I enjoyed this. The clear breakdown of seeing a bunch of familiar concepts be put together in an interesting way. The screw bushings seemed neat! I'll see if I can buy some. I've had fun with making silly custom ball bearings with 3 mm balls and reinforcing the inner part by an M3 screw encased in 0.4 mm thick walls. It works well enough, but a simple metal bushing like that seems brilliant.
@leogray109120 күн бұрын
Think is a cool idea, similar but slightly different from the split ring planetary, I still can't get my head around how does the middle sun gear 1 tooth off but the same diameter ?.
@davoriffic20 күн бұрын
@@leogray1091 oh it’s less mysterious than you think; the side with the one less tooth has teeth that are slightly bigger to make up the size difference🤓 in gears, the ‘module’ is a number for the gear tooth size, the the module for all the gears that touch on one side is different from all the gears on the other
@PhG1961Ай бұрын
Really awesome! Great ingenuity!
@94wolvzz2 ай бұрын
I am interested in the math of this.
@davoriffic2 ай бұрын
You can download stuff about this project from here: drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Vd8Iz-t7SfQN67haENu9mSlcC7crgHqZ?usp=drive_link It looks like i do NOT actually have a spreadsheet for the math of the gearbox, however. Thanks! I'll have to do that...-david
@user-jg4rv9zr5s2 ай бұрын
I finished writing my computer emulation of your Turing cardgame. I think it came out well. I wanted to add a HALT command and a larger tape. I had 1280x1024 pixels to work with, so I made the card images 80x80 pixels. I capped the maximum number of machine states at 7, and reserved the value 8 in the 'next state' field to be interpreted as HALT. I also added three rows of 16 cards for the tape. Each row is headed by a tape start offset, just like yours, but the program adds these 3 values up to compute the tape start, giving a larger range. I also implemented an edit mode, where a card that gets clicked by the mouse can have its value changed up or down with the keyboard arrow keys. And there are commands to load and save the Turing program to disk files. I wrote several Turing progams for it, including the 4-state Busy Beaver, which runs correctly for 107 states, leaving 13 1's on the tape and then halting. Unfortunately, this program is written in a rather obscure language, MMBasic. I am thinking of a rewrite in Javascript, but that is a whole new project. You can view a screen shot of the program here: www.thebackshed.com/forum/ViewTopic.php?PID=222326#222326.
@tallevi56922 ай бұрын
Such a great concept to teach how does a turing machine work and get a feel for it, also such a clean and nice design. Love your work
@davoriffic2 ай бұрын
Thank you. Let me know if you have ideas for any things you'd like to see covered in future videos!
@markusm25382 ай бұрын
Greatest explanation and operation demo of Turing machine I've seen. Thanks. Is a neural network card game next? :)
@user-jg4rv9zr5s3 ай бұрын
I do notice one problem, however: You say that the program can have up to 8 states, but the card that counts the number of states can only count up to 7. (Or do you let 0 stand for 8 states?)
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
Yes; i thought of that after making the video. I think that the state numbers probably should be indexed starting at 0 instead of 1, but i didnt want to confuse the issue, presenting for a general audience.
@user-jg4rv9zr5s3 ай бұрын
@@davorifficFor my own amusement, I am writing an emulation of your card Turing Machine. I set the maximum number of states to be 7, the state indexing starting at zero instead of 1, and reserve '8' to mean HALT. I won't publish this code anywhere without your permission, and I will be happy to send you a copy of the source.
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
@@user-jg4rv9zr5s Feel free to publish the emulation! Would you like clean images of the card front and backs? Also, please share here when it's running; id love to see.
@user-jg4rv9zr5s3 ай бұрын
@@davoriffic I am drawing the cards, etc programmatically, so I don't need a page image better than the one on KZfaq, but thanks! And thanks for the permission to publish. I write this program for the Color Maximite 2, a high-performance retro-computer based on an ARM Cortex 7 CPU, 8 Mbyte of RAM, screen resolution up to 1920x1024. It runs an advanced version of BASIC at 270,000 lines per second (interpreted). This BASIC dialect, MMBASIC, has modern control structures (no line numbers), subroutines and functions with private namespaces, good graphics and math libraries. It would be very easy to translate to Java or Python, etc. When I get it working I will put the source code on my Github repo.
