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Geothermal energy is heat that comes from the earth's subsurface. It is contained in the rocks and fluids beneath the Earth's crust and can be found even in the Earth's hot molten rock, magma.
To produce energy from geothermal energy, wells are dug in 1.6 km deep underground reservoirs to access steam and hot water, which can be used to drive turbines connected to electricity generators. There are three types of geothermal power plants; dry steam, flash and binary.
Dry steam is the oldest form of geothermal technology and takes steam from the ground and uses it to directly drive a turbine. Flash plants use high-pressure hot water into cold, low-pressure water, while binary plants pass hot water through a secondary liquid with a lower boiling point, which turns into steam to drive the turbine.
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