There's No Single Cradle of Humankind

Рет қаралды 440,536

Ай бұрын

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It would take decades for paleontologists to realize that maybe there wasn’t just one so-called "cradle of humankind," and realize that maybe they’d been asking the wrong question all along.
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References:
docs.google.com/document/d/1K...

Пікірлер: 1 100

@AngryKittens 28 күн бұрын

"ew just dinosaurs" - snooty anthropologists

@KhailSOLO 28 күн бұрын

😂😂😂

@ydid687 28 күн бұрын

Brother ughh What the hell brother

@netsherrera7193 28 күн бұрын

"We just missed by a chunk of existance of life years" 🥲

@ryanreedgibson 28 күн бұрын

Awesome avatar! Slava Ukraini! From Arizona, USA!

@eVill420 28 күн бұрын

@@ryanreedgibson thanks for the support for Europe

@kenrickman6697 28 күн бұрын

“It’s complicated.” Describes family dynamics at every level, apparently.

@applegal3058 28 күн бұрын

Indeed lol

@mintybadger6905 28 күн бұрын

Some traditions never die.

@petterbirgersson4489 28 күн бұрын

Facebook relationship status.

@texasbeast239 28 күн бұрын

Paleontological Family Court, With Judge Judy in the Sky Sheindlin

@SantiagoItzcoatl 28 күн бұрын

embrace complexity or else

@DarthChewie 28 күн бұрын

Where did we come from? Where did we go? Where did we come from? Cotton Eye Joe.

@futuristica1710 27 күн бұрын

😂

@dylansimpson7831 25 күн бұрын

🫰🫰🫰

@vigilantcosmicpenguin8721 24 күн бұрын

If I ever discover a fossil of an ancient hominid, I'll name it Cotton Eye Joe.

@fexcab 22 күн бұрын

🫡 great job

@Polloles 20 күн бұрын

😂😂😂

@aplaceinthestars3207 27 күн бұрын

This is the sort of content that is great for the layperson who's been out of formal school for enough years and misses out on the current scientific consensus, especially when the last 5-10 years has had significant breakthroughs with DNA technology.

@RavensEagle 27 күн бұрын

What is the current scientific consensus then smart guy?

@CombatComics 26 күн бұрын

@@RavensEaglelmao what? Go read something.

@adronator 25 күн бұрын

@@RavensEagle Current consensus is that we weren’t fashioned by a Sky Wizard out of mud and a rib.

@animatorofanimation128 23 күн бұрын

@@adronatorI love how atheism is just a personality type for some people. I mean without even being prompted they HAVE to insult religious people, like they are meeting their Reddit quota for the day

@douglemay7989 21 күн бұрын

@@animatorofanimation128 The culture war is raging.

@BlueTyphoon7 28 күн бұрын

I know I shouldn't giggle about it, but forgive me. The artists who make the CG renders of ancient hominids always go out of their way to censor their groins each and every time. it's just really funny to me to imagine them walking around and hunting always making sure to cover themselves from the perspective of any would-be viewers.

@nicholsonastrid 28 күн бұрын

I'm glad somebody else noticed

@chrystals.4376 28 күн бұрын

You never know if somebody is watching it on a bus.

@Renoroc 27 күн бұрын

Perhaps clothing evolved to protect those areas from sharp teeth, hooves and horns?

@DrakeN-ow1im 27 күн бұрын

Much of the blame for that can be accredited to the Abrahamic religions et al.

@ikebeckman1074 27 күн бұрын

That gazelle’s ear was doing some heavy lifting for sure

@lavioliberty8066 28 күн бұрын

In 2022, Japan's national museum of science in Ueno held a special exhibition on this exact topic which was amazing. From the failure in finding the origin of homosapien to their excellently successful collection of dinosaur fossils.

@PresidentEvil2 28 күн бұрын

The Pacific was crossed 13,000 years ago by boat. Asians landed in south america

@vigilantcosmicpenguin8721 24 күн бұрын

I guess one anthropologist's trash is another dinosaurologist's treasure.

@daltongalloway 17 күн бұрын

“Great now we have to make a theme park”

@yourhuckleberry6757 11 күн бұрын

Japan allied with Germany for multiple reasons. Look up endogenous Japanese.. Im sure they found what they were looking for.

@dorongrossman-naples9207 28 күн бұрын

I love that you guys include the historical background for these discoveries. It really helps contextualize them.

@judgeberry6071 28 күн бұрын

As opposed to what?

@AnaphylaxisByPeanutBrittle 28 күн бұрын

@@judgeberry6071as opposed to just saying "this team of people found this stuff". As opposed to not including historical background that does not provide any context or extra information.

@chromothor6266 28 күн бұрын

The bottleneck that happens when a subset of a population migrates to a new habitat is more specifically called "founder effect" while what you might call a "classical bottleneck" happens due to population shrinkage like in cheetahs

@helenamcginty4920 27 күн бұрын

I read a few years ago that our species did in fact hit a bottleneck about 70,000 yrs ago. We were down to about 1000 or so 'breeding pairs' according to one suggestion.

@LuisAldamiz 26 күн бұрын

Founder effect is correct but bottleneck is also valid, as it's an analogy and not a precise technical term, also there's no substantive difference between the two phenomenons you exemplify: they both produce essentially the same results (some original genetics are removed from the result on "random" basis).

