Why are we drawn to Europa?

Рет қаралды 21,044

Күн бұрын

This video about Jupiter's moon Europa is sponsored by Babbel, the #1 language learning app in the world with more than 10 million subscriptions worldwide. Sign up today to get 50% off a 6-month subscription for a limited time only! bit.ly/LaunchPadAstronomy
Jupiter's moon Europa is the most likely place in the solar system to find life beyond Earth. Beneath its icy exterior lies an ocean of water, likely capable of supporting life. Now, NASA is preparing to send the Europa Clipper mission and ESA is sending the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) to study Europa in unprecedented detail, and lay the groundwork for a future lander on Europa to search for life.
00:00 Start
00:43 Discovery and Naming
01:43 Ad for Babbel
03:20 Exploration with Pioneer and Voyager
04:46 Possibility of an Ocean
05:11 Galileo Orbiter and Europa Geology
07:40 Tidal Heating
08:51 Surface Radiation
10:30 Discovery of Water Plumes
13:01 Ocean Properties and Magnetic Field
15:11 Potential Habitability in Ocean and Lakes
16:45 Europa Clipper Mission
19:13 Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) Mission
20:26 Future Lander Mission
20:49 Thanks and Support!
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Disclaimer: Some of these links go to one of my websites and some are affiliate links where I'll earn a small commission if you make a purchase at no additional cost to you.
🧭 References:
W. B. Sparks et al 2016 ApJ 829 121 dx.doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/8...
Paganini, L., Villanueva, G.L., Roth, L. et al. A measurement of water vapour amid a largely quiescent environment on Europa. Nat Astron 4, 266-272 (2020). doi.org/10.1038/s41550-019-09...
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📭 c/o Christian Ready
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United States
Earth
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Watch next: Solar Orbiter Discovers Surprising new Phenomenon in the Sun
• Solar Orbiter Discover...
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Пікірлер: 148

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

🔴 Sponsored by Babbel, the #1 language learning app in the world with more than 10 million subscriptions worldwide. Sign up today to get 50% off a 6-month subscription for a limited time only! bit.ly/LaunchPadAstronomy

@NicholasKrise 3 жыл бұрын

I had x thought for a while that astronomers were all agog about Enceladus.i guess time marches on.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Still are, but I think Europa Clipper was already under development when Enceladus' geysers were discovered. Not mutually exclusive by any means.

@jshaf8782 3 жыл бұрын

By far, this channel and PBS Spacetime are the best places for deep dives into astronomy and astrophysics that don't talk down to the audience. I enjoy your work!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so kindly. I'm honored to even be mentioned in the same comment as PBS Space Time!

@mugwump7049 3 жыл бұрын

Also Anton Petrov.

@XMaverick20 3 жыл бұрын

Dr. Becky too

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Those are some heavy hitter channels. I hope to be like them when I grow up.

@coltonrobinson4255 3 жыл бұрын

@@mugwump7049 came to mention him. Might as well throw in Scott Manley for Rocket science

@Big_Tex 3 жыл бұрын

Wow nice segue from Galileo to your ad lol

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks! Wait, you noticed it was an ad? DARN!!

@slothmarathonpromotions2470 3 жыл бұрын

Not everyday someone gets a compliment on their Segway.

@morn1415 3 жыл бұрын

I see... But the only question remaining is when exactly will we drill trough the ice crust, making first contact with an ancient aquatic civilisation of intelligent radioactive squid? Asking for a friend.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Good question! I just stumbled on some footage from an expedition a few years ago. Need to see how it turned out for them.

@ninnymonger 3 жыл бұрын

@@LaunchPadAstronomy I heard there was a Report written about their trip to Europa.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Wow a Europa Report? Gotta check dat out!

