Solar Energy Storage Types | Solar Basics | Solar Applications | Solar Energy Uses | Solar Power
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Solar energy storage plays a crucial role in overcoming the intermittent nature of solar power generation and ensuring a continuous and reliable energy supply. Here are some common types of solar energy storage:
Battery Storage Systems: Battery storage is one of the most widely used methods to store solar energy. It involves using rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity generated by solar panels during the day. The stored energy can then be used during periods of low solar generation or at night. Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used for residential and commercial applications due to their high energy density and efficiency.
Pumped Hydroelectric Storage: Pumped hydroelectric storage is a well-established and widely used method of energy storage. It utilizes the gravitational potential energy of water. During periods of excess solar generation, water is pumped from a lower reservoir to an upper reservoir. When electricity demand exceeds solar generation, the stored water is released to flow downhill, driving turbines to generate electricity.
Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES): CAES involves compressing air using excess solar energy and storing it in underground caverns or tanks. When electricity demand increases, the compressed air is released, heated, and expanded through turbines to generate electricity. This method allows for the storage of large amounts of energy and is suitable for utility-scale applications.
Thermal Energy Storage (TES): TES systems store solar energy in the form of heat for later use. This can be done through various methods, such as:
Sensible Heat Storage: Thermal energy is stored in a solid or liquid medium, such as molten salts or rocks, which can retain heat for extended periods. The stored heat can be used for space heating, water heating, or electricity generation using steam turbines.
Latent Heat Storage: Thermal energy is stored by changing the phase of a material, such as using the heat of fusion to convert a solid to a liquid. Phase change materials like paraffin wax or certain salts are commonly used for latent heat storage.
Thermochemical Storage: Chemical reactions are used to store and release heat energy. Reversible reactions, such as the hydration/dehydration of certain salts, can be utilized to store and retrieve solar heat energy.
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