@zo5679 24 күн бұрын

@@helenamcginty4920is it because the Toba eruptions?

@joycebrewer4150 16 күн бұрын

@helenamcginty4920 Less than a dozen pairs of humans at one point.

@aste4949 13 күн бұрын

@@joycebrewer4150Worst one was estimated down to 1,280 breeding individuals, still more than a dozen individuals thankfully. I'm definitely curious on which if any of the proposed bottleneck incidents get borne out by further research. Genetics is such a powerful tool!

@apestrong 28 күн бұрын

The bottleneck of genes leaving Africa is really fascinating! Gives a whole new perspective on the diversity of life

@nakenmil 28 күн бұрын

It's also a clear indicator why it's completely nonsensical to talk about "human races" sorted by continental origin (ie. Europeans, Asians, Africans, etc.), because the genetic diversity WITHIN Africa is far greater than the entire rest of the world. If I remember correctly, mitochondrial lineages have been traced back to a single split: there's the Khoi-San peoples of the Kalahari, and then there's... EVERYONE ELSE. So basically, a Zulu and an Inuit and a Frenchman and a Korean are all more closely related genetically than any of these are to the indigenous people of the Kalahari. Pretty wild.

@notaspeck6104 28 күн бұрын

@nakenmil Literally. Like race and culture are two distinct things. The layman’s perception of race is dated and primitive.

@patreekotime4578 27 күн бұрын

@@notaspeck6104It's almost like race is just a social construct.

@Gildedmuse 27 күн бұрын

@@patreekotime4578Can we get maybe get some new plans to change up this construct? Just a little. You know take out some racism here, add some understanding of human evolution there....

@blazer9547 26 күн бұрын

All non Africans are genetically similar

@golden_smaug 28 күн бұрын

Lucy's distant cousins were estranged and didn't want to be found

@koreyb 20 күн бұрын

Lucy took the secret of why Homo Erectus all died out to her grave. But I think we could all guess why. If you know what I mean.

@4124V4TA-SNPCA-x 28 күн бұрын

When she called the dinosaur find "failure", I have heard it in Steven He's voice, loud and reverberating. 😂 I don't know if my brains instant association is cool or disturbing.

@danielpicassomunoz2752 28 күн бұрын

Faaaaaaliiiure

@joebwannabe 28 күн бұрын

What da hail did you say

@jaidadeclouette1989 27 күн бұрын

I love that guy!

@petsgamesandrobots438 27 күн бұрын

Emotional daaamaage!

@alfaseng 27 күн бұрын

"Faaaaiiiiiluuureeee. Already dead due to asteroid haiyaa, my ancestors the rats can survive a measly rock from space, let alone your cousin Timmy can survive Earth tossed out of orbit." ~ Steven He, probably

@aidanb.c.2325 28 күн бұрын

I wrote my Master's thesis on the initial human settlement of Australia and its implications for the Multiregional and Out-of-Africa models. This video feels very familiar. That could also be because I taught Intro to Human Evolution at a community college for 15 years lol.

@atmanebedjou8455 26 күн бұрын

A lot of speculation but no evidence. A theory built on speculation.

@krizcillz 26 күн бұрын

i'm curious, what did your thesis suggest on dates and speciation?

@andrabook8758 25 күн бұрын

I still think that all the hypotheses are incomplete. It still leave a LOT open to interpretations. To me the 1 source for all evolution has never made sense. It does not hold water for any of the other species.

@DesmondKarani 18 күн бұрын

@@atmanebedjou8455 There's a lot of evidence on this theory. What alternative theory do you have? I'm curious.

@MungoManic 7 күн бұрын

Is it published somewhere? I'd love to read it!

@colinmorris3526 28 күн бұрын

The cradle of mankind needs renaming “the classroom of mankind”

@DSAK55 27 күн бұрын

school yard of mankind

@almightyyt2101 14 күн бұрын

YoMTv Welcome to another episode of Mankinds Crib!

@RBzee112 23 сағат бұрын

The syllabus of civilization

@lightbeingform 25 күн бұрын

'braided stream' is a very nice turn of phrase, i heartily approve

@Idellphany 28 күн бұрын

Gosh I feel incredibly validated, as I disagreed about all this with my archaeology professor back in 2002 haha. The idea of only 1 wave once was always dumb to me.

@orbitalvagabond7371 27 күн бұрын

Well, it was only the one wave that survived extinction, unless you mean the minority genetic share of the other two species.

@Idellphany 27 күн бұрын

@@orbitalvagabond7371 "In May 2023, scientists reported, based on genetic studies, a more complicated pathway of human evolution than previously understood. According to the studies, humans evolved from different places and times in Africa, instead of from a single location and period of time." wikipedia Also why would you ever think genetics is static? (as in it hasn't changed in 300k years) The fact that we see any other hominid dna still after how many bottle necks and 300,000 years of dna recombination is very notable.

@Idellphany 27 күн бұрын

@@orbitalvagabond7371 We are only now starting to sequence really old DNA and we will get a much better picture once this process is further explored.

