Michelson Interferometer

  Рет қаралды 483,992

TSG Physics

TSG Physics

12 жыл бұрын

In this setup, an interferometer is used to measure the wavelength of laser light. The incident beam is split into two paths, recombined, and projected on a screen. When one of the path lengths is varied, the interference pattern on the screen changes. By measuring the distance that a path length must be changed in order to achieve the original interference pattern, one can determine the wavelength of the incident light.

Пікірлер: 164
@mradulagrawal1579
@mradulagrawal1579 4 жыл бұрын
4 minte video better than 40 minute lecture of my professor
@jasonparness4042
@jasonparness4042 2 жыл бұрын
Facts af
@yeastinchampagne440
@yeastinchampagne440 2 жыл бұрын
thats why I'm here too
@M_Sarathy
@M_Sarathy Жыл бұрын
Yes Bro
@swadheenbhowal3427
@swadheenbhowal3427 5 ай бұрын
Frrrr
@janeh.6991
@janeh.6991 11 жыл бұрын
This is really helpful for someone who has never seen the michelson interferometer! Thank you very much!
@tintenkiller6437
@tintenkiller6437 7 жыл бұрын
very nice video! I was wondering how the "counting and calculating" works this explained it pretty well to me! Thank you!
@hoofheartedicemelted296
@hoofheartedicemelted296 2 жыл бұрын
You guys are so lucky to have an optics lab. Here in Ireland we have nothing yet. By the time they bring this knowledge to our locale I'll be kicking up the daisies. Regardless, thanks for the demonstration guys.
@almablomback3503
@almablomback3503 4 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for this demonstration!!!! This helpt me and my lab partner very much in our upcoming optics lab where we are measuring the refractive index of air!
@NovaWarrior77
@NovaWarrior77 3 жыл бұрын
DO I KNOW YOU???!!!!
@anshumanpanigrahi7323
@anshumanpanigrahi7323 2 жыл бұрын
😂
@iliTheFallen
@iliTheFallen 8 жыл бұрын
Could not be better than this!!!
@chandramohankumar8965
@chandramohankumar8965 8 жыл бұрын
Acha sir
@rajebahmed8404
@rajebahmed8404 Жыл бұрын
Thank you sir. I am a university student but you're explaining this amazingly ,you have my respect.
@user-gs9qx6lu1w
@user-gs9qx6lu1w 4 ай бұрын
why university student here? uni mein bhi ye sab parhna prta ha kiya
@gauravjoshi2909
@gauravjoshi2909 5 жыл бұрын
Wow so short, simple and to the point, great video.
@yaweihe5723
@yaweihe5723 8 жыл бұрын
thanks very much for this demo.
@forwardmyanmarinstitute6451
@forwardmyanmarinstitute6451 2 жыл бұрын
Very nice animation with easy-to-understand description and presentation
@CrushOfSiel
@CrushOfSiel 7 жыл бұрын
AHHHHH ok ok, I now see why moving the mirror 1/2 a wavelength causes the waves to cycle an entire period of interference. I didn't have a picture to look at before so I was so confused. It is so obvious with a good diagram! Thanks!
@randomfun4548
@randomfun4548 4 жыл бұрын
Simply wonderful. Just splendid. keep up the super hard work
@alezzi_mm
@alezzi_mm 9 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much. Now I can make sense of light interference.
@chandramohankumar8965
@chandramohankumar8965 8 жыл бұрын
jyada na bol
@Aimen-079
@Aimen-079 2 жыл бұрын
I’m a visual learner, this helped alot, thanks!
@GagandeepSingh-ni4sx
@GagandeepSingh-ni4sx 7 жыл бұрын
Amazing video! Really helped me learning.
@afisicadetudo
@afisicadetudo Жыл бұрын
Man, you just saved my lab day! Thanks
@zikermu
@zikermu 6 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much for your video .This is very educational and clear as light , of course :)
@petar807
@petar807 3 жыл бұрын
This video is great. Thank you for the upload
@fredrickbaker6538
@fredrickbaker6538 7 жыл бұрын
Awesome video, thanks guys!
@hossainahd
@hossainahd 2 жыл бұрын
Many many thanks. It clears my confusion. Good wishes
@johnmey129
@johnmey129 5 жыл бұрын
Really concise explanation, thanks!
