What is error correction? Hamming codes in hardware

Рет қаралды 239,008

Күн бұрын

3blue1brown's video: • But what are Hamming c...
See eater.net/crc for more error detection and correction stuff.
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Пікірлер: 490

@PowerhouseCell 3 жыл бұрын

*Ben Eater + 3b1b = a perfect Friday*

@TheMoritur 3 жыл бұрын

Completely agree

@yonatanbeer3475 3 жыл бұрын

I feel like I've been seeing you everywhere ever since your first biology video.

@omniyambot9876 3 жыл бұрын

They're duch a humble, intelligent very interesting human beings

@omniyambot9876 3 жыл бұрын

@@jamescollier3 they did, and maybe for a month

@tainicon4639 3 жыл бұрын

Both popped up together in my feed and I had a double take

@Eyalkamitchi1 3 жыл бұрын

1ben3eater

@roridev 3 жыл бұрын

3ben1ben

@works4me89 3 жыл бұрын

1men1jar

@pissmilker2313 3 жыл бұрын

This turned perverse quickly....

@thiesenf 3 жыл бұрын

@@works4me89 Unfortunatly I have seen that one... and I don't want to be reminded of it... ;-)

@HsinTsungChu 3 жыл бұрын

blackbenredben

@prathamkalgutkar7538 3 жыл бұрын

When the world needed him The most HE CAME BACK

@oscill8ocelot 3 жыл бұрын

He'd come back a couple days early if you join his Patreon ^.^

@matthewe3813 3 жыл бұрын

@math your math so just add 1000000 to 0 and ull have $1000000

@dhardingham 3 жыл бұрын

I remember learning about Hamming codes when I was at University over 40 years ago. Needless to say, I'd forgotten everything. Very interesting.

@proccessingunit2337 3 жыл бұрын

Idk how up-to-date your profile picture is, but I’m surprised you’re 60+. You look 40 at most. Whatever you’re doing, keep it up

@JamesCoyle95 3 жыл бұрын

I really hope this channel keeps growing. It's honestly one of the few channels where I always watch the new video as soon as I can. You break everything down and explain it really well making it really easy to enjoy watching and learning. As a programmer that dabbles in electronics I have to say I love seeing things done at such a low level. Everything I do is usually so far abstracted from the bare hardware that you really lose the appreciation of what is actually going into each line of code you write. It's kinda sad that most things now are just done in higher level languages when these hardware solutions are so elegant.

@nekrugderzweite8298 3 жыл бұрын

Same for me, i appriciate the comforts of high level programming language much more, it is so smart whats going on in the computer, way to smart for me ^^

@StefanNoack 3 жыл бұрын

8:50: the upside down dip switch outputs 0 when set to "NO", perfectly logical :D

@OrangeC7 3 жыл бұрын

If "NO" = false = 0, then you have a programming language!

@ShenLong991 3 жыл бұрын

@@OrangeC7 Correction: Then you have PHP or Javascript.

@KuraIthys 3 жыл бұрын

@@ShenLong991 Also C/C++ (older versions especially, where boolean wasn't always a first-class citizen and could be implemented as an integer where 0 = false, and non-zero = true. In fact even with formal implementation of a boolean type that still holds)

@GM1gV6f56 3 жыл бұрын

@@KuraIthys I mean... that also how it works in python ( www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0285/ ) and a lot of other languages

@NStripleseven 3 жыл бұрын

Well that works

@timderks5960 3 жыл бұрын

You know what's really underappreciated about your video's? The audio consistency between voiceover during a sped up part, and the normal video where you're just talking to the camera (assuming you do that, the consistency is so good I'm not even sure it's not all a voiceover). I honestly sometimes have trouble figuring out if I'm watching a sped up video or not, because there literally isn't a change in audio that would indicate it. You're the only channel I've ever watched that accomplishes it, but IMO it makes for a much more comfortable video. Are you also planning on doing a video on error correction for bigger data, or for multiple errors, if that's even possible?