@krizcillz 26 күн бұрын

Suffer together, had a similar experience. Archeology teachers seem to be a bad lot 😂

@LuisAldamiz 26 күн бұрын

@@Idellphany - Whatever: that's just empty chatter. A typical European "multiregional" genetics is 2.4% (all of it Neanderthal and not even from European Neanderthals but Asian ones rather) and, with lesser variations, it's the same for all the rest of humans. In short: we are still more than 95% uniregional, from the Nile region to be specific.

@Spearca 28 күн бұрын

I thought this was building to the "Out of Africa Again and Again" model which largely synthesizes the two described.

@Shantosh9550 28 күн бұрын

Pls do an episode on India when it was an island during the mesozoic after breaking off from Gondwana.

@tim.a.k.mertens 28 күн бұрын

Omg yes I'm so curious about this

@1331423 28 күн бұрын

The Common Descent podcast has a great episode about this! Give them a try

@KellyClowers 25 күн бұрын

@@1331423 second that! They do great deep dives on all kinds of paleo/evolution/zoology things (and botany with Dr. Aly Baumgartner)

@ibrav7979 19 күн бұрын

@@1331423episode number?

@ambulocetusnatans 28 күн бұрын

Taung Child looks like my little brother if he had facial hair at 8.

@davideleazar5721 28 күн бұрын

"Ningún humano es una isla" Tremendo

@patrickf.4440 24 күн бұрын

A more accurate Spanish translation of John Donne's poem would be, "Ningún hombre es una isla." But I am sure Donne meant no hominid is an island .

@chemquests 28 күн бұрын

This year is the 50th anniversary of discovering Lucy!

@lhurst9550 28 күн бұрын

It was not linear, nor a tree, but more of a bush. Many, many starts and stops and mixing.

@brothermine2292 28 күн бұрын

Isn't the topology of a bush the same as the topology of a tree? A better analogy might be a web, which has interconnections between strands.

@ecurewitz 28 күн бұрын

Or a braided stream as mentioned

@Bubble-Foam 7 күн бұрын

@@brothermine2292 Yeah, only difference between a bush and a tree is height.

@AhmedNaguib1 2 күн бұрын

@@brothermine2292 In a tree each node has one path back to the root. in a "bush" which is not a scientific term. Nodes can have multiple paths from the root to them or there can be no root at all.

@brothermine2292 2 күн бұрын

>AhmedNaguib1 : The definition of "bush" is "a large plant that is smaller than a tree and has many branches." That has the same topology as a tree. What definition are you using instead? You might want to consider trimming your bush.

@kiancuratolo903 27 күн бұрын

Its so interesting that while the 'no single time and place' theory was disproven it had a kind of smaller resurrection with the qualifier 'no one time or place in Africa'

@nemosomen 27 күн бұрын

Where did we come from? Where did we go? Where did we come from, human anthro?

@experience741 26 күн бұрын

"sir we found dinosaur fossil" "You're failure"

@TragoudistrosMPH 28 күн бұрын

7:54 one great argument against stereotypes. A group people can't really "all be a certain way" when genetics show just how different people actually are. :)

@katelynnehansen8115 27 күн бұрын

We’re just as different as we are the same. It’s startling to think what a small portion of our DNA responsible for our mosaic of unique traits.

@Bubble-Foam 7 күн бұрын

@@katelynnehansen8115 It’s “small” in comparison to the sheer quantity of dna that does either really basic functions, or nothing at all.

@xirsixussien7303 4 күн бұрын

People who belong to a certain culture behave in a similar way.

@TragoudistrosMPH 4 күн бұрын

@@xirsixussien7303 oh? For example, how does your culture collectively behave?

@ancientalemanni 2 күн бұрын

@@TragoudistrosMPHif you can’t accept the statement people who belong to a certain culture behave a certain way, then the word culture has no meaning. It’s literally the definition of culture for Christ’s sake

@bradw.1945 28 күн бұрын

I'd be thrilled to find dinosaur bones. Maybe I should start digging up my back yard.

@xINVISIGOTHx 28 күн бұрын

I wish I lived somewhere where dinosaurs lived. I'd be digging all the time

@bradw.1945 28 күн бұрын

No dinosaurs where I live either. The land was totally scoured by glacier activity. Everything left is either younger than a million years or from the Pleistocene.

@smalltime0 28 күн бұрын

@@bradw.1945 That's the main issue, also it'd have to be the right conditions to preserve a fossil in the first place.

@istvansipos9940 28 күн бұрын

KFC chicken wings. With bonus dinosaur bones

@DarthChewie 27 күн бұрын

@@bradw.1945 Unless I'm missing something, that seems like a pretty roundabout way of saying 'everything left is younger than 2.6 millions years'... Also, have you tried digging deeper? But learn from my mistakes: When you hit mantle, you've gone too far. It melted my shovel.

@vincentdavis1926 8 күн бұрын

The last I heard ... homo sapiens left Africa in multiple waves mixing with the various types of homonids who were already around the world.

@iron3491 18 күн бұрын

There is something humbling about watching these videos. It really puts into perspective how all of our ancestors have not been struggling for better lives for decades or centuries but rather millions of years.

@JamesLeatherman 28 күн бұрын

I miss Steve.

@michaelpdawson 28 күн бұрын

I think that every time they read the names!

@erdood3235 28 күн бұрын

What happened to him?

@michaelmayhem350 28 күн бұрын

Me too but my aim is improving

@samh9436 28 күн бұрын

Same.

