Nicely describes the mechanisms of Type IV hypersensitivity using animations and also gives examples of Type IV hypersensitivity. Enjoy!
Пікірлер: 64
@devinyoung5735 Жыл бұрын
quick teach back for my own benefit: some antigens can induce a type IV hypersensitivity when it is cell mediated. Other hypersensitivites are much quicker because they are antibody mediated, but here, it takes time for the new antigen to cause the reaction. First the antigen arrives, dendritic cells phagocytose it and present it on an MHC II and present it to CD4 cells. Once the TCR binds the MHC II, the CD4 cell has to differentiate and because the dendritic cell released IL-12, its like, I think I'll become a TH1 cell. So TH1 cells release IFN-g to bring more macrophages to the site so that they can respond to the antigen. This causes a localized immune response that can be damaging to host tissue, causing the type IV hypersensitivity that we experience as patients.
@devinyoung5735 Жыл бұрын
Well it's 2 months later and I forgot this topic. So I've returned to finish the job. You're often trying to determine whether it's a type 1 hypersensitivity or a type 2. And it seems that the biggest distinguishing factor is which type of t helper cell is induced. In type 1, TH2s predominate and in type 2, TH1s predominate.
@kinglord92135 ай бұрын
@@devinyoung5735 incorrect, type 2 hyper sensitivity doesn’t have a predominant th cell.
@abdullaaldawaishan31655 жыл бұрын
I've looked at so many videos regarding this topic and yours is by far the absolute best god bless you where've you been all this time my guy
@physiopathopharmaco41905 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the kind comments
@156d55 жыл бұрын
Please make more videos. I love the way you teach. Of all the videos I watch, yours is the most excellent of all. I learned a lot and finally understand the concept. I love the exam at the end of the video. Thank you. Keep it up. You have the talent. You are awesome.
@physiopathopharmaco41905 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the generous comment- all the best to you
@ThatsWhy-2 жыл бұрын
Bravo 👏👏 very unique quality of knowledge you present ! I salute you very much 👏👏👏
@komalfatima27015 жыл бұрын
That's now a relief ..I understood all four hypersensitivity reactions because of our wonderfully summarized content.... Thanks for it... Thank you very much..😊
@physiopathopharmaco41905 жыл бұрын
You’re welcome I’m glad it was helpful
@ParallaxView1117 ай бұрын
It would be good to mention metals under the Type IV sensitivity. Up to 20% of the population has a Type IV nickel sensitivity. People can also be sensitive to cobalt, gold, and even titanium. I suspect a Type IV sensitivity may be involved with Hashimoto's. I only ever lost thyroid function while taking iodine.
@mustajabalam37945 жыл бұрын
Greatly explained ....very simple and conceptual .....Plz have more videos on autoimmune disorders
@Rebecca-zn8cz5 жыл бұрын
The analogy made me smile, esp the “you are brave” part. I wont have gotten a rash for sure😂 good job presenting the info.
@physiopathopharmaco41905 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much. Glad you liked that joke attempt
@user-bj4it2mn2v3 ай бұрын
What amazing explanation ❤️ That was short and so helpful
@user-zi4ly8xf6p3 жыл бұрын
so simple so beautifull .. a big thank youu
@mayarayman2990 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for the wonderful explanation 😊👏
@chiaramariablando8235 Жыл бұрын
Perfect video! Thank you so much! I have some questions. So does this mean that in the tuberculosis mycobacteria infection, we have T cells that activate at the lung level after 48 hours at the most? And then we have the manifestation of the disease? Moreover, in these hypersensitivity reactions there is always a need for a first sensitization? Is contact hypersensitivity also delayed?
@ranan26829 ай бұрын
how amazing this video perfect 🤩🤩
@alizay15626 күн бұрын
Ohhh i wish i could give u more likes , i was going insane watching different videos on hypersensitivity u explained very well tysmmmm❤
@physiopathopharmaco419025 күн бұрын
Wow, thank you!
@smritijaiswal56063 жыл бұрын
u r just amazing
@kikibear12146 Жыл бұрын
Great video!!!!
