The fact that the northwest survived (beyond specific Musilim raids and attacks) shows two things: 1)The Witizan faction of the Gothic Kingdom retained their strongpost in the peripheral parts of the peninsula. 2) The power structures and implantation of the Suebi in the northwest was way more solid and valid that those of the Visigoths. In fact, the continuity of the division and administration of the land in Gallaecia carried by the Suebian kings can be seen in documents through all the High Middle Ages.

Great lecture! Just one critique that I would like to ramble on about... It seems to still give the popular impression of an Andalusian kumbaya paradise of equality between Moors/Muslims, Latins/Christmas and Jews in the Iberian peninsula which seems dated now. In my humble opinion a more detailed video or series of videos like the ones you did on the Byzantine Empire would have given a clearer picture of this complex time period of the peninsula. For one, the conquering Muslims implemented several laws, not just the ONE about Christian men banned from marrying Muslim women, that made non-Muslims into third class citizens (second class citizens being those who converted to Islam). Consequently this helps explain why non-Muslims would have the incentive to convert to Islam. Admittedly it is a loaded topic which is hard to keep objective when one starts to throw in religions into the mix. Also, something that I think helps demystify this time period is the fact that the Arabs, like Turks, were nomadic like peoples, who when conquering urban civilizations would absorb and/or implement aspects of those conquered civilizations. Keeping that in mind helps illustrate a more pragmatic/realistic picture of what it was really like back then such as your example with El Cid. The Moors/Muslims incorporated Christians and Jews into their administration, but they did so as overlords utilizing useful subjects to help them rule and not as equals (lose parallel to Janissaries: Christian boy slaves who become incorporated into the master's culture/religion). An interesting example of the Moors/Muslims incorporating elements of the conquered Latin/Visigothic culture in the Iberian peninsula can be found in architecture; those famous arches of the mosque of Cordoba, the builders got those arches from the Romanesque architecture of the Visigoths, who got it from the collapsed Western Roman Empire, and those same striped arches can be found in the capital of the surviving sister empire to the east, Constantinople. The last thing I'll ramble on about because I have become a fan of your chanel, is that your mention of the Spanish language not being the same after the Moorish invasion...is kind of misleading, if I got your meaning. I can say as a fluent Spanish speaker (and linguistic enthusiast) that the influence of the Arabic language on Castilian/Spanish, and for that matter Portuguese and Catalan, was less than the effect French had on English after the Norman invasion (look at how different Old English is from Middle English). Castilian/Spanish remains a thorough romance language directly descended from the vulgar Latin spoken in the Roman province of Hispania. The influence of Arabic was adding vocabulary to these languages (in Spanish almost all words that start with 'Al'). Out of all romance languages (including Portuguese, French, Romanian, etc) Spanish is the most similar phonetically to Italian which is essentially modern Latin (Latin is not really a dead language people, it simply evolved). Interesting side note: the Sephardic Jews expelled from Spain who went on to live in Eastern Europe and Turkey and are now mostly in Israel, to this this day, speak a medieval version of Spanish which they call Ladino (cognate of Latino or in English Latin) which remains very little changed from modern Castilian/Spanish.

I loved this lecture, very well explained. Thank you

You do great lectures. Very informative and well explained

Did you know the name of León (city and kingdom) comes from the Roman legion stationed there? Legión -> León

This is my new favorite channel, 10/10

Pretty good offering, helps to fill in a few of the blanks I've had about the history of the region during this period,

"...and in true medieval fashion these so-called parliaments are really just gatherings of nobles and have nothing in common with a modern parliament..." 😂😂😂

Amazing content man. I'm in love with your videos. They feed my 🧠. I would be glad to pay a Patreon to support you

Thank you for this; worthy of seminary. Very enjoyable. (Navarre is pronounced Navar, Algarve = Algarv - please don't think I am a pedant - I am quarter Spanish - I could never put this fascinating monologue together). Please do more. Love Hedy.

