The first 100 people to go to www.blinkist.com/integza are going to get unlimited access for 1 week to try it out. You'll also get 25% off if you want the full membership.

I thought "relative speed" was your cousin who drives too fast

This was an excellent miniature rendition of the full scale. Love that you're pumping out quality content, Tomato Lord

14:56 I can hear ElectroBoom screaming "THERE IS NO FREE ENERGY!"

you have to give this man respect for putting on a full fit everytime he films

Integza: I can explain it better than you Veritasium: * 4 hours later * here's another video explaining it better

Here after Derek's video about the bet. Maybe you can add some thoughts on this debate, especially considering he also made a 3D model available from his testing.

The reason your car got a 1:1 rotation between the propeller and the wheels is because your gears at the front were a different ratio. This is also why you had some issues with the first propeller not moving very much. If you do a 3:1 ratio or something it might move easier with the first propeller

I understood the explanation about halfway through because i knew dereks explanation, and thenwhen you finished the whole wind exanation i finally realised that the wind can push the vehicle up to windspeed and then the ground is moving backwards at windspeed relative to the car, allowing you to exploit thatby using gear ratios for minimal drag. Dereks old explanation, new explanation, and integza's explanation all came together for an intuitive explanation in my mind.

"3d modeling is boring" I am literally listening to the Integza video while 3d modeling

The most scientific way, that I know, of calling someone fat is telling them "Time goes slower when I'm near you", because of relativity.

I love it when the KZfaqrs I watch watch the KZfaqrs I watch, hearing about it always just gives me a little spark of joy.

I’m sure you tried your best, but by adding the fan you broke the experiment. The whole point of using a treadmill is to move the ground instead of the air, so if the car moves in the opposite direction of the treadmill it moves faster than the wind, since the air is stationary. By adding the fan, you had to make sure that the car moved faster than the wind of the fan. Unfortunately it clearly didn’t move faster than the wind of the fan. You can see this because the string attached to the frame went forward instead of backwards. So unfortunately the was too much friction in the gears or the propellor wasn’t optimal.

video idea: design and print vehicle (thats fly or just drives on the ground) which will be powered by one of yours jet engines, i'll be pleased to see that. Tomatoes are disgusting!

I'm more curious about the fact that every science youtuber has a treadmill in their house.

I have a video idea: so tomatoes actually have a chemical in them called solanine which in high enough quantities can actually kill a human but only really high. I think a video of you doing some chemistry and trying to extract that chemical out of your arch nemesis tomatoes would be really interesting and entertaining!

When one of these vehicles is working right, it will actually travel straight into the wind, as seen in several other videos. That would be a much more impressive thing to show.

Its fun knowing that the reason this channel exist because of another KZfaqrs,can't wait for more chain reaction

How can you be so creative and at the same time have respect for a televangelist like Peterson.

I've been watching the other vids on this topic and yours did indeed clear up a lot of my confusion on how the propeller, wheels and tailwind make this thing go down the road. What made it click for me was understanding that the propeller was acting as a sail as well as a propeller. Thanks.

I don't think it so much "breaks" the laws of physics as it deftly exploits them. ;)

Video Idea:Please make a linear airflow chamber and test an airfoil for maximum optimisation. I think till now nobody has created a small airflow chamber, Petersripol tried but failed at last. I am a mechanical engineering student and a 3d printer will be very helpful to me.

If done right, you can accelerate the car on a treadmill with no fan or wind at all. Just the wind produced by the propeller can be enough to make the car go faster than the treadmill is spinning

Dude. I love every video you make. So entertaining! Thank you.

the timing of this video is like u have insider info

VIDEO IDEA SUBMISSION; "Stuff Made Here" just made a video where he showcases every tool he has in his shop by building catapults with each one. One of his catapults was 3d printed and was kinda lack luster. He's also not one to shy from a good competition...

Love your videos!!! So informative and such a fun entertaining watch!!!!

Always looking forward to the next video.

