Essentially, Saturn restrained Jupiter, preventing it from falling any further towards the sun. Our solar system could have landed up with a 'hot Jupiter'. Many the reason potentially habitable planets are so rare is because Hot Jupiters are so common!

Saturn: the bro holding back drunken Jupiter from starting a fight in the inner solar system.

The image at 0mins 38secs : I remember the announcement that Cassini would be taking the 'small blue dot' photograph, and giving the exact moment the light would be leaving Earth to travel to Cassini's camera. Even though I was in central London with abysmal light pollution, I made sure I knew where Saturn would be (near Spica), and waved at that moment. I know , I know! But it's good to feel I was paying attention when the pic was taken! Keep up the good work Dr Becky.

Really interesting, thanks. We think life exists here because we have water, the correct chemicals and are in the goldilocks zone. But there are so many more factors that contributed to our existance. Makes you wonder how rare life is in the universe if all these factors need to come together in the correct ways.

Saturn is my favorite too. My dad worked on the Hubble before it was launched, and received copies of the first negatives and prints. The photo of Saturn was stunning. 💛

I've long held a grudge against Saturn...cuz I had to make a model of the solar system once...it was kinda hard to make Saturn's ring...this video helped me make peace with Saturn. Thanks Dr Becky..;-j

Calling Saturn your favorite planet is a bit like calling someone else's mom your favorite mom. Like, don't let Earth find out Becky!

Glad I found this. The Correlation between Music and the "Resonance" of planets was especially enlightening. The" Music of the Spheres" so to speak. Thank you.

I'm really enjoying this channel, Dr. B. I learn soooo much and I love your enthusiasm and humor!

Alright, who got Dr. Becky started on Saturn? Never get Dr. Becky started on Saturn!

I'm a man of biology and geography, so when I say I've started really getting into astrophysics because of your awesome videos... That's huge 😁 Keep going, loving every bit of it!

This episode touches on one of the most interesting of astronomical theories, that of the Earth as a privileged planet, uniquely positioned to be friendly to life. Saturn not only moves Earth into that ideal zone, Jupiter and Saturn stand guard, their sheer size keeping us from being regularly being battered by large asteroids.

You always learn something when you watch the Dr. Becky channel!! Thank you Dr. Becky for making these concepts accessible and entertaining. Your channel is awesome!! My favorite planet (besides the Earth) is Saturn.

Without a doubt your channel is one of the best on KZfaq. I even like the way you presented the ad. No disruption of content, no attempt to trick us it was part of the story you were telling and were honest about it. I appreciate it.

This video just popped up in my feed. She explained it so well. Obviously knows her subject but explained it so enthusiastically and clearly. I am impressed. Wish my school teachers had been so good 🤩.

I believe static electricity charges are what cause tiny pieces of dust to buildup and combine with other dust particles. A crew member on a space shuttle mission years ago demonstrated this static attraction force with a clear plastic bag of small pieces material that, after shaking it up, the small pieces of material would begin to cling to other small pieces in a matter of seconds. In time gravity will become the major combining force.

Big up doc, your enthusiasm is always infections.. Love the singing and the bloopers, it makes for good human interface.. keep up the good work 👌

Saturn just gets better and better, it was already the first thing I saw through a telescope that got me hooked on Astronomy.

Another brilliant, “never knew that, thank you Dr. Becky” video! Thank you so much, Dr. Becky!

Gustav Holst, regarding his composition of The Planets, remarked that Saturn, The Bringer of Old Age, was his favorite movement of the suite. Such a man, weak of nature yet strong of spirit.

Dr Becky’s videos make my day every time

I keep falling in love with space more and more as I keep watching and listening to you!! you are amazing and the reason I am able to be sure about me choosing astrophysics in the future..! Thank you

You answered a lot of questions I've always wondered about our solar system and other solar systems. Thanks.

from a high school dropout that loves physics,I see how happy physics makes you,it makes me happy like that too…….Tks !