@calebjaymes9710 3 жыл бұрын

2068

@MrWayneMowery 3 жыл бұрын

I love how your channel is developing. Fantastic video!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you, sir! BTW, I'd really like to make a video about the F-16 someday (hint) :)

@PafMedic 3 жыл бұрын

Your Videos Never Disappoint,and Im Appreciative,Getting Ready For A Vacation,Maybe Can Get Caught Up..Great Video Again Christian,Thank You,and I Hope You Had a Good Thanksgiving,Be Safe,and God Bless🙏🏼🇺🇸🌏🔭❤️

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you and have a wonderful vacation!

@PafMedic 3 жыл бұрын

@@LaunchPadAstronomy ,Thank You Very Much...I Plan To Not Leave Any Farther Than My Own Backyard,I Get 2 Weeks,Before Holiday Schedule Starts Back Up..Im Hoping To Get Some Imaging In,These Clouds Have Got To Go,lol

@pipertripp 3 жыл бұрын

Europa is such a captivating place. Looking forward to these two major missions back to the Jovian system with more modern kit. With any luck, Clipper will sample something very exciting in the plumes coming off the moon. Here's to hoping.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Agreed!

@lolsleepyboi8388 3 жыл бұрын

Criminally underrated channel!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much. At least I'm not overrated :)

@RogerM88 3 жыл бұрын

It's time to send a rover to Europa's surface. It would be amazing.

@tonylalangue6243 3 жыл бұрын

The radiation and lack of funding will make that a no go venture, for some time to come.

@Jabbaholl 3 жыл бұрын

once again another excellent video. I enjoyed the livestream too, we need Heidi back ASAP for the follow up on Neptune. Keep up the amazing work Christian! It is very much appreciated

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you, Martyn! And absolutely we'll have Heidi back :)

@mugwump7049 3 жыл бұрын

"All these worlds are yours except Europa. Attempt no landing there."

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

It took everything in me to not make 2010 references all over the place!

@mugwump7049 3 жыл бұрын

@@LaunchPadAstronomy Glad to ruin your efforts ;p

@waynepalmar6101 3 жыл бұрын

I try not to miss your episodes Theres so much out there right :3

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you Wayne, I'm so glad you could drop by!

@wolfvale7863 3 жыл бұрын

Before watching video: I know tons about Europa. After watching video I know many more tons about Europa. It is a very interesting place. Maybe THE most interesting place right now from a science point of view.

@chanodomnakalagshana7458 3 жыл бұрын

Those animated scenes of Europa's surface with the geysers are just majestic. One can only imagine what it would be like to really stand on that surface.

@kewltune4683 2 жыл бұрын

Nice transition to sponsored ad. Great video, thank you!

@janicewilliams5900 3 жыл бұрын

So awesome video I have ever seen thank you so much

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you Janice, I'm glad you enjoyed it!

@homo-sapiens-dubium 3 жыл бұрын

Even though I find Europa so interesting I actively searched yt many times for good content about it, I just learned so much more nuanced and detailed info about it, while still being lightly entertaining. Absolutely gold standard mixture in my book! Keep it coming, love the academic quality! :)

@phatape 3 жыл бұрын

imagine being able to set foot on another world for the first time. I cant think of anything more exciting than that. Almost a shame I was born too early :)

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

That would be pretty damn cool.

@derrekanderson1387 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks again Christian, for yet another interesting and informative video...I just learned a ton more about Europa and it's probability and possibility of holding life... I'd like to become a patreon, possibly with my next paycheck I'll do so...Thanks again for the great and fun videos you do, and can't wait for the next...And just food for thought, why didn't they just call them "lines", lmao...

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you Derrek! And please don't worry about not being a patron, I'm just glad to have you along for the ride!

@therion108 3 жыл бұрын

One of the best videos on Europa I have seen! Great job, Christian!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@jackaroo1231 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent channel, binge worthy!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@dogcarman 3 жыл бұрын

Fantastic video. Science starts with a dream and this video is excellent dream fodder.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks, I appreciate it!

