Understanding Generalized Linear Models (Logistic, Poisson, etc.)

  Рет қаралды 101,747

Quant Psych

Quant Psych

Күн бұрын

Do you want to take a class with me? Visit simplistics.net to register for a class. You can either do "live" classes, where you'll learn from me directly via zoom. Or you can register for "self-guided" courses, complete with a schedule, discussion boards, quizzes, readings, etc.
See my original video on GLMS here: • Become a generalized l...
Probability density functions: • Probability, Part 3: P...
Poisson does mean fish, but the distribution was named after a mathematician: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson...
Nested versus non-nested models: • Model Comparisons in R
Learning Objectives:
#1.Understand when to use GLMS
#2. Know the three components of a GLM
#3. Difference between transformation and a link function
#4. Know when to use logistic, poisson, gamma, etc.
This video is part of my multivariate playlist: • Multivariate Statistics
And here's a paper I wrote about my eight step approach to data analysis: psyarxiv.com/r8g7c/
Undergraduate curriculum playlist (GLM-based approach): kzfaq.info?list...
Graduate curriculum playlist (also GLM-based approach): kzfaq.info?list...
Exonerating EDA paper: psyarxiv.com/5vfq6/
Download JASP (and visual modeling module): www.jasp-stat.org

Пікірлер: 156
@NicholasRenotte
@NicholasRenotte Жыл бұрын
That introduction though 😂 I have never seen someone so excited to be asked about GLMs.
@jakobudovic
@jakobudovic 3 ай бұрын
i wish every professor was like you. how you kept my attention was amazing.
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 3 ай бұрын
Thanks! 😃
@PortugueseAfrican
@PortugueseAfrican 2 жыл бұрын
I've encountered GLMs for years, this was the best explanation I've ever seen. Well done and thank you for your service! 👏🙇‍♂️
@pythoninoffice6568
@pythoninoffice6568 2 жыл бұрын
I spent hours and hours trying to understand GLM from text books and still came out confused. Your 20 mins video cleared everything up. THANK YOU!
@jackskellington4443
@jackskellington4443 2 жыл бұрын
I'm an actuary and we work with GLMs every day! Great explanation.
@TheNeocalif
@TheNeocalif 3 жыл бұрын
You are a fabulous professor, ur students are lucky
@chiawenkuo
@chiawenkuo 3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the brief but clear explanation about different "distributions".
@zehuiliu8150
@zehuiliu8150 2 жыл бұрын
You are awesome. It takes only a few minutes to let me understand why GLM is so important. Love your lecture.
@yolojourney2961
@yolojourney2961 2 жыл бұрын
You are so good at keeping up attention, which i think is so important for people teaching! Keep up the good work!
@dataman6744
@dataman6744 2 жыл бұрын
Seriously good, you are demystifying many issues I have struggled to understand
@icemanrocks
@icemanrocks 10 ай бұрын
This is the best video I have ever watched on the Internet. Thank you so much for sharing your insights with the research community. God bless you, sir!!!
@emilioalfaro4365
@emilioalfaro4365 Жыл бұрын
Amazing video, just understood GLM's, of course after not understanding with books and web pages. I was assigned to teach this topic in class and you just saved the day. Thank you Dustin!
@jeanpompeo2095
@jeanpompeo2095 2 ай бұрын
Honestly, thank you so much for this explanation!! It's super super helpful to have someone actually explain the different types of glm's in a easy to understand way. I had not idea what they were nor when to use them, and now I don't have to keep bashing my head against a wall trying to understand the world of statistics :)
@janak5147
@janak5147 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, I loved this, I was smiling during the whole video and - most importantly - understood what generalized linear models are about!
@TheProblembaer2
@TheProblembaer2 2 жыл бұрын
It’s so much fun and informative to listen to you. And you were are talking about general linear models.
@user-rs7ue9ec5f
@user-rs7ue9ec5f 11 ай бұрын
Your value is more than your appearance You are amazing. Thanks for rapping me to the point of the truth regarding GLM
@keerthanavivin450
@keerthanavivin450 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for these videos! You're an amazing teacher.
