The PI3K/AKT signalling pathway

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14 жыл бұрын

The phoshatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) can be activated by binding directly or via the protein IRS-1 to the activated receptor tyrosine kinase. Alternatively, PI3K can be activated by binding to the GTP-bound form of the membrane bound protein Ras. Active PI3K catalyzes the formation of membrane bound PIP3. The second messenger PIP3 activates the serine-threonine kinase AKT. Active AKT phosphorylates many proteins, which leads to the inhibition of apoptosis and to the activation of translation and proliferation.

Пікірлер: 70

@flames1000000 11 жыл бұрын

Thank you for this incredible video; it goes into a lot of depth, however it was explained clearly and as a teenager I understand it so well done.

@abbyleyva5745 6 жыл бұрын

I love this video! So easy to understand, thank you!

@jackpistone8015 8 жыл бұрын

this video is amazing, thank you so much!!!!

@mjgc8755 9 жыл бұрын

The narrator sounds like Carrie Fisher! Thanks for the upload, Carrie!

@Liiipoutou 13 жыл бұрын

Thank you sooooo much !! I'm a french medical student and altough i have not a very good level of english, I understood everything ! Thanks to your videos, it's so much easier to learn my lessons now =D

@plucky2115 5 жыл бұрын

Great video, and yes the reading program does just what is supposed to do. Thank you for posting.

@immadisarojini2775 3 жыл бұрын

I wish I had this teaching 60 years ago

@katewinslet7670 11 жыл бұрын

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), also known as FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein (FRAP), is a 280 kDa serine/threonine kinase which plays a key role in regulating critical cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, transcription, protein synthesis and ribosomal biogenesis by integrating three major inputs-nutrients (amino acids), growth factors (insulin), and cellular energy status.

@carolinegreen4771 7 жыл бұрын

#AKT is involved in cellular survival pathways, by inhibiting apoptotic processes. AKT is also able to induce protein synthesis pathways, and is therefore a key signaling protein in the cellular pathways that lead to general tissue growth. Since it can block apoptosis, and thereby promote cell survival, AKT has been implicated as a major factor in many types of cancer. AKT was originally identified as the oncogene in the transforming retrovirus, AKT8. AKT comprises three highly conserved isoforms in mammals, designated AKT 1/PKBα, AKT 2/PKBβ, and AKT 3/PKBγ. Although each isoform is expressed differentially in a tissue-specific manner, they all contain an N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, which mediates lipid protein or protein protein interactions, a kinase domain, and a C-terminal regulatory domain. -Creative BioMart

@juan280100 9 жыл бұрын

Muy buen video , para comprender un poco mas acerca de la hipertrofia es necesario conocer esta via ..

@evil-robot 14 жыл бұрын

A very clear and informative animation. My only qualm is that I would have liked to see PIP2 and PIP3 illustrated as simplified versions of their molecular formulae (rather than boxes) to differentiate them from proteins (and would make it much easier to mentally consolidate this pathway with the PLC-beta/PKC pathway).

@kzenonos1 13 жыл бұрын

Excellent video (at least for my level). Thank you very much indeed!

@elfassimariam250 4 жыл бұрын

Great video ! Thank u

@funnyviralespn5878 7 жыл бұрын

excellent video

@johnmandrake8829 7 жыл бұрын

this was awesome thanks

@ati071087 12 жыл бұрын

Good video, does miss a few things out. Just to clarify that PIP3, as stated has three phosphate groups which acts as a ligand for protein kinases (Akt) that have a pleckstrin homology domin. Also another pathway that activated Akt causes is the ubiquitylation of glycogen synthase kinase Beta. GSK-Beta, causes the inhibition of a protein called Beta-catenin which acts as transcription factor by binding the tcf/lef promoters and this activates the transcription of cyclin D1. ;)

@anitabalazs5947 6 жыл бұрын

Great, now my brain pictures a purple cat agent explaining science. Thanks Princess Carolyn for the narration! :D

@molekularac 12 жыл бұрын

excellent!

@arpitapriyadarshini30 3 ай бұрын

Awesome

@kemelhadjer2137 4 жыл бұрын

thank you

@Vishal5171 4 жыл бұрын

Omg ... thanks for upload ...