@colinp2238 3 жыл бұрын

We need Data but he is not found until 2338, so we have a long wait. I suspect that if you KZfaqrs use all the facilities of all the sponsors that you get very little sleep. Seriously, another great and informative video about ourneighbourhood and the prospect of finding life. I believe that we will find life when we stop looking for Terrestrial type life and think out of the box.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you, Colin. I appreciate your support!

@haftago2 3 жыл бұрын

I am a huge admirer of your presentation skills. Such a pleasure.

@abbaszaidi8371 3 жыл бұрын

Great stuff. Fascinated by Europa and really well presented content. With a new series of The Expanse kicking off soon, this all re- energises my sol system interest

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks! And yeah, I'm jazzed about the Expanse!

@Dan5482 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent video, super-informative. Thanks!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

My pleasure, I'm glad you enjoyed it!

@saxbob2006 3 жыл бұрын

"... I'm talking to a puppet." Hehe, too cute! ^_^ Heck, it's been that kind of year! Keep the wonderful content coming! Bobby R. Bennett, Dallas, Texas.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks @Bobby :) Yeah, it really has been that kind of year, lol!

@samuelmaucaille702 3 жыл бұрын

Your content is amazing

@ScullyPopASMR 3 жыл бұрын

I love this channel. You will be amazed at the content.

@janicewilliams5900 3 жыл бұрын

Wow love it x

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! 😊

@NewMessage 3 жыл бұрын

"... I'm talking to a puppet." Lockdown has taken its toll on us all... I feel ya, man.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks, much appreciated.

@dwrbh906 3 жыл бұрын

Complimenti per il video!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Grazie!

@chetanmestri906 3 жыл бұрын

When we discover life there, I'll just shout Europaa.. Europaa..!!! 😁😁

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

I’ll be playing Thomas Dolby.

@chetanmestri906 3 жыл бұрын

@@LaunchPadAstronomy Thanks for response.. Love your videos, and your sweet voice. 😊

@mrRnf11 3 жыл бұрын

Loved the video. It would be very cool to have a similar video about Titan, perhaps the second-most important moon in the solar system with regards to the search for life.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Duly noted :)

@book3100 3 жыл бұрын

Pwyll, prince of Dyfed. Good story, look it up.

@Turdfergusen382 Жыл бұрын

Sweet! You should do Enceladus, and Io as well.

@Khaledf 2 жыл бұрын

Hello, thank you for amazing channel. Can you talk about gold and diamond in space. Are there really whole planets made of diamonds?

@israeldiegoriveragenius2th164 3 жыл бұрын

So you could have an Epsom salt bath in Europa.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Yeah, pretty much. Might be a little chilly though.

@ArtDocHound 3 жыл бұрын

Can you discuss the relationship between star color and chemical elements? Thanks. Great channel!

@SonofTheMorningStar666 3 жыл бұрын

Yay!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@SquirrelASMR 3 жыл бұрын

*LAUNCH PAD!* 💕🚀👨‍🚀🛰🌌🌎

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

YO!

@williambuckman8359 3 жыл бұрын

Water water water!

@markholm7050 3 жыл бұрын

A small correction: At 10:14, it sounds to me like you say, “magnesium sulfite or Epsom salt”. Epsom salt is one of the several hydrated forms of magnesium sulfate, not sulfite. Sulfate is SO4 2- Sulfite is SO3 2- Both are reasonably common. Their existence is an example of the wild world of oxidation states and chemical bonding in heavier elements that has kept chemists busy for a couple of centuries.

@jinzotv 3 жыл бұрын

sir use some no copyright music. awesome

@SonofTheMorningStar666 3 жыл бұрын

No need.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

I'll be honest I've thought about music but several folks have written to thank me for not using music so what to do?

@jinzotv 3 жыл бұрын

@@LaunchPadAstronomy then sir when you are starting a video, use little music, or when u are displaying graphics like stars, and other things, use music. do not use music with voice. but thx for replay sir

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Likewise, thank you for the suggestion!