@ProjectNomad
@ProjectNomad 5 ай бұрын
You are great! And I love music in the background, gives a crazy feeling which eases up information for some reason.
@entranceinvestigation1242
@entranceinvestigation1242 5 ай бұрын
Great explanation on the GLMs. It gave me some new insights for sure. May you keep growing! Thanks for the video. I guess I'm gonna land at your channel quite often :)
@ahmadbakraa2524
@ahmadbakraa2524 2 жыл бұрын
Your work is appreciated, Thank you very much!!
@tomaswust3505
@tomaswust3505 Ай бұрын
Extremely helpful video ! Thank you for your clear explanations
@indrafirmansyah4299
@indrafirmansyah4299 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the video! The explanation is clear.
@alexfranciosi9579
@alexfranciosi9579 3 жыл бұрын
Honestly the best content on KZfaq
@dataman6744
@dataman6744 2 жыл бұрын
this is true!!
@normandaurelle814
@normandaurelle814 3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your work, your videos are great. :)
@galacticnose
@galacticnose 2 жыл бұрын
This is the most helpful video I've ever found
@ericpenarium
@ericpenarium Жыл бұрын
why am I just NOW finding you. love the style! <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="140">2:20</a> is my style.
@monygham1344
@monygham1344 4 ай бұрын
Great explanation, it put so many things I had in mind in the right order. Sub. Thank you!
@clarabuchholtz6707
@clarabuchholtz6707 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for your videos- I'm so grateful for the explanations, and feel they've been clarifying sticking points for me left and right! Question: A sticking point I'm still struggling through is the relationship between the shape of your data, the shape of your residuals, and what this means for your choices in building a GLM. 1- You mention that if your data isn't normal, you should use a GLM. If it's the residuals that really matter here, is that because if your data isn't normal your residuals are likely also not normal? 2. following up on the above- if your data are not normal, but your residuals are normal- does that mean you can just proceed with the model you've got as is? Or might you still run into problems? 3. Are normal residuals a sign of you having a decent model fit? So if they aren't normal, this is a sign you should use a GLM...for a better fit? And when having done so...do your residuals hopefully become normal as a result? In other words- does a GLM "fix" your model to give you normal residuals -or- does a GLM handle non-normal residuals such that it gives accurate estimates of for e.g. "95% confidence" for a non-normal distribution that fits your residuals? Hope those questions even make sense, and thank you so much again!!! I teach and know how much work it takes to put together things like this and answer so many questions- grateful for your time!
@bchaitu
@bchaitu 2 жыл бұрын
Alright, let me comment on your video! The moment I started the video, the first few seconds I thought I wouldn't be able to make it to the end of the video, may be because the way you spoke (its not your problem, but mine. I am little too sensitive and can't bear loud noise. My sincere apology for writing this) BUT, after a minute, my brain started enjoying it because of the simplicity in your explanation, your deep knowledge of the subject and your power to connect with your students (people watching this video). I am so grateful to you 🙏😊 (subscribed, clicked on the bell icon, and going to be regular visitor to your channel 😄)
@Mspersadr
@Mspersadr 2 жыл бұрын
Great video, thank you!!! Could I ask please - what would you choose for dependent variables that are measured using a Likert scale with 5 levels? Would that be ordered logistic (for ordinal variables)? Thank you!!
@milenaoliveira2626
@milenaoliveira2626 2 жыл бұрын
Amazing hahaha it helped me more than I expected. Thanks
@anurudhyak2904
@anurudhyak2904 Жыл бұрын
Thank you very much for the vide. It's very helpful. However I have few questions. 1. How do I find out if my data follows gaussian or gamma? I did Shapiro Wilk test to check for normality and it is not normal. But I am not sure if they follow gamma distribution. 2. How does the prediction change based on the family and link function? Suppose I have the same gamma distribution but have different link functions, how will it affect the model fitness? Or rather how can I choose the link function? 3. Is there any method to check the goodness of fit?
@jekamito
@jekamito Жыл бұрын
your videos are brilliant, thank you so much
@jsc0625
@jsc0625 6 ай бұрын
This was so great, thanks!!
