Using Forms in Next.js (Server Actions, Revalidating Data)

Рет қаралды 125,818

Күн бұрын

Learn how to create forms and handle data mutations in the Next.js App Router. This tutorial walks through using Server Actions, creating loading and error states with useFormStatus and useFormState, as well as accessibility best practices.
0:00 - Introduction
0:06 - Demo
0:21 - Forms with Pages Router
1:05 - create-next-app
1:30 - Server Component (Data Fetching)
1:58 - Forms and action prop
3:05 - Server Actions (and useFormState)
4:32 - Progressive enhancement
5:03 - Loading states (useFormStatus)
7:13 - Revalidating data and caching
8:12 - Accessibility and error states
9:58 - Conclusion
◆ Docs: nextjs.org/docs/pages/buildin...
◆ Example: github.com/vercel/next.js/tre...
◆ React Canary Example: codesandbox.io/s/vigorous-cur...
◆ Server Actions: nextjs.org/docs/app/api-refer...
◆ "use server" : react.dev/reference/react/use...

Пікірлер: 183

@kyle-andrewgovinder9902 8 ай бұрын

Whoever drew up Lee's specs was very kind. Smart, endearingly charming, adorable as all hell

@austincodes 8 ай бұрын

Genuinely excited about this 🙌 I'd love to see more complicated examples with Zod validation

@discoverlance 8 ай бұрын

With zod validation, I tried one and if you look at what he did, the parsed variable returns an object with the parsed data but when you put it in a try catch, you can catch the instance of ZodError and get it's property formErrors.fieldErrors which will return all the errors.

@jeghaire 7 ай бұрын

Especially examples of zod and useForm hooks

@stevebendersky2056 7 ай бұрын

exactly@@jeghaire

@rafaelrocha3991 Ай бұрын

There’s a library that combines both: next-safe-action Quite useful if you don’t want to create your own action validation wrapper.

@MikeBritton 8 ай бұрын

Thanks for this tutorial, Lee. Excellent job clarifying in simple terms the elements of server actions.

@EvHaus 8 ай бұрын

This is great! Can you do a follow up with some more advanced stuff? Like, how do I handle optimistic updates & failures/rollbacks, how do I ensure my TODOs mutation state is synced across all pages/components that might need it, how can I update TODOs state from within the app code (not as part of a form submission). In other words -- is it possible to use this new paradigm to replace most of what Redux does?

@AlfonsusAC 8 ай бұрын

Thank you for the video. Very imformative. Shows how easy it is to create form in Next.js!

@robgioeli 8 ай бұрын

I genuinely love Next. It has changed my life financially and has made working with the web intuitive.

@franciscooteiza 7 ай бұрын

LIAR!!

@GeniusHawlah Ай бұрын

@@franciscooteiza At least let him lie in peace.😂😂😂😂

@guylepage33 3 ай бұрын

Great walk through as usual! Thank you. 🙏

@Sorkstryparen 8 ай бұрын

Super great and educational videos you do! Keep it up!

@pawelblaszczyk__ 8 ай бұрын

Really nice video, your explanations are always amazingly informative, thanks a lot 🔥Also, can’t wait for the stable release of the “cache” function, good to know that it’s coming soon

@optimbro 8 ай бұрын

The video shows the uploaded time 5 mins ago when I am writing this comment, and your comment shows posted 5 hours ago 😬😬 i.imgur.com/2o1sCXW.mp4

@pawelblaszczyk__ 8 ай бұрын

@@optimbro it was unlisted and linked in Next.js docs update PR before official publication 😄

@optimbro 8 ай бұрын

ohh that was the puzzle@@pawelblaszczyk__ , thanks 🙏🙏😂😂

@mohamed-zhioua 8 ай бұрын

always appreciating your valuable content

@rockNbrain 8 ай бұрын

Great job guys, I'd love if server get stable and I will heavly use it !!

@KySuga. 2 ай бұрын

Love that you touched upon accessibility!

