Will the Universe Expand Forever?
Рет қаралды 943,089
8 жыл бұрынWill the Universe continue to expand outward or will it succumb to gravity and collapse upon itself? Find out in this episode of Space Time. Help us win a Webby Award by voting here: pv.webbyawards.com/2016/onlin...
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Throughout history, there has been much speculation about what the fate of the universe would be. Many theorized that the universe would eventually succumb to the pull of gravity, and reverse its expansion in what was being called ‘The Big Crunch.’ However, with the help of mathematical equations from Newton, Einstein, and Alexander Friedmann, we now have an answer.
Special thanks to NAOJ and the European Southern Observatory for allowing usage of their photo of M83: apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap151008.html
Flourine production in lower mass stars: phys.org/news/2014-08-toothpas...
_____________________
Correction:
escape velocity = square root of (2GM/r)
- we accidentally left out the 2
_____________________
COMMENTS:
Henrique Rigitano
• We Are Star Stuff
ReVenGe TheRedFireFox
[deleted]
Richard van der Linden
• We Are Star Stuff
Mason Glaves
• We Are Star Stuff
Rod Landaeta
• We Are Star Stuff
______________________
Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd
Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)
@DeathsOnTheYAxis 7 жыл бұрын
I think it's so cool that you guys came out with a series that challenges people to get into a bit of the math involved in this. Most of these shows assume that the public knows nothing and will get bored if they see any math, which means you have to create something extremely shallow. I think a large fraction of the public has some interest in the details behind science, and I found this video really exciting.
@xeno4162 4 жыл бұрын
indeed
@stauffap 4 жыл бұрын
Exactly. Also it's important to display science realistically, which means that we have to stress the importance and power of math. A lot of things in physics make a lot more sense when you understand the math.
@hektor6766 2 жыл бұрын
I think the dismissal of popular intellectual curiosity and capacity is the most odious, crippling and pervasive bigotry. American employers constantly decry the lack of an educated workforce, using that myth to alienate the populace from academia and to generate labor competition and thus drive down wages, even as they entice and distract society away from that education with cynically visceral commercialism.
@markovcd 8 жыл бұрын
PBS Space Time fucking deserves this award. It's the only show which presents physics in understandable form but they don't dumb it down so much that it creates misconceptions.
@noeljoseph4493 3 жыл бұрын
Exactly
@planclops 8 жыл бұрын
With each video, I always feel like my understanding decreases while my interest increases!
@AlcyonEldara 8 жыл бұрын
+planclops : which is an amazing thing ;) I would find the Universe pretty boring if we could understand it so quickly ;)
@freewheeler8924 5 жыл бұрын
That's because science makes us stoopid.
@janniszimbalski6652 5 жыл бұрын
This means your understanding is increasing. :) You are more aware of how much more there is to know.
@audience7264 5 жыл бұрын
The more we know, we realize how little we know, and we must know more.
@abstractrussian5562 5 жыл бұрын
This is because uncertainty increases throughout your life. Your own heat death is soon.
@nygeek6471 8 жыл бұрын
"You'll look out and only see darkness" can you imagine the future civilization that tries to make sense of their cold surroundings?
@pbsspacetime 8 жыл бұрын
+nygeek64 Before Vesto Slipher's measurement of galaxy redshifts in 1912, the notion of a universe beyond the Milky Way was just an idea. Future denizens of the "Great Space Egg" (the official name of the elliptical galaxy that results from our collision with Andromeda) will presumably assume that this island of stars IS the entire universe. But this is very, very, very far in the future. Even after the distant galaxies have escaped our cosmic event horizon their light will leak down to us for many, many billions of years.
@TheMPScott 8 жыл бұрын
+PBS Space Time this is a very interesting idea which I personnaly first heard mentioned by Brian Greene, I can only imagine how unrealistic our current description of a universe teeming with stars and galaxies would sound to a civilization with no evidence other then that we and other potential ancestors would leave behind. Would they believe that our universe was once truly as it appears right now or would the seemingly damning evidence apparent to them be too much to believe the universe truly is more than just their island? Maybe someone or something will find out in a really, really distant future episode of spacetime. ;)
@Cythil 8 жыл бұрын
+nygeek64 You got to wonder what we might be missing hidden from us due to the vastness of time.