@nicholascopsey4807 3 жыл бұрын

It definitely sounds like VO to me, but I think he's talking as he doing everything because I think it would be harder to explain what you were doing after the fact vs while you were doing it

@thiesenf 3 жыл бұрын

He sure is good at explaining the logics and how it all works as well as editing it all together in a really seemless fashion...

@Xorume. 3 жыл бұрын

I believe he talks as he does things and records on a good setup with a good mic. When he needs to speed up some part, he explains what he is doing while doing the beggining; and speeds up the video portion to fit with the explanation. And then just cuts the rest of the audio. It's an awesome way of doing things, imo.

@msx80 3 жыл бұрын

I noticed it too! Would love to hear from mr Eater how he does it

@alexwang007 3 жыл бұрын

Check out reed solomon code, it uses finite fields and can correct lots (customly defined amounts) of errors. Very commonly used in server storage and military video transmission (AC130 AH64, and the drones)

@melkiorwiseman5234 3 жыл бұрын

This scheme can be expanded by adding more "parity bits" to allow correction of 2-bit or 3-bit errors, which brings me to something else which can be (and occasionally has been) done. Distributed storage. By adding sufficient parity bits, in the right places, it's possible to divide a file into smaller "chunks" which collectively take up around 1.25 times the original storage space, but you only need to retrieve approximately 75% of the "chunks" and you can then calculate all of the missing data by using the parity bits stored with each "chunk" of data you did manage to retrieve. This means that in a distributed storage scheme, data pertaining to a particular file can be stored across multiple servers and if one or two servers go out of service, you can still retrieve and reconstruct the original file from the remaining servers. The down-side is that the reconstruction process takes a long time since the mathematics involved is complicated, and making hardware to perform the task would not be economically viable.

@1loshvitalik 3 жыл бұрын

For those who didn't know, this is exactly how RAID 3, 4 and 5 disk arrays work, using 25% of the space to store parity data, and RAID 6 doubling the amount of parity data to be able to restore if two drives fail. Also, RAID 2 uses Hamming codes.

@fuseteam 3 жыл бұрын

@@1loshvitalik oh my that's-a interesting to know

@NStripleseven 3 жыл бұрын

Well, that's cool.

@kaitlyn__L Жыл бұрын

That last sentence is exactly why ZFS is still only used on servers, the overhead is too high to use on a desktop system. Plenty of people have tried, usually with ZFSonLinux, but they usually have to add a lot more RAM, or disable most of the features which make ZFS useful (rendering the exercise pointless).

@Crazytesseract 2 ай бұрын

Are you talking about binary BCH codes?

@animowany111 3 жыл бұрын

Simultaneous 3b1b and Ben Eater uploads!? I love this

@rayauxey 3 жыл бұрын

Both about the same thing

@kamelfakih8340 3 жыл бұрын

this is cool

@phiwatec2576 3 жыл бұрын

I wonder whether they did this on purpose or if it's just coincidence..🤔 Edit: Just watch 0:42 where he's talking about iz

@alef-0 3 жыл бұрын

I've received the three notifications at the same time, and was wondering if it was really coincidence.

@AayushSingh 3 жыл бұрын

I came here from 3B1B's video, watched this video, subscribed to this channel and binged watched an entire playlist of building a computer based on 65c02 microprocessor; At the end of the 9th video Ben said "You know how to make youtube tell you if I release another video for the continued work'"; and hearing that, I clicked the notifications icon on his channel. Commendable job Ben! Extremely impressed by the patience you observe while explaining even the hardest concepts. I used to be a bit scared of understanding electronics, leave aside understanding a computer to its machine code. But today, I understood each and every topic of the 5 hours of content I saw. Thank you.

@n2n8sda 3 жыл бұрын

Always excited when I see you have dropped a new video. I have spent most of my career involved with design and programming of standalone control systems which often were coded in assembly so i'm very familiar with what you are doing yet you still make it entertaining and fun for people who are very familiar and even those that are new to it all, a real talent.