@user-vb4vs5yz6w 2 ай бұрын

Thanks a lot for your explanations and demo it was really useful for me. The only question I didnt find answer on is how to handle multiple actions within single form

@improvingwithfun 12 күн бұрын

Hi Lee and engineers 👋 Thank you for the smooth video. Watching this I came to a few questions: 1. What is the reason to move from the previous approach? How much performance are we winning here? It would be nice to see some good and old before/after comparisons. 2. Many people are asking for more advanced cases, but are those even possible? I don't see modern forms without the usual rerendering that we used until now. Thank you and I hope for more such videos in the future!

@jasonsouthin6981 8 ай бұрын

Thanks for the video Lee !

@faizanahmed9304 8 ай бұрын

Great explanation!

@gmzi 8 ай бұрын

thanks lee, this is awesome. I'm just wondering how to clear the text input after a new todo has been created. So much cool stuff to try out!!!

@mufassirshah9376 8 ай бұрын

Great stuff 🔥🔥

@morg33327 8 ай бұрын

How would you recommend approaching submitting a form that relies on state being built up over time? For example: a form with multiple inputs including an input that builds an array of values through something like a multi-select input or an input collecting a list of emails?

@Ty-mp4jr 8 ай бұрын

i would like to see binding extra arguments and formless use of server actions with starttransition as i feel there's a lot of interesting things that can be done with these methods.

@FatihAltnok 8 ай бұрын

Great tip, aria-disabled instead of disabled!

@splodys 5 ай бұрын

Hey Lee, great content as always! Will you do a new video regarding next auth and providers like credentials, google and github? Credentials is mostly covered in the nextjs learn course, but google auth is not. I've been wondering if we should use api routes to handle this or is there any way using form actions as well. Thanks and keep up the great work!

@eliuddyn 8 ай бұрын

Amazing 🔥🔥

@Krzysiekoy 8 ай бұрын

3:21 - wait a minute. Maybe I'm not understanding something, but doesn't schema.parse throw an error if the data is incorrect? And if yes, shouldn't it be inside the try block?

@sillvvasensei 8 ай бұрын

Can you revalidate multiple tags yet? When I tried previously, it had issues when trying to call revalidateTags multiple times with each tag

@neil4411 4 ай бұрын

Love the tutorial! Would there be a way to unit test "action" attribute?

@maksymdudyk1718 10 күн бұрын

new, important and complicated concept such as `server action` the author explains on even more complicated usecases.

@alexmg404 8 ай бұрын

Thanks, very helpful video. How would you go about clearing the input after submitting with server actions?

@agus-wesly 8 ай бұрын

make the input client component, use the useRef hook with useEffect, inside of the effect check for the form status and clear it

@flavienpensato9907 8 ай бұрын

Hello, very interesting but I wonder what about security? Do we have access to the request to now if users are authorized or not?

@solaaar3 8 ай бұрын

i'm getting an error while running the dev server: VercelPostgresError - 'missing_connection_string': You did not supply a 'connectionString' and no 'POSTGRES_URL' env var was found.

@81NARY 8 ай бұрын

Hey, could you maybe shed some light on Auth + XSRF on this? As it's submitting a form and if cookies are used for Auth, this would be vulnerable to XSRF attacks, right?

@filipkovac767 8 ай бұрын

Please make long format video diving into topics like: client side validation, dependant fields, client side data formatting, array fields...

@dealloc 8 ай бұрын

1. Use HTML input validation attributes. 2. Validate on server, returning the names of dependent inputs in the result of form action, or implement a client-side solution if you need instant feedback. 3. ??? This is not in scope, data formatting is highly subjective. But if you need a specific format on the server, deserialize the form data there. 4. Use name="some_field[]" as the name of one or more inputs, i.e. checkboxes.

@josaelprz 2 ай бұрын

Does revalidatePath adds some payload to the response in conjunction with the data you return on your server action or revalidatePath streams the new state to acknowledge the client to revalidate cache and update UI and then the server action return statement is hit, streams another response and the client updates again?

@yashjha0007 8 ай бұрын

is there a reason why SubmitButton is a separate component instead of just being a part of AddForm. can we not use both useFormStatus and useFormState hooks in the same component?