@LeadHase 8 жыл бұрын
+Cythil ie before the big bang
@Cythil 8 жыл бұрын
LeadHase Actually you do not have to go even that far. (if there is even such a before time...) The earliest time with visible light, the time where the cosmic microwave background was created was 380,000 years after the big bang event. Now we can tell something about the eras before that but it gets harder. But beyond that we come to a era where our physics breaks down. The era where we need quantum gravity to make predictions. There early eras might actually hide things that we might never know anything about. Though I hope it not beyond our ability to figure out. But the tricky thing is... We might never know if there something hiding from us. There might be no trace that it was ever there.
@sithsmasher7685 8 жыл бұрын
Wow, I'm not schooled in academic math, but you really dissected that equation for us layman people. Awesome job, Matt. I can't understand the deeper math behind it but at least I can still understand the general mechanics behind the thing. If you keep using effective analogies (since you mentioned Newton can no longer be used then something else?) and break down the math for us like this, I'm sure not many people will get lost. I'm looking forward to the next video. I told you before I wanted to understand the general mechanics behind dark energy how it's slowing down the universe doing negative work actually speeds it up. Because questions pop up for me like: "how is that negative work converted into dark energy?" and "doesn't this violate the law of conservation of energy?" and "can this mechanic keep going on forever or will it eventually get 'depleted' since energy should not be infinite?" I hope you can keep your creativity going to make it clear. Again keep up the awesome work.
@pbsspacetime 8 жыл бұрын
+Sith Smasher Thanks for the props! Over the next few episodes we're going to do our best to lay out the mechanics of dark energy, and hopefully to do that with the right balance meaningful analogy with the real mathematics. If we get this right it'll be pretty cool.
@alexandrugheorghe5610 8 жыл бұрын
+PBS Space Time Nice! Voted :-) I think when we're at frontiers, all educators should struggle to make the concepts as clear as possible from the point of view of how much we understand, what we do not, and what would be the general ideas in solving these problems. I think it's worth trying to inseminate into the listeners brains that they could start tackling this by questioning at least :-) It'd be pretty amazing.
@sithsmasher7685 8 жыл бұрын
Alexandru Gheorghe The achievement of the 'pbs spacetime' team and its host Matt is that they can bring content that is hard to grasp, closer to the masses. That is something not to be underestimated as it brings about more interest in science from a bigger group of people. We all know if you don't understand something, you don't like it. I hope more people will take physics classes because of this channel. Personally I'd love to study physics and god knows I tried. I have igg3 deficiency which is a chronic shortage of antibodies in the immune system, and also a muscle disease. With that diagnose you know its 'game over' for academic studies. But this channel still brings me knowledge I'm dying to learn. I love it.
@drewdavis2392 8 жыл бұрын
+PBS Space Time Let me add my thanks as well. Let's face it: there are a zillion pop-sci TV programs about cosmology, black holes, etc, and they all stop at the same level of superficial detail. We don't need another one of those. But this channel trusts the viewers enough to go at least one step deeper, and so brings some new and interesting information to the subject, as well as a better understanding of what the more commonly seen qualitative handwaving is actually about. Even with just 10-15 minute segments, you're moving the level of education upward. Please keep it up.
@Futch22 8 жыл бұрын
I agree, I find it very interesting when you break down the math and explain it in depth. would love to see it future episodes!
@mouzaalmualla3084 8 жыл бұрын
I remember when I first started watching your videos, it would take me maybe 30 minutes of pausing and rewinding so I could have an obscure view of what you were talking about-- the concepts were so hard for me to understand. I truly believe your videos have increased my brain's ability to make sense of things, and have kind of been a workout for my mind. I love that you guys don't treat your audience like most of the documentaries out there do, like we don't even have a basic knowledge of physics. It makes your videos that much more fun to watch!
@EugeneKhutoryansky 8 жыл бұрын
For the annotation you added at 3:10, you may also want to mention this in the video description, as KZfaq annotations don't necessarily appear for everyone, or on all devices.
@pbsspacetime 8 жыл бұрын
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Good idea. Done.
@feynstein1004 8 жыл бұрын
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Hey Eugene. Looking forward to your next video.
@uhbayhue 8 жыл бұрын
thank u for commenting. I immediately went to the comment section to see if anyone else had noticed that the escape velocity formula was wrong, but it makes sense thx to u :)
@omsingharjit 6 жыл бұрын
I heard that the expention rate or speed of Galactic clusters by darkenergy acceleration is extremely faster then lightS , and we know anything that traveling faster then light can travel back in time , so M very curious to know what if I apply this effect with Darkenergy !!!!! mean I think if space between two clusters are expanding by such speed so in this way both galaxys can also creat Time Difference Potential relativity eachother !! or not ??