@haidar2636
@haidar2636 2 жыл бұрын
amazing vid, thank you so much, subscribed
@vicentemaass4810
@vicentemaass4810 Жыл бұрын
Very clearly explained!! Thank you sir
@ChrisHardy-xj1br
@ChrisHardy-xj1br Жыл бұрын
I'm trying to understand parameter estimates in the generalized linear model output from SPSS. For example, if I have a categorical predictor with levels A, B, and C and level A has an estimate of 0.50 and level B has an estimate of 1.2, and C is the reference category so its estimate is 0, how do I interpret the impact of A, B and C on the outcome variable? Does level A have half the impact of C, and B has 1.2 times the impact of C? Or is it better to just use indicators for A, B and C?
@alexhan3390
@alexhan3390 Жыл бұрын
this was amazing! thank you :)
@rohanchess8332
@rohanchess8332 9 ай бұрын
This is was very nice, had a nice laugh but very educational too, lmao
@mikhaeldito
@mikhaeldito 3 жыл бұрын
Great video! May I suggest that a short blog post to summarise this content will be very helpful as well!
@kossonouprunelle7576
@kossonouprunelle7576 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your presentation. Please in the case we use ordinal logit , should we report pearson correlation and omnibus test value? if it is the case, how to interpret them (for exemple, under or above p value, what it is the meaning). Also shoud we consider the sig level from the table 'Test of model effect' or 'Parameter Estimates' table to say that a relationship between the predictor and outcome variable is significant. I am really looking for ways to interpret, your answer will really help me. thanks.
@sanamtavakkoli3673
@sanamtavakkoli3673 2 жыл бұрын
Is is normal that we convert a countinous variable to a count variable and then use GLm for that? My dependent variable is "time spent fast walking" in minutes and it is not normal. The statistician told me to remove decimals and consider it it as a count variable. Is this approach correct?
@adammickiewicz7818
@adammickiewicz7818 Жыл бұрын
You're a legend, thanks a lot
@gabrielbrandao9857
@gabrielbrandao9857 Ай бұрын
Guy! You're amazing. Good job!
@galenseilis5971
@galenseilis5971 4 ай бұрын
The negative binomial distribution is obtained by the compound distribution of a Poisson distribution with Gamma-distributed inter-arrival times. It generalizes the Poisson distribution to have over-dispersion (i.e. the mean being less than the variance). The negative binomial cannot give underdispersion where the variance is less than the mean, but this can be achieved using the generalized Poisson distribution.
@sheeta2726
@sheeta2726 Жыл бұрын
Great Video!!!!
@cabbages3424
@cabbages3424 Жыл бұрын
So if I have only one poisson distributed independent variable and one poisson distributed dependent variable, they have a linear relationship, should I be using 'poisson' distribution as the random component, and 'identity' as my link function? In MATLAB: glmfit(x, y, 'poisson', 'link', 'identity');
@user-mi1gq2no6n
@user-mi1gq2no6n 3 жыл бұрын
Thanks you and I’m waiting for gamma distribution example will be useful in my resurch
@maxwfhde8083
@maxwfhde8083 2 жыл бұрын
Really great explanation and I love your style! One question: At <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1090">18:10</a> you show us the R-code of an ordered logistic regression with something like Y= Health rating and X=Mi. However, in the following graf there is X=Agility and Y= Injuries again. Am I missing something? Cheers!
@cristianbesliu8472
@cristianbesliu8472 2 жыл бұрын
Really well explained
@briankron1377
@briankron1377 5 ай бұрын
Quick question for you, if you're still checking these comments! When taking the next step and moving up to GLMMs because of the requirements of data structure, is it a necessity to still use a link function in your code? Thanks, love your videos
@angelajcabul3165
@angelajcabul3165 4 ай бұрын
Thanks for your explanation! If you have some examples how to apply them, it would be extremly helpful! Thanks a lot.
@luisvasquez5015
@luisvasquez5015 10 ай бұрын
Are link functions a special case of activation functions (in the context of NNs)?