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
@@user-jg4rv9zr5s can you translate it into something that will run in a web browser? Would that be JavaScript or something?
@magnuswootton61813 ай бұрын
I wonder if a quantum computer is turing complete.
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
I suppose it depends on what kind?
@magnuswootton61813 ай бұрын
@@davoriffic p=np.
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
@@magnuswootton6181 I think the quantum-computing version of this game would involve cards that look like this: images.app.goo.gl/eFM5SZWboYDpdSXS9
@doomerismo98163 ай бұрын
Seeing it made me want to replicate it on Unity but yeah i dont think i ever will.
@mawns3 ай бұрын
Turing should have gotten to see AI.
@hughobyrne25883 ай бұрын
Chris Staecker has reviews of some different paper computers on his channel, and some great other content too, including some details about the inner workings of Curtas. Recommended. I love his sense of humour.
@andueskitzoidneversolo28233 ай бұрын
would love something like this, but with a kind of game mat to play on, that shows where to place the cards and what the position means. would be so cool if this was a mobile game as well. and actually had millions of cards and be able change how fast it runs or even step though. this is great abstraction btw, im building something kind of like this out of discreet logic. but seeing it displayed like this helps me understand what it is i am trying to do. ...... do you only need two states? is it possible to code the machine with an arbitrary amount of states? or would it even matter?
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
I was considering having a mat to lay the cards out on, but the individual programs vary so wildly it didnt make sense. I think I'll lead with a good set of examples in the game instructions, though. It breaks down and is really pretty simple. Considering making a 'graphics expansion' though that has black/white tiles you can flip over. That way you could map values to it from a 'register' in the tape ;-D
@semnet32173 ай бұрын
can it play doom?
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
In theory, yes. With enough cards and time?! I feel like it would be an awesome exercise in absurdism to calculate how MANY cards, and what the effective frame rate of Doom would be, using my card game…
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
I’m considering making a ‘graphics driver expansion pack’ that would probably just be a bunch of cards that are black on one side and white on the other 😁
@user-jg4rv9zr5s3 ай бұрын
Very nice! I have written several programs to implement and visualize Turing Machines. Your card game is a slick way of demonstrating how a Turing Machine works!
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
Cool! Can you share? It’s actually really easy to translate Turing machine notation into the card game, and back. limitations include: only up to 8 states, up to 8 instructions per state, and data alphabet of 8 symbols… also less than an infinite number of cards 🤓
@columbus8myhw3 ай бұрын
I think technically you can use any collection of cards, as long as each card has four distinct orientations.
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
True; with these you have both sides too. It gives you 8 possible different symbols, or 3-bits binary :-) “this card game is a 3-bit computer” was too weird sounding for the title 🤔
@plattari3 ай бұрын
Very cool!
@liorean3 ай бұрын
This game should be part of Computing 101
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
Thanks! Maybe I should do like a crowdfund to promote a book / deck of cards combo?
@jesusthroughmary3 ай бұрын
100%
@Crayphor3 ай бұрын
Just print more RAM!
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
Exactly! Need more ram? Use more cards; Turings’ theoretical machine had an infinite tape…
@tenasters3 ай бұрын
I love the idea of physically moving cards around! It sounds fun to tinker with Turing diagrams, then play them out step by step... it was very satisfying to watch you run the programs! Are you selling this game anywhere, or do you have a list of the rules/machine language if I wanted to make my own cards?
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
I’m considering selling it as a deck of cards with a little rule book. Maybe something a class in computer science would want🤓
@HeinGodeke3 ай бұрын
what 81 views?? im blown away, this should have more! I thought it would have at least 100k lol. Anyways, thanks for making, i enjoyed it :)
@mendelovitch3 ай бұрын
Now you must write a compiler that'll output commands for a robot that'll place these cards on the floor.
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
can i ship you some cards? Maybe you can write it!
