What Is The Best 4WD System?

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Who Has The Best 4WD? What Is The Best 4WD Vehicle?
What Is The Best AWD System? • What Is The Best AWD S...
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Who makes the best 4WD system is certainly up for debate, but what is the best 4WD system? That question seems like it should have a realistic answer based on physics. The best 4WD system, in my opinion, is the system that gives you the least likelihood of getting stuck. In nerd-speak, it's able to put down the greatest percentage of available torque.
So how do you put down the greatest amount of torque? Well that requires a clever 4WD system, that's able to change based on conditions. One such change vital for off-roading is the ability to lock up differentials. What's the difference between an open and a locked differential? An open differential allows for uneven wheel speeds, but always maintains equal torque. A locked differential does the opposite, locking wheel speed together, but allowing for unequal torque distribution. Torque is sent where grip allows for the torque to be sent. Check out the video for full details, as well as examples of vehicles which I would consider have the best 4WD systems.
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@EngineeringExplained 6 жыл бұрын

IMPORTANT NOTE: Vehicles like the Mercedes G-Class blur the lines between what is “technically” 4WD vs AWD. Today, to call something 4WD traditionally means it has a transfer case and can switch from 2WD to 4WD, as well as having a low speed range within the transfer case. While the G Wagon does not have the ability for 2WD, it does have a hi/low speed transfer case, as well as lockers front/rear/center. For these reasons I’ve included it in this discussion, since like the Jeep Wrangler and Ram Power Wagon, it is designed with offload capability in mind. Like the Jeep and Ram, the center lock in the G-Wagon should not be used on road, since it will cause binding (assuming the road isn’t covered in snow, ice, etc). For what it’s worth, Mercedes currently refers to this system as “Permanent AWD with 2-speed transfer case.” The same terminology is used for the more serious G550 4x4 with portal axles, a machine clearly built for off-road use.That said, according to MotorTrend, in the 90’s Mercedes referred to the E-Class with 4Matic as 4WD, not AWD like it is called today. It’s important to know that ultimately these terms are founded as marketing differentiators rather than technical differentiators to explain how the 4WD system works. At the most basic level, 4WD simply means all four wheels receive torque. If you’re interested in more detail, below are a bunch of related videos. :) Best AWD System - kzfaq.info/get/bejne/itWkpbiG2r-zfWg.html AWD - kzfaq.info/get/bejne/i7Jpf9CFmMzekoU.html 4WD - kzfaq.info/get/bejne/kLRmq6uUnLTeXXk.html Transfer Case - kzfaq.info/get/bejne/gZehnZuVrbrRgGg.html Torsen LSD - kzfaq.info/get/bejne/rc-hZLWcmt3VlKc.html Viscous LSD - kzfaq.info/get/bejne/rZiShcVinNCuYYk.html Clutch Type LSD - kzfaq.info/get/bejne/q9Cjq9RqvKjQnIk.html Torque Vectoring Differential - kzfaq.info/get/bejne/p92neb1yx7-rh2Q.html Differentials: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/ftxgnbx1vNaUinU.html Open vs. Locked Diff: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/nd16eLho1Z-5YoU.html Open vs. Locked Diff Part 2: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/la5_lJOSt8C9oKs.html Multi-plate Clutch: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/ibemecplvMjIimg.html

@michaelm6574 6 жыл бұрын

By your definition (all four wheels having torque) than the best 4wd has to go to an electric car.

@johnnyhupf7110 6 жыл бұрын

Curious as to the AWD system dodge uses. It appears as if its an automatic 4x4 that works in conjunction with the ABS sensors with a lock overide to make it 4x4.

@geoffmooregm 6 жыл бұрын

Engineering Explained as far as I know the Toyota Sequoia is the only vehicles that offers 2WD, 4WD open (with torsen center diff) high/low and 4WD locked high/low. Can anyone think of any others? The Landcruiser only has 4WD open or locked like the Merc. Only the Landcruiser has front and rear diff lockers in the Toyota lineup. Most vehicles that have "auto" 4WD use a clutch pack to send power to the front as needed. But it is a reactive system.

@PatrickRich 6 жыл бұрын

I personally think this "AWD vs 4WD" is marketing nonsense. if it drives 4 wheels, its 4 wheel drive. Why differentiate other than to placate arbitrary marketing terms? I think instead we should differentiate between 4wd types of which there are 3 - Part time, Full time and on demand. solves this whole mess.

@PatrickRich 6 жыл бұрын

assuming it has a motor for each wheel and not just 2 motors with a differential. even then each electric motor would have to be able to output the entire power of the whole to be equal to a fully locked 4wd which can send 100% of total available engine torque to one wheel.

@callMeAMug 6 жыл бұрын

A question.. how many G-Wagon owners actually use their G-Wagons for off road?

@forrest225 6 жыл бұрын

Not many people offroad new jeeps either, or race new supercars, or rally new subarus.

@PatrickRich 6 жыл бұрын

All expensive off roaders are 3rd owner toys. This is nothing new. Who's off roading a new land cruiser, or range rover? Very few. Its the 2nd and 3rd owners. Fine by me, Im happy to have someone else pay for depreciation on only use them on the road. Makes them cheap and well maintained by the time they come to me.

@Shakshuka69 6 жыл бұрын

About as many as AR-15 owners that go on killing sprees

@GustavMeyrink 6 жыл бұрын

44 owners definitely use theirs off road but since these are armed forces they account for thousands of G Wagen, the German army alone has over 12000 of them.