Ahhhhh!! I get so excited whenever you upload!

I discovered you on a Reddit live stream! I absolutely love how you present your content. You quickly became one of my favorite KZfaqrs.

I love how much joy have speaking about this subject. It's such a treat and the 20 minutes just flies by.

WOW, your channel is fantastic! Everything is better with an English accent, your presentational skills are great and your singing is cute.

I have to disagree with one point, the bloopers are fun, but my favorite part is the actual videos; complex subjects made understandable for the layman without dumbing it down. And by the way, I love your accent.

4:40 Wait, wait, wait...polar and equatorial orbits in one system? WHERE!?!?! I want to read more about this!

She is so human in her presentation that we can relate to her smiles and emotions with her.Got to love that.

I'm so glad I found this channel; thanks, SciManDan. But I find your channel so fascinating. Your passion and excitiment keeps me coming back. I decided to go back to school at the hight of the pandemic, I started out in IT but since ive been watching you, I have started to look at taking more science classes…

. I love how she explains things! I like learning from all sorts of discipline, but most of the time, the presentation always PUTS ME OFF Either too condescending or too vague! . I like how she still talks in a technical manner but offer bits of explanation in the video inserts, to target both more knowledgeable audience, and the tyros in us. She certainly makes a GREAT teacher!

There may be a musical "resonance" between Jupiter and Saturn, but there's no Autotune.

Thank you so much for making such lovely videos. Explaining things so beautifully and making it so easy to understand. Also, Saturn is my favorite planet too now. I used to 1st like it only because of its beautiful ring, now I'd say i know alot more than just that. Love you❤ keep spreading the knowledge.

There's a part in Arthur C. Clarke's novel 2001: A Space Odyssey where the Discovery uses Jupiter for a slingshot effect to gain velocity to get to Saturn (I'm not confusing this with the 2010 movie, Hyams took the sequence from the first novel). Clarke notes that the law of conservation of energy is maintained, and Jupiter lost all of the velocity that the Discovery gained. I always though it would be funny to write a story where the accumulation of all the slingshots space ships did using Jupiter to get into the outer solar system would lead to Jupiter slowing down and falling sunward, eventually threatening the Earth. I'm sure you'd need like trillions of slingshots for that to happen, though.

Thank you Dr. Smethurst, excellent presentation once again. I just finished "Space at the Speed of Light", wonderful book. I am not sure if you gave me any information that I didn't already know but you organized and explained things in a way I previously hadn't seen but I got many new perspectives. When is the next book coming out? I am ready! You don't need a life, write, write, write.

I'm fond of Saturn, too: O jeweled giant, so sublime! A spectacle to astound to! The angels blessed you with this sign; They parked their halos around you. But it's not my favorite: O lovely orb of brown and green and blue and white; a shining pearl; at last I’ve seen where I have been; my home, my love, my life, my world.

Why have I just discovered this channel now?

Earth exists because of Saturn since we once were a satellite of him (tidally locked), same as Mars, Neptune and likely Venus. That's why we all share the same spin axis tilt!!!!

So in other words "We really have no freaking idea and everything i said today will not be true tomorrow ". Gotcha

As our sun ages and expands, there will come a time when someone in another star system, looking at our sun, will wonder why we have a hot Jupiter. So my question is, what type are stars are all these hot Jupiters orbiting. Also given the limitations of our current technology to see exoplanets, it follows that a majority of those we find in the early years, will be large planets, close to their star where they have the greatest gravitational effect (to induce a wobble in the star that we can detect) or have the greatest dimming effect as it passes between us and its star.

No matter how pretty or intriguing these other death traps may be, Earth will always be my favorite planet for not killing me simply for walking outside.

I always thought as a kid that this planets are positioned perfectly so earth can create life. They are there for a purpose.

Jupiter: * bovver boy rampaging through the Inner Solar System * Saturn: "You're feckin' NICKED, me old beauty!"

That was a great escape to hear with all the troubles going on here right now! Thank you! Stay safe!