@BonaparteBardithion 28 күн бұрын

@@erdood3235 We don't really have a way of knowing. I would guess a change in financial situation.

@Beryllahawk 28 күн бұрын

I much prefer the interwoven braid type idea for our lineage; it seems a LOT more logical given what we know about evolution in general terms. Too, I reallllly think the initial ideas that there could be only one "correct human lineage" was rooted in some fairly unpleasant assumptions. Things the scientists at the time might not even have been aware of (or seen as a problem) but that definitely shaped HOW they looked for evidence and what they were willing to accept AS evidence. Which you did mention but I felt like pointing out that the systems of colonialism really did (and do) extend right through every single thing Western science has done. Glad to see us slowly but steadily shedding those old bad habits.

@chriswatson7965 27 күн бұрын

I don't understand your post. First you say that you prefer the braided model, then you say that there isn't a correct model and imply that believing that there can be a correct model is bad science. Please explain.

@tsopmocful1958 24 күн бұрын

This video and your comment try to emphasise colonialism whenever mentioning Western history as though it defines all of Western history - including our scientific history. Please keep in mind that things like studying and discovering the origin of human species wouldn't have even gone beyond the level of local myths in the first place if it wasn't for the Scientific Revolution initiated by the West and still largely carried by the West.

@kyrab7914 23 күн бұрын

There was also a lot of phrenology- reading the bumps of the skull to determine intelligence of ppl. Also influenced by our friend racism and subsequently debunked

@Dotsetc 15 күн бұрын

⁠⁠⁠@@tsopmocful1958I feel like only you assumed that because you mightve felt uncomfortable by it. Yes when it comes to subjects like this, racist undertones or full blown racism was quite a standard in the West from the 18th century on. They even purposefully did it to create a superiority idea backed by 'factual evidence' to the degree too many Western people believe these theories to be true to this very day. Doesnt mean the West hasnt contributed greatly. They just also destroyed reason just as much whenever it benefitted them.

@davidschaftenaar6530 13 күн бұрын

@@Dotsetc What motivated the person's reply is irrelevant, how many people share their views is irrelevant. They either have a point or they don't. And in this case, I think this person _does_ have a point. You're asserting that Western colonialism and the hair brained attempts at justifying it were and (to a significant extent) still are the dominant influence when it comes to paleoanthropology and many other fields. Even prioritizing that influence above that of reason. That simply isn't true. If that were the case, we would never have ended up with a scientific consensus that so thoroughly invalidates both the concept of racial superiority/inferiority and the entire concept of race as a biologically meaningful way of categorizing human beings. The reason those ideas are no longer accepted as scientifically valid (which, very true, they once were) is because, when scientists in the West were presented with the choice between following the evidence, or clinging to views that conveniently validated their worldview and their own position in the existing social hierarchy: They largely chose to follow the evidence.

@emiliiiaaaaaa 28 күн бұрын

i love this channel hopefully when i’m a paleontologist i can be a host

@Adi-8529 28 күн бұрын

That’s such a super ambition!!!

@zantetsu8674 27 күн бұрын

@@Adi-8529 The paleontologist part or the KZfaq host part? I know which one *I* think is a worthwhile ambition ...

@Gildedmuse 27 күн бұрын

6:20 Love this shot showing just how big Africa is. Maps dont always capture just how big many places are.

@ttt5020 4 күн бұрын

I wouldn't say so, it's just not far enough away from Earth? Africa doesn't take up half the globe. It's the same way that looking down from a building shows 'how big' the city is, since it appears to be half of the earth assuming the rest is on the other half. Same illusion as the timestamp

@viyorel 27 күн бұрын

i LOVE learning about ancient humans

@malkong2784 18 күн бұрын

i’ve watched every video yall have, i’ve been watching since day one. I love you guys, thank you all for always giving me something educational to look forward too, it’s made my life a lot easier than yall could ever know

@chemquests 28 күн бұрын

Early misdirection on where to look also came from religious ideas like the Garden of Eden (& literalists actually expecting to find it).

@sophiejones3554 25 күн бұрын

Yep, that definitely played into the whole "Lemuria" thing. People really wanted to find a Garden of Eden type origin, in order to reconcile their religious beliefs with science.

@simontmn 3 күн бұрын

There does seem to be evidence now that agriculture and towns both started in eastern Turkey in the traditional "garden of Eden" area. I guess that's when we ate the apple. :)

@sophiejones3554 3 күн бұрын

@@simontmn that's only *one* of the places those things were invented. What the actual evidence shows is that there were multiple origin points for human civilizations. The only scrap of truth in the "Garden of Eden" idea is that these places were all around big rivers where many types of resources were available all year round. The vastly different ways that people organized their civilizations however, reflect the different staple crops and other conditions (such as the flooding patterns of the rivers) around them. People had already spread to every continent well before anything resembling a civilization existed anywhere, so all the major civilization centers grew up independently. That is, although the conditions in the Fertile Crescent accelerated the growth of city-states, the idea of a city-state very much did NOT radiate out from there. It was invented multiple times independently.

@simontmn 3 күн бұрын

@@sophiejones3554 "that's only one of the places those things were invented" - True, but does seem to be the oldest though! Certainly the oldest known.