@Eternal_Hoop 6 жыл бұрын

They like to use them for speed bumps

@nemo4evr 6 жыл бұрын

As a former and proud owner of a 1976 Toyota land cruiser, I can tell you that the best 4WD is the one that does not breakdown in the middle of nowhere, and is easy to fix. You have the best simple explanations out there, and we are very grateful for it. Do you remember another beast from Mercedes called the " Unimog "? Cheers from Canada.

@dylanashley799 4 жыл бұрын

nemo4evr unimog axels are monsters

@rickeystovall7547 4 жыл бұрын

That sounds about right !

@theroyalcrownedtiger2946 3 жыл бұрын

I have seen Subaru awd outperform the others, including the overglorified toyota and honda. I had seen the video a while ago but still remember it clearly, the wet slope test, Subaru beat them both each and every time with ease, the other 2 failed the test. Also I have been in the Subaru STI and even in thick heavy snow it grips and powers through like there is nothing on the road at all, and rides like it's on rails, even on slippery surfaces such as rain, slush, snow.

@theroyalcrownedtiger2946 3 жыл бұрын

Best awd is only partially determined by not breaking and easy to service, what matters even more is awd that actually works in such way that it's like driving on dry road, even when its wet, and making driving easy, even in the toughest conditions, such as thick and heavy snow. I have seen it, both the CRV and Rav 4 stuck in the snow.

@ACERASPIRE1 3 жыл бұрын

Hmmm, Nomo4evr, I understand your claim, but, when all you do it take the kids to school and occasionally do an off-road day in your 4x4 its quite reasonable to trade some of the rugged durability for some refinement and technology.

@garnetcampbell4389 6 жыл бұрын

Manual locking hubs and manual shifting transfer case that does not require wires or hoses that will work every time is a must in my book.

@kurtishelgesen 5 ай бұрын

On a G the hubs are actually always locked. Can’t break them when there’s nothing to lock or unlock.

@MyPandaRawrs 6 жыл бұрын

the fast and furious part almost made me choke on my cereal lol

@lenrocoraf3709 6 жыл бұрын

Rocky Hahaaha ,me too!!!

@johnd5805 6 жыл бұрын

Y'all eat cereal? Too much sugar.

@mitchellsteindler 6 жыл бұрын

Yep I chocked on some pasta which was worth it for that joke

@johnd5805 6 жыл бұрын

Yea I hear ya. I was joking too.

@ParityError0110 6 жыл бұрын

I would love to hear Jason discuss everything he thinks is wrong with all the Fast and Furious movies. It looks like CinemaSins has already done that, but I'd enjoy hearing Jason talk about it.

@ec6933 6 жыл бұрын

Man i think this channel has stayed the same more or less but SERIOUSLY upped the GAME on subject matter lately!!! Thanks sir this is becoming my new fav channel!!!

@EngineeringExplained 6 жыл бұрын

Happy to hear it, thanks for watching!!

@glenjamindle 6 жыл бұрын

Yea, and have you seen some of the animations he uses? Just amazing. Remember the kid in his bedroom a few years ago? Hahaha

@vishalanime 6 жыл бұрын

Watching EE grow through the years. _/\_

@1001speedster 6 жыл бұрын

Here's the thing... This has always been my FAVOURITE CHANNEL!

@KILLER_BEAN_UNLEASHED_FOREVER 5 жыл бұрын

@@glenjamindle 😀😁😂👌👍

@Shakshuka69 6 жыл бұрын

Also, just about everything you find in that G Wagon system can be found in a $2000 Mitsubishi Montero/Pajero from 25 years ago.

@monexchannel9827 4 жыл бұрын

Pajero, the king of the desert! Unbeatable Dakar Rally record holder.

@zihanli140 3 жыл бұрын

full time 4wd+part time 4wd=super select 4wd

@user-gv7st5xk6s 3 жыл бұрын

Not the greatest engines, but very good 4wd system!

@martinsvensson6884 3 жыл бұрын

No. It had no front locker fx. And you couldnt choose everything freely. It was certain set mechanical modes with a lever. Also it of course lacks the G-wagens regular traction control and ESP system that all modern cars have today in one way or another.

@brandonrodriguez748 4 жыл бұрын

For someone who is interested in buying a 4x4 all this talk about differentials and locks and different types of drive trains you break it down into detail and direct thank you very much! Looking forward to seeing more of your videos!

@Chris-cy3uq 6 жыл бұрын

What if all 4 wheels are stuck? *spare tire intensifies*

@thefailingstudent 6 жыл бұрын

deflate the tires to 15 psi and try again, or traction mats. Not a new question for offroaders.

@u9Nails 6 жыл бұрын

Spool out the winch! (I'm trying to say that in my most heroic voice)

@hewlett260 6 жыл бұрын

If all four tires are stuck then you either need to A) document this location for me to go have some fun at in my Jeep or B) change the driver because they may not be very good at what they were attempting

@theflipflopfabshop 6 жыл бұрын

Chris 5112003 well if all four tires were stuck this probably means you weren’t driving a toyota

@lordbry470 6 жыл бұрын

LMAO at hewlett260. this is pretty true, our problem was fixed during this one day tour on Renno by simply switchin the driver.

@SouthMainAuto 6 жыл бұрын

Sure is hard to beat gear to gear transfer case and high pinion locking solid axles :)

@jakeaustin9894 6 жыл бұрын

Oh look! Eric O. is in the house!