@wolfvale7863 3 жыл бұрын

No music please. It is not needed and would only add another layer of production and work to gain minor aesthetic improvements.

@andrewlabat9963 3 жыл бұрын

Hard to believe how a moon so small could have that much water. Even if 95% liquid water, which more than likely it's not, the volume seems like couldn't be that much.

@israeldiegoriveragenius2th164 3 жыл бұрын

Is Europa more promising to find life on, than the Earth?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

I'd give it 60/40 odds.

@dogcarman 3 жыл бұрын

At least the intelligent sort...

@useodyseeorbitchute9450 3 жыл бұрын

@@dogcarman Looks to me as an extreme version of "cold winter hypothesis" ;)

@mccloysong 3 жыл бұрын

That is a ton of information. Some serious researching.

@joshadams8761 3 жыл бұрын

My wife and I honeymooned in Italy. Lovely country and people.

@amirsafari7140 3 жыл бұрын

I have a question for a while in my head,i want to know if SpaceX develop starship successfully,will we see more probe launches because of decreased launch price or still developing a probe will be so expensive and we will not see a significant increase in probe launches??

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Yes and now. My understanding is that Starship still won't have the capability of SLS so the heaviest payloads may not be doable, but I'd like to think that many heavy payloads that are waiting for SLS will have a viable option in Starship.

@NGC-catseye 3 жыл бұрын

“We need data.” I hope all instruments will be focusing on what interactions (inc, magnetic reactions) occur when Saturn and Jupiter are saying hello on the Solstice.

@Dragrath1 3 жыл бұрын

Isn't it just from our perspective? a True alignment would be interesting since Jupiter's magnetotail extend past the Orbit of Saturn but I doubt we are that lucky

@melancholiaenshrinesalltriumph 3 жыл бұрын

The book "Galileo's Dream" by Kim Stanley Robinson is a wonderful alternative history that really brings the time period to life and has some wonderful descriptions of Jupiter and it's moons

@CallMeWarg 3 жыл бұрын

Awsome video! I am eager to satisfy my curiousity regarding why there is such a big time difference in travle time depending on what rocket the satelite is launched by, perhaps you would find the time to explain to me?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Basically, if you launch on a low-thrust rocket, you need to get energy from flybys. If you launch on a high thrust rocket, you can get to Jupiter without flybys. Might make for an interesting video, actually.

@CallMeWarg 3 жыл бұрын

@@LaunchPadAstronomy the subject matter is very interesting, i did some digging to understand you better! Im not sure but it appears to me that it is due to the fact that using a low thrust rocket one would require gravitational assist by other planets to reach a set destination, while with a high thrust rocket it can somehow by itself reach a set trajectory that takes it to its target? I hope to be on the right track understanding this and thank you for a good answear!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

That’s correct!

@kagannasuhbeyoglu 3 жыл бұрын

👍

@mattizzle81 3 жыл бұрын

Just a flyby in late 2020s or early 2030s. Yikes. Really a bummer, I want to know what is down there in the ocean NOW, but all we have to look forward to in 10 years is another orbiter.

@jamesonfjord8666 Жыл бұрын

I support talking to puppets!

@gjijoj4709 3 жыл бұрын

Ma sai anche leggere e scrivere l'italiano? Nice video (I don't know if it is write correctly, I am italian)

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Grazie! (hey, look what I did? :) )

@MrsTitina 3 жыл бұрын

👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻

@antonleimbach648 3 жыл бұрын

It makes me wonder if we would be planning a maned mission to Europa by now if Nixon had not defunded NASA. We are still operating on a shoe string budget compared to the military and it shows. Using spare parts to build NASA’s premier launch vehicle when we could be so much further while the DOD blew a Trillion dollars miniaturizing nuclear weapons shows who we are as a country.