@cmduartes
@cmduartes 7 жыл бұрын
Great video! thank you very much.
@Jeshua1737
@Jeshua1737 Ай бұрын
Beautiful effect Wave Indicates Light's Medium
@romanjmenome9763
@romanjmenome9763 3 жыл бұрын
Very nicely explained! Thanks a lot
@lowroar5127
@lowroar5127 8 жыл бұрын
Excelent explanation, thanks!
@msaffaripourgmail
@msaffaripourgmail 8 жыл бұрын
Is the component on the left side of the interferometer, between the laser and beamsplitter, a diffuser? Could we see the circular fringes with a collimated light beam?
@heidyalfonso6396
@heidyalfonso6396 4 жыл бұрын
Excelente, muy bien ilustrado.
@noorfalak6341
@noorfalak6341 3 жыл бұрын
Wah bhi wah..... great...keep it up
@vahagnmelikyan2906
@vahagnmelikyan2906 9 жыл бұрын
hat result will you have on that red and black circles (sorry don't know the name) if the light beams returned and hit the splitter without recombining in the same spot, but hitting different part on the splitter?
@vahagnmelikyan2906
@vahagnmelikyan2906 9 жыл бұрын
If you can can you demonstrate the same animation of light moving when the whole thing is turning?
@alexandgarciacalle
@alexandgarciacalle 5 жыл бұрын
Best video on this subject.
@marcusjames3109
@marcusjames3109 3 жыл бұрын
Hello just need some help. How does changing of medium affects the changes of fringe in Michelson interferometer? Like changing the color of laser light.
@1234ToddgMr
@1234ToddgMr 10 жыл бұрын
Please adjust d1 and d2 so the distances go through the equal point several times. Note how the fringes behave during this passage.
@govindkushwaha6345
@govindkushwaha6345 9 ай бұрын
I tried to create this setup in the lab, but I am getting straight parallel fringes instead of circular fringes.
@HDsharp
@HDsharp 8 жыл бұрын
Can a laser beam interfere with another laser beam if they meet head on? or at an adjacent angle?
@Columbian89
@Columbian89 8 жыл бұрын
Cruicial for my Waves and Optics exam! Thanks
@loicmiara3969
@loicmiara3969 4 жыл бұрын
same xd
@deepdarkmidnight
@deepdarkmidnight 5 жыл бұрын
What's the object between the laser source and the beamsplitter?
@Teyrxq8
@Teyrxq8 4 жыл бұрын
how can I use the same apparatus and formula the find the distance?
@omarlucianovinales1125
@omarlucianovinales1125 Жыл бұрын
very well explained and educational
@bluefire6470
@bluefire6470 3 ай бұрын
What causes the shape to be like that instead of just a dot?
@joestute6434
@joestute6434 15 күн бұрын
There is something between the laser and the beam splitter. Why did you not identify it?
@laibanoor9456
@laibanoor9456 4 жыл бұрын
Wouch this is just too good😍
@trevor062
@trevor062 2 жыл бұрын
Great video. But where does d indicate? Which distance is d?
@josephtraverso2700
@josephtraverso2700 Жыл бұрын
Outstanding video
@amantiwari7084
@amantiwari7084 6 ай бұрын
Good explanation 👍👍👍
@hummingbird2520
@hummingbird2520 2 жыл бұрын
How we can recover wavelengths from different from interferogram
@willersnail
@willersnail 11 жыл бұрын
Great explanation thanks
@0s4do
@0s4do 3 жыл бұрын
Wow! From minute 1:36 We can detect the "eather wind" on the mirror or the mirror motion respect to the medium. A change of distance make changes on interference fringes, not an hypothetical eather wind. So We don't detect earth's motion respect the médium, because there's no earth's motion. So the earth is MOTIONLESS.
@1234ToddgMr
@1234ToddgMr 3 жыл бұрын
Something weird happens when it passes through the d1 = d2 point. The light will blackout and the micrometer movement becomes less effective in moving the fringes. His experiment does not show passing through the equal point.
@donfarlan214
@donfarlan214 8 жыл бұрын
interferometer sounds really 19th century so futuristic oooooh
@leonhardeuler8457
@leonhardeuler8457 Ай бұрын
this was excellent
@irsyansani6866
@irsyansani6866 5 жыл бұрын
thanks for this video!!!