@ghost-jesus 5 жыл бұрын

NP205 and NP203 are best transfer cases for their particular applications

@ghost-jesus 5 жыл бұрын

@Rusty Climber you didn't read the for their applications part clearly, a 203 is awesome in a pickup because you usually don't even have use the locked position and you can pull a load around a muddy field then pull out on the highway generally without shifting a lever and unlocking the hubs or backing up 3 car lengths or whatever 4wd disengage action the particular truck would use, plus as long as some dumbass hasn't done a part-time conversion on it it's stronger than the rest of the powertrain, the 205 is obviously good since its literally bombproof in general, both cases will tear the driveshafts or axles apart before the case will give if taken care of, on top of that the low range is made up for by having a larger, lower revving engine and usually a 6-7:1 first gear a Dana 300 is excellent in a jeep application because the transmission only has 3-4:1first gear and the t-case compensates by having a deeper low gear, the extra strength of the np203 and 205 cases aren't needed since the vehicle will never be loaded enough to use it and with the small engines the added weight could be detrimental to performance, not an issue on a truck with a large engine easily capable of carrying the case.

@rxonmymind8362 5 жыл бұрын

@@ghost-jesus Yeah! What he ^^^ said! Take THAT! 😁

@jjjsmith2497 5 жыл бұрын

I thought I saw that logo and said...wait:0

@SickFlicksTrick 6 жыл бұрын

This is great, thanks for explaining it all so simply. When I first got into off roading this was pretty hard to get my head around, if I had a video like this to watch it would have saved me a lot of Googling and head scratching staring at diagrams.

@4LO4LO 3 жыл бұрын

My Cherokee had the following modes: 2WD, locked center diff (part-time 4WD), and a viscous coupling center diff (full-time 4WD), and limited slip front and rear diffs. This viscous coupling setting ("full-time" 4WD) was awesome on icy roads, because you could safely leave it on without breaking traction every time you made a turn, but you still got good traction when some of the wheels were on ice. It did really well when there were repeated transitions from/to ice & dry pavement. It was better for mud than my wrangler Rubicon, partly because of this system, but mostly because of the lower weight.

@GUYANESEGT 6 жыл бұрын

you only wanted to impress the ladies with that dumbbell :-P

@getbusylivenordien5394 6 жыл бұрын

I laughed at the dumbbell as I really knew the guy does not know how a locked Diff works lol This guy knows enough to talk and sound smart and not enough to sound like he has actually even driven a 4x4 to know how they work

@quackman 6 жыл бұрын

^ What was wrong about what he said in the video?

@nc3826 6 жыл бұрын

Ignore the brainless troll

@arayleche3468 6 жыл бұрын

Get busy Live'n or Die'n, "I laughed at the dumbbell as I really knew the guy does not know how a locked Diff works" HAHAHA you are the one who does not understand what a locked differential really work. Are you just an Automotive mechanic? Don't give your comment unless you are a Professional Mechanical Engineer 'coz only Professional Mechanical Engineers do the designing thing. Mechanics only maintain what the Mechanical Engineers design, unless you are a Mechanic who have great intelligence in mechanical designing, but then that makes you again in the level of Mechanical Design Engineers doesn't it? The guy here is correct about the dumbbell sample, and I wouldn't argue with that. If you don't agree with me, then that is your technical weakness and that is your problem.

@NovaScotiaKevin 5 жыл бұрын

@@arayleche3468 Careful going around boosting professional engineers. They arent too well respected in circles outside their own. Id also be careful saying mechanics are at a different intelligence level then engineers, its often the mechanics who have to work around the whacked out engineers designs.

@danieljensen2626 6 жыл бұрын

I'm curious why we haven't seen any major electric vehicles aimed at off-roading, since their low end torque seems pretty ideal, and for the type that has a motor in each wheel you can do torque vectoring like this as long as you can control power distribution to each motor separately.

@-._._._-_._._.- 6 жыл бұрын

Battery life and reliability. Most people that build off road trucks want to be able to go out for at least a weekend, some longer. As for races, they get really long, and the batteries needed would be too heavy. They already have electric dirt bikes though, so its probably going to happen eventually.

@bliesberg 6 жыл бұрын

Electric vehicles are a lot less convenient, It's easy to get a spare jerry can from someone (or bring your own) out on a trail, but I doubt anyone is carrying around a charging station you can plug into for a few hours.

@danieljensen2626 6 жыл бұрын

Yeah, I'm not necessarily talking about something to compete with people who build their own stuff or for racing, just like a mass produced electric SUV that's less like a minivan and more like a Jeep or a truck.

@sun_dreaming 6 жыл бұрын

They're coming my friend. Check out the Bollinger B1

@bliesberg 6 жыл бұрын

He was talking about a full electric vehicle though.

@ChristopherGaul 6 жыл бұрын

Good video, and I'm glad you referenced your AWD video in it so that people can see the difference. It would be nice to see a discussion of other systems and hybrid 4WD/AWD systems. I would also mention that a nice addendum to this video would be one covering the types of locking differentials and hybrid lockers like the GM G80 which give the driver the best of both worlds.

@pauloleary9464 4 жыл бұрын

These videos are super helpful. Thank you for putting these together. In our house, we're consolidating cars since we live in a city now and don't really need two. Unfortunately it means my BRZ has to go. Fortunately, it means I get to pick what we get next. Maybe a new Bronco? Now I get to learn about the wonderful world of SUVs, 4WD systems, and everything that comes with it!

@hansbro21 6 жыл бұрын

What Jason owns a dumbbell? Perfect condition never used :)

@vegasxventures 6 жыл бұрын

The Quadra Drive II system in my Jeep Commander has the only limitation of tires that cannot grip.

