thrown around randomly and violently in all directions but eventually you’d hit the center. It’s not a where but when, when moving through space. You can’t go straight to get to a specific location but have to be moved there

@ipostrelatablecomments1542 2 жыл бұрын

@@introvertedextrovertedtraver correct me if im wrong but i think u will never reach the centre because u will be already vaporized into hawkins radiation

@introvertedextrovertedtraver 2 жыл бұрын

@@ipostrelatablecomments1542 That’s for a smaller blackhole which has stronger tidal forces and the accretion disk should heat you up into a plasma due to friction. However if you were to be protected by some sort of indestructible plating on a ship, and was crossing the event horizon of a supermassive blackhole, there would be other issues to deal with outside of being vaporized. However you are correct as your initial concern is vaporization which would occur when approaching

@ipostrelatablecomments1542 2 жыл бұрын

@@introvertedextrovertedtraver alright thanks!

@R7der97 4 жыл бұрын

I'm so single that i make my own singularity :')

@LuisSierra42 3 жыл бұрын

Let's work together my friend, we'll demand the liberation of Tibet or else we'll sigularize the planet

@jjbarajas5341 Жыл бұрын

Wow that message at the end was... very unexpected. Thanks for that.

@CDXLIV444 7 жыл бұрын

I liked that at the end. Thank you.

@r3d0c 7 жыл бұрын

2:32 You don't need to have a shot of Matt listening lol, i think we can take it on faith that he is

@NeilConnor 7 жыл бұрын

Loved this one. Talked about something that has been bugging me for ages when thinking about black holes.

@eliaskristen4755 6 жыл бұрын

Both infinite series and space time together - great!!!

@ono905 5 жыл бұрын

Out of all the educational talk, 4:39 intrigues me the most.

@souravzzz 7 жыл бұрын

Girl, are you a singularity? Because I feel a strange attraction toward you.

@maelwine1 5 жыл бұрын

Good line, sounds like something they should've used on The Big Bang Theory.

@barbarianjk2355 4 жыл бұрын

Don't! You'll get stuck at the event horizon..

@Scorch428 4 жыл бұрын

when i look at her, my pee pee feels weird. whats wrong with meeee!

@heidileeshire5959 5 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much for making physics so exciting to learn about! My freshman high school physics teacher lost me to hormones. Thankfully, now, I realize there's more to life, the universe, and everything, than kissing!

@wongsiewkok7914 Жыл бұрын

Have been learning how to interpret through words on scientific researches. Well explained, the singularity (the non-zero rest mode, as described by another PhD level). Thanks for the interpretations which enable others to understand what is done. 👍

@guillaumemaurice3503 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you for sharing this, that was very interesting. I enjoyed it.

@michaelelbert5798 5 жыл бұрын

Aren't we all stardust and very special. Bless our hearts.

@spectraphantom9374 7 жыл бұрын

No way, I got a singularly named after me, how cool?

@hussainattai4638 7 жыл бұрын

No you idiot ! It was named after Danny phantom! Sorry for the insult, it was only used for comedic reasons.

@JoeyFaller 3 жыл бұрын

I didn't expect a crossover with infinite series! Even though they're not active anymore, so cool to see this

@joshuaolian7732 3 жыл бұрын

this is awesome and these animators are gods. thank you so much for sharing this information!

@robertj.simpson354 7 жыл бұрын

"Physicists are limited by reality": finally some commonsense is introduced into cosmology!

@BobfromSydney 5 жыл бұрын

I'm sure that if you made that statement to a physicist they would ask you "Which reality?" ;-)

@Scorch428 4 жыл бұрын

That girl's hotness sure isnt limited by reality....damn.

@yuanheli307 7 жыл бұрын

CAST isn't testing Em-Drive in space! The engine tested/testing in Decemeber 2016 is a classic ion propulsion engine with xenon as propellant(on the payload ShiJian-17 launched by ChangZheng-5 on 11.3). The misunderstanding is likely because we call the ion thruster as "电磁推进"(word to word translation: electromagnetic propulsion), but it only means to say that the ions are accelerated by electromagnetic force. If you do mean this specific experiment, it has nothing to do with Em-Drive!

@Gaprash_setya 3 жыл бұрын

Nice reload animation

@drijuce 7 жыл бұрын

Need that follow up video!