@mendelovitch3 ай бұрын
@@davoriffic Sadly, I am not a roboticist. :<
@davoriffic3 ай бұрын
@@mendelovitch well I’m not a computer scientist.. don’t let it stop you 🤓
Very interesting! It is a variation of split-ring compound planetary gearbox, but better in some respects. I have an application for something like this, and am interested in your thoughts: I am not as interested in small size, high torque conversion, or high speed. I am concerned with positioning accuracy, smooth operation, and lack of "stiction." Lack of backlash is important, but not a primary concern as output need only turn in one direction, not forward/reverse. I'm thinking perhaps using a split helical tooth pattern. [May need to open outer rings for assembly.]
@davoriffic4 ай бұрын
What kinds of ratios and speeds do you need? These split gear designs are good for high gear ratio, but do have some 'bumpiness' in their operation. It is difficult to make them run smoothly; helical gears like you said are good for smooth and quiet rotation. Maybe you need a more classical type planetary gearbox?
@davoriffic4 ай бұрын
@@michaelretzer8480 cool; I see. Do you want it to be 3D printed?
@JonathanZhang-yf5dx4 ай бұрын
it`s easy to calculate 1st Stage carrier output = 1+annulus tooth/sun tooth, but how to calculate the 2nd Stage??... I`m really curious
@angelofdeath964 ай бұрын
This is so cool! It reminds me of a harmonic drive, with the added benefit of not needing exotic deformable parts.
@davoriffic4 ай бұрын
Yes, like a lot of planetary gear boxes it lets you achieve a high ratio; harmonic drives are awesome because of their low part count, but hard to do with just printed plastic. The gearbox in this video is really trying to show how to make hard-to-shear gear boxes out of plastic. It puts mechanical strength where it is needed to let you use a comparatively weak material, and still be reasonably compact. You DO have to use grease ;-D
@simplyme53244 ай бұрын
Cool thing about this - it is mathematically proven to be unbreakable by brute force! No other algorithm has this feature.
@davoriffic4 ай бұрын
Crazy, right? It makes me wonder if, in an upcoming age of quantum-computers and super-smartly-guessing AI, we might have to revert more of our day-to-day online security to this method.
@jameslarbalestier67915 ай бұрын
great video
@john.dough.5 ай бұрын
comment for the algorithm :]
@davoriffic5 ай бұрын
am i to understand that you are commenting on behalf of the algorithm?!? ;-D
@itechnikobadic35105 ай бұрын
Super Getriebe, Was für Kugellager wurden eingebaut. Danke für Antwort.
@skyguyncaable6 ай бұрын
what material did you print it from?
@skyguyncaable6 ай бұрын
@@davoriffic Thanks for the info. I am going to start printing parts tonight for one, will let you know how it goes
@arnauaguilar83296 ай бұрын
kzfaq.info/get/bejne/rr94g8lm0tbKhps.htmlsi=miyidH8Al9q7CuYq I´ve printed it and made this short video talking about it!
@arnauaguilar83296 ай бұрын
Very cool design! I 3d printed one and got it to work at about 10 nm of torque at max speed! But i have a doubt (sorry if its dumb, i'm quite new) if the ratio is 300:1 and my nema 17 motor is rated at 0.5nm i would expect a torque of 150nm when using this gearset(in ideal conditons). If i'm getting at max 10nm out of it doesn't it mean it is 6.6% efficient? That sounds very low, where are all those losses? Is all of it friction? I'm not sure where to start researching.
@natecaine74736 ай бұрын
At 6:17 the gate labeled "NOR" at the *top* of the page, has the correct truth table for NOR, but the graphic is *incorrectly* drawn for "XNOR" . The correct "XNOR" graphic and truth table is shown at the *bottom* of the page.
@gottadomor74386 ай бұрын
Cool info. T/y.
@markos38036 ай бұрын
could you share the fusion 360 file as well? i would like to study how made the contraints to move the gears, it looks really nice!