@ringleader5150 3 жыл бұрын

15:13 “ Galileo is most likely a liquid ocean” *Europa?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Yep, my bad.

@yog_g5001 2 жыл бұрын

why not land a probe?

@sluggo562 3 жыл бұрын

Not enough gravity there to be comfortable. If there's life in the water, well that's interesting. But for colonization? Not without some seriously advanced gene editing. Even then, the rads would be an issue for most carbon based life. Let's do it!

@sluggo562 3 жыл бұрын

Has anyone suggested colliding it with mars somehow?

@dziban303 3 жыл бұрын

Why didn't you even mention Hayabusa 2?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Check out the Osiris Rex video. There’s a lot of Hyabusa2 in it :)

@richardmoffatt6606 3 жыл бұрын

Although I really appreciate the information and time you've invested in bringing us these broadcasts, the amount of commercial inputs is borderline excessive. It becomes a burden to watch, and will inevitably prompt less viewers over time.

@SofaKingShit 3 жыл бұрын

Solar panels at 4% radiation?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Yep. Very large ones though :)

@gordythecreator 3 жыл бұрын

20 bux says it's a Giant Slushy...?

@samerelbadri4573 3 жыл бұрын

new theory about moon formation ma explain everything ( whatch to the end) @

@Tadesan 3 жыл бұрын

Saying those deep sea creatures live in an environment that can reach 400C is like saying we live in an environment that has cliffs over a hundred feet tall. It’s true, but what’s the point? Surely people aren’t trying to impress anybody by stating a trivial fact. Right?

@nicosmind3 3 жыл бұрын

So when Europa heats, where is that energy coming from? Im assuming orbits arent slowing (or are they?) and wondering, since energy can only be transformed, that something is losing energy. I just dont know what is losing that energy?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Changing tidal forces heat the interior of the moon, but that energy comes from Jupiter, so Jupiter's rotation slows ever so slightly in the process. However, Jupiter has more than enough rotational energy to spare so it'll be a while before Jupiter slows and becomes tidally locked to Europa :)

@theOrionsarms 3 жыл бұрын

It's tydal heating, Jupiter rotation it's slowing down and the four major satellite orbital period it is dragged by tydal forces, it's not going work forever but for next billions of years would do it, eventually the closest major satellite (Io) would reach roche limits and breaking apart into a giant planetary rings like on the Saturn.

@Jay-mu9vb 2 жыл бұрын

All my d2 fans know it’s the darkness

@Bwonsamedi 2 жыл бұрын

bcs why not?

@mathushanramanathan6519 3 жыл бұрын

Your friendly neighborhood astronomer Other astronomers: 😡😡😡😡

@jamescarter5042 3 жыл бұрын

NASA should search for life on Europa instead of Mars.

@FairyWeatherMan 3 жыл бұрын

And yet it moves. The right spelling is EPPUR SI MUOVE

@hiimadog2594 3 жыл бұрын

Came from destiny 2

@weshard1 3 жыл бұрын

Advertising ruins everything..

@dwrbh906 3 жыл бұрын

KZfaq's fault, not his.

@weshard1 3 жыл бұрын

@@dwrbh906 I’m not referring to the KZfaq ads.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Sorry man, gotta pay the bills somehow. I hope the rest of the video offset any offense taken by the advert.

@weshard1 3 жыл бұрын

@@LaunchPadAstronomy It’s not a criticism of you, I appreciate all your videos, and understand that it’s the nature of the beast. It’s just unfortunate.

@dwrbh906 3 жыл бұрын

@@weshard1 me neither, the fact that content creators have to resort to sponsors is also youtube's fault

@OL9245 3 жыл бұрын

The bombardment by adds and sponsors have gone way beyond what I can endure. Time to unsubsribe! Thank you for the videos i,ve seen so far. It was cool.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 3 жыл бұрын

Sorry to see you go, but I gotta pay the bills somehow. Take care!