@CharlesOffdensen 7 жыл бұрын

So, can someone help me understand this singularity thing in the center of a black hole. You are supposed to have a point of infinite density. But infinite density means either infinite mass or infinitely small space. And since the mass of any black hole is not infinite, this leaves us with the second option. So, is that possible? Can we have an actual point, that is infinitely small? Wouldn’t that mean that the space is not quantized? And is it quantized at all?

@Naomi_Boyd 5 жыл бұрын

What happens if you divide by 0?

@neosis4182 5 жыл бұрын

This is the main issue of discussion prevalent amongst topics regarding the reconciliation of Newtonian mathematics and quantum mechanics.

@rubenmartinez2994 5 жыл бұрын

When the radius of the singularity equals 0 (r=0) which, means we have to divide by zero in the equations, and in mathematics the expression rs /r when r=0 has no meaning, as there is no number which, multiplied by 0, gives a (assuming rs≠0) rs, and so division by zero is undefined. Since any number multiplied by zero is zero, the expression 0/0 is also undefined; when it is the form of a limit, it is an indeterminate form. But the cosmetologist just gives it an arbitrary meaning of Infinity, in other words it is an ad hoc Construction with no real scientific reasoning. Absurdity ; black holes cannot exist in nature. The observed phenomena is a miss interpretation.

@seriousthree6071 5 жыл бұрын

I'm still wondering why a point singularity rather than an 'onion' style one. This seems to be a contradiction.

@rubenmartinez2994 5 жыл бұрын

YES! It's called shell theorem, that would be logical, but the outer shells would create outward gravity inhibiting the formation of Infinite density which is required for their precious Black Hole Theory. So what do they do? They just ignore this, and than proceed in writing books on this black hole fallacy. You see, the cosmologist's has to protect this cottage industry, rightly or wrongly, not because of scientific truth, but rather, to protect their priestly reputations .

@DonSolaris 7 жыл бұрын

Cool vid. So, how do we build Borg's cube?

@anthonybygrave889 6 жыл бұрын

Don Solaris you do as you are told, resistance is futile

@thomashalsted1888 6 жыл бұрын

Compliance is _not_ in my programming.

@Verderep 6 жыл бұрын

Don Solaris 😍😍😋😋🤓😞😣😭😭🤯😰😰🤫🤯🤮🤮🤮🤮🤢

@jesus4602 6 жыл бұрын

Why do you think they’re killing Christians.

@novailoveyou 3 жыл бұрын

What a great video, thank you!

@borismarmillon8637 3 жыл бұрын

Nice explanation!!! thank U PBS Space Time!

@Crox--Youtube--Channel 6 жыл бұрын

Hey Thanks man ,So When will you start talking about Phantom Singularity ?

@rubenmartinez2994 5 жыл бұрын

Phantom = ghost, apparition, spirit, specter, wraith, spook and phantasm, So the ' Phantom Singularity' is imagination without logic which is .fantasy.

@rubenmartinez2994 5 жыл бұрын

This is addressed to Psython; How convenient calling me a kid, this implies you have no real scientific facts to support the reality of a singularity, other than a inconsistent mathematical concept. And here is the reason why, when the radius becomes 0, Rs/R= 0/0. In mathematics, this expression has no meaning, as there is no number which, multiplied by 0, gives a (assuming R≠0), and so division by zero is undefined. Since any number multiplied by zero is zero, the expression 0/0 is also undefined; Cosmologists just arbitrarily gives it a meaning, without any rationale supporting it, and by definition this is called junk science or pseudoscience. and this is just one of many argument against singularities forming in nature.

@rupertkhan2 5 жыл бұрын

According to the vid, only R is equal to 0. Rs is 2GM. Plus, R/Rs=1 because they are at the same position. Check it again.

@rubenmartinez2994 5 жыл бұрын

Well, if the radius of the singularity equals zero then it must be divided by the radius of the Event Horizon which, is Rs/R or reverse, either way R/Rs it is still 0 if R=0, but now any number divided by 0 is undefined, and if you arbitrarily redefine it to mean Infinity then you relegated to the realm of absurdity, because in particle physics when the results are infinite, it is considered incoherent, which signifies that something is missing or the interpretation of the physics involved is insufficient or just wrong! It must be noted ; When dealing on the scale of a singularity, this is the realm of particle physics.

