Why did Romans rename Greek Gods? What's the connection?

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The Historian's Craft

The Historian's Craft

2 жыл бұрын

There's something of a historical myth surrounding Roman religion--they "stole" or otherwise renamed the Greek gods. while this isn't really the case, it does have some basis in reality. So, let's dive deeper.
SOURCES:
Pantheon: A New History of Roman Religion, Rupke
Religions of Rome, Beard et al

Пікірлер: 61
@-haclong2366
@-haclong2366 2 жыл бұрын
One can also see this when the Romans interacted with the Celts, they often spoke about a certain Celtic tribe as "worshipping [Roman God]", like a certain tribe in Gaul being "fanatical worshippers of Mars". They didn't just do this with the Greeks.
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
Oh absolutely. It’s how they viewed almost everyone
@caniblmolstr4503
@caniblmolstr4503 Жыл бұрын
@pyropulse Then it is my duty to inform you Ishtar is not an 'Aryan' Goddess. Sumerians were not Indo-European so their Gods and by the extension Akkadians' Gods were not either. Though the Akkadians were genetically Indo-European. But culture is not genetic but social - so Norsemen could be Russian, Normans or even Irish or Scottish. Turks of one place can consider themselves more Persian, some considered themselves Jews, some Mongolia while some Finno-Ugric. It's a matter of choice
@kingbeauregard
@kingbeauregard 2 жыл бұрын
Another couple examples of syncretism: - Roman historians recorded that the Germans worshiped Mercury as their king of the gods, and other important deities were Mars and Hercules. Well no, they're almost certainly referring to Wotan, Tyr, and Donner (Odin / Tyr / Thor). But the Romans evidently had no interest in viewing another culture's gods through any lens other than the Roman one. - Roman historians also tell us that Attila the Hun ostensibly found the sword of Mars and was thus chosen to lead his people. Now I feel reasonably confident that the Huns didn't name their war god "Mars", but again, the Romans had no use for Hunnic names or legends, so any and every war god was Mars.
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, those are also great examples. I have a video planned on the Roman view of Germanic gods
@waltonsmith7210
@waltonsmith7210 2 жыл бұрын
This is why it drives me crazy when people say the greeks and Romans had the same gods. They didnt any more than the Romans and the Germans did.
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
@@waltonsmith7210In my experience they only say that because there were some cases where it was 1:1, but usually it just gets spread across the board when that’s not the case at all
@kingbeauregard
@kingbeauregard 2 жыл бұрын
@@waltonsmith7210 The way I always figured it worked (and this is totally unsourced so I'm making it up) is, the Romans had their own native body of legends. And it consisted of: "Our king of the gods is named Jupiter! And he lives on a mountain! And ... well, that's all we have to say about Jupiter." So when they encountered the Greeks and discovered that their sky god was the subject of probably a hundred legends and they'd worked out an extensive family tree and even created dramatic works featuring Zeus, the Romans said, "... um, that sounds just like Jupiter, because we've got legends where he does all that stuff too! Yep, every last bit of it."
@waltonsmith7210
@waltonsmith7210 2 жыл бұрын
@The Historian's Craft yeah, and most people dont get taught about the general similarities between Indo European deities, so they see a few equivalencies between Greek and Roman, and then lump them all together. I certainly never heard the term "Indo European" in public education. This bothers me because it obscures Roman uniqueness.
@legionarybooks13
@legionarybooks13 2 жыл бұрын
Fantastic video! Romans also used their mythology as a means of assimilating conquered peoples. Why force them to worship your gods when you can simply say, "Yeah, we worship that one, too, we just call him / her ______." One example is in Bath, England, where the local Dobunni tribe worshiped the goddess, Sulis, who was their deity of the thermal springs. They were among the first to welcome the Romans (not everyone contested their annexations within Britannia), and when told about Sulis, the Romans replied that they worshipped her, too, only they knew her as Minerva. Hence why at the Roman Baths of Aquae Sulis the temple and large bronze statue (which sadly only the head remains) was dedicated to the deity, Minerva-Sulis.
@caniblmolstr4503
@caniblmolstr4503 Жыл бұрын
There was another civilization which did something similar though they were a lot a lot more cruel.... Assyrians
@salty9799
@salty9799 2 жыл бұрын
Great stuff buddy
@billykotsos4642
@billykotsos4642 2 жыл бұрын
"ευρωπαικη ομοεθνια" - That's a great way to describe a "Mediterranean" culture that existed in those times. Surely the people back then didn't think of it as "changing" their religion or "converting" to another.
@myriamguns2162
@myriamguns2162 Жыл бұрын
What does that Greek phrase mean?
@tassey
@tassey 2 жыл бұрын
Enjoyed this video. You got a lot of strange comments here. I am afraid the bots have found you.
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
Unfortunately!
@WK-47
@WK-47 2 жыл бұрын
Though a nuisance, it's partial proof that AI won't destroy us, not as long as we can click phishing links and buy tacky consumer goods.
@viatorinterra
@viatorinterra 2 жыл бұрын
I'd like a vid/series about Interpretatio Romanae in general.
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
I can do that
@TheFarSideNoob
@TheFarSideNoob Жыл бұрын
It's funny I just did a generic web search for "did the Romans just rename the Greek gods?" and your video popped up the search results. As a subscriber I should have known to come straight to you for any Classical Era questions!
@caniblmolstr4503
@caniblmolstr4503 Жыл бұрын
