Very interesting but.....what exactly is the second law of thermodynamics?

I am very pleased with the writing and structure in explaining the concept. Sometimes hard things to understand are just not presented right. 👍

Thank you for clarifying this! I had a hard time understanding how to use 2nd law formulas but now I can confidently apply them. You sir are the reason why I will pass my final this monday!

During this entire video the law is never stated.

As a mechanical engineering student I find this vid very helpful! thanks again LearnEngineering, and the video editing wasn’t half bad ;)

Wow simply mind blown!!! I've seen this before in high school and never really got the idea behind of Gibbs free energy, thanks a lot

We will use no math here. Proceds to use only math

Everything was going well until he went entropy equation mode.

a very perfect explanation for the physics behind the law, i listen to the video 3 or 5 times and finally I can say that now I understand the second law of thermodynamics

“with a minimum use of mathematics” *defines 2nd law with a line integral*

Excellent instructional video that allows to approach an abstract theme with the minimum of mathematics. Concerning physical phenomena, it is better to "feel" them before handling them with maths. Thanks a lot

You call this presentation "a minimum ues of mathematics"? You're dreaming. This is a highly technical explanation and is for people who already understand the second law.

I knew more before I watched the video

One of the finest video I have ever seen on this topic. Nice explanation.

"you need not to worry about what is happening in the surroundings" … but (T) in the Gips equation is the surrounding temperature !!

Brilliant channel. Lots to learn. Kudos to the team.

Keep up the good work this really helps to get a better idea of thermodynamics even if you have studied it before

Wow....sir ...i was just waiting for this animation video....i m very happy.....and a lot of bless to u for helping engineering students

This video is very good if you're an engineering student trying to solve entropy problems. Philosophically understanding it though, not so much. The 2nd Law just states that entropy or the disorder of a system tends to increase with time. Fundamentally it just means there are far more solutions where the result is a mess than an orderly one. Think about a game of pool. Originally the balls are nice and orderly, but once things start moving, the balls end up all over the place. Now imagine trillions of particles doing the same thing. It is possible for entropy to decrease spontaneously but the chance of that occurring is practically impossible. This law is not so much a product of physics (like F=ma or energy conservation) but of statistics. It's an emergent property that comes about because there are far more states where a system is disorderly than orderly.

Never knew, now I do :) Thank you Learn Engineering!

I couldn't understand entropy in whole semester and this dude explain me in 7 mins 😊😊

Thank you for your detailed explanation. After watching no.of times now I got an idea about second law

I shall have to look at this video again. Lots of information to get my head around. I liked the info about Entropy .I did not know that before seeing this video.

Thankyou a thousand...... I'm suffering so much to understand this. Now I have a clear picture on entropy and the whole law. Please do a video on exergy. 💯💯👏🙏🙏

Thank you very much sir for such a crystal clear explanation about second law and entropy. A thanks from deep of my heart. 😊😊😊😊😊

Thank you for using as little math as possible,.... I may have gotten lost if you would have used nothing but math. Sure glad THAT didn't happen,... *: )*

Great video. Thought I understood LT2 but this is great insight.

best video for understanding the second law wonderful explanation man!

1:37 states 2nd law is related to the direction of chemical processes while first law depicts the law of conservation of energy 2:45 states mathematical eqn. for 2nd law that total Entropy of an isolated system can never decrease

Wow amazing thank u now I got a clear idea why shall we study about entropy and especially how can we use it

Best explanation of entropy and Gibbs Free Energy that I’ve ever seen!

So what I understood from all this is that energy always flows from "high to low", never the other way. Like water down a mountain. So any closed system that has any amount of entropy will always want to flow to 0. Any open system into which outside energy can be added will have entropy increase until that extra added energy is supplied no more, like a melting glacier adding water to a river, and once again it will go from "high to low" until we get an all stop at 0 entropy. All the water from the mountain has flowed. Or something like that.

Brilliant explanation. Thank you

This video was very clear and understandable with the explaining. I want to design fuels and energy sources, so thermodynamics is an important subject that I can learn from your video's

To be precise in the bottle where there are the two chemicals it should be used Helmholtz energy (A) since it is an isocore instead of in isobar process

Thank you so much. Very clear and simple.

Comments make me feel sad for the creator, he did a great job.

Thank you so much. It was much much easier to understand!

Excellent explanation, thanks.

The statements of the second law you crossed out are in fact the most useful for an engineer as they allow to develop intuition about the underlying physics. Formulae are an elegant way of stating laws of physics in the language of mathematics but that is not necessarily useful for understanding every day technical problems. The same applies to the abstract idea of entropy.

Excellent work done dude thanks for this free knowledge transfer

Good one Sir. U r examples were awesome.

Since an entropy is energy/temperature ; SO : How can we relate blowing a ballon to the entropy ? ! Or falling of a mass to the entropy ? !

Awesome... Love your videos guys...

thank you much for posting this.

I love this channel its just awesome..

Great vid! Is the Temperature in the expression for Gibbs free energy that of the surrounding?

