This is a really good question, and I probably should've been more clear about this in the video. When we quote the apparent magnitude of any object, it is a standardised measure that assumes ideal observing conditions (and so this is sometimes referred to as the "intrinsic" apparent magnitude). (Note: if that answered your question, feel free to ignore the rest of this comment - I thought I'd provide some additional information but I don't want to cause any more confusion!) Meanwhile, the "observed" apparent magnitude of an object can vary due to weather conditions, pollution, etc (and we usually ignore such effects in questions like those). Apart from "intrinsic apparent magnitude" and "observed apparent magnitude", we could also talk about the concept of "percieved brightness", which is an arbitrary term to refer to how bright a star is _percieved_ to be in the sky. It is _percieved brightness_ that's affected by light pollution. If you think about it, light pollution alone doesn't change the apparent magnitude of an object, because the object is just as bright as it was before - it's just that the background sky is brighter than it would otherwise be. What happens when we're dealing with light pollution is that the background light "overpowers" those dimmer stars and so only the brighter stars are visible at all. There's a change in "percieved brightness" because the brightness contrast between the stars and the background sky has been reduced. Dim stars are even harder to see and hence appear even dimmer, but this alone does not affect their (both intrinsic and observed) apparent magnitude. An even more nuanced point that I wondered about once is the question of whether light pollution can somehow "add" to a star's brightness and actually cause its apparent magnitude to increase. Effects like that, however, are negligible (and kind of complicated) and don't really affect the observed apparent magnitude. If you have any more questions, feel free to reply to this!

Thank you so much, and best of luck with your A-Levels and applications!

Thank you so much, I love your channel!

Amazing to work with you on this video - I learned so much about space and astronomy in the process!

In the summer

I do have these www.alevelphysicsonline.com/introduction-to-a-level-physics

😢😅

A-Level...