Just here to see who took my ancestors but great lecture my man good information...need more like you

excellent lecture! gracias

You are citing the Almoravids as a potential reason for why the Christian converted durign the 10-11th centuries, but this period coincides more with the peak of Cordoba and taifa period, not with Almoravid rule.

Great video!

Nice video man. But maybe add more stuff about El Cid, very fascinating dude. A whole video about him by you would be pretty cool.

Really good video, but you butchered the region names so bad. “The region of navariiii” 😂🤣😂

It wasn't the caliphate that took the beating, it was the 20 + taifa petty kingdoms that lost territory after a long civil war since the death of the last legitimate Caliph Hisham II. It was the taifa kingdoms that invited the Almoravids to defend them, almost a century after the the (fitnah) - series of civil wars that marked the death of the caliphate and the emergence of dozens of petty kingdoms and city states- started.It's a shame that you missed that chapter since it's the most important and interesting. That gave timeline has several major chronological and factual inaccuracies on the Al Andalus side.and several missed chapters which adds further,as well as non chronological maps , you're following the spanish side more or less chronologically though.

Ooooh a video on the Reconquista

Why did the naming traditions of the Visigoths change so much after the Arab conquest? What was the process happening there?

Thanks! ❤🇵🇹🇪🇸

would love a video on medieval Athens

I've read and wonder how is it that Sufis went to Scotland paving the way for the Knights Templars to settle there as they fled from France?

You have El Cid was said to be in exile in 1041 but have it printed 1081

Count Afonso (originally from Burgundy) was father to D. Afonso Henriques aka D. Afonso I (1st King of Portugal) from his marriage to Teresa of Castille... he never proclaimed himself king, it was his son and namesake Afonso. I also think the title would be best if it were "Medieval Iberia" or "Medieval Spain and Portugal" as there are parts of the video focusing on Portugal not just Spain which got its name much later. It's is a bit offensive not to differentiate one from the other or find a more encompassing alternative... Portugal might not have its former colonies but it still has some pride in its identity. Thank you for the video.

Thanks for not being bias..

Navvarie?

I can understand why there was so much turmoil. I wouldn't want to be around a 711 either! Sorry couldn't resist.

Link to maps? Vision impaired

Navvery??????????

👑RÍOS FAMILY 👑 it refers to the ROYAL HOUSE OF ASTURIAS where the RÍOS👑 last name most likely originated from.👑.

make this your full time job I love your channel I'm so horny for history no one understands lmao! keep it up man!

¡Qué Viva el Reino de Pamplona Navarra! ¡Casa de Jiménez todavía estoy aqui saludos desde Nueva México Estados Unidos! ⚔️🇺🇸🇪🇸🇲🇽⚔️🕎☦️🕎

NAAAAVAAARRRAAAA NO NEVERE... 🤣however good video men 😁

If you look at the problem on the chessboard at around 13 1/2 minutes you can see that the Muslim guy just put the Christian guy into checkmate. That's presuming that the Muslim guy just made his move which I'm guessing by his raised finger that he did. This has to be the first ever animated chess game summary. Also it is a representative picture so it could not have been done by a Muslim.

Liked the video quite a bit but some of your pronunciations are so off that they become distracting. Don’t mean to be a hater just a little constructive criticism

9:13 Hello! My name is Inigo Arista...you killed my father.. prepare to die!

Viva La Reconquista ! ✝️🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸✝️

My surname is literally derived from Navarre and the only thing that annoyed me about his pronunciation was all the virgins whining about someone who doesn’t speak Spanish butchering the pronunciation.

Anyone who is interested in the Reconquista should check out the KZfaq channel "Flashpoint History". This channel has an outstanding series of videos on this topic.

King Afonso the 1st the conqueror, son of count Afonso, first king of Portugal did pay A LOT of gold to the papacy to get its kingdom recognized by the pope.