Good with practical examples

GREAT VIDEO. Can you do a video on how radars work?

Thankyou for the explanation 🧡✨

u made me more confused more than ever. thanks

well explained! good work.

Dhnayvad brha nice video every thing is good 🙏🏻👌

Really appreciative

Thanks alot for video really understand in 6:55 min ....very helpful

Thanks a lot for this video

The second law states that if the physical process is irreversible, the combined entropy of the system and the environment must increase. The final entropy must be greater than the initial entropy for an irreversible process: Sf > Si (irreversible process)

I thought I was confused before. Now I am definitely confused

I am 15 years old still watching this videos because I love engineering . And practicing to be engineer . Keep it up good job😄

This video is very insightful

I got this in my recommended for some reason but it's very interesting, all I got from this is that energy moves in a certain direction but that's it

great channel .I like very much this channel because I like scientific explaining ......

The reason why time travel isn’t possible

Many discrepancies in understanding the problems of life and evolution from the standpoint of physics and physical chemistry are typically associated with misconceptions in understanding entropy [4-7]. The term "entropy" was coined by Rudolf Clausius. Following his model of the world (universe), he stated: "The energy of the world is constant. The entropy of the world tends to the maximum". Later this statement was chosen by J.W. Gibbs as an epigraph to his paper "On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances". These scientists have given this statement in relation to their model of the universe. This model corresponds to a simple isolated system of ideal gas, i.e., an isolated system of ideal gas, in which the energy and volume are constant and only the work of expansion is performed. The entropy of such a system can only increase! It should be noted that when we speak about the ideal model that would correspond to the real universe, it would be necessary to accept the unreal assumption that any form of energy in the real universe will be transformed into thermal energy. Only in this case, and under additional unrealistic assumptions, the real universe "would turn" into the Clausius-Gibbs model of the ideal system. However, science amateurs applied representations of simple systems to systems of other types, in which interactions takes place between particles of different nature (interactions of molecules or other objects of different hierarchies) and to systems which interact with the environment. Some scientists, who are not professionals in the relevant fields of knowledge, did not escape such errors. This led to unimaginable confusion and slowed down the development of science for more than a century. There are thousands of publications in scientific journals and popular literature containing marked misunderstandings. To these were added incorrect ideas on negentropy and on dissipative structures in the living world and the false identification of "the information entropy" with the thermodynamic entropy. The origin of life and its evolution can be easily explained from the standpoint of hierarchical near-equilibrium thermodynamics of complex dynamic systems. This thermodynamics is established on a solid foundation of equilibrium thermodynamics, thermodynamics of R. Clausius, J.W. Gibbs, and other great scientists. www.arcjournals.org/pdfs/ijrsb/v5-i3/2.pdf

JUST ANOTHER GREAT IDEA .... AND A NICE VIDEO ....!!!!! KEEP GOING ...

Umm as a complete illiterate in thermodynamics I am afriad that this video was not enough😃 I do get the gist bit I think that it was too fast for me or that some part of "Noob you need to know this first" was missing. Could you for the future also list some prerequisites like PBS Space used to have?

Very well explained 👍

thank you sir for clarification

We also use these pumps in Iran, and our company specializes in repairs, winding and turning parts of these pumps, and we have been working in this field for 40 years.

5:10 Notice how it's actually possible to extract free energy, if the system loses less or equal entropy than the surroundings gain. This explains the free energy circuit that was built at the University of Arkansas using freestanding graphing.

Its a great simple explanation.👍

Awesome and very knowledgeable video

thanks for the hard work

English subtitles stop at 3:16. Please fix it! English is not my main language and that helps a lot to understand. Thanks.

Tank you for this video

Amazing.. thanks

You're doing a great job

Nice explanation with best animation.

I take comfort in the 2nd law of thermodynamics knowing that all natural processes are irreversible, and that all things continue to move forward. Joe Pera

Thanks dude

Good explanation thank you

Many misunderstandings in understanding the problems of life and evolution from the standpoint of physics and physical chemistry are typically associated with misconceptions in understanding entropy. The term "entropy" coined Rudolf Clausius. According to his model of the world (universe), he presented a statement: "The energy of the world is constant. The entropy of the world tends to the maximum". Later this statement was chosen by JW Gibbs as an epigraph to the paper "On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances". These scientists have given this statement in relation to their model of the universe. This model corresponds to a simple isolated system of ideal gas, i.e. isolated system of ideal gas, energy and volume of this system are constant and in which only the work of expansion is performed. Entropy of such a system can only increase! It should be noted that when we say on ideal model, which would correspond to the real universe, it would be necessary to accept the unreal assumption that any form of energy real universe will be transformed into thermal energy. Only in this case, also under additional unrealistic assumptions, the real universe "would turn" into the model of ideal system of Clausius - Gibbs. However, lovers of science have applied representations on simple systems to systems of other types, in which the interactions takes place between particles of different nature (interactions of molecules or other objects of different hierarchies) and to systems which interact with the environment. Some scientists, who are not professionals in the relevant fields of knowledge, have not escaped such errors. This has led to unimaginable confusion. This has slowed down the development of science, more than on a century. There are thousands of publications in scientific journals and popular literature containing marked misunderstandings. To these were added incorrect ideas on the negentropy and on the dissipative structures in the living world, and the false identification of "the information entropy" with the thermodynamic entropy. The origin of life and its evolution can be easily explained from the standpoint of hierarchical near equilibrium thermodynamics of complex dynamic systems. This thermodynamics is established on a solid foundation of equilibrium thermodynamics - thermodynamics of Rudolf Clausius, JW Gibbs and other great scientists.