@omniyambot9876 3 жыл бұрын

Wow respect sir!!

@omniyambot9876 3 жыл бұрын

Whats is your advice? I want to go electronics engineering but for some reason I'm also into compsci

@alexisraels1437 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much for your videos. Can't explain enough how excited I am to go through every project/kit you've done!

@Mayank-mf7xr 3 жыл бұрын

3b1b and ben eater both upload videos on hamming codes at exact same time. this cannot be a coincidence. ben eater IS 3b1b ( Grant Sanderson )

@igNights77 3 жыл бұрын

Debunked, they've been seen together: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/nrF0YM9z18DDd5s.html

@Mayank-mf7xr 3 жыл бұрын

@@igNights77 ever heard of editing?

@NStripleseven 3 жыл бұрын

Ooo

@peterlinddk 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent explanation and demonstration of Hamming codes! I really love the use of color, like different colors for the parity and data lines on the diagram, and different colors LEDs for data, parity and error! And the mask showing which LEDs were involved in each parity-check was simply amazing! Very inspiring teaching-style!

@gudenau 3 жыл бұрын

I never understood this before today. You make some amazing content, keep up the good work.

@capability-snob 3 жыл бұрын

Great to see you going into depth on the Parroty Bits shown in your VGA video. 🦜

@frankjones4550 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you for your channel. You bring back fond memories and some cold sweats from the early 1980’s building 8080 computers from scratch that controlled motors and sensors.

@minikretz1 3 жыл бұрын

Glad to see you doing such great work with other youtubers!

@8BitShadow 3 жыл бұрын

The best way I remember how parity (or at least hamming 7,4) bits work is: Parity 1 reads 1, skips 1, reads 1, e.t.c., including itself. For each parity bit, double the amount of reads and skips. The errored bit is either the total of each wrong parity minus one (for a 'human friendly' explanation) or the binary number represented by the parity bits. Single bit error correction, multi-bit error detection.

@DarkLordFriggs 3 жыл бұрын

This is honestly one of your best videos! I love the collaboration with my other favorite channel too! I had no idea you were friends, so cool!

@WardL 3 жыл бұрын

Ben, I really enjoy your amazing videos. They really help me in understanding computers and electronics. You can explain everything in such a way that anyone can understand it. Keep up the good work and before you know you are at a million subscribers. Thanks for you amazing contant.

@mastex5575 3 жыл бұрын

i watched your CRC video a few weeks ago and then i got stand up maths video with the chessboard recommended so i watched that after that there was 3Blue1Brown coming full circle back to you

@Tranbarsjuice 3 жыл бұрын

Great video! Very good explanation of Hamming correction code. Actually building the circuit makes for great intuitive understanding.

@proxy1035 3 жыл бұрын

I'm half-watching the video, pausing, thinking about how it could work, then building that in a logic simulator and then unpausing to see if i got it right this was amazing and blew my mind

@ShahHarsh1999 3 жыл бұрын

Hats off to sir, You are sharing much powerful information about processor and controller in deeply...... Thank you so much for all sir. Lots of Love from India 🇮🇳

@aaron41 3 жыл бұрын

😂😂 Friend, I think you mean: "Hats off". "Heads off" is something the french say to royalty as they lead them to the guillotine.

@dnk8315 3 жыл бұрын

@@aaron41 TF lol

@techmad8204 3 жыл бұрын

@@aaron41 😂😂 I fucking laughed so much

@nagualdesign 3 жыл бұрын

@@aaron41 _*led_ 😉

@ShahHarsh1999 3 жыл бұрын

@@aaron41 oh ya, Thanks 😅👍.. it's my typo mistake ...

@adityasonavane2168 3 жыл бұрын

Can't hope for any better Collab from two of my favourite youtubers!

@benjaminwilkin2960 3 жыл бұрын

I had some interest in your channel, but now that I'm taking computer organization, your channel is going to be one of the most solid resources out there for understanding this stuff. I just had to spend half an hour trying to understand hamming codes. Thanks! Also please don't eat me.

