⚡Enrol here for Sunday LIVE Mentorship sessions: www.levelupias.com/upsc-history-optional/ Sunday Session starts 1st week of August

From now while eating potatoes...taste of history as well😂

Join History Optional Telegram: t.me/nikhilhistoryoptional ⚡️Enrol here for Sunday LIVE Mentorship sessions: www.levelupias.com/upsc-history-optional/ Sunday Session starts 1st week of August Any queries Contact: 08045248491 / 7041021151

sir is there any way that we can get your handouts....

Best lectures on History op, very informative. Thank you!

Thank you for the classes.❤

Thank you sir

Sir history ka complete syllabus ✅✅ Karvna please ❤❤❤

Thanks sir for providing free lectures of history optional for upsc cse ❤❤

49:56 Elon Musk also supported this guy

Great wrk sry❤❤❤❤❤❤

amazing sir, this can easily be converted into a successful history podcast for everyone to access. lovely.

Thanks sir❤

Simply superb Sir.. Tq❤

Thank you sir

Great session

⚡Enrol here for Sunday LIVE & mentorship sessions: www.levelupias.com/upsc-history-optional/ Sunday Session starts 1st August Please note- All History Optional Foundation lectures are FREE on KZfaq (kzfaq.info/sun/PLRY4mFD-4D6vtSbANoszeV4GueXhrRdP7) Separate registration is required for Sunday Live that will include Notes, Mentorship, Answer writing and strategy sessions, and more Queries? Contact: 08045248491 / 7041021151 Join History Optional Telegram: t.me/nikhilhistoryoptional

Thank you for the classes.

Thank you for this lecture

A chapter from Les Miserables was there in NCERT English book- "Bishop's Candlesticks", something about a thief and candles stolen from the house, and he was later forgiven...

Thank you sir

Thank you sir

Thank you sir

Join History Optional Telegram: t.me/nikhilhistoryoptional ⚡️Enrol here for Sunday LIVE & mentorship sessions: www.levelupias.com/upsc-history-optional/ Sunday Session starts 1st August Any queries Contact: 08045248491 / 7041021151

⚡Enrol here for Sunday LIVE & mentorship sessions: www.levelupias.com/upsc-history-optional/ Sunday Session starts 1st August

one of the best initiatives. ty so much sir

Honestly, these are very high quality lectures. Very grateful Sir!

18:40 I remember Shelly translating Plato's Symposium into English. Perhaps it's during this time of Greek Independence....

Renaissance was about reconnecting with wisdom of antiquity and since the existence of medieval Roman empire suggested there were European who never lost touch with antiquity; Western European want to draw clear line between the ages, to better distinguished classical Latin speaking pagan romans from medieval Greek speaking Christian romans; Scholer renamed later group Byzantine, so after 100 years of the decline , byzintine word born.

Renaissance was about reconnecting with wisdom of antiquity and since the existence of medieval Roman empire suggested there were European who never lost touch with antiquity; Western European want to draw clear line between the ages, to better distinguished classical Latin speaking pagan romans from medieval Greek speaking Christian romans; Scholer renamed later group Byzantine

Under Sunday Live you will get Class Notes, Mentorship, Answer writing & strategy sessions, and more.⚡Enrol here for Sunday LIVE & mentorship sessions: www.levelupias.com/upsc-history-optional/ Sunday Session starts 1st August Queries? Contact: 08045248491 / 7041021151 Join History Optional Telegram: t.me/nikhilhistoryoptional

i wish many of my mates including me make you proud

eye opening lecture Sir, thank you!

💯

sir can we get only pdf notes at reasonable price ???

Thank you sir 🫡

Jo bhi ho poll sabki khuli hai

thank you so much sir.