@theminutemenreport8822 2 жыл бұрын
@@pbsspacetime unless expansion rates show the universe is a fibonacci sequence; never begining never ending. Never heard the fibonacci theory anywhere else mabey something to look into??
@crater7 8 жыл бұрын
Please continue showing the math behind the ideas you talk about, when possible. It's highly enjoyable!
@nenmaster5218 2 жыл бұрын
Yeah
@redimp2028 8 жыл бұрын
This is the most frustrating cliffhanger I've every seen since the the end of Half Life 2.
@Scrungge 8 жыл бұрын
lol
@deathpony698 8 жыл бұрын
+Arth Freeman play ep1 & most of ep2 bruh
@ilaughalot99 8 жыл бұрын
+deathpony698 why would you do this?
@deathpony698 8 жыл бұрын
Mhairi McLaughlin because those snot antlions things
@GodOnStrike 8 жыл бұрын
+Arth Freeman Walking dead season 6 finale my friend, walking dead season 6.
@David_Last_Name 8 жыл бұрын
When he started talking about the possibility of future generations not being able to see other galaxies, and how that would effect their view of the universe, I couldn't help but be reminded of this: As our sun orbits the Milky Way it will gradually drift through various nebula and gas clouds in the galaxy. It's been estimated that this has happened probably a dozen or so times through Earths history, and it would take the sun millions of years to drift back through the cloud. While inside the nebula the gas cloud would block out ALL starlight in the night sky completely. Only the moon and planets in our solar system would still be visible. Now, just picture what this would have done to our civilization had humans appeared during one of these transits. Imagine if for the entirety of human history the night sky had been nothing but blackness with 5 points of light only. Humanity would have thought that our solar system was the entire universe right up until the invention of radio telescopes when we would have gotten our first indication of something outside our own solar system. Imagine if one of the most startling discoveries of the 20th century was not the discovery of dark matter or the expansion of the universe, but rather just the discovery that other stars exist!! Human history would have been VASTLY different. Just some food for thought!! :)
@extendoduck 5 жыл бұрын
David, you should check out the classic novel Nightfall by Isaac Asimov. Not quite the same premise, but the same effect: it describes a planet in a close-multiple star system so that full night only occurs once in several thousand years. One plotline deals with someone trying to figure out an explanation for this, and the effects when he discovers that there are other planets via their gravitational effects.
@someguy3766 5 жыл бұрын
Also consider this - humanity could go extinct within the next century. Trillions of years into the future, our cosmic horizon will prevent us from seeing other galaxies and even cosmic background microwaves. An alien civilisation could arise during this time, and could become significantly more advanced than us if they manage to avoid extinction and colonise the galaxy. And yet, because of the expansion of spacetime, they would know significantly less about the universe than we do now. Even as a K3 civilisation their understanding of the universe and physics would be inferior to 21st century humanity.
@jdkhare 4 жыл бұрын
Look up the planet Krikkit in the Hitchhiker's Guide. Pretty much the same premise.
@garyliu6589 4 жыл бұрын
1. If light from a distant big bang is reaching earth observer, then the earth observer is not travelling away at light speed, otherwise the emitted light will not be able to catch up with the observer. (observer moving away from light source due to the proposed universe expansion after big bang) Thus, the universe is not expanding at light speed, &/or earth is not coming from the big bang that is being observed. The universe is not expanding or collapsing as a whole, may be some part is expanding, some is collapsing, some is neither. Like a collection of bubbles, some burst, some expanding, some don. Actually the mathematical model of the universe suggested this 3 possibilities are possible. 2. Is ALL superclusters moving away from each other? We should not deduce the expansion if only SOME are observed moving away. May be we should look for the possibilities of superclusters closing in to each other. The golden rule of energy is, what goes up must come back down. Natural process is always work in a circle. Since energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it must always cycle in a circle.
@AliceHearthrow 3 жыл бұрын
@@garyliu6589 1. You can observe objects that you know are moving away at a faster than light speed, so long as its light which is now reaching you was emitted when it was not superluminal. And since the big bang happened everywhere and the light from that period is scattered everywhere, you will always be able to see it no matter its current speed (well actually at some point in the far it will be redshifted too much to be detected, but I digress) 2. Some are indeed closing in on each other, but only those close enough to each other for their common gravitational attraction to counteract the expansion of spacetime, and it is completely expected. Also to that last golden rule bit: dark energy cheats a little bit, because it does actually create energy from its supposed field. Matt talked about in a semi-recent video though I don't remember which one. It was something to do with the fact that the conservation of energy must be preserved in a closed system, but that the universe wasn't really a closed system in that way, iirc.