I like how you have more questions than answers - gets us all thinking

“Where were you when I laid the earth’s foundation? Tell me, if you understand. 5 Who marked off its dimensions? Surely you know! Who stretched a measuring line across it? 6 On what were its footings set, or who laid its cornerstone- 7 while the morning stars sang together and all the angels a shouted for joy? 8 “Who shut up the sea behind doors when it burst forth from the womb, 9 when I made the clouds its garment and wrapped it in thick darkness, 10 when I fixed limits for it and set its doors and bars in place, 11 when I said, ‘This far you may come and no farther; here is where your proud waves halt’? 12 “Have you ever given orders to the morning, or shown the dawn its place, 13 that it might take the earth by the edges and shake the wicked out of it? 14 The earth takes shape like clay under a seal; its features stand out like those of a garment. 15 The wicked are denied their light, and their upraised arm is broken. 16 “Have you journeyed to the springs of the sea or walked in the recesses of the deep? 17 Have the gates of death been shown to you? Have you seen the gates of the deepest darkness? 18 Have you comprehended the vast expanses of the earth? Tell me, if you know all this. 19 “What is the way to the abode of light? And where does darkness reside? 20 Can you take them to their places? Do you know the paths to their dwellings? 21 Surely you know, for you were already born! You have lived so many years! 22 “Have you entered the storehouses of the snow or seen the storehouses of the hail, 23 which I reserve for times of trouble, for days of war and battle? 24 What is the way to the place where the lightning is dispersed, or the place where the east winds are scattered over the earth? 25 Who cuts a channel for the torrents of rain, and a path for the thunderstorm, 26 to water a land where no one lives, an uninhabited desert, 27 to satisfy a desolate wasteland and make it sprout with grass? 28 Does the rain have a father? Who fathers the drops of dew? 29 From whose womb comes the ice? Who gives birth to the frost from the heavens 30 when the waters become hard as stone, when the surface of the deep is frozen? 31 “Can you bind the chains b of the Pleiades? Can you loosen Orion’s belt? 32 Can you bring forth the constellations in their seasons or lead out the Bear with its cubs? 33 Do you know the laws of the heavens? Can you set up God’s dominion over the earth? 34 “Can you raise your voice to the clouds and cover yourself with a flood of water? 35 Do you send the lightning bolts on their way? Do they report to you, ‘Here we are’? 36 Who gives the ibis wisdom or gives the rooster understanding? 37 Who has the wisdom to count the clouds? Who can tip over the water jars of the heavens 38 when the dust becomes hard and the clods of earth stick together? 39 “Do you hunt the prey for the lioness and satisfy the hunger of the lions 40 when they crouch in their dens or lie in wait in a thicket? 41 Who provides food for the raven when its young cry out to God and wander about for lack of food?" ~Job 38

Fun fact: on average the closest planet to Earth is Mercury. Even stranger is that Mercury is every planets closest neighbour on average.

ah, Saturn. admired for its rings, appreciated for it allowing us to exist.

The joy that astronomy obviously brings you is contagious. I honestly haven't been this excited about astronomy since listening to Carl Sagan as a teenager. That's right, I just compared you favorably to Carl Sagan. You're welcome.

Its a pity, I kick myself, only now I am finding this channel. This channel needs more love. The concepts and theories are wonderfully explained Dr. Becky. Me and my kids loved the video.

12:45 this music is sound like a kind of Rain Pattern for me. thanks Dr. Becky to let us hear that... :)

As I recall it from my days in the field, planetary migration was suggested very soon after the discovery of 51 Peg b - like 1996 or so. We certainly had it as a topic at the NATO ASI at Cargese, Corsica in 1998. Tidal planet/disk interactions was a thing in the theoretical community of the day ;)

Dr Becky has to be the prettiest big brain smart person on KZfaq. All that brain power and being equally beautiful combined with successful, she's setting the bar awful high for everyone else and not even really trying too!

loving the friendship story between Saturn and Jupiter, they're planetary besties

Johannes Kepler discovered "music of the spheres", orbital distance and velocity, law of planetary motion, etc. etc. in his 1619 publication "Harmonices Mundi".