@chemquests 3 күн бұрын

@@simontmn “garden of Eden area”??? Why would anyone have an expectation of where that would be? Anywhere you find earliest settlements you could claim post hoc to be such an area. I used the term misdirection intentionally as the entire story is a red herring.

@vincentdavis1926 8 күн бұрын

7:53 is when she gets to the point

@ruyfernandez 28 күн бұрын

Thanks for this video! I am a student and I am writing a paper and about to start a PhD about this subject.

@SuperLoops 28 күн бұрын

now I need to know why that guy thought we came from an island that sank into the indian ocean it seems like such a wild idea to pull outve nowhere

@smalltime0 28 күн бұрын

The idea predated the notion of plate tectonics and continental drift. Its seems easy to discredit with hindsight (we have tools like seismology and 'advanced' genetic testing), but basically everyone was looking to explain why its very obvious that we are one species - but why are there such radical racial differences. Its easy enough to explain Afro-Eurasia being fine, but you have people in the Americas, Oceania and the Pacific that wouldn't have been in contact with each other for millennia. Islands at the time were known to rise and fall on occasion and Lemuria sort of bridged India to Australia and Madagascar. The other cut off islands would have been the result of smaller bridges that had since disappeared. The basis of the wild speculation is that the Lemur are in Madagascar and India but not Africa, its not the only animal where that's true. And the theory isn't that wild when you consider during the ice age there were actually land bridges/shallower waters which did enable migration of humans (and for horses to get to asia before going extinct in the americas)

@ldbarthel 28 күн бұрын

I wouldn't say out of nowhere. There is an antecedent in the account of Atlantis from Plato. Also, the idea of a global flood as described in Genesis still had adherents. (FWIW, it's far more likely that the various flood narratives are based on local catastrophic events, although there is also some cross-pollination between cultures in the structure and details of the stories.)

@smalltime0 27 күн бұрын

@@ldbarthel Also the sea people in the Bronze Age collapse

@LuisAldamiz 26 күн бұрын

Ever heard of "the lost continent of Lemuria"? Well, you didn't miss much, but that's what passed as respectable science a century ago or so...

@smalltime0 26 күн бұрын

@@LuisAldamiz wow you got what the OP was talking about. Its easy to dismiss in the age of seismology and hydrology and the like, but trying to explain observable facts, using observable facts... Lemuria makes sense.

@Wanhope2 28 күн бұрын

🎉🎉Always celebrate a new Eons video!

@Taiiena 28 күн бұрын

Delightfully informative video👍🏾

@netsherrera7193 28 күн бұрын

Thank you VERY MUCH for this explanation! 🙏

@Myself-yf5do 28 күн бұрын

So Africa was so harsh that our prehistoric ancestors evolved better brains to figure out how to cope with the challenges?

@LovelyRobotFigurine-lr5pu 25 күн бұрын

😂😅😂

@userJohnSmith 3 күн бұрын

We stood up and freed our hands because the rain forests dried out. That led to a more efficient body design (seriously no one can or distance us). That left more energy and an amazing tool (dextrous hands)for our brains to make use of. So kinda yeah.

@RythmicRaindrops 28 күн бұрын

I love these Super difficult to answer questions. It's really fun to try to comprehend those tens of thousands of years have gone into the evolution of our species, And all of the species before them

@duncanangelotizon9188 24 күн бұрын

For a long time the consensus was that humans anatomically similar to us first emerged 200,000 years ago, it’s amazing how this video already has updated information stating that it was as farther back as 300,000 years ago. I also read that from a book called “The science of being human.” It’s fascinating how science is a continual quest for knowledge.

@GLBinNP 28 күн бұрын

Excellent video, thanks !!

@zachhoff9876 28 күн бұрын

Great video! Learned a lot. Thanks

@that_one_momo_guy 26 күн бұрын

Easily one of the best popular science channels out there, thank you for amazing, detailed, nuanced and critical content! PS if you guys bring back the Eons t-shirts I'll buy one instantly lol

@PulseHistory 21 күн бұрын

ach release is like a gift! Thank you for your labor.

@baraskparas9559 23 күн бұрын

Great presentation as usual. Eloquent and informative.

@SinKimishima 28 күн бұрын

My fridge is the crade of new fungi-kind

@noneyabizz8337 28 күн бұрын

Lol, you edited and the comment is still bad

@philipblount2561 28 күн бұрын

Bet. We're sending a team to your location.

@CdFMasterVideo 28 күн бұрын

Wait till in interbreeds with mine

@rabidpichu7391 28 күн бұрын

Odd flex, but okay

@rabidpichu7391 28 күн бұрын

Lmao jk can totally relate

@JoseReyes-yn3xj 28 күн бұрын

Great video! Thank you for informing me on our (human's) history.

@nsl-u-boot8464 28 күн бұрын

Thank you so much for making such enlightening content!

@SacrosanctStories 27 күн бұрын

Thank you for recognizing indigenous people at the ends of your episodes. I have been watching the show for years, and appreciate this sooo much. Also, I miss the jokes....

@chiccngeorge3058 23 күн бұрын

This entire video was about indigenous peoples lmao I don’t see how you people can think there’s a difference from native Africans and any other native group on earth.