@parhamtavakolian7562 8 ай бұрын

I'm new to nextjs13 , in react I was using react query to handle remote data coming from api and show isloading on screen and also optimistic UI , and I want to know does next 13 need any library to handle those functions or I just need to create fetch request in any server component I want. my current next project is a blog

@AllysonTS 4 ай бұрын

Lee, is there any way to simulate the following scenario: I have a component called user.tsx and another called filters.tsx, using useSearchParams I can pass a "state" to users.tsx and use this data from filter.tsx to change the data displayed on my screen. This with react query is very simple, because if there is any change in the queryKey (the filters in this case) it automatically invalidates the current query and redoes the fetch. My question is: Is there a way to obtain a similar result using only server actions and fetch making requests to a api?

@wolffair1119 4 ай бұрын

Is there a video how to perform unit testing on this form? I tried setting it up but getting errors about 'useFormState' Any help would be appreciated.

@Abhishek-fw7oo 8 ай бұрын

Now we want Lee to create a next js course for nextjs 2077 ❤

@user-wr9qu6ml1d 4 ай бұрын

any videos on server side sorting? would it follow the same principle of passing a slug or id?

@stevebendersky2056 7 ай бұрын

Hey is this possible to use thhe useFormState with api route handler or fetch call ? as I dont use right now server actions in my app.

@giovannitonussi3746 8 ай бұрын

Thats very nice and useful. But I ask aren't we delegating too much responsibility to the "behind the curtains"?

@jeanpierrejeri6425 8 ай бұрын

When you have javascript enabled, and add a todo, the new todo title doesnt get clean up, how can i do that?

@GeniusHawlah Ай бұрын

So if I need the todo data in some other far-away components, I have to prop-drill?

@umair170 2 ай бұрын

Does amyone know if Next exposes those hooks to keep the API consistent? The ones that are unstable in react canary?

@JuanPabloGallegoJaramillo 3 ай бұрын

por que se reinica el componente cuando envio la data , nunca llega el console.log? export async function createMemberTeam(formData: FormData) { 'use server'; console.log('createMemberTeam', formData); }

@in43sh 8 ай бұрын

instant subscription

@mystupidbrain5299 8 ай бұрын

If this was a login form, how would you handle session storage?

@panoscool_ 2 ай бұрын

@leerob why server actions cannot be used for data fetching from a db?

@vignesh_m_1995 18 күн бұрын

Suppose we have a table in a Next JS page and the table has a filter (client) component with interactivity. When we hit Apply, how do we pass the filter values from the client child to the server parent component. (The parent fetches the data and renders the table). I can see many suggestions to pass the data as params or queryParams using revalidate or nav methods of next. That works fine for a simple values like ID or search params. For example, if it is not just an ID but an object (advanced filter similar to the one in Amazon), should we just pass the entire object via the search params and make the URL bloated with so many values or are there any alternate way to communicate from client child (filter) to server parent component (where data is fetched) ??

@jsinnerx 3 ай бұрын

What about unit tests for those features? It looks like that "action" usage will cause some issues on unit tests.

@ktrifon 26 күн бұрын

What if this form was a search form and below you wanted to see filtered ToDos? In this case, the server action should return data based on the search criteria but how do you return this data? The todos area should not fill by a full db search now, it should fill with the results of the sever action. You have to use the search term from the form. I am missing something here and I cannot do it (for the moment). Also, I am not sure any more which component should be a server component and which one should be a client component. Is my approach wrong? Are server actions ONLY for mutations? Any suggestions? (All the videos show server actions mutating data. I want just a search) Thanks...

@shadowfaxenator 8 ай бұрын

When JS is disabled we don't get action returns. in state

@blazi_0 8 ай бұрын

Please no one is talking on the revalidate tag, how can u use it in this case??

@jordancutler7552 8 ай бұрын

Hey Lee, for the `aria-disabled`, do we not need to worry about accidental double submit behavior?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

You'd want to add that code in `onClick`: a11y-101.com/development/aria-disabled

@goodstuff2read 3 ай бұрын

This is great. Does anyone have a tutorial on how to integrate this with AWS AMPLIFY GRAPHQL calls? I think the limitation is that AWS is only up to like NextJS 13.4

@codeyalaya 2 ай бұрын

how to show #contact section of a long page, after submitting form using server actions with js disabled. #contact section is at last of the page.