@trader025 8 жыл бұрын
Hands down ... best show there is in this field.
@winter32842 8 жыл бұрын
+trader025 Go Vote. We are in second place.
@Fsilone 5 жыл бұрын
Darn, I was a big fan of the idea of the entire universe collapsing into one final singularity.
@garyfoster1020 4 жыл бұрын
first episode I've seen with math.... as an engineering person, I would really LOVE to see more explanations with the equations. I can fathom a decent amount of the concepts but I've never been introduced to the math behind it and I'm very curious! It would probably help me understand some of the harder concepts
@andrewtataj497 8 жыл бұрын
I'll vote for ya. Honestly, I watch a lot of these science-y type channels and yours really does stand out because you tend to go into more depth of the mathematics and physics of the scenarios you're describing. Yes, you still give just an overview, but even in this one, showing the form of the equation is enough to gain an appreciation for all the forces involved. It's always very well done, so please don't shy away from the details, it's the thing I love most about your channel!
@DiegoLopez-eo7xn 8 жыл бұрын
+Andrew Tataj You're absolutely right. They don't get too deep into the maths but they do try to make you at least understand the concept of it, or what it means. I love this channel because unlike others they have some really interesting topics.
@frankschneider6156 8 жыл бұрын
+Andrew Tataj Absolutely agree, i guess that's their USP
@frankschneider6156 8 жыл бұрын
+PBS Space Time Hi, I just wanted to give you credit for actually getting into formulas and not shying away from them. I'm pretty sure that that's an issue you have intensively discussed internally, and it will cost you views, so kudos to you for sticking to it (albeit in an obviously easily digestible form).
@JSKiZZinQflat 8 жыл бұрын
Voyager's cameo at 8:46- 9:40
@CarrotSurvivor 8 жыл бұрын
You don't understand how much I love this channel
@cortster12 8 жыл бұрын
+Carrot Survivor I think I do.
@hamedabidi36 8 жыл бұрын
"the universe will expand forever" is a bold statement but it certainly looks to be the most likely outcome. I'm not sad , in fact i find it amazing that we're sitting here trying to predict how the future would look like in a quadrillion trillion years .That is what's so great about humanity.
@jettmthebluedragon 2 жыл бұрын
That may be but forever means forever 😐 so how are we living right now ?🤔 if the universe were to expand forever you might as well say earth would have never formed in the first place 😐and what was before the expansion 🤔? What caused the expansion in the first place 🤔and why are we not dead in the first place 😑
@terrencecoccoli524 8 жыл бұрын
It's amazing how you and your team can explain this in a language that we science plebes can understand. Thanks for making science more accessible.
@booJay 8 жыл бұрын
Quit being amazing, Science, or I will learn the crap out of you. Don't think I won't!
@screwhalunderhill885 6 жыл бұрын
B-B-Baka
@andreguimaraes9347 8 жыл бұрын
8:52 is that the Voyager probe in the background?
@pbsspacetime 8 жыл бұрын
+André Reis Good eye, André!
@andreguimaraes9347 8 жыл бұрын
Thanks! :D
@ryonhovey4450 8 жыл бұрын
+PBS Space Time I noticed that, at first I thought it wasn't intentional for some reason...
@Grzyb032 8 жыл бұрын
+André Reis Damm it! I was about to comment on that!
@MeatPops 8 жыл бұрын
Thanks again for an amazing video! I'm so glad you guys are bringing actual equations out and explaining them for us. I'm a total layman when it comes to physics but I really enjoy trying to wrap my head around this stuff!
@MrKandelion 8 жыл бұрын
this channel is truly something special. no joke, I often sit down and watch like 5-6 videos from this channel. I've watched all the videos about black holes like 100 times. You guys do a great job conceptualizing these complicated topics and I will have my mind blown over and over again when I watch this channel. THANK YOU
@AngeloBrillante 8 жыл бұрын
At 3:09 you're missing a 2 in the Escape Velocity formula :)
@pbsspacetime 8 жыл бұрын
+Angelo Brillante Oops, thanks for catching that. Annotation added!
@AngeloBrillante 8 жыл бұрын
My pleasure!
@SRNF 8 жыл бұрын
+Angelo Brillante
@RaimarLunardi 8 жыл бұрын
Best Channel in the Whole internet!!!!
@alderleyva1755 8 жыл бұрын
+Raimar Lunardi dont forget Veritasium and all of the Vsauce channels
@EnkeEnkhtsogt 8 жыл бұрын
+Raimar Lunardi Sixty Symbols is nice too
@alexandrugheorghe5610 8 жыл бұрын
None come close to this one :D Maybe Eugene's videos on physics.
