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The process of forming a new country is complex and requires meeting certain criteria, including having a permanent population, a defined territory, a government, and the ability to form relations with other nation states.
In the past two decades, only five countries have gained independence.
There are several potential new countries that may be formed in the future. The East African Federation, a proposed federal union between several African countries, has faced challenges such as issues with cooperation among member countries and corruption in some governments.
Kosovo and Albania have also discussed the possibility of forming a union, with the potential for economic benefits such as increased trade, investment, and economic growth. However, the idea remains just a political idea for now.
The disputed territory of Transnistria, located in Moldova, has a desire for independence due to cultural and linguistic differences, but the conflict between the two sides remains unresolved.
Somaliland, a region in modern day Somalia, declared independence following a civil war in 1991, but has not been recognized as a sovereign nation.
The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, also known as Western Sahara, has a complex history and has not yet gained full independence.
Bougainville, located in Papua New Guinea, is likely to successfully gain independence following a referendum in which an overwhelming majority voted in favor of independence.
The U.S. territory of Puerto Rico has sought greater autonomy or independence from the United States, but the idea remains largely discussed.
The Republika Srpska, an autonomous entity within Bosnia and Herzegovina, has sought independence but the idea has not gained widespread support.
The Kurdish people, an ethnic group without a sovereign country, have sought recognition and self-determination, with some seeking a greater degree of autonomy and others advocating for the incorporation of Kurdish-populated regions into a Kurdish state.
It will be interesting to see how the future plays out and which countries may emerge in the coming years.
Video production done with the help of GeoLayers3
#geography