This did help me understand it better than Veritasium! Thanks!

Hey Integza, I bet you £10k that you're wro... nah actually, you're good.

You're a genius!! Love this!

Always love your hilarious presentation!

I'm sorry, but Derek uploaded around the same time and he explained it better. ;D For the video idea: You've already built a Stirling engine and we know that it turns a difference in heat into rotational energy. From what I heard, this process is reversible. So add a motor to the Stirling engine and see if you can improve the design to create a heat pump and generate a noticeable heat difference. Bonus points if it can actually be used to cool something.

Where do I send these 100's of old quadcopter propellers, carbon tubes, and servos to support the channel, Teg?

I'm enjoying this whole serie of videos about that car hehe great!!!

Great channel,very funny, just subscribed. I've noticed many physics channels (and most people commenting) do not understand mechanical engineering.

Bottom line - the point is the fact that the propellor connected to the wheels. The wind will take the car close to wind speed - then the prop basically do the addition - you can say trigo or you can say branuli. Now Im curious to make mathematical expression to calculate the equalibriume of the system and to extract the max velocity... If you have this I will agree that you got it.

Veritasium just did a $10K bet on this exact subject, you guys need to see it

Excellent job explaining this concept!

Another nice video from 3dtegza

Theres one experiment I've wanted to do for years. Pneumatically spinning a low temp liquid metal, and then running current through it. Inside of a glass container would be ideal, and my thought is using gallium or mercury. I just want to see what a magnetic field vortex might look like. Please, not even for the printer I really just want someone to do this.

I would love to see your try on ram jet !! they are clearly under rated 🚀🔥

Awesome vid great information

just as expected integza would make a vid with this topic

video idea: build a rocket engine that is powered by hydrogen and oxygen. and then make an electrolysing machine to make hydrogen and oxygen. another idea: make a rotary mill from 3d printed parts and items from the hobby store (this can be used to machine rocket parts and a rocket nozzle from graphite for example)

Add one more thing: fixed propeller has drag almost equal to drag of propeller's projection, but spinning propeller has drag equal to 8/10 of a circle it spins in. That is how autogyros works - those flying machines has angled propeller that acts like a huge round perforated wing when spinning. And it also has airfoil in addition to that. Create a rocket powered autogyro with 10 small rockets lighted one after another.

Wow, you explanation is way better than the original video and the model is great. I just finished printing my own. Thanks

You're mixing two frames of reference here. To use the threadmill example, where the car is moving forward in the air with the ground moving backwards underneath it: - The wheels drive the propeller - The propeller accelerates the air backwards, creating thrust. Now let's move our perspective to the ground being stationary and the air and car moving in the same direction: - The wheels drive the propeller (same same) - The propeller slows down the wind behind it, creating a low-speed area behind it. This is where the energy comes from to go faster than the wind. Say the airspeed is 20 kph and the propeller accelerates it with 15 kph in the opposite direction. The resulting airspeed is still forward, but at 20-15=5 kph. It's a wonderful almost counter-intuitive system, but once you grasp it it's simple and elegant.

Video idea: Gyroscopically Stabilized Tomato

Video idea: make a 3D printed Ekranoplan.

and for the people wondering how it can accelerate more and more on the treadmill, yes its possible but the energy comes from the treadmill motor itself. the propeller connected to the wheels causes the wheels to require a higher force to spin which slows the treadmill down but the treadmill motor counteracts this slowdown. so the energy in that case comes from the treadmill motor! cool right?

The way i understand it is that you have 3 points of reference: Wind, ground, vehicle. Drag (wind-vehicle) will accelerate the vehicle against the ground. In turning the wheels and turning the propeller you put additional air in between the vehicle and the wind, adding more momentum. So it's basically like an afterburner. Like an additional cushion you propel yourself against from. It's not a vacuum after all. Wind(W), displaced air (A), Propeller (P) W==> P Max speed is reached when W => P,V

video idea: make a CVT transmission and test with your engines and use to make vehicles or maybe throw a tomato on it while running >:)

luckily he uploaded a new video about it 5 hours after you lmao

This was an excellent explanation. Thank you.