@RaimarLunardi 8 жыл бұрын
I love Veritasium, Sixty Symbols, Numberphile, Vsauce, It's Okey to be Smart, Kursgesagt and many others! But Space Time is The Best, hands down!!!!
@jingchaoye 6 жыл бұрын
if we are the only species in the universe, then it's the best channel in the whole universe.
@MrMakae90 8 жыл бұрын
Can't wait for the other videos of this series.
@shahaed 5 жыл бұрын
Nice video! Explaining the math without too much handwaving was cool
@JackChappers 8 жыл бұрын
Please never stop making these videos they're what the world needs
@silicalnz3008 8 жыл бұрын
For some reason I was expecting a "yes" or "no" answer
@garethdean6382 8 жыл бұрын
+SilicalNZ It was a yes, just a long-winded one.
@silicalnz3008 8 жыл бұрын
spoilers
@oonmm 8 жыл бұрын
That would be to limit yourself to only two answears, when you could have infinitely many!
@silicalnz3008 8 жыл бұрын
Oh jeez, don't remind me of shakees video
@studtistics2448 6 жыл бұрын
So the universe will expand forever but it will eternally slow down?
@piplupsingularity 5 жыл бұрын
"If the kinetic energy of expansion and the potential energy of collapse are perfectly balanced" As all things should be.
@vikramvirulkar4616 8 жыл бұрын
Amazing episode! Best explanation for the expanding universe so far! Keep doing what you are doing, you are making a lot of people really happy!
@daclarooftw 8 жыл бұрын
no words the editing the amazing narrator. everything is perfect. I'm currently studying physics and this is wonderful
@cilvrado 8 жыл бұрын
Guys, don't forget to vote for the Webby nomination. Go Spacetime!!
@Impulsegt1 8 жыл бұрын
I smell something burning.....oh it's just my brain getting fried
@kaylebmoore4770 6 жыл бұрын
Impulsegt1 -ima say that when I'm on acid
@RafaelSoaresTorres 8 жыл бұрын
I just saw a ten-minute video on complicated Physical Mathematics, and it seemed so short and simple! Dudes, I really love spending my productive time watching you! Thanks and thanks again!
@GaryNMengle 8 жыл бұрын
I would like to see more of this kind of exploration of the math in future episodes.
@Memoonk 8 жыл бұрын
I must say you guys are getting better at explaining things. Great work 👍
@sithsmasher7685 8 жыл бұрын
+Memoon Khan Yeah and then some. The very first video on relativity with Gabe really freaked me out. He didn't explain the spacetime interval equation and I quickly got lost when he started about that minus sign. Above video shows how it should be done.
@Keysforjourney 8 жыл бұрын
if the answer is the big crunch, then we will meet here again after death to prepare for our birth.
@anissnoussi8991 7 жыл бұрын
I'm barely understanding these videos! yet they are very well made that I can't stop watching!
@eupraxis1 8 жыл бұрын
This is a great series. I look forward to it every week.
@nicosmind3 8 жыл бұрын
4 views and 25 thumbs up. Thats how amazing this channel is. It breaks KZfaq!! And with the spirit we can break GR and the speed of light barrier. Well done rule breakers. One rule at a time :)
@maj.peppers3332 8 жыл бұрын
+nicosmind3 now looking at 342 likes and 4 views :P
@studtistics2448 6 жыл бұрын
But the speed of light is a law. :)
@NATESOR 7 жыл бұрын
that pocket is incredibly distracting
@emersonherrera4939 5 жыл бұрын
😩
@while_coyote 8 жыл бұрын
These are awesome! Keep making these until timelike infinity!
@FanyCipta 8 жыл бұрын
Man, i really love this channel. It always open my eyes that there's more to see over the horizon that our eyes can perceived...
@sueken22able 8 жыл бұрын
8:46 - 9:12 was that Voyager 2 Cruising by, in the cosmic background? Haha.
@winter32842 8 жыл бұрын
I voted. This is my favorite science channel because I learn so much (other channels usually repeat same interesting facts). Go vote, we are in second place.
@diurdi 8 жыл бұрын
This episode was beautifully written. Perfect transition to the "...on space time." ending :D Can't wait for the next one!
@Mcbeth700 8 жыл бұрын
PLEASE NEVER STOP MAKING THESE! I need my Space
@6Twisted 8 жыл бұрын
I wish I could come back in 1000 years to know the answers to these questions, provided we're still around at that point. Interesting t-shirt design by the way...