@Peecamarke 28 күн бұрын

Great vid! So informative I was always confused by the different areas considered cradles of civilization va cradles of our species and etc

@Serenity_Dee 27 күн бұрын

2:13 When I was a teenager (30+ years ago) the estimate for divergence from chimpanzees and bonobos was 2 or 3 mya, according to what I remember reading at the time. Of course, at the time, we also thought New World monkeys were more closely related to Old World monkeys than either group is to apes, and that the ape lineage split off before that split, so monkeys and apes were two different clades. Now I know that genomics and cellular studies have conclusively demonstrated that New World monkeys split off from the Old World monkey lineage much earlier than we did, and apes are also in the monkey clade.

@LuisAldamiz 26 күн бұрын

Should be at least 8 million years, notably because Sahelanthropus is already very clearly in our line and not theirs (upright walking, some brain features like us even if it was still a small brain). Various more serious estimates are between 8 Ma to maybe as much as 17 Ma (I lean for 10-12 Ma). A key calibration point is the split between chimps and bonobos, which must coincide with the formation of the Congo River basin, which is not precisely dated but probably c. 1.7 Ma ago.

@ttt5020 4 күн бұрын

Hm- you mention the common ancestor between humans and chimps a few times, but I think it's important to specify- that's actually the human-chimp-bonobo common ancestor! That species split into humans and chimp-bonobos, the latter only much later splitting into chimps and bonobos. Chimps and bonobos are like siblings, and humans are like their cousin. I think it's especially important due to the differences between bonobos and chimps, to whom we are equally related. For example, bonobos eat mostly fruits and plants and are peaceful, as opposed to the more omnivorous and war-like chimpanzee. This could be an interesting video topic!

@AvadGroup 28 күн бұрын

Mood changed… great day…. New video from eons 🎉🎉

@TragoudistrosMPH 28 күн бұрын

3:26 I love that you put the science in the context of history! ❤ -happy patron!

@70SavageCCC 25 күн бұрын

This video was so needed!

@nicennice 23 күн бұрын

The only "problem" with this video is that it's only 12min long. I wish I'd studied this subject at university and not computer science 😒.

@CSRaleigh 14 күн бұрын

Bet archeologists and anthropologists could benefit from your skillset and you could work and learn with them. Just a thought.

@royprovins7037 5 күн бұрын

Yeah well you are probably gainfully employed too

@aashutoshmule 27 күн бұрын

'No human is an island' I like that statement

@ktspirit1 26 күн бұрын

No Man is an Island. A poem by John Donne.

@aashutoshmule 25 күн бұрын

@@ktspirit1 Oh...I did not know that...thanks for sharing. Will read the poem.

@atomictraveller 14 күн бұрын

i was gonna debate but ur right, once ur an island, they call you a demon or some other shi not man then they HSS you from the FUSION center

@stevefisher2553 28 күн бұрын

So cool! Ty

@vladciobanu7480 27 күн бұрын

Great insights, such complexity!

@highfive7689 28 күн бұрын

Kallie Moore, thank you for a wonderfully presented program. I also know that some of your own researches may have been used in the programming. Lots of hard work from all of you. Absolutely well thought out explanation that takes into account all the contradictory theories, and yet unites them. We can call it - The Unifying theory of Homo Sapiens evolution. - lol. But, it is the only concept that takes into account genetic, geological, Time scales and physical fossil distributions.

@MrJacksonstudios 28 күн бұрын

She's so cute, in a science way.

@futuristica1710 27 күн бұрын

True. Smart and beautiful.

@superericdude100 10 күн бұрын

I love how they manage to send "the message" no matter what they are talking about

@richardb8104 5 күн бұрын

It's why PBS jumped the shark many years ago friend. Too much message, and not enough actual science.

@hsmd4533 5 күн бұрын

It’s PBS. Their main goal is always The Message.

@TheCognitiveDissident 2 күн бұрын

What the heck is “the message?“ (genuinely wondering).

@Alice_Walker 28 күн бұрын

I absolutely LOVE these early human videos! So cool!! 💜

@AlaskanMagicK9 28 күн бұрын

Love it! Reminded me of my anthropology class in high school

@TristanKing-dq5cd 28 күн бұрын

Hella early and very excited for this episode. Thank you for helping advance the march of Knowledge!

@notimetolive12 28 күн бұрын

Was Lemuria full of Golem people and loved music and symphonies?? (I am kidding,, It's a game reference)..

@texasbeast239 28 күн бұрын

Poor Sméagol, we barely knew ye.

@notimetolive12 28 күн бұрын

@@texasbeast239 I was talking about Genshin, not Lotr.. It's Golem, not gollum.. But anyway, happy day 😊

@misterbadguy7325 28 күн бұрын

Lemuria got picked up in occultism, hence it tends to show up in that kind of literature.

@MegaJessness 27 күн бұрын

Naw, Lemuria was totally full of ancient humans who had alchemy figured out and were mostly water Adepts :D

@pwnorthwest 5 күн бұрын

Remember when they allowed Nestle’s to steal massive quantities of water from Cascade Locks for their commercial water bottling operation.

@Goomba2007 16 күн бұрын

The idea that humans all came from a now sunken island is kinda fun. Evidence, as stated, suggests otherwise but the idea that we are all displaced natives of some forgotten continent has narrative appeal

@hsmd4533 5 күн бұрын

That would make us all colonizers

@marksmanentertainment 28 күн бұрын

I love this channel

@mistergoats4380 28 күн бұрын

Yeah, life is often not that simple.