@rupertkhan2 5 жыл бұрын

ruben martinez stating that rs/r or r/rs as either way is not the same. Specially if one of the values is zero. You can just switch the variable places just because they seem to be the same. Totally different things. Once again rs is not zero. Calm your mind, look at the equations and stop trying to desesperately discredit others work.

@tomreeves8370 7 жыл бұрын

Photon Paradox? At [9:34] he says, "Anything capable of traveling at light speed can only have a spacetime interval of zero. From its perspective, a photon exists in a single instance." A couple of questions...Imagine a photon reaching the Hubble Space Telescope today had originally been emitted from a star in the early universe 13 billion years ago. Einstein’s Special Relativity tells us, traveling at the speed of light, that from the photon’s frame of reference, no time will have passed for the photon between the moment it was emitted from the star and the instant it was recorded by the Hubble telescope. (This idea is echoed in the quote above.) In addition, at the speed of light, the length contraction (or Lorentz contraction) is said to shrink the distance between these two objects (the ancient star and the Hubble telescope) to zero. But herein lies the apparent paradox in two parts: 1) In the early universe 13 billion years ago when the star first emitted the photon, there was no Hubble Telescope for the photon to instantaneously collide with from its frame of reference. In other words, how can the photon instantly collide with something which won't be invented for 13 billion years? Does it have something to do with Eternalism (a.k.a. the block universe theory)? 2) Given the complete length contraction of all points in space to zero at the speed of light, how can a single photon ever be absorbed at any one particular point when, if all distance between points in the universe is zero from the photon’s frame of reference, the photon will hit each and every point throughout the universe simultaneously, not just one?

@mrspidey80 7 жыл бұрын

"In other words, how can the photon instantly collide with something which won't be invented for 13 billion years?" Because it doesn't experience time. For a photon, there is no such thing as "13 billion years". We experience time like we read a book. Every second, every day, every year is one more page that we flip. The photon sees all pages at once.

@yanderevenom9793 Жыл бұрын

Lmaoooooooo!!! Love the Fight Club speech at the end 🥰💖✨

@ddorman365 5 жыл бұрын

Thank you Family that is beautiful, peace and love, Doug:)

@dangiscongrataway2365 7 жыл бұрын

A math PBS? how have I not known this before?!

@symbioticcoherence8435 7 жыл бұрын

Their marketing strategy was apparently not superior.

@frankschneider6156 7 жыл бұрын

+Spaskiba Because it's relatively new ? (around 3 months o so)

@Eassstt 7 жыл бұрын

Please list the songs used?

@ToTheStars327 5 жыл бұрын

0:00 - 2:00 Slow - Miracle kzfaq.info/get/bejne/nrSUZZOYs8jFen0.html

@jasonmonette4516 6 жыл бұрын

10:55 Eddington-Finkelstein has to be the best name I've ever heard

@ffggddss 6 жыл бұрын

And while you're at it, look up "Kruskal diagram."

@I_AM-MICHAEL 5 жыл бұрын

3:57 She says:..."Being limited by reality is so boring." ….I think I'm in love. LOL

@wcsxwcsx 4 жыл бұрын

But the constrictions of reality are where the challenges are!

@jankybit 7 жыл бұрын

Where do you get this lovely background music from?

@empireempire3545 7 жыл бұрын

I'd like to know too!

@Mernom 7 жыл бұрын

Artuir82 who are you, to be able to grasp the video well enough to pay attention to the BGM as well!?

@jankybit 7 жыл бұрын

Marik Zilberman I've been writing music for 20 years as a hobby, so I'm a bit wired to pick stuff like that out. :)

@NoActuallyGo-KCUF-Yourself 6 жыл бұрын

I can't stand it. It sounds like someone's annoying phone ringtone.

@iammichaeldavis 5 жыл бұрын

I also really want to know what the first song is! The one from the first two minutes of the episode

@takaharrue 7 жыл бұрын

Hey this may be a far out comment, but can you guys maybe do a video on Erik Verlinde's theory of emergent gravity? It it an interesting theory but I can not even begin to comprehend the actual scientific papers on it. Perhaps make a video explaining it in a way everyone can understand like you usually do?

