Thank you .

Thank you .

Yo I did not ask to see a corpse at 14:33 😱

What are the chances that there's a Tesla car floating out there between Earth and Mars?.... :) say some future intelligent being.

Easily the best explanation of a topic that always confounds me that I've come across. Thank you for the open education!

Great video! I live in the current taconic mountains on the Rensselaer Plateau which has the oldest rocks in NYS. The northern Taconic’s are still quite impressive! The highest summit being Equinox Mountain in Manchester Vermont at just under 4k feet in elevation.

If Samarium-147 takes 106 billion years to finally decay to Neodymium-143, then how have we ever observed that happen? If it really takes that long, then we should never see any Neodymium-143 because according to most scientists, the universe is only like 13 billion years old. How was the time frame discovered? There are a few assumptions that seem to have been made here. Upon creation of the rock, it's assumed that only the parent isotope was present, yet there could be daughter atoms present already (E.G. Cardenas Basalt layers in pre-cambrian rock layers and Uinkaret basalt flows on top of the Grand Canyon date the same age with Rb-Sr method). Along with this, over the vast amount of time suggested by radiometric dating, another assumption is that there has been no contamination sometime in the past where daughter atoms are inherited into the tested samples. Along with these, we're also assuming that the radioactive decay rate has remained unchanged and static over the suggested billions of years. For example, let's suppose that the decay rate is actually a negative exponential curve and since we're so far late in the history of the universe, the decay rate has gotten to the point where the curve rests just above the asymptote, thus appearing as a static unchanging line since we've only been observing this phenomenon for a few decades. Your video mentioned that Radiocarbon dating cannot be used for dinosaur fossils. How do you explain the results of radiocarbon dating on Centrasaurus fossils that yielded approximately 33k years ago which is within the radiocarbon dating range?

Sir Isaac Newton is well known and famous for formulating the laws of motion and his discoveries in connection to gravity, what is much less well known about Newton is that he was a believer in alchemy even though it is rubbish.

I think that the late Carl Sagan would appreciate this series, I wonder if the printer of this video series has watched the TV-series "Cosmos"?

Aside from homeopathy (Medical quackery) another example of pseudoscience is so called "Intelligent Design".

Originally with CO2 in the atmosphere I suspect its initial concentration would've been in the low Parts Per Thousand (PPT).

A few years ago in Scientific American (I think) that the inner-core is a few hundred degrees hotter than the surface of the Sun.

Apparently recent studies of the Earth/Theia impact indicate that the Moon formed extremely rapidly after the impact in just a matter of hours.

In regards to Jupiter's core's size and mass you will want to revise video and other related ones given the scientific discoveries from the Juno space-probe.

If Jupiter were 15 or 16 times its' current mass it wouldn't be a star it would be a low-mass Brown-dwarf, to become a star with sustained hydrogen-fusion it would have to be at least 76 times its' current mass.

Since it turns out that the Outer Core/Mantle boundary isn't smooth would this help explain the presence of Mantle-plumes?

Great video

Excellent! Great explanation, very high quality stuff. Thanks.

This is perfect for me thank you

K2 is not in Pakistan infact it is located in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir.

Excellent presentation!!! Thank you. Totally digestible content🫡

fascinating stuff. thank you!

I guess eventually a new subduction break will appear going under southern India.

This is a very useful video, and very clear. Thank you.

U mean when demonrats open their mouths...a prime example is the mentally ill creepy as women on the view..nasty ass cult SUPREEMISTS..

Really enjoyable video - a complex topic, explained clearly, is always more likely to be understood.

Thank you for your contribution to those of us seeking knowledge.

outstanding.

Excellent! This video shows how continents evolve from primeval basalt. I have read that early earth history is largely about the evolution of minerals and rocks but this video shows just how. I also read in a geology book how the earth under where I live was once and island arc in some long-gone ocean and I was astonished. How could this be!? This video explains exactly how. Much thanks to Dr. Haas for this series.

Fantastic

Was amused to see the beautiful hunk of Jacobsville sandstone, with the iron reduction spot, having just found two on a Lake Huron beach.

The Berlin specimen of archaeopteryx is not the best preserved skull. It’s far better than the London specimen,,,, but the thermopolis specimen and the Eichstätt specimen are much better…

Loving this channel, the content is so informative and presented in a clear way Thank you so much for providing this for free

You can watch tbe final jig saw giant tree stump and also hang man on biblical trees those rings are tree rings

Wrong all rocks come from mountains wich are giant petrified tree stumps quarts and all gem stones are petrified tree sap

So pleased I found this channel. It's so good. Due to partial melt, wouldn't it be the case therefore that continental crust would perpetually grow? It seems like a n ongoing accretion process.

I have a doubt, here you said that plagioclase will start at Ca-rich and ending at Na- rich plagioclase. But we have Plgioclase which is zoned as calcium rich in core and sodium rich on the rim. how does this happen? {If we were to start cooling from outside, then rim should be Ca rich and core should be Na-rich. IF crystal grows outwards (i think this is the case) then Core should be Calcium rich and Rim should be Na- rich} How do we have plagioclase which is Ca-rich in core n Na-rich on rim?

Man, I wish I'd had you teaching when I had my Mineralogy and Geochemistry classes (back a few decades ago). I later worked on my Masters with a thesis on the mineralogy of Arkansas carbonatites so melts and partial melts were "hot" topics in that area!

Excellent video. Very good instruction for lay-persons interested in geology and earth history. Thank you for this video series.

Remember also that the Appalachians extend into The British Isles and Scandinavia as Northern Europe was also part of the story. The Northwest corner of Scotland is part of The Canadian Shield up to 3 billion years old. There are also sedimentray sandstones over a billion years old.

11:20 Appalachian mountain

Impressive video. Clear and comprehensive. thanks

Super interesting, as I often get the order of metamorphism from shale to gneiss wrong; this explained it clearly

Very helpful to see how slate ultimately transforms to gneiss and schist

I’m learning a lot through watching this series; thanks

How did someone figure out the half-life of potassium, or any of the other elements whose half-life is even in the tens of thousands of years? You are not going to get to one half daughter.

Wow, I've been watching a number of different videos about radiometric dating and this is the best one so far. Fascinating stuff!

what the scallop!

I’m confident that if we live long enough to see the start of the end of our carbon cycle we’ll figure out how to fix it. Maybe by increasing the number and frequency of volcanic eruptions.