awesome lecture thank u sir

Thank you sir

0:44 Notes Upgradation with new knowledge 3:41 Scope and timeline of IR - started in Britain (1770s) 5:20 Phase 2 5:51 Scope - 1. Evolution vs Revolution 2. Why Britain first? 3. 1st vs 2nd IR? 6:57 Is there British template for its spread 7:33 Consequences 7:53 Gr wrt nationalism, Fascism 8:05 Why Communist Revolution in Russia? 8:48 USA wrt Civil War 9:10 Japan - only white country 14:14 Revolution vs Evolution 14:40 JA Blanqui - French term 15:01 Arnold Toynbee - English - 1880s 15:55 Fundamental transformation - P/T/D 16:46 Was it only industrial? 19:18 Was it sudden? (crucial for revolution) 21:08 Relative idea of time (eg Neolithic) 22:36 No ending 23:07 Alternative term: Industrialization 23:49 PYQs 27:47 Intro - IR 29:25 Not only machines/ technology - organisation and process equally imp. 30:35 Causes of IR in Br. 30:40 George III (1760-1820) and his son William IV (1830-37) 31:17 Commercial Revolution - Spain and Portugal leading 32:41 Generic Causes 32:51 Agrarian Revolution 34:12 Enclosure movement - Commercial land & wool 34:53 Enterprising Aristocratic class - Britain 35:03 Vs French Anamalous aristocracy 35:24 Gentlemanly Capitalism 35:40 Consequences - 35:45 More crops 35:45 Ousted serfs - labour class (not tied to land) 37:11 India - Agricultural productivity precondition for IR 38:04 Transportation Revolution 38:34 Canalmania 39:45 Geographic factor of Britain - coal and iron mines (Geographic determinism) 40:56 Weight reducing Industries - Transportation costly 41:56 Proximity of iron and coal 42:18 Commercial revolution 43:57 Cotton demand 44:23 banking system - Lloyds (1765) and Barclays (1690) 44:47 Marx - primitive capital accumulation (first huge seed money) 45:41 Src - Agri Revolution, Atlantic slave trade, Plunder of Plassey, trade surplus 47:13 Politics around slavery - pride in ending slavery 48:42 Niall Ferguson Conservative Imperialist White Superiority Syndrome 48:19 Liberals - External exploitation (colonialism, slave) led to the accumulation of primitive capital 50:35 laisse faire in Britain vs top down imposition and mercantilist restrictions (guilds oppo.) in other countries 51:05 Technological Revolution 51:22 TS Ashton - it's not one innovation but a series of incremental changes 53:18 Examples in Textile 57:34 53:52 Textile chain - Ginning & Carding - Charkha Spinning - loom weaving - bleaching & dying - Sewing 56:36 Ikat and double ikat 59:09 Metallurgy and Mining technologies 59:59 safety lamp and Water pump 1:00:57 1776 - Steam Engine by James Watt 1:02:32 Joseph Schumpeter’s Theory of Creative Destruction of technology (Proto-Industrialization) 1:05:04 Putting out system - bypassing guilds 1:06:43 Carlo M. Cipolla - Cultural Determinism 1:07:01 Politico-Administrative Factors 1:07:25 Why Nations Fail? Acemoglu & Robinson - inclusive and non-extractive system 1:08:17 Glorious Revolution (1688) - H/o Lords (capitalist supported aristocratic class) 1:08:59 Transition: Mercantilism (monopolistic EIC) to [1793, 1813, 1833, 1853] free trade capitalism 1:13:02 IPR rights and legal framework 1:15:50 Socio-cultural factors 1:17:03 Religious factors - Max Weber 1:17:41 RH Tawney - Simplicity vs Conspicuous Consumption 1:21:40 Catholic Sunday vs Protestant work is worship 1:22:59 Individual salvation 1:24:29 Literacy increases for bible reading 1:26:03 Idea of Calling and Higher consciousness for your profession 1:27:47 1st vs 2nd IR 1:31:36 1st - Eric Hobsbawn: "Whoever says IR says cotton" PYQ (1st phase) 1:32:37 Rostow - "take off" - iron and railway (2nd phase) 1:34:32 growth - 1000x factor & 40x power loom 1:34:55 Labor - P. Deane cheap labor 1:36:44 Charles Dickens - Coke town 1:37:16 avg time span - 18 yrs in Manchester 1:38:33 Sugar (energy) and palm (oiling) plantation 1:39:43 Changing tastes - Market advertising (sp. 3rd IR) - tea, opium 1:40:06 Mad men series about advertising 1:42:38 Industrial Espionage 1:44:12 1802 4% GDP cotton; 1812: 8% 1:44:53 2nd IR 1:45:06 capital goods - engine 1:50:09 Indigenous innovations 1:51:44 Impact/ Consequences 1:55:06 Economic Impact 1:55:33 Consumer friending cheap goods 1:55:41 Economic integration 1:55:57 per capita GDP 5x with incr. in popn. 1:56:20 rural to urban 1:58:06 England - workshop of the world 2:00:44 Calico's law - swadeshi of Britain 2:02:17 One-sided free trade 2:02:56 Income Inequality - production but distribution 2:05:06 Social Impacts 2:06:04 Urbanization 2:08:00 Socio-cultural values - efficiency, profit and competition 2:08:43 material happiness 2:10:08 class - bourgeoisie (capitalist + professionals) and proletariat 2:10:48 Middle class - both beneficiary and victim 2:12:17 Alienation - dehumanizing and monotonous work conditions 2:13:10 cog in wheel or replaceable human 2:13:37 worked for price but now paid for wage 2:14:52 modern times Charlie Chaplin 2:16:30 literal cog in wheel 2:19:17 Movies by Charlie Chaplin 2:19:54 Boredom is city phenomenon DH Lawrence 2:21:04 16 hours 2:22:45 Sixteen Tons song 2:25:12 absence of labor rights 2:25:42 Education - right or privilege Impact on Family and Gender Roles - Next Class

Just tell lie

V in German is mostly pronounced as 'f'. So Volk= 'folk'. Burschenschaft- It's like 'Sharp'. No 'Kh'. 'Kh' isn't actually that common in German, and it's usually a lighter 'Kh', sounds like coughing(e.g. Bach, Dach, Loch) Z in German is mostly pronounced as 'S'. So it's 'Sollferein.' S is mostly pronounced as 'z'. So Eisen is 'Eizen' J is pronounced mostly as 'Y', and it's pronounced correctly in the video.

Amazing lecture Sir, very grateful!

💯

Amazing class Sir! can we kindly get 2 lectures per day if possible?

Wonderful discussion sir

Thank you sir