I don't think Romans changed the Greek Gods names or anything..... I think over time they just started giving their Gods the characteristics that their Souther Greek neighbours of Capua and Napoli and Tarantum gave theirs.
@shootgunMarvel
@shootgunMarvel Жыл бұрын
A History reader detected 🍻
@Amadeu.Macedo
@Amadeu.Macedo 2 жыл бұрын
What about the supreme Babylonian Sky God MARDUK? Isn't there a trustworthy connection between ZEUS and MARDUK? I am under the impression that the Mesopotamian culture and religion, which lasted circa 3,000 years, appears to be highly underestimated by Greco-Roman scholars.
@SkyFly19853
@SkyFly19853 2 жыл бұрын
That's a good question...
@8bitorgy
@8bitorgy 2 жыл бұрын
I've always heard it's because the Romans were more rational and saw astronomical observations as a sort of "sacred law" of the universe. They were Greek in terms of worshipping the gods but could not overlook the importance of the night sky.
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
Can I ask where you’ve heard that? I haven’t come across it before. But, you’re correct that the Romans viewed the night sky as something to be held in regard
@8bitorgy
@8bitorgy 2 жыл бұрын
@@TheFallofRome I don't exactly remember where I heard that. I just subscribe to the narratives given out by pop culture which is why we rely on real historians such as you to verify if any of them are accurate or not. But I think everyone was beaten with the whole "Romans were more organized than the Greeks" narrative dozens of time. Plus the Romans were pioneers of the calenders system and masters of astronomy. As well with an obsession with horoscopes. In my opinion, I don't think ancient man knew how to separate reality from superstition like we do nowadays. They saw the planets in the sky and assumed these must be the gods themselves. Again, this is all conjecture that I subscribe to.
@hermanoguimaraes6343
@hermanoguimaraes6343 2 жыл бұрын
@@TheFallofRome Trust him bro. Why he would lie? Source: The voices in his head
@8bitorgy
@8bitorgy 2 жыл бұрын
@pyropulse I thought that was my point. We DO know more than the ancients about superstition. People back then had zero way of knowing that a planet was just a planet. Like you said, they didn't even know how to differentiate the moon and sun from other stars and planets....
@8bitorgy
@8bitorgy 2 жыл бұрын
@@hermanoguimaraes6343 go back to reddit
@sleepy0
@sleepy0 Жыл бұрын
wanna bet the vatican has a copy of those lost works?
@SpazzyMcGee1337
@SpazzyMcGee1337 2 жыл бұрын
The Etruscans were not Indo-European?
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
No they were not
@SharpieLEET
@SharpieLEET 2 жыл бұрын
They were genetically Indo-European but linguistically they were not
@starcapture3040
@starcapture3040 2 жыл бұрын
@@SharpieLEET genetically Indo-European?
@marcoschwarz3763
@marcoschwarz3763 2 жыл бұрын
A new study in Science Advances conducted by a team of researchers from Italy (University of Florence, University of Siena, University of Ferrara, Museum of Civilisation in Rome), Germany, the United States, Denmark and the United Kingdom sheds light on the origin and legacy of the Etruscans through genome analysis of 82 individuals from central and southern Italy, covering the period from 800 BC to 1000 AD. BC to 1000 AD (The origin and legacy of the Etruscans through a 2000-year archaeogenomic time transect - DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi7673). The results show that the Etruscans, despite their unique cultural expressions, were closely related to their Italic neighbours and reveal important genetic changes associated with subsequent historical events. The current study brings together genomic information over a time span of almost 2000 years, in relation to twelve archaeological sites, and sheds light on this mystery. It shows that there is no genetic evidence of a recent population movement from Anatolia.The research shows that the Etruscans share the genetic profile of the Latins of neighbouring Rome and that a large part of their genome is derived from ancestors from the Eurasian steppe during the Bronze Age.
@maxstirner6143
@maxstirner6143 2 жыл бұрын
@@marcoschwarz3763 so the Eneida was about the Etruscans?
@PackHunter117
@PackHunter117 2 жыл бұрын
How aren’t Etruscans Indo Europeans when they’re native to Italy?
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
Etruscan is not an IE language. We’re not sure where it comes from exactly, but we know it doesn’t belong to that family
@PackHunter117
@PackHunter117 2 жыл бұрын
@@TheFallofRome So Etruscans came from where originally? How are Romans Indo Europeans when they’re related to the Etruscans I thought
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
@@PackHunter117 Etruscans are probably pre-indo-European. They ruled the Romans at one point, and the Romans adopted quite a lot from their civilization, but the Romans are part of the italic family of languages, which is indo-European. I’d recommend “The Beginnings of Rome” and “The Rise of Rome” if you want to do some reading
@PackHunter117
@PackHunter117 2 жыл бұрын
@@TheFallofRome So the Etruscans were a group of pre IE people that stayed in Italy for a long time while the rest of Europe was dominated by the Celts, Slavs, Germans, Greeks, Iberians, and then later the Romans and Carthaginians? I know the Carthaginians aren’t Indo European right? Same with the Iberian tribes? But otherwise that means the Etruscans lived in an area dominated by IE people for a long time then?
@TheFallofRome
@TheFallofRome 2 жыл бұрын
@@PackHunter117 take out the Slavs and and you have a more accurate picture. I wouldn’t say the Etruscans lived in an area dominated by IE languages however, at least not initially. They remained a powerful force in Italy for centuries, until they were absorbed into the expanding Roman state
@LordTelperion
@LordTelperion 2 жыл бұрын
Just as Christianity took the Capitoline Triad to make their Holy Trinity.
@DISTurbedwaffle918
@DISTurbedwaffle918 2 жыл бұрын
Unbelievably false
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