@djSpinege 17 күн бұрын

I Clicked on this just to say the title made me literally face palm.

@gsilcoful 28 күн бұрын

Thank you.

@mjacobs8139 28 күн бұрын

Brb. Gotta watch the Kendrick video and come back 4:57

@leeshmonsterzero 28 күн бұрын

@5:40 does anyone else hear a Red-winged blackbird?

@stopdacap2991 28 күн бұрын

I definitely heard it.

@GillianMStarlight 27 күн бұрын

It sounds like one, at least it's not the red-tailed hawk sound that almost always gets dubbed over bald eagles. It helps that I saw and heard maybe dozens of them last Sunday.

@vincentdavis1926 8 күн бұрын

This roller coaster just to say multiple places in Africa...my goodness

@franceshorton918 27 күн бұрын

Seems to me that when the earliest hominid groups got together and mated, the most important thing is not the mating. It is the female's ability to: conceive the baby, carry the baby to term, and safely deliver it. Remember, it is a massive new challenge for the female pelvis to be upright and walking while a pregnancy advances. Did babies die often? Im sure they did. Did mothers die often? I'm sure they did. It still isn't easy for humans to carry and safely deliver babies. We are heirs to the lucky and the strong mothers from the dawn of our time ... and those babies had to stay safe, strong, and be fertile when they reached sexual maturity. Must've been hard times for them all

@kimyoonmisurnamefirst7061 28 күн бұрын

The origin of Fire and Art might be further back in history than we thought and neither are homo sapiens in origin. Fire--some mild evidence points to Homo erectus and art might date before us contemporary humans (And no, it's not Neanderthal--there is evidence it goes back even further according to one doc I saw). ^^ Sticking in my anthro degree stick for maybe future episodes.

@Toxicpoolofreekingmascul-lj4yd 28 күн бұрын

I read a hypothesis that our early evolution was in a very active volcanic area with lava and fire as a constant presence on the landscape for millions of years. He speculated we learned how to use it and control it gradually as we became habituated to it's presence but didn't leave evidence because we were simply using fire naturally present and not yet making hearths or creating fire from scratch. That's just the broad outlines but it was intriguing and explained a lot. I suspect he may becon to something.

@kimyoonmisurnamefirst7061 28 күн бұрын

@@Toxicpoolofreekingmascul-lj4yd They found some mild evidence for fire pits for Homo Erectus which shows ability to control fire, though this is kinda disputed, we are 100% sure it's Homo Heidelbergensis had it. The lava idea I haven't heard widespread that much, but early settlements did set up near large deposits. But looked it up... sounds like you're referring to "Speculations about the Effects of Fire and Lava Flows on Human Evolution" by Michael Medler? I should note his main field of study is Geography (Which also deals with humanity as well), but there isn't much follow up to back him quite yet and most of his ideas are speculation if you read his paper carefully. But finding hard evidence would be difficult. Homo Naledi according to the Netflix documentary about them had art. Which just blows your mind. But Neanderthal (whose classification is under dispute) also had art. So this might argue that we're missing art of our early human ancestors? Given how Naledi art is much like later art in caves, it leaves a lot of questions.

@franceshorton918 27 күн бұрын

Just following along your thoughts about early hominids being familiar with fire, long enough to learn about it.... WHT didn't other animals learn to be 'not afraid' of fire? Lions, wolves, bears, and gorillas,, etc, they are all very intelligent mammals. I know we had opposable thumbs, but t would they have been ready for the fine muscle control and the care needed to avoid burns? Most non domesticated animals avoid fire

@Toxicpoolofreekingmascul-lj4yd 27 күн бұрын

@@franceshorton918 probably the ability to pick up a burning stick and also feed it fuel for which opposable thumbs would be essential. Intelligence and a larger brain, which meant curiosity certainly were important. Several scenarios: a predator chasing you, in desperation you run towards a burning lava pool and the predator stops chasing you. This becomes a regular tactic beginning our relationship with fire which we now see as a friend. Perhaps you even begin to live near it. An animal burned by a fire is scavenged, the cooked meat much easier to chew and digest. The early hominins begin bringing scavenged meat to fires or lava pools and deliberately cooking it. Those seem pretty plausible, maybe one led to the other? We know chimpanzees can learn a new skill and pass it to their offspring, there are whole groups that do things others don't. It's a form of culture, I could see a group learning to use fire, it becomes part of their culture and a strong evolutionary pressure ensues making that group evolve much differently than all the others. What do you think?

@kimyoonmisurnamefirst7061 27 күн бұрын

@@franceshorton918 Other animals, especially on the open savannah, likely were used to being surrounded by fire, but with the inability to *control* it. For humans (in the deleted reply for whatever reason even though the deleted reply had nothing threatening or mean in it but was pure academia and was merely citing sources without any links) the evolution of the hominin brain might have depended very much on cooked meat from several supporting articles. In another words, there is a link between bigger brains and meat, though there is also the sea hypothesis out there too. The ability to control fire would help kill all sorts of things in the food: parasites, harmful bacteria, and also give defense. So yes, those thumbs probably played a role over time with the control of fire.