@Dev-Siri 8 ай бұрын

THEY FINALLY FIXED THE "GET STATE BACK FROM SERVER ACTIONS' ISSUE.

@patrickjreid 6 ай бұрын

This was a great explaination... the docs were pretty hard to follow and understand. None of the examples connect together so its hard to get a full picture of what is going on.

@RobertoCestari 11 күн бұрын

Hello Lee On minute 7:24, when you delete a todo and use revalidatePath, the code shown does not work. You would never be able to get the returned message (on lines 50 to 52). Ireproduced your example. This is probably because the todo is removed from component tree, and therefore the state is reset.

@wolandmargarita 8 ай бұрын

Is there an LLM that is trained on these latest features? I am trying to learn and ChatGPT is a huge help but it knows nothing of this.

@samarnagar9699 8 ай бұрын

can you make tutorial for how to intigrate and work with postgres with next js without express

@user-nq1ds2xq4m 3 ай бұрын

can you make a video on how to connect with postgres database for this project

@Lomso Ай бұрын

hidden input for ID is not secured solution to my mind, has anyone better approach for it?

@76900aakhtar 8 ай бұрын

This is good. What about validations message when typing. That’s the real use case

@amesqFF 3 ай бұрын

hi, right? how make to clear input later add a todo?

@Abdullah-oj2ih 6 ай бұрын

what camera are you using?

@ishakimanuel3513 8 ай бұрын

is adding some data using hidden input are recommended ways by nextjs team? is it a best practices or i can try another way? why just not passing the hidden data in initial argument of form hooks , it looks like more simpler rather than adding additional html element

@Ty-mp4jr 8 ай бұрын

you can use .bind() on the action to pass through additional args without creating hidden forms. the data you bind will always be the first argument, so if you're using useFormState, you'll have something like: function serverAction(bindData, prevState, formData) it's mentioned in the next docs in the api reference section

@runonce 8 ай бұрын

Thanks, great vid! Is it possible to use GET instead of POST with server actions?

@rijkvanwel 8 ай бұрын

I know documentation is being worked on, but could you describe in 1-2 lines what experimental_useFormState does exactly?

@Ty-mp4jr 8 ай бұрын

from what i can figure out from using it, it takes your server action that takes the previous "state" object and the form data as arguments and returns a promise which resolves the "state" object. with this, it appears to split the function in two, separating the object (so it can be consumed by the app or some sort of state management hook) and the action (so it can be consumed by the form).

@yowremco 8 ай бұрын

When cloning the project locally and filling in my vercel database credentials I get "Error: db error: ERROR: relation "todos" does not exist Caused by: ERROR: relation "todos" does not exist" And when im tryting to deploy this straight from the template to vercel It also won't build. Type error: '"react-dom"' has no exported member named 'experimental_useFormState'. Did you mean 'experimental_useFormStatus'? 1 | 'use client' 2 | > 3 | import { experimental_useFormState as useFormState } from 'react-dom' | ^ 4 | import { experimental_useFormStatus as useFormStatus } from 'react-dom' 5 | import { createTodo } from '@/app/actions' 6 | error Command failed with exit code 1. Something broken with the template?

@solaaar3 8 ай бұрын

same, i'm getting an error related to postgres

@ratasobreviviendoenlascloa4847 8 ай бұрын

Server actions is alpha ,end.

@Ty-mp4jr 8 ай бұрын

useFormState has no types so it will throw eslint

@27sosite73 7 ай бұрын

thank you

@electroheadfx 8 ай бұрын

I just installed I have error on '"react-dom"' has no exported member named 'experimental_useFormState'. Need I an special npm install for use experimental react feature ?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

It seems there's a TypeScript error there at the moment, you can ts-ignore that, we'll fix it here in a patch release very shortly (apologies!).

@BaileySimrell 8 ай бұрын

@@leerob still doesn't work after adding ts-ignore error TypeError: (0 , react_dom__WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_4__.experimental_useFormState) is not a function or its return value is not iterable

@jauki2742 7 ай бұрын

@@BaileySimrell did you find a solution for this problem because i encountered the same problem exept i am not using the experimental_useFormState, just the useFormState, been to multiple GitHub Issues, but didn't figure it out

@didardev 8 ай бұрын

nice video, what if we have a modal and we want to close it after the server action is done and returned value from server, ?