You can compare Gallicia to Galatia in Turkey, as both were settled by celts in antiquity. Northern Spain still holds many Celtic elements and culture, such as bagpipes!

It's fine, it is correctly pronounced Na-Ba-,RRA, three syllables always. Navarre is the anglicised/french pronunciation and spelling. So anyone is free to say it anyway they like it. Basque also receives the same Anglicised French treatment, the full term is Vasco or Vascones, same thing, different pronunciations in different languages

In case anyone's interested, not that its a big deal, but in Arabic you almost always pronounce the 'H' (opposite of Spanish). So abd al-Rahman is more said like "abbed al raH-man", gotta really say the H lol

Great presentation. However, Kingdom of Aragon narrative is incorrect and the map outline is incorrect. The Kingdom of Aragon did not rule over the region of Kingdom of Valencia or the Principality of Catalonia. In fact, the Crown of Aragon was created by a union of the House of Barcelona and the Queen of Aragon to become the Crown of Aragon. The Kingdom of Valencia was a later addition to the Crown of Aragon, as well the Kingdom of Majorca being a later addition after King Jaume I invaded the Balearic Islands. Other notable missing pieces is the creation of the Marca Hispanica by Charlemagne the Great from which Andorra as well many of Catalonia's counties of today are derived from. The Marca Hispanica, for the most northern part near the Pyrenees, is the portion of Visigothic Tarraconensis that was not fully controlled or conquered by the Moors. Approximately, the borders from Barcelona/Barcino along the Llobregat River to the Ebro River was virtually a no-man's land between Christian forces to the north and Muslim forces to the south. Eventually, under the Count of Barcelona (Wilfred the Hairy) and later counts the no-man's land of the Tarraconensis became under Catalan rule. This is why this region of Catalonia is considered Nova Catalunya versus the older Catalunya of Barcelona, Girona, and the upper stretches of Lleida provinces of today. This also includes Catalunya Nord with its ancient counties before the Treaty of the Pyrenees where Spain gave France its villages to the north (excluding Llivia, as it was considered a town) and now is a detached portion of Spain inside of France. BTW, Spain as a nation-state did not come in until the 1800s for those who want to claim that Catalonia was never a sovereign nation. Last time I checked, a principality like Andorra and Monaco are sovereign or are recognized as nations. Wales as a principality is recognized as a nation although it is highly dependent upon the United Kingdom. So arguments that Catalonia was never a sovereign nation is 100% completely false. Catalunya is a millennial nation and considered unified in c. 988 AD. Where was Spain as a country? Nowhere to be seen.

NAVERRY???

Amazing video... But it would be a whole lot better if you invested a little time into researching how to pronounce the regions of Spain. Navarre is so bad I didn't even understand what you was talking about.

Glizzy-e-yuh

You butcherd ceuta its pronouce ceu-ta (at least in portuguese) but great vid on around excelent work

👑 RIOS FAMILY 👑 DERIVED FROM THE ROYAL HOUSE of ASTURIAS and VISIGOTH KING LIUVIGILD DYNASTY. 👑

Hi Thersites, this is a good work. However you made the systematic mistake of calling Spain to the Iberian Peninsula. This mistake made your work reductinist because you missed some important points e.g. the heritage from the Muslim period is very strong in Portugal. In Portugal, every second town or village name is explicitely or etimologically connected with an Arabic denomination. Did you know the Portuguese language has way more influence of the Arabic language than the other languages still spoken in Spain? This influence is what explains the Portuguese phonetics sounding "hard" for other European people, including Castellanos. It is interesting to observe how the Portuguese Lisbon accent is similar to the Arabic speaking accent.

As yes the Count of Porgual.

Also Andalusian homosexuality was contained to the Zirids. There is no evidence of its existence past 1031. Which would explain why they decayed into taifas.