@ihatethesensors 3 жыл бұрын

Another great video! Thanks Ben.

@malgailany 3 жыл бұрын

Very nice, informative, and clever implementation. Thanks.

@mbarrio 3 жыл бұрын

Very good explanation, concise. Thanks!

@Yaxqb 2 жыл бұрын

Very refreshing to see a full on hardware implementation of hamming. In school I was teached that hamming codes are coordinates in a bit hyperspace, and that if we get an undefined codeword on the line, we can just pick the "closest" word instead. If there is a tie, then we have detected but not corrected the error

@iamalexkempton 3 жыл бұрын

This trilogy of videos was the brain food I so badly needed. Thank you.

@tonybell1597 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent Ben, thank you...

@alexwang007 3 жыл бұрын

NO WAY I was asking/pleading for this on your previous video!

@soulrobotics 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent work!! In psychology, to get a knowledge that last for ever, you need a sensorial impact. The way you reproduce the logic of the error correction is clever an produce an impact. This concept will last for ever thanks to your way of explaining logic. You should receive the Spock golden prize...

@Buoy2 3 жыл бұрын

22:26 beautiful demonstration

@calebm5656 3 жыл бұрын

Very cool! Cheers, Ben!

@BlokeOzzie 3 жыл бұрын

I'm a veterinarian. I started out in computing, but it just got too heavy for me. Love watching your videos. Almost makes me wish I stuck with computing as my career instead.

@luxraider5384 Жыл бұрын

wow, i remember thinking two years ago: let's dump everything and become a veterinarian, but i quickly realised that i would be bored to hell

@andym975 3 жыл бұрын

A good review of Hamming (7,4) and (8,4). Great video!

@iuppiterzeus9663 Жыл бұрын

this was such a great explanation

@pkcubed2783 3 жыл бұрын

I always learn something from every video.

@AungWinHtutGH 2 жыл бұрын

Your videos are the real university for me

@garydunken7934 3 жыл бұрын

Cool!! I'm actually subscribed to both channels.

@Talaxianer 3 жыл бұрын

No matter how beneath you are, he is Ben Eater

@johansugarev 2 жыл бұрын

Had to stop and comment. I know just barely enough to understand what is being explained. I’m blown away by how clever this logic is. Not an engineer but have to admire brilliance when I see it.

@zinoarivinov739 3 жыл бұрын

Let's Just appreciate the hard work that Ben eater do for us , hats off for this great man 💪🏻👌🏻

@py-tunes-studio 3 жыл бұрын

Love your work mate.

@SupernovaSpence 3 жыл бұрын

What's funny about the timing of this video? I just had a block failure on my ssd and am currently running chkdsk /r to fix... First time I've ever had this before. Ben, your timing is impeccable.

@crudybagger 3 жыл бұрын

Ben Eater + 3blue1brown = super awesome 🔥🔥

@usgbitJS 3 жыл бұрын

Nice! I did a bachelor’s thesis on FPGA implementation of Iwadari code codec - these are able to correct error bursts by basically introducing a checksum bit after every few bits. I had 16 bit burst correction (provided another error burst did not occur for another 1600). There was a 1 check bit every 4 data bits, and the checksum shift register was 267 bits long. Quite a monster. Did not get to the practical realization, but simulated pretty well.

@timehunter9467 3 жыл бұрын

Thank god for PCBs, electronics would still take up entire rooms like they used to. These breadboards really put the size difference into perspective!

@coxsj 3 жыл бұрын

Way cool. You rock Ben!