@Ty-mp4jr 8 ай бұрын

i solved this by creating a success key with a simple boolean. i have a useEffect block that watches the state; if success is true, then it will trigger setState(false) on the modal and close it. i also fire a toast that displays the success message, or an error message if it fails

@xapper10 8 ай бұрын

can you make a video about caching in server and client components?

@appstuff6565 7 ай бұрын

Hey there Lee, thanks for this. I wanted to ask how can i persist the typed in value in input field? EX: i have a page.tsx in signup folder -> signup/page.tsx , this one has the form in it and is server component. When i hit the sign up button, it goes to signup/route.ts with method post in . The route.ts for signup handles all the database management plus return NextResponse.redirect() etc as required. This is also server side. Both are server side. I just want to know how can i persist the input typed value so when i click the signup button i need to persist that typed in value and not make it disappear?

@iamprincemuel 8 ай бұрын

Hi, awesome tutorial as always. Please can I get the name of the Code editor's theme? Thanks

@earhacker 4 ай бұрын

I think that's New Moon. Can't link it here but it's on GitHub, with theme files for Chrome DevTools and a lot of terminals too. It's really excellent for HTML, CSS, JS and React/JSX with TypeScript.

@MichaelPresecan 8 ай бұрын

In the latest react useFormState is not present

@electroheadfx 8 ай бұрын

the exemple use Vercel postgres grant, is it possible to have a public one for test?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

You could use any postgres database, it's just one example!

@___ruthless 8 ай бұрын

app router tribe baby lets go

@discoverlance 8 ай бұрын

I will install the latest next update in my project to test but earlier when I tested, forms were not working without JavaScript and redirect in a server action was failing 😢

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

Make sure you're on the latest version, 13.5.2 at this time!

@nerophase Күн бұрын

hey does anyone knows what vscode theme is that?

@kamill34 8 ай бұрын

does the server actions is still expermiental flag?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

For now, yes: nextjs.org/docs/app/building-your-application/data-fetching/forms-and-mutations

@howardcohen1653 Ай бұрын

also how would someone cleanup the inputs

@MICHAELZ50 8 ай бұрын

May I know what is the purpose of writing the 2 hidden input tags in DeleteForm Component?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

To forward that data in `FormData`, to be used in the Server Action. www.w3schools.com/tags/att_input_type_hidden.asp#:~:text=Definition%20and%20Usage,when%20the%20form%20is%20submitted.

@MICHAELZ50 8 ай бұрын

@@leerob oh I see. Is it because now the DeleteForm component has its own tag so it needs some "hidden" input values acting as ID in the FormData for server action?

@portalplays3760 8 ай бұрын

Can you do an example where JavaScript is disabled, server side validation fails, and we need to show an error state to the user. This doesn't seem to work in the example provided.

@portalplays3760 8 ай бұрын

Looks like this was fixed in 13.5.4! Thanks! 🙂

@jeffz7035 8 ай бұрын

Are server actions still technically experimental?

@codeyalaya 2 ай бұрын

your code does not work when deployed to vercel and javascript disabled

@daffastack 5 ай бұрын

untill now i cant use "useFormStatus" from react for adding loading state when submitting form server actions error message : 'experimental_useFormStatus' is not exported from 'react-dom' (imported as 'useFormStatus') any sugestion or help ? currently i use : "next": "^14.0.4", "react-dom": "^18.2.0",

@letsplayanything1829 4 ай бұрын

Same for this specc: "next": "^14.1.1-canary.46", "react": "^18.2.0", did you found a solution to this ?

@daffastack 4 ай бұрын

@@letsplayanything1829 I didn't have any solutions yet 😭

@daffastack 4 ай бұрын

Now I set loading state before and after actions at the form Like : { setLoading={true} AddData(formdata) setLoading={false} } }> // form input component This is also works but not best solutions

@ahmedivy 8 ай бұрын

Why server actions can't be used directly as a value to onClick attr for a button and just passed the data as an argument to function and nextjs will serialize automatically to send the request on server?