"The Dark Arts of Trigonometry!" Me: "Dark Arts is putting it kindly." Also I want to add my thoughts. Even a Sail boat that is Tacking in the wind at the optimal angle has an absolute limit beyond the speed of the wind. For the very same conclusion you came to. The low pressure in front of the sail pulling it faster than the wind behind the same sail eventually equalizes because of the on coming air pressure. You could do this same experiment on water by replacing the Sail with a big wind blade that's tied to a Prop under water(if you didn't couple it to an under water prop the Wind blade would just pin wheel).

Did Integza know Veritasium was about to post an update to day?

Attach the Dremel to your 3d printer and make it into a cnc. That's my idea

Your tomato based engineering has definitely kicked Veritassium's butt on explaining how this could happen, way to go Integza! :)

YOURE GREAT INTEGZA !!

Video idea: put rocket engines on the “laws of physics breaking car” and see how fast it goes or Mach a new care with the same concept as this one but with rockets instead of wind

Video idea: You need to build a vehicle that launches tomatoes backward for thrust!

You nailed this one! I saw the video of the car and didn't get it but you illustrated it perfectly for a tomato brain like mine to understand. Thanks your the best!

I watched both of Veritasium's videos on this, as well as Steve Mould's, and I still couldn't wrap my brain around the effect. In this video though, YOU finally broke it down in a way that something clicked and I now can understand what's going on. The propeller is BACKWARDS; the wind would normally spin it in it's natural direction, but the prop is mechanically geared/attached to the wheels in this backward orientation. When the wind blows, rather than working to spin the prop, it instead just PUSHES the whole vehicle contraption forward (just like any object in the wind would move forward, as long as friction is forgiving enough). As the wind pushes, the car is rolling forward and the wheels are turning, which then spins the prop in the BACKWARDS orientation. Because the prop is spinning backwards, it continues to act as an efficient sail, and the wind keeps pushing the car forward until vehicle speed matches air speed (minus friction?). However, because of the special propeller shape, with enough speed, the prop eventually ALSO starts doing ITS job, of making a high and low pressure pocket. Because it's now spinning, while the whole car is also still being pushed forward by the wind, we now have two methods of thrust rather than one, overcoming the speed of just the wind sail on it's own. As long as the vehicle is designed in such a way that friction is low and propeller thrust is high, the outcome is an acceleration vector in the direction of the wind, larger than that of the wind itself. I think I get it!! 😊 In my opinion, Integza, you've won this one! The only thing I will say that Veritasium did do better was the model car. He continued to work on the design (with the help of a friend) to eventually get the car to a point where it CAN drive faster than the treadmill, without the need for a fan as additional force. Because you used a fan AND a powered treadmill, that's definitely cheating and does not actually demonstrate or prove the point you're trying to make, so the example is a little lost/nullified... That's okay though! Your easy-to-understand explaination made up for it 😊😊 Thanks for your fantastic and educational videos, Integza! ♥

What about building a "Compressed air cannon" which can be used to kill "Tomato Lord jr" by using his fellow tomato army or other materials .

Have you ever experimented with the Magnus effect? For those that are unsure of what this is, here is a simple demonstration: 1: Take the insides out of a Bic ball point pen (the kind that is just a straight, un-tapered cylinder works best) 2: Place the cylinder on the edge of a surface that is off the ground. 3: Place 3 fingers from each hand on the cylinder slightly closer to you than the center of the cylinder. 4: Push down with your fingers evenly until the cylinder "pops" free from your fingers. This should create backspin on the cylinder and forward momentum which, if done right, will cause the cylinder to lift or float as it moves forward.

I love this guy. He is who got me into this kinda stuff

Thanks, Integza!

integza 3d printed exoskeleton when ? ;) we really wanna test the limits of a 3d printer

The propeler on the sail car is not connected to the wheels, the belts coming down from the propeler are for pitch control alone.