@Tascioni49
@Tascioni49 5 ай бұрын
This is what I always need, someone explaining things with some fun and at the same time in dummie terms xd
@navjotsingh2251
@navjotsingh2251 Жыл бұрын
I love your craziness, and you are doing us a great service. Going forward, I’m going to scream “Generalised Linear Model!!!” At people who need it. Can you do a full course on GLM, the math behind it and I guess any other regression analysis theory. I think that would be awesome, or if you have already done this I couldn’t find it 🙁
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych Жыл бұрын
I have a couple playlists related to what you're asking for. I tend not to get mathy (because it scares my students :))
@tereseteoh2154
@tereseteoh2154 Жыл бұрын
i love this video so much
@ndilzy
@ndilzy 4 ай бұрын
Wow. Fun. Thanks learned a lot without getting bored
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 4 ай бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it!
@crushed_oreos
@crushed_oreos Жыл бұрын
Thanks a lot man
@Lello991
@Lello991 Жыл бұрын
Hi and thanks very much for this video. I've been using GLMs for a while, but now lots of things are clearer! Anyway, I've a little question for you: what distribution and link function would you suggest for a bimodal distribution? My DV is the score given to a 100-point slider. The slider was initially at 50, so the participants' heuristics was something like "go below or go above, never stay at 50"; thus, it produced a drop in the 50ish zone of the distribution. What do you think? Cheers, Alessandro
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych Жыл бұрын
In my experience, residuals are rarely bimodal. The raw distribution might be, but generally when I include my predictors, it will explain the shift in modes, rendering the residuals normal.
@galenseilis5971
@galenseilis5971 4 ай бұрын
I use a generalization of Poisson regression called inhomogenous Poisson point process regression. It is useful for modelling arrivals of discrete units into a system over time.
@kiwanukajoseph6812
@kiwanukajoseph6812 Ай бұрын
So can we conclude that "tobit models, truncated models, and the heckmann model( tobit II model) follow a Gamma distribution?
@aun3931
@aun3931 Жыл бұрын
You first spoke of data being normally distributed and then residuals being normally distributed. Could you please distinguish between the two?
@mrQueppet
@mrQueppet Жыл бұрын
Bravo, sir.
@donyin8638
@donyin8638 2 жыл бұрын
I cannot believe that you have only 3.7 k subscribers.
@ALI_B
@ALI_B 26 күн бұрын
Great stuff as usual. Keep up.
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 20 күн бұрын
Thanks!
@raltonkistnasamy6599
@raltonkistnasamy6599 4 ай бұрын
Man u are an amazing teacher
@SidneyRanger1138
@SidneyRanger1138 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much!
@NM-tx7zm
@NM-tx7zm 8 ай бұрын
Thank you!
@paulyoung3897
@paulyoung3897 2 ай бұрын
This was great
@mohamadrezabidgoli8102
@mohamadrezabidgoli8102 Жыл бұрын
Great video. One remark: At <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="595">9:55</a> the link function of linear regression is not 1, it is identity function f(x) = x
@hebakhaled4573
@hebakhaled4573 2 жыл бұрын
the links to the graduate and undergraduate playlists are broken could you please Post them in a comment
@firstkaransingh
@firstkaransingh 2 жыл бұрын
Awesome 😎👍
@ChrisHardy-xj1br
@ChrisHardy-xj1br Жыл бұрын
Do you teach at Rowan University in New Jersey?
@user-cv2ew6wg3l
@user-cv2ew6wg3l 7 ай бұрын
Heyy, thank you for your great video!! I have a question on the difference between transformations and link functions. Is it right that this shouldn't be the same? mean(log(y)) log(mean(y)) And this should be the same? mean(log(predict(mod))) log(mean(predict(mod))) If yes, why is this the case? Thank you a lot!
@skyscraper5910
@skyscraper5910 Жыл бұрын
How does one actually test for significance with these models?
