I enjoyed this. The clear breakdown of seeing a bunch of familiar concepts be put together in an interesting way. The screw bushings seemed neat! I'll see if I can buy some. I've had fun with making silly custom ball bearings with 3 mm balls and reinforcing the inner part by an M3 screw encased in 0.4 mm thick walls. It works well enough, but a simple metal bushing like that seems brilliant.

Think is a cool idea, similar but slightly different from the split ring planetary, I still can't get my head around how does the middle sun gear 1 tooth off but the same diameter ?.

Really awesome! Great ingenuity!

I am interested in the math of this.

I finished writing my computer emulation of your Turing cardgame. I think it came out well. I wanted to add a HALT command and a larger tape. I had 1280x1024 pixels to work with, so I made the card images 80x80 pixels. I capped the maximum number of machine states at 7, and reserved the value 8 in the 'next state' field to be interpreted as HALT. I also added three rows of 16 cards for the tape. Each row is headed by a tape start offset, just like yours, but the program adds these 3 values up to compute the tape start, giving a larger range. I also implemented an edit mode, where a card that gets clicked by the mouse can have its value changed up or down with the keyboard arrow keys. And there are commands to load and save the Turing program to disk files. I wrote several Turing progams for it, including the 4-state Busy Beaver, which runs correctly for 107 states, leaving 13 1's on the tape and then halting. Unfortunately, this program is written in a rather obscure language, MMBasic. I am thinking of a rewrite in Javascript, but that is a whole new project. You can view a screen shot of the program here: www.thebackshed.com/forum/ViewTopic.php?PID=222326#222326.

Such a great concept to teach how does a turing machine work and get a feel for it, also such a clean and nice design. Love your work

Greatest explanation and operation demo of Turing machine I've seen. Thanks. Is a neural network card game next? :)

I do notice one problem, however: You say that the program can have up to 8 states, but the card that counts the number of states can only count up to 7. (Or do you let 0 stand for 8 states?)

I wonder if a quantum computer is turing complete.

Seeing it made me want to replicate it on Unity but yeah i dont think i ever will.

Turing should have gotten to see AI.

Chris Staecker has reviews of some different paper computers on his channel, and some great other content too, including some details about the inner workings of Curtas. Recommended. I love his sense of humour.

would love something like this, but with a kind of game mat to play on, that shows where to place the cards and what the position means. would be so cool if this was a mobile game as well. and actually had millions of cards and be able change how fast it runs or even step though. this is great abstraction btw, im building something kind of like this out of discreet logic. but seeing it displayed like this helps me understand what it is i am trying to do. ...... do you only need two states? is it possible to code the machine with an arbitrary amount of states? or would it even matter?

can it play doom?

Very nice! I have written several programs to implement and visualize Turing Machines. Your card game is a slick way of demonstrating how a Turing Machine works!

I think technically you can use any collection of cards, as long as each card has four distinct orientations.

Very cool!

This game should be part of Computing 101

Just print more RAM!

I love the idea of physically moving cards around! It sounds fun to tinker with Turing diagrams, then play them out step by step... it was very satisfying to watch you run the programs! Are you selling this game anywhere, or do you have a list of the rules/machine language if I wanted to make my own cards?

what 81 views?? im blown away, this should have more! I thought it would have at least 100k lol. Anyways, thanks for making, i enjoyed it :)

Now you must write a compiler that'll output commands for a robot that'll place these cards on the floor.

www.geartechnology.com/ext/resources/issues/0614x/epicyclic_drives.pdf

Very interesting! It is a variation of split-ring compound planetary gearbox, but better in some respects. I have an application for something like this, and am interested in your thoughts: I am not as interested in small size, high torque conversion, or high speed. I am concerned with positioning accuracy, smooth operation, and lack of "stiction." Lack of backlash is important, but not a primary concern as output need only turn in one direction, not forward/reverse. I'm thinking perhaps using a split helical tooth pattern. [May need to open outer rings for assembly.]

it`s easy to calculate 1st Stage carrier output = 1+annulus tooth/sun tooth, but how to calculate the 2nd Stage??... I`m really curious

This is so cool! It reminds me of a harmonic drive, with the added benefit of not needing exotic deformable parts.