Thank you! So glad someone else saw the flaw in Veritasium’s explanation on how the vehicle is propelled. Right after they released the second video, I messaged saying that they weren’t quite right, but never heard back. Not that I expected to because they can’t respond to everyone. I wish I’d seen this video sooner; not sure how I missed it. It would have saved me from ruminating on this.

Great work as always. I would like to see your take on sugar rockets. Maybe incorporate some of your nozzle designs to see the max thrust that could be achieved from a sugar rocket.

video idea: use large bottles and fill them with air, make a variable nozzle, attach it to the rotary engine car, and yeah my idea is to build a long lasting rc car

Video idea for you: Try 3d printing a steam turbine. Not the boiler obviously, but a tesla turbine or normal turbine would be cool :)

You should power a vehicle with your 3D printed jet engines. I love 🍅. Your content is truly great man. I look forward to watching and learning.

Great video! I do quibble with the fan behind your treadmill. Your cart may work, but the fan removes your ability to show that it is actually moving faster than the air relative to the belt. I just built a lil teeny one yesterday that runs in a circle for hours (just uploaded a video).

02:05 He is role-playing napoleon killin a Russian tomato

I pray Derek watches this too and appreciates you as much as you should.

love this explanation!

You actually explained it the same way I understood how it was working.

For the video you should make a vehicle that holds your jet engines

3D print a rigid Zeppelin style air ship. I don’t think it’s been done before.

I think the clearest explanation of how the car works is Veritasium's animation of the sailboat traveling on the cylindrical world, but I enjoyed your video for the slow motion run into the tomato.

The ads tricked me for a second. Right after you said "3D print a car" an image of a Pizza appeared and it took me a little while that it was an ad and not your brilliant car design :)

"We only do punk rock science here" Best motto ever! Also, if you make that into a sticker, I'll definitely buy!

Video Idea: Revisit your turbocharged pulsejet idea. On your last one, you had the turbo blow air into an open intake on the ramjet. If you completely seal off the intake and allow only the pressurized air to enter, you should b able to generate more thrust because there are no exhaust gases escaping through the intake.

By adding the fan you've increased the relative speed of the "wind" to threadmill + fan, so the car has to go forward faster than the fans wind, on a threadmill. That's the whole point of the threadmill. With your setup even a wheel will go faster than the threadmill with sufficiently fast fan. Boo.

Basically, the car's blades act as a sail surface. When said sail surface is also moving, the speeds are compounded. This, the speed of said object becomes faster than the air pushing it. If you check the windspeed of the fan at it's output, it should be greater than the speed of the air pushing it.

Video Idea: Build a liquid salt nuclear reactor!

The line I most like in this channel: Tomatoes are disgusting 🍅 😂

The air pocket is like a cvt transmission because as speed increases there’s more and more of an air pocket for the wind to push on

I love that you're encouraging free thinking

Once again asking Joel to make a propane-powered sonic cannon to explode tomatoes

video idea: "improve" the faster than wind car using a vortex rocket

I have watched 4 videos on this and still scratching my head.

Bravo Integza, bravo 👏👏👏

Video Idea: since you use a 3D printer, why not to do an automatic filament changer! It would be amazing, and complex!

Great job explaining this topic! For a future video, how about building a rocket that instead of having a parachute to bring it back down gently, a foldable propeller pops out and uses autorotation to slow down its fall? Your mention of Derek’s video about gyroscopic precession got me thinking about the fascinating physics behind helicopter flight.

Love the combination of science and silliness (sillience?). Your video helped me to understand. The moving car is stationary relative to the wind but a rotating propeller still generates thrust in still air. As far as the free energy argument goes, without the propeller, the car won't go faster than the wind no matter how much surface area it has. Any surface area in excess of that required to overcome mechanical friction can gather the energy required to drive the propeller. Sorry to say, but I like tomatoes.

can't wait for your follow up to the followup