Please pronounce Navarre correctly

I applaud your excellent presentation. Much detail but not too much for a bite-sized video. (I wish you had a more Spanish pronunciation of Navarre. Also Averroes.) Spain was a critical agent in the rise of modern Europe. Previously, northern Europe had been backward, illiterate, and impoverished. Andalucia was cultured, highly literate, and relatively wealthy for the times. Huge credit goes to the Arabs and Jews. My first eye-opener was reading Washington Irving. Expelling the Moors & Jews has cos Spain dearly. Their national decline since that time has been rapid. The Christians that "won" with the reconquista were intolerant, bigoted, (and actually, their own worst enemies.) I feel like one of the miracles of history was the Ottoman role in rescuing Jews at that critical moment. If you get a Catholic education, I hope you are fortunate enough to study Thomas Aquinas. Modern scholasticism, which helped trigger the Renaissance, owes a huge debt to the Andalus, and the Jewish and Arab Aristotelians. So many words in our language, particularly related to Astronomy, Math, algebra, chemistry -- have come to us from the Arabs (and Jews) via southern Spain. Even spices. Words like cinnamon and coffee are of Arabic derivation. In Spanish, the influence of Arabic is even more profound. It was "bad luck" (the evil eye) for Spain and Portugal when they expelled the Jews. But it was good luck for the nations and kingdoms that received them -- including Turkey & the Balkans, the New World, the Netherlands. And eventually, England.

never give up, just like sancho I the fat didnt!

Hey bro. Please.make a playlist we can all appreciate. I love your content but you lack structure.

Kinda funny, whenever a Christian man and a Muslim woman have married in my experience it's more likely he's gonna convert than she will. If not him the kids are definitely raised in the mothers faith

the language would not be all that different lol its and always was a latin based language

♾ 🧬

I like History and I like these podcasts but dude ...NAVARY??!! NAVARY?!!! WTF... Please learn how to pronounce Portuguese and Spanish better. It is not that hard...

Sir must give subtitle in English

Fernando I died in 65

I'm a big fan and normally only too willing to overlook one or two dubious pronunciations in light of the wonderful quality of your content, but listening to you mispronounce 'Navarre' as brutally as you have in this video has caused my to reflect on the point at which the medium begins to undermine the message...a well-built house still needs a lick of paint.

7-11 convenience stores are named after the muslim invasion of the iberian peninsula. also, did you know that before it was called 'latin america', it was called 'ibero-america'? this change was made in the 1800s, during the revolutions.

Malaki school of Islam. www.al-islam.org/inquiries-about-shia-islam-sayyid-moustafa-al-qazwini/five-schools-islamic-thought

Tolerance? rivalry between jews (ashkenaz'im/mizrah'im/kara'im; muslim affiliates/conservators); between arabs (yemeniti/hedjazi/nahara'im/levantins; sunni/shia/fanatics), between arabs & berbers, between berber tribes (zirids, hamoudids, moravids, mohadeshi), between christians (catholocs/arians/orthodox) & all those & converted spaniards....

Na-var. It's pronounced Na-var, not Na-ver-re, Na-var.

The numerous and outlandish mispronunciations detract from the quality of the video.

Regarding the Muslim/Christian inter faith marriage laws, the official Islamic jurisprudential position on why Muslim men can marry non Muslim womem but not vice versa is because the wife is seen as in charge of moral guidance of the children. In Islamic theology, since Muhammad is the last prophet and Islam supersedes all other previous religions, there is no problem if say a Christian woman were to educate her children in Christian morality, but it would be problematic if a Muslim woman teaches her children Muslim morality. Islamic law stipulates that the husband has the final authority in family life, so if a Christian husband were to overrule a Muslim wife wanting say, her children to attend an Islamic school, this law is supposedly meant to protect the Muslim woman from being in the problematic position of having to chose between the supremacy of Islamic law which trumps Christian law, or her Christian husband.

Lmao "navery"

You pronounce Navarre wrong every time and it hurts my ears. Spanish vowels.