@MrCristie1 8 жыл бұрын
can you do more videos like this. It was enjoyable with the little bit of math
@evanstone2015 8 жыл бұрын
+MrCristie1 i agree
@MaryAnnNytowl 2 жыл бұрын
I hope I'm not the only one that appreciates the Star Trek sound effects you guys sneak in to these videos! 😁 And I DO appreciate them! My ears always perk up when I hear one! Also, though I don't _quite_ always understand the maths involved in these videos (okay, TBH, I seldom understand all of it, LOL!), I enjoy them tremendously, anyway! Thank you for what you do!
@valken666 8 жыл бұрын
I'm very glad that you're explaining equations, the true nature of our world, etc. Keep doing this. Great work!
@JTCGiantz56 8 жыл бұрын
Damn you got a hell of an arm
@gerrimcdonnell6333 8 жыл бұрын
4 views but 220 likes lol
@Chrisallengallery 8 жыл бұрын
They've broken the space-time continuum.
@ozdergekko 8 жыл бұрын
+Gerri Mcdonnell -- early access for patreons?
@tylerradziewicz7702 8 жыл бұрын
Great episode! More than happy to vote for you guys. Never fail to blow my mind
@RegularBrady 8 жыл бұрын
I absolutely love this channel! Keep up the amazing work!!
@dschonsie 8 жыл бұрын
My belly does, so why not the universe?
@muuundotarde7914 5 жыл бұрын
dschonsie beacuse the american goverment does not funnel macdonalds into space, Lets pray they never do.
@howaboutno5569 5 жыл бұрын
There will come a point of a heart attack
@manit77 5 жыл бұрын
Do you de-gas in the morning
@kadavropodden 5 жыл бұрын
Ass above, so belly.
@cbremer83 8 жыл бұрын
Cliffhanger ending on The Walking Dead. Cliffhanger ending on Spacetime. At least I only have to wait a week to wrap up this one.
@NickRoman 8 жыл бұрын
I immediately went to vote on the Webby. This channel is awesome!
@sigmagx8956 8 жыл бұрын
I've never been so happy to have an explaination of the GR equations . Everyone thinks everyone else is stupid. But you take us seriously and say we will get through this trust me ... That's why I watch this show , aside from loving physics
@panshulpant2433 8 жыл бұрын
At 3:10 the formula for escape velocity should have a '2' inside the square root if I am not wrong...ie.., V=sq.root of 2*GM/R.
@pbsspacetime 8 жыл бұрын
+Panshul Pant You're absolutely right. Annotation added.
@panshulpant2433 8 жыл бұрын
+PBS Space Time Thanks for taking a note of it Sir . All your videos are Fantastic.! Greetings from India...:)
@lordgarion514 6 жыл бұрын
aa First of all, he's not a pseudo anything. Secondly, they thanked him right after he posted it, 19 months before your dumbass posted your stupid shit. Try reading next time.
@ethanfranzen8684 5 жыл бұрын
Without the 2, it is circular orbital velocity.
@megasupergames 7 жыл бұрын
Red shifting: So the space expansion is somehow extending the photon's wavelength to the point they actually become less energetic than they were at the start of their journey. Question: Where's all that energy going to?
@tararat 5 жыл бұрын
Photons getting DARK. Where goes the ENERGY?
@scienceguy6918 3 жыл бұрын
Good question. I was actually thinking about this today. My thought is that the energy doesn’t go anywhere. It’s more the idea that the energy is spread out, instead of concentrated.
@benjamincrom7276 8 жыл бұрын
I always get caught up in this channel and forget what time it is.....Yaaawwn, time to rack in lol. Thanks for the amazing content. Fantastic hosts, topics, graphics and layman's terms. You really are helping educate people and at the same time interacting with your fans and audience. Thanks Space Time !!!
@verelanz 7 жыл бұрын
You released this Dark Energy series just in time for my exam on advanced cosmology, and it's extremely helpful! thank you very much, you are great at explaining, Matt! :)
@palniok 8 жыл бұрын
Dat Voyager. :)
@Hecatonicosachoron 8 жыл бұрын
I often hear it said that the Einstein equations (including a cosmological constant) are the *only* consistent generally covariant equations linking geometry with stress/energy and also contain only up to 2nd order derivatives of the metric tensor. Who was it that proved that and when was it proven? Is it the only one because stringing together the metric tensor with itself several times it will contract to a unit tensor? Also is it not the case that if physical spacetime is not Riemannian (but can be modelled very well as one on all length scales that can be readily probed) then some very surprising things may be possible?