Love the animation.

Best book to this problem: Structural Dynamics Of Flow by Leslie Claret

I think after two years of study I only understood dynothernamics. In about two more decades I should get this thermodynamics thing under control.

Simple, but very useful (y)

put more videos related to mechanical. it is very useful for many people. thank you

Thank you very much

Wow thanks team it helped me alot

For the chemical reaction example, isnt enthalpy only really used when the system does boundary work? Here it looks like the system has a constant volume. This confuses me the most. Regardless, by using Q-W=H2-H1 --> Q=H2-H1 everything else makes sense. I just feel like it should’ve just been the change of internal energy instead of enthalpy. Maybe I’m missing something.🤔

After this video I realised that all this physics is to prove common sense by mathematics. Good video.

simplicity is the secret of genius.

Dear Sabin + your esteemed audience, First of all, many sincere thanks for your collective efforts! "The "Second Law of Thermodynamics" is a fundamental law of nature, undeniably one of the most valuable discoveries of mankind. However, this law is slightly confusing for most engineers or students. The main reason for this is that it contains so many complex terms and there are many ways to phrase this second law, but most importantly the majority does not understand what the applications of this law are. In this video we will provide a real physical insight into this law with a minimal use of mathematics". ...Sounds terrific, but looks to be not for an average mind... Even big scientific research workers' brains had and still have to stumble herewith... Moreover, your report demonstrates the meanwhile widespread Operationalism (unwillingness to enter important details) easily muddled-up in the audience with the 'engineering rigour'... Hence, some kind of a clarification ought to be urgently necessary! So, captain, AHOY! A. There is ONLY ONE BASIC, fundamental Energy Conservation and Transformation Law. It is definitely unique and conceptually indivisible delivering two logically joint concepts - these are Energy Conservation - and Energy Transformation. Still, a more-then-100-years-old conceptual failure has brought us to two separate thermodynamic laws - but this has nothing in common with the actual physics. To come back, they have coined two more fake thermodynamic laws, employed the Probability Theory + Mathematical Statistics, and this has helped formulate the Quantum Mechanics, which is thus a basically metaphysical conceptual construction - and, hence, ought to be only restrictedly fruitful. B. By dividing the basically indivisible law, you are touching Combinatorics, you are touching Probability Theory, you are even stepping back to Thermodynamics for a while, but... You are NOT answering the poser: WHAT IS ENTROPY, sorry! 1. In the formula S = kB * ln(Ω) you do imply, Ω means not a "Huge Number of Microstates", not "Probability", which numerically ranges between [0,1], not even "Wavefunction", which ought to be a purely metaphysical notion, as it is... In effect, Ω ought to be a simplistic algebraic function of Lord Kelvin's Absolute Temperature. This result has been published 100 years ago in JACS. 2. WHAT-ENTROPY-IS-poser has been answered not by Clausius, not by Boltzmann, etc., but by Goethe, who has introduced Mephistopheles, the philosophical embodiment of ENTROPY. 3. Newton did basically know WHAT ENTROPY IS - A Counteraction. 4. That Counteractions do not grow to infinity with the growing Actions, but MUST reach their MAXIMUM values, is the result by Nicky Carnot, which has been formalized by Clausius... 5. In effect, J. W. Gibbs Free Energy formula: (ΔG = U + pV - TS, .i.e., ΔG = H - TS , where U is the internal energy (SI unit: joule), p is pressure (SI unit: pascal), V is volume (SI unit: m3 = m*m*m), T is the temperature (SI unit: kelvin), S is the entropy (SI unit: joule per kelvin), H is the enthalpy (SI unit: joule)) renders implicit the interplay among ALL the relevant Actions (the Enthalpic term) and ALL the pertinent Counteractions (the Entropic term). 6. The standard approach you are reporting about is OK for the implicit Enthalpy-Entropy picture, employing it for studying reaction mechanism details is likewise eating soup with a fork.🧐

Great video man, dunno why people here are complaining. Its a 7min supplementary youtube vid, not supposed to act as a replacement for the textbooks

👏nice explanation

Pls make a video on how does a slipper clutch works

Well enthalpy is the heat absorbed by the system at constant pressure, in ur case its at constant volume, isn't it be delta(U)/change in internal energy...?

I can see how the Entropy is increased once a falling object crashes on the floor, but the entropy shouldn't increase while it is falling (at least in vacuum). So why is it falling then? I don't think entropy is the answer.

How do you know and calculate the change of entropy of the system? Without that, we are back where we started.

I must say you a great knowledge