@okatutaku1994
@okatutaku1994 5 жыл бұрын
is the distance increased or decreased?
@chetnayoheshwar8238
@chetnayoheshwar8238 6 жыл бұрын
sir how to determine the thickness of the mica sheet using a michelson inferometer plz sir do reply its urgent...
@PureSarrows
@PureSarrows 11 жыл бұрын
You may have taken for granted the knowledge that light travels in waves, because you have grown up with it. This experiment proves by observation that light does travel in waves and it is possible to measure the velocity (direction and speed) of those waves. The change in scientific thought when this experiment was first studied required many concepts that can't be observed, such as the vague and "far out" concepts of ether, waves and interference.
@giacomocervelli1945
@giacomocervelli1945 10 ай бұрын
isnt this experiment 80 years older than young's? if youre still here
@ernstuzhansky
@ernstuzhansky Жыл бұрын
Many thanks!
@chetnayoheshwar8238
@chetnayoheshwar8238 6 жыл бұрын
she how to determine the thickness of the kids sheet using a michelson inferometer plz sir do reply its urgent...
@Cem-dt6oi
@Cem-dt6oi 4 жыл бұрын
Very inspiring to young scientist
@chetnayoheshwar8238
@chetnayoheshwar8238 6 жыл бұрын
sir how to determine the thickness of the kids sheet using a michelson inferometer plz sir do reply its urgent...
@freelooc1
@freelooc1 5 жыл бұрын
thanks for sharing.
@augustinaghiorghioaie3039
@augustinaghiorghioaie3039 9 жыл бұрын
If the laser beam light can be split in faze and antifaze path and destroed at recombination, where is disapearing the fotons energy. Can be the conservation of energy low broken by interferometery. Please, I need a qualified explanation.
@miguelnyberg2684
@miguelnyberg2684 6 жыл бұрын
All the energy that "should" be manifested in the dark fringes is shifted into the light fringes where you have constructive interference, these fringes have double the energy they "should" have
@hintzofcolorconcepts
@hintzofcolorconcepts 6 жыл бұрын
but there aren't light and dark fringes on a polarized coherent beam when all the photons perfectly cancel each other out through interferometry.
@gauravjoshi2909
@gauravjoshi2909 5 жыл бұрын
Conservation of energy cannot be violated the enegies get redistributed And if taking at the junction of splitting by the lense some energy gets converted into heat(i guess)
@erenyager2954
@erenyager2954 6 жыл бұрын
hw does pattern look like that.. beams coming from both mirrors should have constant path difference for entire beam so for a perticular time interval there shall be compleate light or dark pattern
@MotherlyPhoenix
@MotherlyPhoenix 3 жыл бұрын
I came here hoping to find an explanation to your exact question. No one explains why the pattern occurs like it does, just that there is an interference pattern. I want to know what is causing the pattern. My assumption is transverse phase variance, but I'd like some confirmation.
@thisisasra7677
@thisisasra7677 Ай бұрын
idk if you still want to know? I have some answers for you.
@oxtoolco
@oxtoolco 7 жыл бұрын
That sure looks like an inch division micrometer (1:24) at .025 inches per rev. What you are calling 6.5 microns (1:58) would appear to be .0065 inches. Metric micrometers are graduated 50 divisions and 1/2 mm per rev. So either your movement of the mirror is not linear or there is some funny business going on here. Please explain the adjustable mirror setup in more detail if you can. Does the back of the case come off to see the mechanism? Regards, Tom
@mariammansoor8891
@mariammansoor8891 6 жыл бұрын
Woah... Can you write it simply...thanks😅
@shyamiyer1789
@shyamiyer1789 3 жыл бұрын
That is certainly an inch division micrometer, although it seems to me that they have converted units here. Additionally there is definitely some zero error on the apparatus as can be seen when they start counting the cycles.
@dreamdiction
@dreamdiction 3 жыл бұрын
Did he cycle through twenty interference pattern changes as part of the units conversion ?
@forestfishburne7900
@forestfishburne7900 2 жыл бұрын
He definitely measured .0750” to .0815”, multiplied by 2(half wavelength), and then divided by 20 to get 0.65 microns(red). MIT education ain’t what it used to be. Maybe use some of that tuition money to buy digital micrometers.