Navaaaaaaare goddamn it

Man you butchered my name and navarre

You have made many errors. Most importantly the Visigothic kingdom fell, because of the slaughter by the invading Muslims. The Visigoths fled to the north, but the ones that could not make it were now stuck under Muslim rule. They could NOT become citizens! The women could marry in, and become third class citizens, the lowest on the totem pole. The men could NOT. Because of this they died off fairly quick. When the Muslims invaded he Iberian peninsula they enslaved many people, and killed even more. So the ones that couldn't leave had to pay a high dhemmi/tax, and lived like slaves. They had many rules that they had to obey, punishable by death. The couldn't ride horses like Every one else. They had to wear certain clothing, and a large patch. This was humiliation. They couldn't use weapons. They couldn't even talk back. There was numerous laws, all punishable by death. This was a horrible time. But this lie we are told about a Multicultural Utopia, where every race, and religion are equal, and live happily together is nonsense! This myth started around a century ago. Then it was really pushed by a communist that left Spain under Franco, and hated Spain, and it was clear in his writings. He spread this golden age nonsense, multicultural paradise nonsense. It's actually a well documents time period. Under Muslim law the Europeans under Muslim rule could NOT become a citizen. Not the men, just women if they were married in. So they died off fast in Muslim regions. When a city was taken back during the reconquest, here would be no free Europeans/Christians, just slaves. Safety was huge in the Islamic would. Every caliphate believed in slavery. Every Muslim empire from the Umayyads, to the Ottoman empire, they all had slaves. Mainly women. In the Iberian peninsula when they took back a region, they would find harems everywhere. Some wealthy Muslims even had over a thousand women enslaved in a harem. When Granada was taken back in 1492 there were many slaves, which were freed, and taken care of. Their chains were sent to hang off a cathedral in Toledo as a reminder to never let what they went through happen again. They still hang today, 500+ years later. I've been there, and it's a horrible sight. Scary. So this myth is highly offensive to Spaniards. I've spent much time in Spain my entire life, and have read documents from the La Reconquista, the reconquest, and have studied this time period, and it was a time of constant war. There were treaties, times of peace, mostly initiated by the Spanish, and Portuguese, but over all there was fighting. Over 1000 battles fought in 781 years.

Man, you really need to work on your pronunciations. NAH-VAH-RAH. Not Navaree. And you mispelled Portugal in 25:50. Should've caught that. 27:08 And you mean, 48, right? Cause you said 84.

Wow, your pronunciation is terrible, both in Spanish and Arabic. Still, good video, decent content.

The English used the Jews to badmouth Spain....then the bugalus (southamerikans ) took the ball and ran w/it 'til today....jejeje

Did the Ottomans ever think/talk about getting involved on the Muslims behearth?

3:30 When the Arabs went to 7 eleven. I guess some things never change;)

They eventually won.. after 700 years. Looool.

Well The Mongols unintentionally saved Europe from Semitic Middle Eastern Conquest.

and i quote from this video,.."ONE of the greatest times of Christian persecution was..." seriously? lolomg some pplwow!smh

Navarre is pronounced ‘navarr’. Your mispronunciation really irritates me.

Learn some pronunciation

Extremely boring presentation

*Islam in the Middle Ages* *1)* The Muslim occupation of Spain was brutal and genocidal towards the Christians. Same thing is true for non-Muslims in the Middle East, North Africa, India, Persia, Africa and parts of Asia. *2)* If you calculate the casualties from Muslim conquest and expansion, the conservative approximation of loss of human life is in the vicinity of 250.000.000 since the 700th century, due to religious warfare, racism, massacres, genocides, prosecutions, neglect and slavery. *3)* The level of Muslims aggression towards non-Muslims is extraordinarily high. If you go through the annals of Medieval European history the aggression level, being invasions and open warfare, it is somewhere in the vicinity of 50-1.

Navar not navery