@ParvezMeherhomji 5 жыл бұрын
I really love the way you explain these concepts, theories and phenomenon. Fantastic vocabulary. 👏👏
@too-hot-to-handle01 8 жыл бұрын
Also, just because, you have the most mind blowing KZfaq channel of which I could think of. Thank you for letting me have something to definitely look forward to every week.
@ozdergekko 8 жыл бұрын
It was a hard decision between PBS and Veritasium. PBS got my vote because of Space Time and the versatility with nice shows like PhysicsGirl, Gross Science and more.
@TSMK900 8 жыл бұрын
Will you also be releasing a blooper video of when you dropped that apple at 2:42? I know you dropped it :p
@IABITVpresents 4 жыл бұрын
HE DID
@shaikshafi4332 7 жыл бұрын
Thanks much PBS Space Time...Kudos for your achievements!
@massimilianoc2436 8 жыл бұрын
This is the best youtube channel ever. Thanks Matt! :) (thanks Gabe too!)
@n1ira 8 жыл бұрын
plot twist, the equations are wrong and there is no dark energy
@emersonherrera4939 5 жыл бұрын
😏
@bagandtag4391 8 жыл бұрын
I would ask a deep question but I barely grasped what he was talking about Q_Q
@MythicalSkull13 8 жыл бұрын
This is one of my favourite channels on KZfaq, yet I've never fully understood a single video
@JACK-ze8rp 8 жыл бұрын
brilliant episode again , always watch these before bed so I can have space dreams , now its going to be a big rip nightmare, thanks anyway space time
@emmacloud4739 8 жыл бұрын
The universe on its largest scale looks like a neuron...
@JoshuaGilmer 8 жыл бұрын
+Emma Cloud I remember learning that on a large enough scale, everything looks like a sponge.
@JasonOwlbright 8 жыл бұрын
I HAVE SOO MANY QUESTIONS..
@morningmadera 8 жыл бұрын
+Jason Owlbright post some of them, maybe I can help with some answers ...
@frankschneider6156 8 жыл бұрын
+CeaoS Why did they cast Gal Gadot and not The Rock as Wonder Woman ?
@morningmadera 8 жыл бұрын
Frank Schneider Because of the Higgs field ...
@iamjimgroth 8 жыл бұрын
This is my favourite channel and I just realised I wasn't subscribed to it. Too bad that didn't mean I had missed any episodes.
@markfudge5642 8 жыл бұрын
I would like to thank you, lets just say that my education was limited and now in my 40's I am trying to educate myself. Though watching is like emptying a sinking ship with a spoon, I always understand the points made, even if I don't understand the maths. I love watching these and until today had thought that the universe would end in the big crunch, leading to another big bang. kinda like an extra life in a video game. So thank you, you have enriched a subject I have always been interested in.
@lokynokey4822 7 жыл бұрын
8:48 Do you think we wouldn't notice?
@Hstikkytokkyliveshd 7 жыл бұрын
what
@lokynokey4822 7 жыл бұрын
TheFlyingOwl The space probe.
@astroash2697 8 жыл бұрын
Expansion may slow down, stop, reverse, but the Universe will never end. Just in case, it comes with a reset button.
@Piffsnow 8 жыл бұрын
I didn't understand everything, but I enjoyed the formulas' explanations. We don't see that often on KZfaq, so thank you. :)
@pedroassis2777 8 жыл бұрын
I just realized I miss your episodes much more than I do for Walking Dead or other TV shows. Awesome work.
@dann6954 8 жыл бұрын
This is off topic but what would happen if someone was near a black hole and was experiencing time dilation that, say, made 1 hour for the person near it = 20 years for someone not being affected by the time dilation, tried to use radio communication to talk to the person far enough away to not be experiencing it?
@MCTutorialmaker 8 жыл бұрын
Should be nothing special.. The radio waves would travel at the speed of light to the person outside this heavy time dialation zone and this person will receive the message when these radio waves arrive.. Though their relative velocity to any one of the persons should change over time as they move away from the black whole.. What you have in mind as a direct radio communication only works at very small distances.. It's basicly still the sending and receiving of radio waves travelling at the speed of light
@williamjones1271 8 жыл бұрын
+Robin Ansorge (Rob24) but still the base oscillation of the time dilated region should be red shifted as to related to the proportion of time dilation, so a 1hr message from the dilated region would take 20yrs to receive and be audibly proportionate , making any form of information transfer tedious.