@robertperciballi3357 4 жыл бұрын

Same for my 5.7 Commander lol

@kelvinstrickland7442 3 жыл бұрын

My 2002 jeep Grand Cherokee Laredo 4×4 has high and low and it cant get stuck with the 4 inch lift and 33 inch × 12.50 tires R17 rims and the 4.0 l6 engine which is Bullet Proof Will go through anything And over just about anything And done correctly cost a lot of money but like I wrote it wont get stuck so this is the best System By Far.He didn't say which was best so I did lol

@AdilKhan-sh9fv 4 жыл бұрын

this channel is quickly becoming my favourite. Thanks for the ELI5 type videos, newbie offroader here.

@zamboni68 5 жыл бұрын

And the ZR2 featured in your promo video. Transfer case is _____? Has locking front and rear differentials. Awesome vid!,

@angelsordevils 6 жыл бұрын

Dumbbell explanation was brilliant. Thank you for all the great content.

@siveti15 3 жыл бұрын

6:11 for fast n furious joke

@laminarflow51 6 жыл бұрын

The Eaton G80 automatic locking rear differentials on the Z71's are pretty slick. It uses centrifugal fly weights that lock the rear diff when one wheel spins too much faster than the other. I never need to manually lock or unlock the differential.

@kennethstanley9400 6 жыл бұрын

I always catch your videos because instead of just showing a DIY repair, you explain what is going on which gives me more in depth understanding. Good job!

@EngineeringExplained 6 жыл бұрын

Happy to hear it, thanks for watching!

@BatmanRZ 3 жыл бұрын

so basically, he doesnt actually tell you the best one

@fouellet1701 3 жыл бұрын

There is no "best" system as it depends on what you need it for! This is why most manufacturers offer systems that are highly computerized in order to control what the wheels do according to the situation. The original Jeep concept with a 2-speed transfer case evolved into a variety of sophistication including central differentials and power transfer units that can be programmed. For off-road usage the simple full-time all wheel drive with transfer case is the most effective, especially if you have locking differentials.

@BrokeWrench 3 жыл бұрын

@@fouellet1701 for serious offroaders a simple 4x4 with low range and locked axles is most capable. The ability to unlock them is appreciated only because binding while turning can cause damage and reduce maneuverability and sometimes keeping traction on 1 wheel can be helpful to avoid sliding on a slope

@kg0173 3 жыл бұрын

Part time, simple, robust.

@MuscleCarLover 6 жыл бұрын

Bonus points for the jab at Fast & Furious, that was a good laugh

@georgeserrano8354 5 жыл бұрын

Thank you for your comprehensive explanation. I always wondered about the differences and could never get an accurate explanation. Understanding that different manufacturers approached with their version made it very confusing for me ti even pose my questions properly.

@chengteh 3 жыл бұрын

I've always wondered what all the differential modes on the G-Wagon did...I don't really have any experience with off-road driving, so this was a great explanation! Thanks for sharing!

@jonathan643 6 жыл бұрын

Alot of EE lately! Which is good 👍

@raychat2816 6 жыл бұрын

Since going off road is in big part a sport, aka FUN for the driver ( presumably human, so able to experience fun ) the best off road system would be one where absolute control over which diff is open or closed at ALL TIMES is given to said human driver, as opposed to letting mentioned driver fight computers over control, ruining the FUN factor --> ESSENCE of going off road for most people, I'm sure self driving cars wouldn't mind having to deal with AI deciding what happens when ... as for people who simply don't know how to drive off road, it's just not your thing, there ARE people for whom it IS

@olliehopnoodle4628 6 жыл бұрын

That's what I did and it is a blast. I swapped in an Atlas transfer case and have air lockers on both axles. I went with the 2.0 case so my options are 2.0, 2.72, 5.44 and of course 1 to 1. They are twin stick so I can decide which axle gets power. I have a bunch of fun running sand washes in rear wheel only and 2 to 1 on the transfer case. And when I come up to a waterfall or rock garden I can attempt it in 2wd low if I want or progress up to 4wd, 4wd one axle locked or 4wd both axles locked. This can make even simpler obstacles a bit more fun. But I also wheel with folks who don't want to fuss with any of it and enjoy a higher level of automation.

@raychat2816 6 жыл бұрын

that looks like a sweet setup ;) , now don't get me wrong, the video does what it is supposed to do quite well, explaining engineering but sadly, this engineering prowess is driving the car industry into creating cars specifically for a single type of people ( those who most probably aren't car people and who might sue if a scratch happens ), and under that pretext, more and more control is taken away from the driver and given to AI, leaving enthusiasts with the only option to look into the glorious past for some genuine fun. Car executives today wouldn't find it unnatural to tell people who like horseback riding to ride a bike instead because it's the "same thing" only faster and newer, plus it's better as far as economy goes, after all a horse consumes energy even when not "in use" ... plus there's no way to change the built-in muffler.

@thefailingstudent 6 жыл бұрын

soo true man! i think many people forget driving is actually fun! people think its a chore now. One day i hope tesla makes a off road car. i want to see its ai drive off a cliff!

@tomcardale5596 6 жыл бұрын

Three, lockable automatic torque biasing (e.g. Torsen or Quaife) differentials. Or individual electric wheel motors.

@johnarcher9480 5 жыл бұрын

Jeep QuadraDrive (specifically QuadraDrive II before 2011) Automatically goes from open diffs (including transfer case) to limited slip, to locked. Thereby allowing it to be in 4WD at all times, even on dry pavement. But could fully lock 1 or both axles and the transfer case if needed, or just engage a Limited slip mode. Additionally, you could put the transfer case in low range which would also preemptively lick the transfer case as well. Open when best for open, limited when useful, locked when needed with no input from the driver other than NOT lifting if a wheel started to spin.