@immadisarojini2775 3 жыл бұрын

Yes so useful

@mohamedkalaaji 8 жыл бұрын

Very nice, really helps :) thanks!!

@hinrichconradsiedenburg554 5 жыл бұрын

Rivista erotik

@hinrichconradsiedenburg554 5 жыл бұрын

Rivista erotik vintage magazine

@ahaz588 11 жыл бұрын

Great

@samifoz2350 10 жыл бұрын

Thank You!

@samifoz2350 10 жыл бұрын

However, I do not think that insulin RTKs are dimerising receptors because it is a class two heterodimer structure at the membrane before signal binding. Binding of IGF-1 causes the B-subunits of the RTK to increase in proximity to allow autophosphorylation.

@danman2007 14 жыл бұрын

thanks!

@sanjaisrao484 2 ай бұрын

thanks

@edu859biology 5 жыл бұрын

Superb ...very easy

@mexicanfish21 13 жыл бұрын

Akt doesn't directly activate Rheb, it phosphorylates TSC2 and suppresses the inhibitory effect of TSC2 towards Rheb, yet in the video it does mention "multi-step", so that's fine.

@ALASKAOO7 5 жыл бұрын

Nel Video non viene spiegato il ruolo di PDK1 e degli enzimi PTEN e IP3K per la formazione di PIP2 e PIP3

@mjgc8755 6 жыл бұрын

It's like Carrie Fisher is teaching us

@dgwear69 11 жыл бұрын

what do you guys study?

@AmericanTradgety 9 жыл бұрын

Like if you came from the bio cell presentation of Uottawa... and your exam is like, soon lol.

@munifthegreat842 9 жыл бұрын

yep... saturday exam. Looking at random videos online about that stuff

@osservatorescettico88 2 жыл бұрын

Sure better than Robbins’ Pathology

@fernsader9261 4 жыл бұрын

Can I ask what softwares are being used to make these motion illustrations?

@nishantsingh361 2 жыл бұрын

@hraqhraq 14 жыл бұрын

very good but still simple. Check Molecular Cell Biology or the Molecular Biology of the Cell both have extensive info about this.

@kommienzuspadt 12 жыл бұрын

@Tallturk I think a computer synthesized voice is speaking.

@marcoshenrique5917 5 жыл бұрын

Muitoo bomm

@haribladeo6686 2 жыл бұрын

Wow

@1986mayday 12 жыл бұрын

Once activated, does PI3K actually dissociate and migrate to PIP2, or do they interact while PI3K is still bound to its activator (a RTK or Ras/GTP)?

@PastTheFacade 7 жыл бұрын

We are taught at our university the scaffold assembles on the RTK creating a microdomain of activity

@Dezwix 13 жыл бұрын

@sb2jan Well, you have Bad and Bax in this pathway

@Klaukardenas 12 жыл бұрын

Question: If the GAP complex that normally inactivates RAS is damaged, this signal pathway would be altered.....what would be the effects ???? Please answer me! I'm doing a Neurofibromatosis 1 expo and i need to undestand this so i can explain pathophysiology of NF1.

@forgetuandme2011 5 жыл бұрын

Claudia Cárdenas Hernández Yh

@stuudyplan9196 3 жыл бұрын

So good

@user-rh7ph9ms5w Жыл бұрын

Is this called survival pathway?

@General0208 12 жыл бұрын

Good luck to my exam :(

@splenter3500 3 жыл бұрын

So u are a doctor now??

@arnauvizcarramiserachs6318 7 жыл бұрын

THIS IS WRONG !!!!! S6K is not a transcription factor, it is a kinase which goes on to phosphorylate ribosomal protein s6 to facilitate protein TRANSLATION

@christophwagener4698 7 жыл бұрын

You are right, the p70S6 kinase (S6K) phosphorylates the small ribosomal subunit protein S6 to increase the rate of protein synthesis. For this reason, we choose the term 'translation factor' (not 'transcription factor').

@arnauvizcarramiserachs6318 7 жыл бұрын

Oh I did not realise that, my fault. Sure because im sooooooo used to hearing this mistake.

@kommienzuspadt 12 жыл бұрын

Pro-Tee-Ay-Zees.