@MCTutorialmaker 8 жыл бұрын
+William Jones right.. The received message would be kind of stretched out
@dann6954 8 жыл бұрын
+William Jones Interesting, thanks for the answer!
@Eassstt 7 жыл бұрын
Guys please name the songs you use
@MrCrystalm8 7 жыл бұрын
Too many channels out there never bother to name the music they use, it can be frustrating.
@GlennKramer 8 жыл бұрын
One of the best videos you've produced!
@sevrjukov 8 жыл бұрын
Freaking epic videos on cosmology! Best on youtube by far. Guys, you totally rock, I voted for you on Webby Award.
@PinkBroBlueRope 8 жыл бұрын
under serious pressure here to think of something witty so i can become one of the top comments
@ouderwetsss 8 жыл бұрын
Society is hard, i feel you
@ahorrell 8 жыл бұрын
Them: "We'll need to peer into the mathematics" Me: "Aaaaaaarrrrghhhhhhh nooooooooooo I'm so stuuuuupid"
@AdamSmith-kl1rs 8 жыл бұрын
I'm gunna start taking notes when I watch this videos, don't wanna get behind!
@airplayn 7 жыл бұрын
Voyager coasting across the galaxy in the background was a nice super nerdy touch.
@thetruthfulchannel6348 8 жыл бұрын
I will outlive the universe.
@whiteautumn3167 8 жыл бұрын
+The Truthful Channel Sure
@uhbayhue 8 жыл бұрын
good luck buddy
@Ryan-xo8fj 8 жыл бұрын
Good luck getting past the time of time itself.
@kobil316SH 8 жыл бұрын
+The Truthful Channel mee too, so far so good
@ShynyMagikarp 8 жыл бұрын
This is based upon the homogeneity of the universe.. don't things like the Sloan Great Wall and the Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall call these types of assertions into question though?
@kobil316SH 8 жыл бұрын
+Lilz kinda
@mcarp555 8 жыл бұрын
+Lilz No, because over the expanse of the Universe, even those huge structures don't amount to much. It's like saying the density of an eyelash in a swimming pool should change the overall homogeneity of the pool.
@ShynyMagikarp 8 жыл бұрын
+mcarp555 I'm not sure you understand that I'm not the one suggesting this. Professional cosmologists are suggesting this now too. Not me. Them. I'm just asking how he can bring up the topic without making any mention of them?
@tonywells7512 8 жыл бұрын
+Lilz At the moment cosmologists can only speculate about whether these huge structures need an explanation beyond what is already known, or whether they are just a coincidental arrangement of structures which fit the model. We need to wait for more data across bigger slices of space, there are several surveys being planned to measure the distances to billions of galaxies across half the sky.
@ShynyMagikarp 8 жыл бұрын
+Tony Wells yeah. As of right now it's known whether these super structures obey our understanding of the large scale universe (cosmological principle) or defy our understanding, i just think that it was weird to make no mention of it at all in this video.
@Azombiebaby 8 жыл бұрын
I don't understand the calculations or technical side of this stuff but I do enjoy watching the videos :) I've put in my vote for you guys.
@harrygreenaway8003 8 жыл бұрын
I don't understand 80% of the things you say, but I love it and hope I can be like this one day, (seriously) keep up the good work ☺
@rashaadhudson1 8 жыл бұрын
94 likes 4 views KZfaq Logic
@garethdean6382 8 жыл бұрын
+Chronickilla Spambots can spam view videos, so views are scanned and processed, this takes time. Likes are just added since you can't spam them.
@Afrojackfan 8 жыл бұрын
HEY PBS Could you make a Video to the Flat Earthers im really really really tired of them. greetings from germany
@gmddeathangel3008 8 жыл бұрын
+Bimmer Mike They probably wont for a long time.
@Afrojackfan 8 жыл бұрын
+GMD DeathAngel why?
@gmddeathangel3008 8 жыл бұрын
Bimmer Mike Because they already plan their schedule a month ahead.
@Afrojackfan 8 жыл бұрын
+GMD DeathAngel ah ok yeah i know but in a Distant future it doesnt matter when :D
@pbsspacetime 8 жыл бұрын
+Bimmer Mike We have some plans, yeah. In the meantime there's this: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/d9BmfsZi0tzXlKM.html and VSauce nailed it with this one: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/jLShgdGGr7zHhqc.html
@buya3671 5 жыл бұрын
I have noticed that the episodes in this series average between 12 and 13 minutes. Just long enough to watch without you head exploding.
@RedHealthBlueMana 5 жыл бұрын
I love this channel! Very nice explanations. KEEP IT UP!
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