@duicenasty1078 3 жыл бұрын

Been watching your vids for about two weeks and enjoyed them. Then i saw your face and thought i know this bloke sure i have met you. If I'm right i live just down the road from your brother (:

@williamsquires3070 3 жыл бұрын

It should also be noted that you can take two more XOR gates and wire them up to the three outputs (yellow LEDs) on the bottom board, and wire the output of that to another LED. That will then tell us if the problem is a parity-bit error (odd # of yellow LEDs on), or a data-bit error (even # of yellow LEDs on)! 😊

@Twisted_Code 2 жыл бұрын

my first impression of this channel: You seem like the kind of hardware geek (note that's a compliment coming from me) I might've been, or at least been very good friends with, had I not become paralyzed at the end of 2013. While I was always more familiar with software, in all its abstracted-to-death safety (Love you anyway, Python!), I was uncertain enough about which way I want to go that I had recently invested in a breadboard and a few basic and/or/not logic gate ICs. so it's hard to say...

@alistaw1866 2 жыл бұрын

TRCI L2 GTR STHB university Algeria, when i first knew about error correction and message transfers. Great video.

@mrow6603 3 жыл бұрын

I finally found someone who does this kinda stuff on KZfaq!

@damjantasevski5769 3 жыл бұрын

We need more of these colabs

@DianaBell_MG 3 жыл бұрын

well, now I know what ECC ram is so damn expensive

@KDSBestGameDev 3 жыл бұрын

the circuit might become too big, but your current implementation is also able to detect errors in the parry bit. As long as it is just one error. Thanks for knowledge :). Keep up the good work!

@martinherbert699 3 жыл бұрын

Another great video Ben. Not sure where it came from, but very informative. Does this mean the 6502 project is finished? Or are you still working on that? I was looking forward to adding inputs and making a game which I think you mentioned previously. Or will this tie into that series somehow since you mentioned a software imitation?

@ehjones 3 жыл бұрын

Is 'Be nEater' an instruction to your viewers? If it is, you're a good example.

@RogerMenzi 3 жыл бұрын

@bob dash :-)

@NStripleseven 3 жыл бұрын

B-inator

@aonodensetsu 3 жыл бұрын

@bob dash or be neater

@KhoaNguyen-sk8oy 3 жыл бұрын

Just one word: brilliant!

@INVISEBOMB7000 3 жыл бұрын

I just started a Digital Circuits class in college, so I get this a little more.

@LegendaryFartMaster Жыл бұрын

22:26 to 22:43 If that doesn't sell you on this scheme, i don't know what will. Absolutely beautiful!!

@kiisofttech618 2 жыл бұрын

Your video are best to understand

@prsephton 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you Ben!

@45shfifty 3 жыл бұрын

Love the use of a spudger as a pointer

@henkeboy1317 3 жыл бұрын

Love your videos👍

@lightwaves1859 3 жыл бұрын

amazing! you're basically using parity groups to conduct a kind of binary search for the erronous bit!

@hurgle3197 3 жыл бұрын

Wow i never expected this crossover

@nilp0inter2 3 жыл бұрын

You both are spoiling us!

@eldattackkrossa9886 3 жыл бұрын

what a great crossover

@willyeverlearn7052 Жыл бұрын

Where were you 40 years ago when I was first learning this stuff. "Just Memorize It" was the mantra from my teachers.....

@rogerdearman 3 жыл бұрын

Oh Ben. I love your content. I've watched your entire series for building a computer on bread boards and your "hello world"too. This is the first time I've not been able to enjoy one of your videos as I'm red\green colour blind :( Please may I respectfully request you use either red\blue or blue\ green pairings, if using to differentiate

@dx3910 3 жыл бұрын

A bit late here, but can you not use video shaders? Android accessibility settings usually include color blind tone remapping as an OS feature. I'm fairly certain Windows 10 has this built in now too. Worst case, you might try downloading content you can't see correctly and watching it with VLC or any other video player that supports shaders.