@stuartbaker3326 5 жыл бұрын

I agree. Even my 04 overland is hard to beat in general. The problem with lockers, is that they actually induce wheel slip at times. There are many times that a lsd will be the best overall traction. I prove it quit often.

@drummerdoingstuff5020 4 жыл бұрын

Sounds like a nightmare if it malfunctions

@KrisBendix 6 жыл бұрын

How about an electric drive for each wheel?

@wildbill23c 6 жыл бұрын

I think that's how the Toyota Rav4 AWD system works if I recall it had electric motors on the back wheels on their Hybrid AWD's, maybe even on the regular ones too, never really looked at one.

@alkiou3613 6 жыл бұрын

When electric off roaders become a thing this conversation will be much more interesting.

@TM-lw8wn 5 жыл бұрын

especially the water proofing aspects.

@gabiold 4 жыл бұрын

@@TM-lw8wn Sealing wiring and electronics is ten times easier than moving parts.

@braggland8451 3 жыл бұрын

Can’t say It’s the best considering I have not used all of them but the 4wd system I had on my hummer H3 was great. It went through everything I throw at it.

@khalid969 Жыл бұрын

I watched several videos on the subject, and many of the viewers over there said that the explanations were amazing, but I personally found them confusing. Only this video explained everything very clearly. I have no questions or queries. Thank you.

@loot7206 6 жыл бұрын

So use lockers off road...... explained

@TheLearthur 6 жыл бұрын

"fnf will make it happen" made my day

@gogamesgroup4424 6 жыл бұрын

That dumbbell example was really helpful. Thank you!

@chefrara 5 жыл бұрын

As always, a great video. Straight to the point. Adequate example/explanation. Thanks again!

@dickJohnsonpeter 5 жыл бұрын

This just made me wish I could afford lockers for my xj

@dylanashley799 4 жыл бұрын

𖥠 ꧁Æ♱ℍᴲᮄℜᴲⅅ꧂𖥠 same the open diff is it’s greatest downfall

@HEINZUNIMOG 6 жыл бұрын

the Mercedes Unimog hands-down the best drive system there is

@Martink9191 3 жыл бұрын

unimog benefit is only big tires and portal axles. Lock on all differentials are more common. But how many cars or trucks do you know, where the tyre presure controlled from cabin? Well russain Zil131 has it from factory.

@The_R-n-I_Guy 4 жыл бұрын

The dumbbell was a good explanation of the torque. I really never thought of it before but now I understand

@XxNoPantsxX 6 жыл бұрын

Hey there! Would love to see a video on opposed-piston engines (OPOC). The concept isn't new but is currently receiving an additional push from engineering communities

@djnazgra 6 жыл бұрын

Lada niva. Amen.

@Lymos524254 6 жыл бұрын

That car in off-road is like Jesus walking on water.

@marko3254 5 жыл бұрын

Nice thing is that they still build it, i have just bought a new one.Really good off road:)

@sergeantspeed5941 6 жыл бұрын

At about the :30 mark you said front middle and Center differential I think you meant to say front center and rear

@great0789 5 жыл бұрын

My truck (and many others) has a transfer case that can also be unlocked. When I put it into 4WD Auto mode... 4WD actually engages and the amount of power to the front wheels is variable from 2% on up. Giving it the advantage of an AWD car by not binding up the drivetrain when making sharp turns on dry pavement. It still keeps the 4HI and 4LOW features though. Locking the transfer case fully when in those modes. My truck has a rear locker but not a front locker. The Chevy Colorado ZR2 has a front locker. I just have the Z71.

@Renee1207 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you for this video! The dumbbell example was really helpful!

@agentsmith3608 6 жыл бұрын

Fast and furious is able to make it happen! Don't we know it! lol

@BikerTrashWolf 5 жыл бұрын

Best 4x4 system? FZJ80 land cruiser.

@street_legal_go_kart7356 4 жыл бұрын

Jeep :)

@jovandjukic5923 3 жыл бұрын

Subaru

@street_legal_go_kart7356 3 жыл бұрын

@@jovandjukic5923 ill put my jeep vs sube

@JasonGroup19 6 жыл бұрын

I have to note here that the 99 to 04 jeep grand Cherokee plus several trim levels of the 90s to early 2000s Cherokee have the NP242 transfer case which has a mechanical awd, rear wheel drive, 4hi locked and 4Lo locked. The 'full time' option is awd and will put 52% to the rear and 48% to the front but it does not lock the front and rear together as the part time setting does.

@jefferyscottweber 6 жыл бұрын

You posed the question "how do you get 3 wheels off the ground" and I have the answer to 3 or even 4. It happens all the time when we "turtle" or "hi center" where the weight of the vehicle is sitting on a rock as we teeter. In that situation I lock front and back (jeep for center is already locked) to try and catch enough tracking on one wheel to pull my self off (before I try a different line). If that doesn't work, we pull cable and winch enough to get tracking again.

@ZylonFPV 6 жыл бұрын

Electric cars with one motor per wheel would probably be the best four wheel system. 0 differentials required! Then all the power can go to the wheel with the most traction and steering wouldn’t be affected since the wheels wouldn’t be locked together. A computer can calculate the steering angle and apply appropriate power to each wheel. Crapper 4wd systems use brakes to slow down spinning wheels which this system wouldn’t need.