@260830107
@260830107 3 жыл бұрын
why are there rings? shouldn't it just be 1 laser dot that gets brighter and dimmer as it interferes with it self?
@safaltagupta9364
@safaltagupta9364 16 күн бұрын
That is interference taking place it's a phenomenon where two coherent light sources having a constant phase difference or they can be in same phase either, superpose and this pattern is obtained in case of Newton's Ring Experiment, Michelson Interferometer etc these are obtained as rings while in Young's Double Slit Experiment these appears as fringes or bands
@r2alanis674
@r2alanis674 4 жыл бұрын
amazing! thanks
@Dr_Asma_physio
@Dr_Asma_physio 6 жыл бұрын
Very good
@saadibnasaadhusain
@saadibnasaadhusain 9 жыл бұрын
Great demo but you left out the most important part - rotating the whole apparatus to demonstrate that there are no fringe shifts and hence the speed of light is constant.
@BlueCosmology
@BlueCosmology 9 жыл бұрын
sa'ad ibn Asaad Husain That certainly isn't the most important part. Michelson interferometers have been, and still are, used for a huge number of applications. That used to be a hugely important part of michelson interferometers, it no longer is as much better ways of measuring the speed of light are possible. Whereas there are still hugely important applications of Michelson's.
@chandramohankumar8965
@chandramohankumar8965 8 жыл бұрын
Apka bhut bhut dhanyavad
@neto7061
@neto7061 11 жыл бұрын
Gostei, daí sairá meus estudos...
@ValentinBogatu
@ValentinBogatu 3 жыл бұрын
Thank you Sir :)
@apoorvpotnis
@apoorvpotnis 3 ай бұрын
I really wish Haidinger fringes were explained in this video; otherwise it is not at all obvious why do we get a circular interference pattern.
@jesscorbin5981
@jesscorbin5981 3 жыл бұрын
Why have I seen this same output, with my eyes closed?
@rubina4578
@rubina4578 Жыл бұрын
Mashallah thank u 😍🌸🌸
@onkarbhujange8321
@onkarbhujange8321 7 жыл бұрын
Really usefull video
@ountalaga
@ountalaga 8 жыл бұрын
when counting the fringes, how did you know when to stop? the last 8 looked pretty much the same
@tString42
@tString42 8 жыл бұрын
+ountalaga Enough to have the micrometer dial move enough to take down a measurement. If you only count 3 fringes, the micrometer may look like it barely moved. This video did it for 20 fringes, but I've seen as much as counting 100 fringes.
@maanceto2
@maanceto2 8 жыл бұрын
In our laboratory we had to count 500! It was painful :p Some folks managed to count 1500!
@syedfayazahmed009
@syedfayazahmed009 6 жыл бұрын
thank you
@monado5698
@monado5698 6 ай бұрын
Nice video but I don't see the middle "new" fringe you talk about
@hintzofcolorconcepts
@hintzofcolorconcepts 6 жыл бұрын
But where does the energy go when photons cause destructive interference? if a coherent polarized beam is split in half and perfectly combined with it's self 180 degrees out of phase, the light would no longer be visible, so where would the energy have gone to?
@TheShaolinShen
@TheShaolinShen 5 жыл бұрын
When you expect destructive interference at the viewing screen then you expect a constructively interfering wave being directed back at the source. There is no issue with energy conservation when you account for the fact that some light is being directed at the screen and some sent back to the source.
@vahagnmelikyan2906
@vahagnmelikyan2906 9 жыл бұрын
I think the phase will not change. Because assuming it was passing through the ether as a result the mirror is moving(relatively to ether), so the light is changing it's phase because it has to travel longer distance, but after hitting the mirror and moving towards splitter again we should concider that the splitter is also moving towards the light(entire apparatus is moving relative to ether). As a result the light will turn back to its same phaseas it was before when it hits the splitter again, because now the splitter is moving towards the light and light will travel less distance. But i think the lights will not combine in the same place on the splitter, if ether was moving...