@rogerdearman 3 жыл бұрын

@@dx3910 interesting. This is certainly worth trying, just got curiosity sake. Tbh though, I watched the video anyway as even though the two colours look exactly the same to my eyes, the position and layout isn't effected by my visual impairment (it's the same reason I can deal with traffic lights in the daytime). I was just about to say that this is a huge effort to make and would require nerd-level technical ability, before I remembered that I've consumed hours of Ben's content involving low-level, on-the-fly programming of microprocessors :) It was more of a joking way of bringing the issue to light, so in the future it could be considered when choosing led colours for differentiating information

@dinofirechief40 3 жыл бұрын

Double teaming Hamming codes with 3B1B has got me more excited than I probably should be. Time to make popcorn.

@widenyourconscious2663 3 жыл бұрын

You're doing a great job.

@kompaac 3 жыл бұрын

Nice explanation, thanks! BTW they should really make a dual quad-input XOR gate as a general purpose 74xx IC!

@ianmathwiz7 3 жыл бұрын

I remember back when you discussed CRC, one of the ways you described it was as a generalization of parity checks. It kind of makes me wonder if you could apply similar logic as the Hamming codes to come up with a CRC-based error correction code that could correct some multi-bit errors.

@Holobrine 3 жыл бұрын

26:52 I love this so much, that is extremely satisfying

@broyojo 3 жыл бұрын

Ben Eater = 3blue1brown ????? hmmmm

@omniyambot9876 3 жыл бұрын

Yeah and they have similar voice

@byronwatkins2565 3 жыл бұрын

His Asian doppelganger...

@byronwatkins2565 3 жыл бұрын

@Fred G. Oops. I was thinking of red pen blue pen...

@AmeshaSpentaArmaiti 3 жыл бұрын

xor(Ben Eater, 3blue1brown) == 0

@jumilifyify 3 жыл бұрын

Eli Eli Lema [xor(Ben Eater, 3blue1brown) == 0] => [Ben Eater == 3blue1brown] aha! I knew it!

@Brandon-youtube 3 жыл бұрын

I have a degree in Computer Engineering and this was literally one of the things that blew my mind when first introduced to me. I think it went something like "the odds of a transistor being flipped by random electrons is minuscule, but with billions of transistors, we need to design for minuscule" very cool design

@felixbrandau4751 3 жыл бұрын

Love these videos

@orlandoarriaga7148 3 жыл бұрын

🤩wow I could learn more about this

@kylebowles9820 3 жыл бұрын

Oh shit I might actually have the hardware for this! Fun!

@sickie1961 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent

@kolyra 3 жыл бұрын

Great video

@SkigBiggler 3 жыл бұрын

Great video. Would love to know how you make the wires for your breadboard connections. Seems like it'd be time consuming

@teknoman117 3 жыл бұрын

I too find the plastic pokey thing from the iFixit kit a useful tool for flipping DIP switches.

@hardiksarraf1221 2 жыл бұрын

thank you😊

@F0RM4T 3 жыл бұрын

How does this legend of a youtuber monetise his videos with all this swearing?

@thisnicklldo 3 жыл бұрын

Brilliant. Clear and informative as ever. I haven't watched 3b1b yet, but I fear he's going to make it harder, in a desperate search for an alternative and new way of looking at it, he usually does - but maybe this time will be different.

@sdavis841 3 жыл бұрын

Ben amazing videos, I have a question, do you do any freelance work?

@Uvisir 3 жыл бұрын

what a nice device this is! This and other stuff like this also should be kits :D

@saverussnape 3 жыл бұрын

Grant and Ben brought back the magic.

@spacenoodles5570 3 жыл бұрын

3b1b and Ben eater collab? Is this a dream

@pv2b 3 жыл бұрын

On the error corrector board there was an extra xor gate left over on each chip. Those could have been used as inverters by setting one of the inputs high, and you wouldn't have needed the hex inverter! :)

@adijorio 3 жыл бұрын

Ben great video, thank you. Question. Your thoughts on how often digital communications suffer from errors of this sort?

@SimonBuchanNz 3 жыл бұрын

Actually a lot higher than you would think, since the goal is to transmit as fast as possible. Numbers tend to look like bits per million for copper or less than 10e-14 for fiber - about 1 per 100 megabytes.