@forrest225 6 жыл бұрын

Not necessarily. If you have one motor per wheel, you can only send 25% of the vehicle's torque to that wheel. If you have a vehicle with a single electric motor or engine and a conventional locking 4WD system, you can send 100% of the vehicle's torque to a single wheel.

@PatrickRich 6 жыл бұрын

bingo

@ZylonFPV 6 жыл бұрын

Not necessarily, often in electric vehicles the battery is the limiting factor. So each motor might be able to produce close to full torque

@animefreak5757 6 жыл бұрын

why would they build the motor's almost 4 times bigger then necessary? If the battery is the limiting factor, they'd simply use a smaller, cheaper motor

@DevasionX 6 жыл бұрын

>Wheel slippage, heat, low speed operation, repeated high torque/load demands would deplete a power source in no time. Plus not be able to give more than 25% of the total power of the vehicle to one wheel. Subaru's Symmetrical AWD system always shits on it.

@alexmoore5970 6 жыл бұрын

Jason didn't you make one of these videos about 2yrs ago?

@Lebberg 6 жыл бұрын

thats what I was thinking

@drumjedi5301 6 жыл бұрын

No one manages to make the physics of all this more easily understandable than you, Dude. Keep it up!

@bearchow1929 3 жыл бұрын

Very much enjoyed torching out independent suspensions in several Toyota and Nissan trucks over the years to install solid axles. Finally quit breaking the tender CV joints and suffering all the tender suspension component failures (ball joints, bushings, bent arms, etc).

@leito1996 6 жыл бұрын

Locking diffs are expensive and manufactures think that no one will notice if they skip them. Look at the Subaru, pathetic. BMWs with over 200HP through rear axle and no LSD, pathetic.

@markrich3271 6 жыл бұрын

Not really you can get a mechanical locking diff for 600$ to a mini spool that will lock your diff for 80$

@thefailingstudent 6 жыл бұрын

I dont have locking diffs on my jeep and i keep up with the locked jeeps on trail runs just fine! I learnt to rely one the offroad system(bld) in the jeep

@nibrobb 6 жыл бұрын

abusive 303 if you've ever driven a car with an open differential, you would have noticed.. My car has one, and in the winter it's plain awful to drive; getting stuck f*ing everywhere. Not even fun to "drift"; spinning only one tire is boring

@leito1996 6 жыл бұрын

Robin Kristiansen I said manufacturers THINK that no one will notice. Most car guys certainly feel the difference. And yes I was talking about LSDs and not manually locking diffs.

@gustafpeyron 6 жыл бұрын

He means selectable locker obviously. Selectable lockers can get expensive, probably $1000+ option. lsds or spools and what not are cheap af

@transporter_tv 6 жыл бұрын

front middle and center differentials? XD good video anyways

@ariellezen4683 6 жыл бұрын

You do have center difs, hey...

@nicodache 6 жыл бұрын

and you also have rear diffs, which someone apparently forgot somewhere :D

@connorbesson488 6 жыл бұрын

What part of that doesnt make sense?

@Shit_I_Missed. 6 жыл бұрын

it's hard to have a center differential and a middle differential, they're in the same location!

@loopduplicate 5 жыл бұрын

Yeah, at 0:30 he says "front, middle, and center differentials" but he meant to say "front, rear, and center differentials".

@MattBlack6 6 жыл бұрын

This may be a subject for a new video, but another and very important factor is how well your 4wd keeps its tyres in contact with the ground, as a tyre up in the air can't apply any torque to the ground. Leaf v coil, solid axle v independent all come into play here. I'd like to see that Jason. As a side note, my 1995 80 series LandCruiser has what Toyota called at the time "full time 4wd" . Probably very similar to the Mercedes now. It's got LSD rear, LSD centre and open front differentials. The centre is also high/low range and lockable. The higher models (ie, Sahara) all came with factory standard front and rear locking (electronic) differentials as well. Hope to see mention of the suspension/keeping wheels on the ground subject. Thanks.

@tylerr7437 6 жыл бұрын

awesome job. i love how you make things easily understandable

@walidnetfa 4 жыл бұрын

The best 4WD system is a good experienced driver!

@scottb7835 6 жыл бұрын

They got front to back. And side to side.

@BigHeadClan 6 жыл бұрын

Would love to see a practical test covering AWD & 4WD cars across the various segments, say Infiniti Intellegent AWD, VS BMW Xdrive vs Quatro etc. A lot of work involved to be sure but would be awesome to see.

@sethwilliamson 6 жыл бұрын

Automobile design is an interesting study in compromise. I agree completely with your analysis, but I'd add that I think a system that offers a good compromise is a center transfer case, rear lockable differential, and front torque sensing differential. This will steer much better and be less sensitive to operator error. The drawback of course is if you have a front wheel in the air or something like that and no traction in the rear either. To overcome this, the operator or a traction control system can apply some brake to the spinning wheel. Thoughts?

@stretchhfab7315 5 жыл бұрын

Best four wheel drive is knowing how to drive in the first place

@tagusan8999 6 жыл бұрын

I like rice

@mytv86 6 жыл бұрын

You make things so simple to understand! Thank you! Interesting stuff.

@rickeystovall7547 4 жыл бұрын

Yeah right !

@DigitalJeremy 6 жыл бұрын

Always engaging, always quality. Love the education!!

@DanielBlomqvist 6 жыл бұрын

The best 4WD system is obviously one electric motor for each wheel.

@TheCalgarycanuck 5 жыл бұрын

Waterproof electric motors?

@Sentido-Critico 5 жыл бұрын

Harvey Millar yes, waterproof electric motors. Just as submersible pumps that have been working for decades underwater.. I think all the electric connections battery to motor and plugs etc etc will be more complicated (adding cost) to protect.