@warrenny 5 жыл бұрын

Wow, that would be a great episode. Let's hope PBS will get the message.

@taylanbrannstrom1533 4 жыл бұрын

🤣😂🤣😂 eeeeeasy with the hand gestures..... Great show!

@gmourao 7 жыл бұрын

oh gosh. i did this calculations before but now i have the context. nice

@MichaelLloyd 7 жыл бұрын

Is the calculated infinite density of the "core" of a black hole an artifact of the limitations of three dimensional mathematics?

@Jensaw101 7 жыл бұрын

Mathematics is not restrained to three dimensions the way in which our perceptions are. The equations at the center of the theory of relativity are all four-dimensional tensor equations.

@MichaelLloyd 7 жыл бұрын

Ok. Then, is the calculated infinite density of the "core" of a black hole an artifact of the limitations of four dimensional mathematics?

@Jensaw101 7 жыл бұрын

It's not the number of dimensions that may be the problem -- math can arbitrarily increase it's number of dimensions to suit a problem if asked to -- but it could be an artifact in the model (after all, even the best models are made using some initial assumptions). It could also be an insufficiency in math -- Godel's theorem nicely proves that no internally consistent system (including mathematical systems) can be complete (in the case of math it would mean that there are true statements in existence that a single mathematical system cannot produce theorems for). But there might be other explanations for it. The one in the video, if I understood it correctly, is a compelling one. The singularity never comes to be because, once matter enters the event horizon time is so distorted that nothing ever happens. Everything in the blackhole wants to go to the singularity, but will never get there.

@materiasacra 7 жыл бұрын

No, mathematics happily grinds on in higher dimensions. We can also meaningfully write down the Einstein equation in higher dimensional spacetime. Solving it for the isotropic static case yields a solution that is very similar to what we got in 4-dimensional spacetime. There is one radial coordinate. All the other spatial coordinates don't really matter: they come along for the ride. The solution in n>=4 dimensions is just the one shown in the video, but with r generalized to r^(n-3). So r is still in the denominator and blows things up at r=0.

@MichaelLloyd 7 жыл бұрын

Ah... divide by zero even breaks quantum computers...Thanks to both of you...

@monogameplay3 7 жыл бұрын

SInce the time interval for a stationary object at event horizon - -> 0 ,,one would outlive the entire age of the universe... He would literally see the future whizzing past by him at incredible rate... upto a point when his 1 instant = 100000000trillion years(effectively infinite)... Now, how cool is that

@sadhgurusnippets3288 7 жыл бұрын

lol i was thinking the same thing....that's freakin' awesome! The best thing you can feel before your inevitable death is the universe taking its final breaths right before disapperaing into nothingness

@vpr1422 5 жыл бұрын

If you draw a Penrose diagram for that physical situation, that's not actually what happens, not all light can catch up to you, so you can't witness infinite future, you do see the time go way faster though, but it ends when the last possible light ray reaches you, and it's a lot less than ''infinite'' future. There is an easy way to see why what you said is not possible, black holes will evaporate before the universe ends, so you can't freeze time in a non-existing event horizon.

@robertpettus1436 5 жыл бұрын

yes, but one unfortunate consequence of this would be that all the energy that has ever been emitted in the universe would hit your eye at the same time. Need some serious sunglasses for that event.

@dreamxcviii3249 4 жыл бұрын

2:32 Lmao, he's like okay okay you're taking too much time now hurry it up 😂

@turnb056 3 жыл бұрын

Aw thanks. I needed that bit st the very end :)

@tactiletinkerer 6 жыл бұрын

What is the music for this episode? I wish the artists and song names were annotated... they're wonderful.

@harsharya545 7 жыл бұрын

I study in 8 grade I am from I just love these kind of things but these are a bit advanced for me should I watch them?

@samsungtelevision695 4 жыл бұрын

Harsh Arya of course watch them. Also don't ask for or follow advice on the internet. Especially KZfaq comments 😅🧘🏼‍♀️🧘🏻‍♀️

@ianwilkinson4602 4 жыл бұрын

Yes feed your curiosity, but take care when browsing KZfaq or the internet in general if you are as young as you say, but you have aged two years since your post so you must have learnt quite a lot . I agree with Samsung in that.