The Sun is such a Hottie. It's not surprising that all the plants are so attracted to it.

The most amazing thing about Saturn is that it shares the same axial tilt as Earth and Mars which does not match the Suns axial tilt, which suggests that Saturn, Earth and Mars are not native to this solar system and possibly have been captured as a mini solar system if Saturn was once a brown dwarf star. Doesn't it seem strange that as each one of those planets sit in a closer orbit to our sun that the axial tilt of each planet will be one degree closer to matching the Suns axial tilt meaning Earth 23 deg, Mars 25 deg, Saturn 26 deg. It's as if the Sun's electromagnetic influence is affecting their axial tilt by distance and time which makes me think the capture was recent by geological times.

Dr - I enjoy your videos - the bloopers are not my favourite bit, however. I just enjoy the enthusiasm for the subject. Thanks :-)

Your accent. Is just fine; after Boston, all Brits have learned to hide their "T." 😊

Love the video - well done with the explanations! I've always been interested in planetary migration, since I was a teenager and the idea was first being bandied about in 1980! I have followed the idea, in all its permutations, as best I can through the years, and you did very well explaining the newer ideas, as well as how it all goes together with our ideas of how our solar system got where it is now, and what that might mean for other solar systems out there. Ah yes, the music of the planets, the resonance they have, is one of the things I sometimes play to relax, meditate to calm my nerves, take a short nap, or fall asleep to - it makes for interesting dreams, too, LOL! As an aside, your nail polish is a really cool pearlescent shade that looks much darker from some angles than from straight on, and I really love it! My preference for nail polish has always been dark, midnight blue, and that's why I noticed yours first, because at one angle, it really looks like my fave, instead, LOL!

My eldest daughter favorite plant is also Saturn. As a four-year-old she dressed up as Saturn for Halloween. She loved to look at the pictures of Saturn in an old book of mine “Pioneer First to Jupiter, Saturn, and Beyond.”

Your passion for your subject sells the whole thing just as much as your encyclopedic knowledge of it!

Naturally, Dr. B finds a way to give Saturn all the credit XD

This is fascinating. And seems to fit with a lot old myths and legends, as well as the Fomenko's Saturnian Cosmology. I am not an astronomer, but found this through my study of banned books as an English teacher. What do you think?

This video is even better than I expected. I’m downloading it, and plan to show it to my 7 year old in about 3 years…. Thanks doc!

I'm just half way of the video and already impressed by the explanation of how the solid planets formed closed to the sun. Thanks Dra. BECKY 👏👏

Yes, we love the bloopers, but they're just the icing on the very interesting and entertaining experience that is watching you talk about space. Oh, and cake, that was the metaphor. Cake. Not that you talk about cake, you talk about space...oh nevermind, just hurry up with the next one.

Saturn: as always, the real OG!

Space nerd here, loved your video and I haven't even finished it yet. Sub!

Saturn to Jupiter: Bro don't go further, come back otherwise no one will be there to name us and study our planetary system history. Jupiter: yup my mistake am coming back lalalalala.....

I remember that Brian Cox's BBC series on the planets mentioned the 'migrating Jupiter' theory, but he didn't explain how it could first move inwards and then out again, which puzzled me. You did better in a fraction of the time! Incidentally, if you watch that series I think you will shriek in horror and disbelief at a howler in Cox's script, accompanied by a distant humming sound from Kepler spinning in his grave.

Can nanometer to centimeter sized chunks really attract and hold on to each other via gravity? Wouldn't electromagnetism be the more likely route?

I envy you, Dr. Becky. You still have all the entheusiasm and excitement for Astronomy I had when i was young. Never lose it!

Saturn was the first planet I got to see through a large telescope at the Warren Rupp Observatory. It is beautiful to behold.