@kiausiuslt99 6 жыл бұрын

You didnt answer the question

@EngineeringExplained 6 жыл бұрын

Yes, I did, that’s what the entire video is about...

@jonathantrevino2899 6 жыл бұрын

Engineering Explained maybe he means the question: "what is love?"

@Thirsty_Fox 6 жыл бұрын

I suspect Saulius Vas was expecting a make and model, rather than the best 4WD system as per the title.

@Mort3nB 6 жыл бұрын

The answer is Quattro, the old style used on Audi 200, 100 C4, s2 etc.

@DuhByrd 6 жыл бұрын

Saulius Vas the best 4wd system is the one in which all diffs have the ability to lock. He wasn't saying which specific vehicles version is better than the next just simply if youre looking for an off roading vehicle look for one with diffs that all lock 👊

@matthewmckinney2709 Жыл бұрын

I have one of the rare full time 4WD Tahoes with 4 Lo option (2005 Tahoe LT with Autoride suspension). It is amazing in the snow. It’s the Borg Warner 4482. It has full time 4WD (60:40 split) and the 4 Lo button that allows the center diff to lock it to 50:50 torque split. But it has no 2WD option. Sometimes I wish I had the standard transfer case. But, it’s a very unique setup for sure. It’s a similar transfer case to the Borg Warner in the Hummers (BW4484) but mine lacks the 4 Hi (locked center diff) option and the Super Low option some Hummers have (3 speed transfer case).

@Lifelite 6 жыл бұрын

Totally new to your videos, but they are really great! Definitely one of my favorite channels now.

@EngineeringExplained 6 жыл бұрын

Awesome, thanks for watching!

@kartboarder22g17 6 жыл бұрын

The best is an electric motor at every tire.

@dTheHammerb 6 жыл бұрын

Subaru; Nuff' said.

@street_legal_go_kart7356 4 жыл бұрын

Jeep ftw dirt road is not off road .

@glloydphilpott9630 6 жыл бұрын

Your presentations are so good. I would be interested in your take on 4WD using only 4 e-hub-motors, selective actuation, potential force/slip feedback to controller, no hybrid combustion engine or drive train. Correlation between hub-motors and battery/controller::::

@lakeschoolrestorationchann1567 6 жыл бұрын

It’s worth noting there are numerous full time 4wd vehicles that use a transfer case and have a center diff. The FJ cruiser with the manual trans is one. In order to have a full time 4wd system you need to have a center diff that can be open (to allow for differing driveshaft/axel speeds based on everything turning different speeds in turns) and you need constant velocity axel shafts in the front to allow for smooth turns without the variable velocity you get with ujoints. The reason the wrangler, and power wagon don’t have center differentials is because they aren’t full time 4wd. It would require changing the front axel to Cv shafts instead of ujoints (which would likely add expense and weaken the shafts) and would require a differential in the transfer case which adds cost and increases possibility of failure. Most full time 4wd vehicles work great around town because you don’t have to think about much (what to engage) and you don’t get axel wrap. In the Wrangler rubicon and power wagon the old school locked tcase and ujoint style solid axel upfront is more durable, easier to service, more reliable, cheaper, at the expense of axel wrap/binding in high traction situations when turning.

@agcamprubi4544 6 жыл бұрын

Land Rover all day

@whiffy506 6 жыл бұрын

AG Camprubi gee finally. Looks like no one has driven one here

@DazBochiz 6 жыл бұрын

And then a Landcruiser to get you home ;)

@agcamprubi4544 6 жыл бұрын

DazBochiz Exact. But only if the Landcruiser manages to get out of the mud ;)

@jayaneyon9316 6 жыл бұрын

AG Camprubi Jeep. Land Rover is for pretending you can go off-road and looking rich.

@DazBochiz 6 жыл бұрын

jaya neyon nah thats a range rover

@daddychill7776 6 жыл бұрын

Toyota trd pro system

@wildbill23c 6 жыл бұрын

Nothing spectacular about that at all. There's nothing the TRD Pro has that a stock Toyota Tundra or Tacoma or 4Runner don't have. Its just a bunch of over-priced stickers and some stiffer shocks and wheels and tires. Lockers are an option on all of them BTW, may not be a factory option but they're available aftermarket which is what I'd get anyways and skip the dealer/brand markup.

@wildbill23c 6 жыл бұрын

Yes as an option. Not standard equipment.

@wildbill23c 6 жыл бұрын

So yes you are kind of right depending on option packages it looks like. Actually they don't. TRD Off-Road models utilize part-time 4WD with Active Traction Control (A-TRAC), while Limited 4WD is equipped with a full-time 4WD system featuring A-TRAC and Torsen® 41 limited-slip center differential with locking feature...right off the Toyota 4Runner Page. funny you pay for an "Offroad" model and it doesn't come with a locking differential, but the limited edition does. Looks like they decided to bring back the locking diff option in the 2018 Tacoma in the TRD Offroad Pro model. None of the other Tacomas have the locking diff option....so its going to only be a very slim few that come with it.

@wildbill23c 6 жыл бұрын

Not all TRD offroad models have lockers. The Tundra does not, and certain models of other TRD's do not as well. For a couple years the Locker was still optional on TRD's. Gotta be careful which ones you look at and buy, not all are created equal, and TRD Offroad doesn't mean they'll have the locker.