Cool thing about this - it is mathematically proven to be unbreakable by brute force! No other algorithm has this feature.

great video

comment for the algorithm :]

Super Getriebe, Was für Kugellager wurden eingebaut. Danke für Antwort.

what material did you print it from?

kzfaq.info/get/bejne/rr94g8lm0tbKhps.htmlsi=miyidH8Al9q7CuYq I´ve printed it and made this short video talking about it!

Very cool design! I 3d printed one and got it to work at about 10 nm of torque at max speed! But i have a doubt (sorry if its dumb, i'm quite new) if the ratio is 300:1 and my nema 17 motor is rated at 0.5nm i would expect a torque of 150nm when using this gearset(in ideal conditons). If i'm getting at max 10nm out of it doesn't it mean it is 6.6% efficient? That sounds very low, where are all those losses? Is all of it friction? I'm not sure where to start researching.

At 6:17 the gate labeled "NOR" at the *top* of the page, has the correct truth table for NOR, but the graphic is *incorrectly* drawn for "XNOR" . The correct "XNOR" graphic and truth table is shown at the *bottom* of the page.

Cool info. T/y.

could you share the fusion 360 file as well? i would like to study how made the contraints to move the gears, it looks really nice!

SUPER ! Thank you ! Very interesting !

This would be a cool project for the classroom. Kids love secret codes and they can pick up loads of math and history along the way.

Really interesting! I love how you described it as parallel. True indeed!

This is a great video. Further to your last point on this video, the two gear sets can't have the same module because the 12/60 and 15/60 gear pairs have to have the same pitch diameters (e.g. share axles). The calculation isn't difficult but it stretched me to derive it! Sum the tooth counts of the first sun and planet gears (12+60), multiply by their module, then divide by the sum of the tooth count of the second sun and planet gears (15+60), to give the module of the second gear set. The tooth counts of the ring gears is S+2*P (12+60+60 and 15+60+60).

Where can I buy this nowadays? I see that there is a manual for sale in Amazon but I am not an engineer (I am a jeweller who also 3D print models) but this .machine would be our dream!