@dealloc 8 ай бұрын

Server actions are serialized to URL endpoints on the output, that is then handled by Next and directed to the correct server action handler. onClick are for client-side only events, and you cannot serialize function from server -> client. This the same reason you cannot pass a function to event handlers within server components.

@ahmedivy 8 ай бұрын

@@dealloc then we should use server actions only for forms? I mean if i have a button that when triggers has to change some data on server then api endpoints are more clean? Bcs if i have to make it a server action i have to enter all the things that i want to send as a payload (for example in apis), as a hidden form fields, isn't that gets more complicated?

@dealloc 8 ай бұрын

@@ahmedivy It depends on what you're doing-for simple server-side mutations, this is the approach to use as it can be progressively enhanced (i.e. work without JavaScript), and with React's upcoming hooks to handle form state, loading, optimistic updates, etc. It's not a silver bullet solution; e.g. you cannot use form submissions to recieve callbacks from a request (i.e. send data, waiting for a response from the server), in those cases you should use regular fetch, or a library like React Query/swr to handle client-side fetching. But this limits you to only support users with JavaScript, which may in some cases be what you want, and in other cases not. These are _Server_ actions. It's in the name ;)

@27harisrehman 6 ай бұрын

Please consider on updating the tutorials for Next14

@dhkim6672 8 ай бұрын

Since `aria-disabled` is used here, we must programmatically prevent clicking while pending state. how can i handle this?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

I have an example here, you can use onClick on the button: github.com/vercel/commerce/pull/1209

@dhkim6672 8 ай бұрын

@@leerob Thank you for the excellent reference. It has helped me understand server actions better!

@Mavesound 8 ай бұрын

What's the big difference between React Hook Form?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

React Hook Form uses the same patterns as the Pages Router towards the beginning on the video (event handlers)

@abhaykumar9806 3 ай бұрын

Had a very bad experience trying to work with method="GET" in next js forms. Nothing works. Always does a full page refresh. Didn't have these many probems in remix

@AbuBakr1 18 сағат бұрын

Are you promoting remix? No thanks

@RadTwin 8 ай бұрын

Can you share what that voice over app is you are using?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

It's native Voiceover on Mac! support.apple.com/guide/voiceover/turn-voiceover-on-or-off-vo2682/mac

@fayrouzadham4808 8 ай бұрын

experimental_useFormState doesn't show up in react-dom

@Ty-mp4jr 8 ай бұрын

it has no types, that's all. the function is there and it works, but it's just missing from the type declaration. it does cause builds to halt though, including on vercel lmao

@flammea_ 6 ай бұрын

If I get this right, this can only work without JavaScript, if you load the website with JavaScript and disable it after

@whoman7930 8 ай бұрын

Can you make a video on authentication patterns with the new app router?

@leerob 8 ай бұрын

Yeah, I can make one on this eventually! Good suggestion.

@optimbro 8 ай бұрын

with a middleware, database examples maybe@@leerob

@lzl0_699 8 ай бұрын

That would be a great video. 👍

@whoman7930 8 ай бұрын

@@leerob Specially I wanted to know if I should use middleware to protect some routes, or should I use the redirect function in server components?

@wriddhihazra 8 ай бұрын

@@leerob that would be amazing if you could show some cool new do some standard well known stuff like CRUD(this video) and authentication and then maybe even streaming data and websockets. Love you guys at the NEXT.js team, this magical framework really makes fullstack development a joy and as simple as it should've always been.

@djSeakDigital 8 ай бұрын

Whose disabling js in 2023. Im so curious where are all these users we are catering for.

@iCrea7ive 8 ай бұрын

@aravindsamala9528 8 ай бұрын

Everybody has Javascript disabled until it's loaded. Especially for users with slow internet, we can provide the default experience even without the Javascript.

@CardCollectorKing 7 ай бұрын

The government

@udaywahi 4 ай бұрын

@@aravindsamala9528but where are those people who have slow internet in the era of 5G

@user-gn8zu3hl8u 2 ай бұрын

@@aravindsamala9528and why would you submit a form before the page is loaded? Considering we are not in 00s and there are also controls which are using js