@fifthgear93 6 жыл бұрын

Question: Does increasing wheel size of a car reduce wheel HP? All other things being equal - wheel weight, tyre height etc. Is there a measurable or theoretical difference between the horsepower a car would put to the road/dyno on say 13 vs 18 inch wheels?

@Pgcmoore 6 жыл бұрын

my 05 denali suv had no optional separate differential torque control, when i would accelerate hard from a stop, the front wheels would brake loose on slick asphalt, unless i used the etc, that was a dream to drive on wet roads

@DanLMH 6 жыл бұрын

quattro 🔥

@christate3523 6 жыл бұрын

Quattro is an almost meaningless term used for AWD (not 4wd). There is about 4 different AWD systems under the Quattro name and the most common one uses the haldex system which is one of the worst AWD setups

@mohammadarabsson6280 6 жыл бұрын

Audi 👌Quattro.... simply.... Maybe x_drive hhhhhhh 😛

@JoelinoPT 6 жыл бұрын

Audi Quattro is AWD, not 4WD. This video is about 4WD.

@EngineeringExplained 6 жыл бұрын

Haha, it sounds like the marketing teams have done their job with you. Don’t believe the hype just because of cool terminology. :)

@berengerchristy6256 6 жыл бұрын

and for the price you might as well get a subaru, but if you're shopping for an audi you're looking for the brand on the car, not the car under the brand

@pallusubaru 6 жыл бұрын

uhh which Quattro, they range from simple selectable lockers to overly complicated and useless Haldex systems, and everything in between

@ZennybearOG 6 жыл бұрын

Had to tow 3 audi quattro in my life with my subie..

@jameshill7694 6 жыл бұрын

Thankfully, you can use "Left Foot Braking" on JKs and JLs to make up for some traction when lockers aren't available.

@sirfrankthegreat544 6 жыл бұрын

My favourite AWD system is still that one in Lancer Evo X..heheh..and that one was explained in this channel too. I like it.

@WesleyVong 6 жыл бұрын

Hahaha.... not first

@MrRikrdorm 6 жыл бұрын

Subaru sAWD is the best AWD out there.

@rangerover06sc 6 жыл бұрын

Actually the G wagon does have a transfer case (2 speed high/low range). There is just no option disconnect the front axle because it's not needed as you have a center differential to drive on pavement. Some other AWD cars have transfer cases as well like some subarus with only one speed(like high range)

@Chillwaving 6 жыл бұрын

I don’t know how he does it but he just explains the most complex things and makes sense out of it. Well done 👍

@glenwoodriverresidentsgrou136 5 жыл бұрын

Please do a video on Torsen differentials. With a Torsen center differential, when an axle begins to loose grip the forces simply travel through the Tortsen to the other axle without slippage and loss of traction, yet it does not lock in corners. No viscous or clutch slippage required. I claim the test of an AWD system is in cornering under power in limited traction conditions, like rain. The goal is to prevent slippage to begin with, so no wheels slip. Locked diffs are only used at low speeds where the downside of lost traction is a tow truck to get you moving. Torsen diffs are used at high speeds where the downside of lost traction is a tow truck to retrieve your wrecked vehicle,

@RKmndo 4 жыл бұрын

Jeep made a great and simple system with the XJ Cherokee. Selectrac with optional LSDs. The 2.72:1 low-range is still decent. FCA is allegedly putting a newer Selectrac system in the Rubicon for 2021, so now it will have 4:1 low-range and selectable lockers. The new Selectrac system isn't as simple as the old one though, using electronic sensors to detect slip between front and rear. The old NP242 Selectrac used a simple viscous coupler setup.

@skookapalooza2016 3 жыл бұрын

This is the best explanation I've ever seen of this concept. Great vid.

@Ak1r0 6 жыл бұрын

You gotta make a video about center difs vs transfer cases and what differences they have. Got confused a lot hearing those terms.

@TheNavieus 6 жыл бұрын

That dumbbell analogy; perfect and on point

@Luigi-pk8mk 5 жыл бұрын

The best system in a mass market vehicle I have driven (snow, off road on the beach etc) is the Quadradrive II system used on 2006-2010 Jeep Grand Cherokees. This had an automatic 2 speed transfer case, and electronically locking rear and FRONT diffs. At a price less than half of the G-Wagen, with available 330-360 hp Hemi engines. Simply the best.

@byrnemcneill 6 жыл бұрын

Hi Jason, Just watched a video that touched very briefly on the camless engine being developed by Koenigsegg's sister company FreeValve. It would be awesome to get your explanation of how this works. Love the channel.

@richardrohr5106 3 жыл бұрын

Can you please do a video explaining the difference between the two types of 4wd/awd? I'd like to see physical differences.

@rogerj412 6 жыл бұрын

Jason keep in mind the JL now had an optional all time 4WD system work an auto more instead of a 2WD mode/selector.

@Jaymac720 6 жыл бұрын

Can you do a video on Acura’s SuperHandling All-Wheel Drive system?

@POBulkhead 5 жыл бұрын

My 2000 Forester could go anywhere. No lift kit and still got through a mud hole that an F-250 with a hot 390 couldn't. It was absolutely heartbreaking to my best friend. (All season radials versus super mudder tires.) I could go snowmobiling too.

@Stale_Mahoney 6 жыл бұрын

oust 1 note for you 4x4 guys out there with open diff, there is a way to get you out of most trouble even as you got 1 front and rear wheel stuck. and that is actually applying the brake while you accelerate, as the tiers won't be limited by the traction they have but rather the force of the brake clamping down you can over a short distance make it behave almost like a locked differential, dont this a couple of winters myself when i did not care to get on ice chains to get up the smaller hills to get home.