@fahad_hassan_92
@fahad_hassan_92 Жыл бұрын
Ether does not exist
@PureSarrows
@PureSarrows 11 жыл бұрын
These Ideas consequently lead to the theory of relativity, because the speed of light measured on one planet was different when measured on earth, hence light is relative to the objects moving around it. Basically, before this experiment challenged common sense, science was considered to be observable. Someone correct me if I got it wrong.
@mariammansoor8891
@mariammansoor8891 6 жыл бұрын
PureSarrows objects move relative to light.....light is not relative to objects
@yuqitang3293
@yuqitang3293 6 жыл бұрын
think you very much for the so compeltely theory!
@ltdestiny970
@ltdestiny970 5 жыл бұрын
pretty cool, disappointed that it's in an MIT lab and yet there is no sound lol
@thant.chosenthetakenking7257
@thant.chosenthetakenking7257 4 жыл бұрын
Why is the distance 1/2 wavelength? Isn't one peak to next peak suppose to be a whole wavelength??
@timetraveler5128
@timetraveler5128 2 жыл бұрын
The path taken by the ray is twice the distance between the mirror and the beam splitter. So, if you move by 1/2 wavelength, then there will be a 1 wavelength phase shift.
@sufiyanara9344
@sufiyanara9344 6 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@fabiancamilosalgadoroa2157
@fabiancamilosalgadoroa2157 11 жыл бұрын
very useful
@nurohmat1095
@nurohmat1095 5 жыл бұрын
thanks Sir, really helpful for me
@nawalmc
@nawalmc 7 ай бұрын
Great!
@Rishu071
@Rishu071 9 жыл бұрын
great explained ..thankss
@russhook6595
@russhook6595 8 жыл бұрын
+RISHU SINGH YABBA DABBA DEW!
@chandramohankumar8965
@chandramohankumar8965 8 жыл бұрын
Chal be
@vahagnmelikyan2906
@vahagnmelikyan2906 9 жыл бұрын
What will happen if it was moving horizontally to the surface of earth?
@chandramohankumar8965
@chandramohankumar8965 8 жыл бұрын
Chal bs
@jelteduchene7845
@jelteduchene7845 6 жыл бұрын
Wavelenght/4
@nanokhan6404
@nanokhan6404 3 жыл бұрын
Great
@sagarpandey3365
@sagarpandey3365 12 жыл бұрын
good
@mrameez3110
@mrameez3110 3 жыл бұрын
AWESOM DISCRIPTIVE STYLE
@mohammadrezahashemi4240
@mohammadrezahashemi4240 7 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@johnnym6700
@johnnym6700 5 жыл бұрын
TSG Physics When you measure d the measurement will shrink due to relativity/Lorentz/Michelson & Morley and also distance is measured in meters and 1 meter = distance light travels in 1/speed of light seconds. How can you measure the speed of light using the speed of light?
@jannis9673
@jannis9673 3 жыл бұрын
Ich grüße meine Mitschüler aus dem Physikkurs!
@ghizlanekourkouz4224
@ghizlanekourkouz4224 9 жыл бұрын
i know that lamda is the wavelenght and N number of fringes . by what's D ??
@TheSpaceLeaf
@TheSpaceLeaf 9 жыл бұрын
D is the distance the mirror moved. In this case it was 6.5 microns or 6.5 micrometers.
@ghizlanekourkouz4224
@ghizlanekourkouz4224 9 жыл бұрын
ok,thank you
@sonalsingh7992
@sonalsingh7992 Жыл бұрын
Fabry Perot interferometer ka dalo n please
@sujeetGchauhan
@sujeetGchauhan 2 жыл бұрын
Please Reupload this video with voice
@RTVFX7oD
@RTVFX7oD 11 жыл бұрын
His 1881 apparatus demonstrated the feasibility of the what would become the 1887 Michelson-Morley Experiment - the experiment showed the aether model was wrong leading to explanation by Lorentz transformation so this is just 1 step away from the breakthroughs of early 20th century science E=mc^2, atomic energy. Also Global positioning satellite systems are only possible because of the understanding theories (length contraction & time dilation) due to relativity.
@LeftHandedGuyPlays
@LeftHandedGuyPlays 3 жыл бұрын
no it is not due to relativity: look a person named Robert R. Hatch he has multiple GPS parents and he consults other on how to do their GPS, this person wrote a book called Escape From Einstein and you can find his PDF GPS Refutes Relativity
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