@dr.victorvs 27 күн бұрын

Map projections that aren't area-corrected, like Mercator's, would have made it look more unlikely that humans came from Africa, just due to how small it makes Africa seem. Africa is in fact 30.37 million km², compared to Europe's 10.53 million km².

@dwilly8381 27 күн бұрын

This is. one of my top fav videos thus far

@threejaguar 28 күн бұрын

We do have a single point of original origin, but finding it will be difficult. At some point, our last common ancestor with the Chimp/ape line merged the 2nd and 3rd gene into one gene to form our line of descent.

@xyzpdq1122 28 күн бұрын

No bad jokes!?!? Kallie…

@NachtmahrNebenan 28 күн бұрын

Walking on two legs seems to have developed multiple times. But only we survived for still unknown reasons.

@michaelrunco5940 28 күн бұрын

Of course you mean specifically in apes.

@NachtmahrNebenan 28 күн бұрын

@@michaelrunco5940 Thank you for the addition 🌺

@nebulan 28 күн бұрын

I'm sure many factors. "It's complicated" covers much of science and history. Homo sapiens also has other advantages: throwing, sweat, cooking meat to support bigger brains, etc. I'm sad we don't know our ancient cousins today.

@colinmorris3526 28 күн бұрын

In the video she mentions that one species did not replace all, rather through interbreeding amongst different populations that had the same origin(homo erectus) we are the surviving result of that happening, also all of the populations were upright and walked and their genes(or rather the best of those genes) survive amongst us.

@MorrisJohn-vo2vn 28 күн бұрын

@@colinmorris3526 Effectively, one species replaced the other. Europeans as an example are like 1% or less Neanderthal on average. That's not Homo Sapien - Neanderthal hybrid, that's Homo Sapien.

@marqessanzcora4089 28 күн бұрын

As always..., thanks

@redwolfjoy 22 күн бұрын

I love this video! I very much enjoyed this one.

@g-rexsaurus794 27 күн бұрын

"other cultures had their own origin stories" And? They are not scientific

@hattielankford4775 27 күн бұрын

Did you watch the video?

@g-rexsaurus794 27 күн бұрын

@@hattielankford4775 I did, why? It's not particularly relevant

@davidschaftenaar6530 13 күн бұрын

Ah, yes. That'll be the influence of a certain postmodern ideology that views evidence-based scientific theories as just another kind of story, no more or less valid than any other.

@kenwalker687 22 сағат бұрын

Religious mythology, I would not call "wrong" but it is not scientific. They may help you come closer to the devine.

@mrrobototoo6663 28 күн бұрын

If all these different population were able to interbreed with each other, then they were all part of the same species, as per the conventional biological species concept. The account you've given simply pushes back the question to what was the most recent common ancestor that all these population shared. Even the diagram at 10:15 has a single original stem.

@Toxicpoolofreekingmascul-lj4yd 28 күн бұрын

Species isn't that cut and dried. Lions and tigers are certainly separate species yet still capable of reproduction with each other. Even a few case of different genera successfully cross breeding exist.

@Lau3464l 24 күн бұрын

“Species” is a man-made construct. The lines between species can become incredibly blurry as we move further back in time.

@agab3asbgedsbef479 15 күн бұрын

@@Toxicpoolofreekingmascul-lj4yd yet those species “tions and “ligers” cant reproduce because theyre infertile if humans could reproduce with other subspecies and they would be infertile then those mixed species genes would never reach us because we cant reproduce with infertile people you know? infertile people die without kids even if we all reproduced with another subspecies we would just all be infertile and die go extinct

@LaineyBug2020 26 күн бұрын

I definitely think it's a mix of Out of Africa and Multi Regional. It also makes sense for a wider spread, simultaneous/convergent evolution instead of a smaller regional evolution.

@NorthForkFisherman 26 күн бұрын

Concur. Our original base stock DID come from the Rift Valley. But populations splitting off and having further isolated evolution of their own probably interbred with the main genetic line transferring advantageous genes like bacteria and plasmids.

@j3i2i2yl7 27 күн бұрын

It is easy to fall into the belief that humans evolved in places that were favorable to perserving bones and relics. They could have spent millenia along the coastlines before sea levels rose.

@eclecticaaronbentley 28 күн бұрын

An informative and entertaining episode as usual, but what was up with the audio? It sounds like multiple sections were re-recorded away from the studio.

@LivingWithGout 19 күн бұрын

I know for a fact I came out of the great rift of Africa

@guyh.4553 23 күн бұрын

Great episode as normal!

@TheStrengthofBeer 22 күн бұрын

This new hypothesis is so different (but fascinating) from what I've learned for the last 40 years. I like it! Our story keeps getting better.

@ConradSpoke 11 күн бұрын

Local people in Africa were "pushed out" and prevented from doing science? How did tribes without written languages or the wheel do scientific research?

@3zzzTyle 6 күн бұрын

@@hadiisaboss5307 Casually calling tribes inhuman

@ek-kn7vn 28 күн бұрын

"Mixed their genes" Oh yeah, I bet they did 😏

@windlessoriginals1150 28 күн бұрын

Thank you

@GayanSanjeewaKarunarathne 3 күн бұрын

1:14 Picture of Colombo, Sri Lanka with the famous Lotus Tower in the background: it's not where humans evolved from rather where this human is from 🇱🇰