@alejandrovillalobos1678
@alejandrovillalobos1678 3 жыл бұрын
thank you so much for your videos, greeting froms mexico
@nachete34
@nachete34 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the video and all the work behind! You really made a complicated topic (at least in my head) look very easy. Two questions I'd appreciate if you could reply: 1. When checking whether to use gaussian or gamma GLMM, should I check distributions of the original data or of the residuals? (I often see people checking the original data while it is often said we should check the residuals) 2. Can I blindly trust AIC or BIC to quickly determine whether to use gaussian or gamma GLMM? i.e., without needing to plot the data. Thanks in advance!
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 2 жыл бұрын
1- You are right. We look at the *residuals*. 2-I wouldn't trust anything without plotting the data :)
@jg95095
@jg95095 Жыл бұрын
@@QuantPsych To clarify #1, is that the residuals of a linear regression fit?
@mathisdifficult666
@mathisdifficult666 7 ай бұрын
难以置信的好视频!我能够感觉到他是真的懂
@afsarahannan1371
@afsarahannan1371 2 жыл бұрын
Bro you're the best
@ricardogomes9528
@ricardogomes9528 Жыл бұрын
Excelent video, first time I saw it I though you were really really annoying with your voice and impressions, but the second time I watch it I got really clarified :) But still, I have a question: when we use OLS, we assume that our residuals must follow a normal distribution and if they don't, we can either try to find a better model (more variables, transformations, whatever) or switch the model from a Linear Regression to, let's say, a Poisson Regression (GLM of Poisson Family). But my doubt is this: is there any chance that our residuals will not resemble a poisson distribution and it's our coefficients that get crazy or, on the other hand, we might fit good coeficients with nice p-values, but our residuals will not follow a poisson distribution, but a normal distribution..? I don't know how clear I got with this question, but I guessing my doubt is related with how can I validate that my poisson fit is actually the best model to be fitted, given the p-values and the residual distribution? Kind Regards, you are the best
@neneirene7961
@neneirene7961 Жыл бұрын
i love this teacher
@cedwin4
@cedwin4 Жыл бұрын
How about inverse binomial and tweedie distribution? Can you make a video?
@galenseilis5971
@galenseilis5971 4 ай бұрын
The residuals from the conditional mean from a gamma generalized linear model will not be gamma-distributed. A quick way to confirm this is to realize that the outcome variable is sometimes less than the predicted mean value, resulting in a negative residual. But a gamma distribution has non-negative support, and therefore cannot be the distribution of the residuals. In general the residuals do not follow the same distribution as the likelihood.
@yogeshpahari589
@yogeshpahari589 Жыл бұрын
Thank you from Nepal
@patriciasobirin8210
@patriciasobirin8210 Жыл бұрын
very concise video very. concise
@benjipatator
@benjipatator 2 жыл бұрын
What is the "E" he is referring to when talking about difference between transformation and link function at 10.50 min?
@marcellberto2538
@marcellberto2538 Жыл бұрын
Error term
@varotama2980
@varotama2980 Жыл бұрын
its a great video, thank you. but can i ask you some question, if i use poisson with 2 predictors, can i make it into plot diagram? sorry for my bad english, im from indonesia
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 4 ай бұрын
With flexplot you can.
@yasithudawatte8924
@yasithudawatte8924 Жыл бұрын
Thank you. Clear explanation. Can we use GLM when observations are dependent or correlated? Or is it a situation where GLMs not applicable?
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 4 ай бұрын
You cannot. You'll have to use mixed models (or time-series models).
@gurunoskarsdottir456
@gurunoskarsdottir456 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for awesome videos (and flexplot), suddenly statistics are not so boring anymore! Could I ask you a question? I’m an ecologist who wants to break the habit of using Wilcox, Kruskal-Wallis and similar. I’ve been trying to use GLM for analyzing seed germination data, but ca. 50% of my values are zeros (germination was poor) and the rest are ratios between 0 and 1, for each plant tested. With non-integer dependent variable, I cannot use zero-inflated models, but the GLMs I’ve tried all have bad-looking QQ-plots and questionable results (I suspect it’s because of all the zeros). My main independent variables are factors (testing difference between years and sites + interaction), so GAM and gamlss (zero-inflated beta regression) don’t seem to work well either. I’m out of ideas, could you help me find a model that doesn’t suck? :) Thanks!