Thanks for this video -- When I was studying computer programming in school, one project I did was to port the old ACCRETE simulation of the formation of the solar system to Windows in C++. But I see now that ACCRETE is missing out a lot of details that I guess they didn't know about then, like gravitational resonance and the other things you discuss. Makes me wonder if there's another, open source simulation out there that's a lot more up to date. And I will say that I have no problem with how you pronounce "Saturn"... But I admit I've usually heard Kuiper's name pronounced with a silent "U", to rhyme with "piper" -- This is the first time I've heard it pronounced "Quee-Per". But for all I know that's actually the correct way.

2:50 that is an intuitive statement. Try: Lighter elements get pushed out by the solar radiation, leaving the heavier elements.

Hey Becky pls keep you bloopers full screen we want to see you in full glory when you start singing out of nowhere. LOL.

I love how Dr Becky didn't acknowledge the fact that Neptune just blew past Uranus to become the farthest planet in the solar system in the Breaking the Resonance model

What else could We ask for? Astrophysics explained by the most beautiful Dr. on KZfaq.

I'm going to celebrate Saturnalia every year to thank Saturn.

I also have a fondness for Saturn and Cassini (RIP). Thanks for this (and all of your other) interesting content!

Jupiter's orbital period is 12 years - how many Exo planets with 12 year or longer periods have we detected? Barely a handful. We've hardly been searching for Exo Planets long enough to detect planets with the periods we see in our own solar system. I'm convinced that the "abundance" of hot jupiters is a MASSIVE sampling error - these are by far the easiest planets to find by our current detection methods. I have a feeling that as we search more and we begin detecting more small planets with longer periods, we'll end up majorly revising our models of planetary formation again.

Dad Joke: why is Mars so small? Because Jupiter Saturn it.

Personally, my favorite planet is the one I can breathe on.

I did the Astrophysics elements of my degree in 2004, at the time, the first exo-planets had been confirmed and Hot Jupiters were a new and interesting phenomenon. At the time, my lecture suggested maybe Jupiter had been like a cosmic corset, holding everything in place. Jupiter held the larger gas giants away from the Sun and stopped the rocky planets from being ejected. I now have an image of Jupiter being the stays in the corset and Saturn the laces, forcing the Solar System into the current shape.

First heard about this "resonance music" from an article in Quanta Magazine several years ago. Great to hear it has so much resonance among ppl.

Dr Becky, I just found you and I absolutely love your videos! Great information but have you ever considered that the placement of the planets are more of an electromagnetic placement instead of a gravitational placement? I would love to hear your take on this!

Planetary Migration - Velikovsky is laughing in his grave.

I love this planetary science stuff. Thanks Doc!

Dr.B is so intelligent and engaging and quite fit as well! Woo!

"Astronomers Have No Idea How Planets Form" Wal Thornhill

Question : is it true that even though we know gravity causes attraction between dust and particles but we do not quite understand what trigger a collapse where planets starts to form?

Sa'urn glad to see you are proud of your accent. Excellent work Dr. Becky thanks

Just listening to you presenting these complex topics absolutely fascinates me as I often loose track of the subject and just immerse in to the passion with which you talk....

Me: Hand me the aux cable Driver: Okay but don't play anything weird Me: 12:45

(in jest) so the bloody Trappist system needs to do its piano lessons, that was appalling. In more serious mood that was what i was trying to find somewhere, VERY long time ago i've heard that Jupiter migrated had no clue why or how. Yes that gravitational pull would help stabilize proto-planets and debris belts in good positions. As for why Jupiter / Saturn stopped maybe it was just sheer speed of their orbit? when you get closer to sun you accelerate on your orbit and if you can not decrease the speed you'd catapult out of the orbit (wisdom learned by destroying sol in Universe sandbox squared over many many messy collisions).

It's unsurprising the pulling power Saturn has, being that beautiful. Even Jupiter dribbles when it orbits by.

"Are you suggesting planets migrate?" "A planet could be carried by a Neptunian swallow..."