@ammaralado5930 Жыл бұрын
wonderful presentation, but in the discussion the fas ligan was attached to the target cell , the fas receptor on the cd8 is this the case, thanks
@rezhinsalih38264 жыл бұрын
thank you ,it is absolutely useful❤
@physiopathopharmaco41904 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful, thanks 😊
@Starr242 жыл бұрын
so helpful , thank u
@user-hc5ms8qq6k13 күн бұрын
WONDERFULLY EXPLAINED ❤🎉
@physiopathopharmaco419012 күн бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
@HANANIASIDDIK Жыл бұрын
can i know the book you used as a reference? your vid is absolutely amazing i'm lovin it
@fathinomanalsofiany52862 жыл бұрын
Thank you love your way
@ArxCar2 ай бұрын
Amazing
@jackeline1553 ай бұрын
I loved it😄😍
@simkesims63455 жыл бұрын
Great video! I have some questions tho: 1. Why are B cells excluded from this type of response? I mean, is there like a genetic predisposition for certain reaction to only happen in t or b cells when it comes to hypersensitivity... I ask that because I am confused since a protein could also (at least I think so, correct me if I'm wrong), activate B cell response if found in circulation? Like superantigene for example? 2. Also, just non related to this topic basic immunology question: I was tought that CD4+ cells when are presented with peptide carried by APC(in T cell dependent B cell response) differentiate into CD4+ T helper cells that later on help B cells proliferate more strongly. My confusion is, what signals them to differentiate into those T helper cells, how do they "know" that B cells are over there, crying out loud, begging for decent proliferation? :)
@chintandoshi27853 жыл бұрын
The type of reaction an antigen will stimulate solely depends on the antigen itself.... There are different kinds of phagocytic receptors on APC .. depending on which receptor is activated and internalised during phagocytosis by APC , there will be production of different cytokines from the APC..depending upon cytokines.. there will be recruitement of neutrophils(as seen in extracellular bacteria infections) or lymphocytes( seen in chronic inflammation , helminth infection) .. plus the cytokines released by APC also help in maturation of cd4 t helper cells into different subtypes.. these subtypes are specific in there function..For eg, one subtype will mediate activation of cd8 t cells(therefore used in cytotoxic cell mediated immunity)and another subtype of cd4 activated t cell will stimulate B cell to undergo class switching( to release IgE ab as against helminth infection
@dr.noir274 жыл бұрын
i know my comment is not relevant to this video but please make one for systematic lupus erythematous pathogenesis
@lillee82774 жыл бұрын
Helpful
@voroude15 жыл бұрын
best explanation ;)
@physiopathopharmaco41905 жыл бұрын
Thanks 🙏
@jacobmapipi57022 ай бұрын
very simplified
@moqaddasbashir40344 жыл бұрын
Very informative video
@physiopathopharmaco41904 жыл бұрын
So nice of you
@user-ot6fe7dk9p2 ай бұрын
Wow thank you so much 🙏
@physiopathopharmaco41902 ай бұрын
Kamsamnida
@user-ot6fe7dk9p2 ай бұрын
@@physiopathopharmaco4190 😁🙏💓
@kinzasajjad1148 Жыл бұрын
Thank youuu
@gaurabshakya9129 Жыл бұрын
Does this type of reaction affects kidney function ?
@aadilhussain34015 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@crystalss83545 жыл бұрын
best video everrrr♥️♥️♥️♥️
@physiopathopharmaco41905 жыл бұрын
Awesome 👏 Thanks Crystal!!!
@crystalss83545 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your efforts; keep going 🔥🔥
@iliyinsaid47856 ай бұрын
hi. your videos are very educative. thank you. please share your references.
@MalikSultan-uf1hx4 жыл бұрын
nice
@mahdipachachi52594 жыл бұрын
👍🏼👍🏼
@melissamilly4 жыл бұрын
1)- a-c 2)- a-d 3)- c 4)- b
@fst19244 жыл бұрын
why?
@blueberry9517 Жыл бұрын
I LOVE U
@nystagmus4 жыл бұрын
This is great But i thought B cells sometimes can also be APCs
@physiopathopharmaco41904 жыл бұрын
They can, but Type IV doesn't involve antibodies
@dreams90714 жыл бұрын
Firstly,I thank you for your great effort 💟 Your Qs are very smart 💪❤ So,I'd like to guide me to a link containing large numbers of Qs like yours, plZz ✨❤ As I have an exam on coming tuesday😥 & our Dr likes such these Qs 😰 So could you help me PLZz?! 🙈 following you from EGYPT❤