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 2 жыл бұрын
can you model as count instead of proportion? Then you can do either a poisson or a zero inflated poisson. Also, I don't think QQ plots are going to help. They are to assess normality, but you're not going to get normality and so are not needed. (See this link: stats.stackexchange.com/questions/298197/interpreting-qq-plot-of-poisson-regression)
@gurunoskarsdottir456
@gurunoskarsdottir456 2 жыл бұрын
@@QuantPsych Thank you for responding so quickly - I tried your suggestion, the results made sense and the distribution of residuals was similar between different factors! :D Thanks a lot - I thought this transformation would violate ZIP/ZINB’s assumption, given that percentages have a fixed range and in my case, I tested 20 seeds for each tree, giving 5, 10, 15%… but since nothing ever came close to 100% germination, perhaps we’re good. :) That being said, I wish I knew of user-friendly methods of modelling percentage data that are zero-inflated and overdispersed with mostly factorial independent variables, because most all my data are like that.
@user-gh6di6tn5f
@user-gh6di6tn5f 2 жыл бұрын
What an interesting host who are full of statistics.
@goelnikhils
@goelnikhils 7 ай бұрын
Good Video
@theuser810
@theuser810 Жыл бұрын
In <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="730">12:10</a> it says log, but the systematic components seem to be exponentiated. Which one is correct?
@RomainPuech
@RomainPuech Жыл бұрын
The link function is applied to y, so you get f(y) = systematic component, that why you apply your systematic component to the inverse of the link function. Note that for id and 1/x, the link function is its own inverse that's why you only spotted it for Poisson
@theuser810
@theuser810 Жыл бұрын
​@@RomainPuech Thanks, I got it now!
@justinmiller4406
@justinmiller4406 8 ай бұрын
I was surprised at how complex problems can be solved with a simple two-layer feedforward binary classification neural network. With a single hidden layer with a ReLU activation function, followed by an output layer with a sigmoid activation, it is able to learn very complex binary classifications (Such as learning financial signals). Unfortunately, I did not see any tutorials on financial data modeling using linear layers - most are using CNN, LSTM, and GRU model types. Those model types just don't seem to learn my dataset as well as this two-layer feedforward binary classification neural network does. Fun topic!
@jonathanevans4817
@jonathanevans4817 Жыл бұрын
Thank you, this is excellent. I did find the music distracting, however. :)
@haadibello
@haadibello 2 жыл бұрын
what do you mean by residuals, and are you referring to 'y' as dependent variable?
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 2 жыл бұрын
See this video for an explanation of residuals: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/d7FhnL2qvpzQfaM.html And yes, y = dependent variable
@haadibello
@haadibello 2 жыл бұрын
@@QuantPsych I understand the concept of GLM now, but how do I use it in python?
@yashagrahari
@yashagrahari 16 күн бұрын
First 100K views. Congrats! Keep it on.
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 14 күн бұрын
Thanks!
@davidireland1766
@davidireland1766 Жыл бұрын
What happens if you have a mixture of variable types. Continous, discrete etc.
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 4 ай бұрын
Fit a mixture model. I haven't used them often, except for zero-inflated models.
@julietlozano7197
@julietlozano7197 3 жыл бұрын
Congratulations! Nice video, I have two questions 1. What if the data and residuals behave normal even if they are counts, should I still apply a glm? And 2. What if the gamma or poisson distribution data contains zero values? I would be very grateful if you would help me with these questions, and again congratulations! Greetings from Mexico
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 2 жыл бұрын
1-You can do normal, if you wish. 2-Just add 1 to each value.
@julietlozano7197
@julietlozano7197 2 жыл бұрын
​@@QuantPsych Thank you so much!!
@dragcot9677
@dragcot9677 2 ай бұрын
as an ecologist in progrees I can say, in ecology EVERYONE is using GLM all the time even when they could be using other simpler methods so here I am trying to actually understand them ahjhahaha
@QuantPsych
@QuantPsych 27 күн бұрын
Ha! Sounds like you're better off in ecology than here in psych.
@peachorchard
@peachorchard 2 жыл бұрын
Omg! I wish I was in your class
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