Here is another unbreakable encryption method: The Galaxy Cipher Machine: Unbreakable encryption using Kaliko encryption. Set up: A disc cipher machine on a spindle, the discs are like checkers in that they have notches to fit into each other. 1st wheel is the set disc with the numbers 1-80 scrambled, etched around the side, and on the top edge are three alphabets, scrambled the same, with two empty spaces to make 80 digits around the top. Each letter on the top is over a number on the side. There are 26 body discs, each having two rows (top and bottom) of 1-80 on their sides. The first message is a four number code: 1234. This is first a security check. The number 23 on the disc, 4 to the right, plus 1, gives you the security response. For the set up: The number one represents which set disc is to be used. The 23 is the number on the set disc that is under the letter on the top "E". This letter is the first body disc to be put on the spindle under the set disc. Depending on what the users invented for themselves, an even number goes left, odd/right. So the order of the body discs is the E first, then of right for the rest of the letter order for the discs. The body discs are like checkers in that they have notches for them to fit into each other. There is a dot on the bottom of the set disc somewhere between two numbers, and a dot on each side of each body disc as well. The last number of the 1234, the 4, is how many (left or right) notches to shift the discs as they are being put on using the dots as beginning points. 4 was invented to mean right for the dots so each disc has their dots spaced 4 notches to the right of the one above it. It is also decided/invented which discs go on up-side down. Once all discs are in place a tightening bolt is screwed on the spindle to secure the discs. Operation: In the coded message sent, the first 30 numbers are still part of the set up. The message follows after them. In these 30 numbers you have invented the pattern that if there are two number 6s in the 5th, 13th, 18th, and 29th numbers, the message is authentic. If there are more or less than two number 6s the message is bogus and is disregarded. In the first 30 numbers, you take the 4th and 9th numbers to know which algorithms to use, in this case both numbers are 12,34. You have invented at least 10 algorithms. The first message letter is O. Find an O on the top of the set disc in one of the alphabets (using another alphabet for the next O), and go down to the number below it on the edge, say 57. Now the first four algorithms are made up by the two users of the machines so they can be anything their imaginations can come up with. Like, from 57, down five discs to the top row of 1-80 where the number is 32, find 32 on the bottom row and go down 7 more discs and do the same, then go straight up to the set disc. 2nd algorithm is a diagonal angling down to the right 8 discs to the lower number on that disc-46, then finding the 46 on the top row, and straight up the to the top set disc. 3rd algorithm is another imaginative pattern ending at the top number 78 on the set disc. 4th algorithm now has a sleeve that fits over the machine with holes randomly drilled into its side lining up with each disc's number lines, 15 holes per line. Now look again to the first 30 numbers and see the 18th and the 62nd numbers are 36, and 84. So now the 78 is lined up with the 3rd disc's top number 6 hole, this shows the number 69 in the bottom number row hole 8. This continues for 4 discs to the last number 51 that is sent in to the other communicating person. (36, 84 is third disc, holes 6 and 8, for 4 discs)They run it all backwards to find the letter O. Throughout the sent message there are many OOs. The pattern invented is that you go six numbers beyond the OO to see if there is a number 5 in that number (75). If there is, you know it is a body disc shift. The other number is how many notches to shift each dot.(Odd numbers one way, even the other). Do this at least once every message. If there is a 2 in that number (27) it means to replace the set disc with another one, in this case the number 7 set disc. You replace the old one and just line up the dots of the new set disc directly over the dot beneath it on the first body disc. Do this at least once every message for both set and body discs. Another code invented tells you to change the entire order of the set up with a 4 digit set up number following it. Golden rules: 1) Never use the same set up code more than once. 2) Always send at least 15 phony messages for every one authentic message. 3) Always shift both the set disc and body discs at least once every message. This cipher machine has ever changing/shifting number patterns, an infinite number of invented algorithms that are used in different orders, a large number of 4th algorithm repeats, and every set of machines has a different operation. Each operating set of machines have virgin discs no other machines have. This cipher machine cannot be broken, not even by the largest computers in the world if used correctly. The confirmation that a code has been broken is that the message appears. With a 500 letter message, if 500 GCMs are used where each machine only encrypts one letter, there is no confirmation the letter that comes up when trying to break it is the actual letter that is in the message. Every letter has a machine with different discs, different algorithms, and different operators encrypting it. So the most any attempt to break the code can do is acknowledge that each letter position could be any of the letters in the entire alphabet (A-Z). To write out the possibilities on paper would be to have an entire alphabet under letter position #1, then another one under #2, an so on. In the end there would be 500 alphabets in a row as the only clue to what the message says. Its like telling the hackers there are 500 letters in the message and the words are in the dictionary. With this small bit of information it is IMPOSSIBLE to even begin to try to find the message. Not even the biggest computer in the world, working on it for 10,000 years could find the message. This encryption form is called KALIkO ENCRYPTION, it is unbreakable, and is perfectly suited for the Galaxy Cipher Machine.

Very Nice ! What about backlash ?

It's kinda funny that there exists an actually unbreakable encryption method that nobody uses because it's too impractical.

this is kinda cool i wonder if there would be some way for me to incorporate it in my art as a little secret for people who want to look closer

cool!

Have you tried adding lubricant to it? Gears are not supposed to run dry against eachother and adding the right type of lube would reduce friction and wear in the system, allowing for even greater performance.

with the letter disk key, couldnt you add a layer of security by having a jumbled key-value pair disk? basically, not have it in alphabetical order, have a separate one for each mission

Cool idea, but what if you made a punchcard version of this, so that you could generate it mechanically?