@davoriffic6 ай бұрын
Hi there, I wanted to let you know that I uploaded the fusion files for this project: drive.google.com/file/d/1O3kef-J0OegvHsAzybsqPwGzc6PpsYLA/view?usp=drive_link The Joint that you want to drive is called, "gear carrier to body" and it is the first one in the long list of joints in the assembly. Have fun!
@user-qm4jz1iw5u6 ай бұрын
SUPER ! Thank you ! Very interesting !
@DeclanMBrennan6 ай бұрын
This would be a cool project for the classroom. Kids love secret codes and they can pick up loads of math and history along the way.
@davoriffic4 ай бұрын
Let me know if you can think of any additional materials that could help using this with a class!
@DeclanMBrennan4 ай бұрын
@@davoriffic I'm not a teacher myself but maybe there are others reading who could comment more practically.
@Voshchronos6 ай бұрын
Really interesting! I love how you described it as parallel. True indeed!
@ehjones6 ай бұрын
This is a great video. Further to your last point on this video, the two gear sets can't have the same module because the 12/60 and 15/60 gear pairs have to have the same pitch diameters (e.g. share axles). The calculation isn't difficult but it stretched me to derive it! Sum the tooth counts of the first sun and planet gears (12+60), multiply by their module, then divide by the sum of the tooth count of the second sun and planet gears (15+60), to give the module of the second gear set. The tooth counts of the ring gears is S+2*P (12+60+60 and 15+60+60).
@s.ursino72016 ай бұрын
Where can I buy this nowadays? I see that there is a manual for sale in Amazon but I am not an engineer (I am a jeweller who also 3D print models) but this .machine would be our dream!
@harryrussell1546 ай бұрын
Here is another unbreakable encryption method: The Galaxy Cipher Machine: Unbreakable encryption using Kaliko encryption. Set up: A disc cipher machine on a spindle, the discs are like checkers in that they have notches to fit into each other. 1st wheel is the set disc with the numbers 1-80 scrambled, etched around the side, and on the top edge are three alphabets, scrambled the same, with two empty spaces to make 80 digits around the top. Each letter on the top is over a number on the side. There are 26 body discs, each having two rows (top and bottom) of 1-80 on their sides. The first message is a four number code: 1234. This is first a security check. The number 23 on the disc, 4 to the right, plus 1, gives you the security response. For the set up: The number one represents which set disc is to be used. The 23 is the number on the set disc that is under the letter on the top "E". This letter is the first body disc to be put on the spindle under the set disc. Depending on what the users invented for themselves, an even number goes left, odd/right. So the order of the body discs is the E first, then of right for the rest of the letter order for the discs. The body discs are like checkers in that they have notches for them to fit into each other. There is a dot on the bottom of the set disc somewhere between two numbers, and a dot on each side of each body disc as well. The last number of the 1234, the 4, is how many (left or right) notches to shift the discs as they are being put on using the dots as beginning points. 4 was invented to mean right for the dots so each disc has their dots spaced 4 notches to the right of the one above it. It is also decided/invented which discs go on up-side down. Once all discs are in place a tightening bolt is screwed on the spindle to secure the discs. Operation: In the coded message sent, the first 30 numbers are still part of the set up. The message follows after them. In these 30 numbers you have invented the pattern that if there are two number 6s in the 5th, 13th, 18th, and 29th numbers, the message is authentic. If there are more or less than two number 6s the message is bogus and is disregarded. In the first 30 numbers, you take the 4th and 9th numbers to know which algorithms to use, in this case both numbers are 12,34. You have invented at least 10 algorithms. The first message letter is O. Find an O on the top of the set disc in one of the alphabets (using another alphabet for the next O), and go down to the number below it on the edge, say 57. Now the first four algorithms are made up by the two users of the machines so they can be anything their imaginations can come up with. Like, from 57, down five discs to the top row of 1-80 where the number is 32, find 32 on the bottom row and go down 7 more discs and do the same, then go straight up to the set disc. 2nd algorithm is a diagonal angling down to the right 8 discs to the lower number on that disc-46, then finding the 46 on the top row, and straight up the to the top set disc. 3rd algorithm is another imaginative pattern ending at the top number 78 on the set disc. 4th algorithm now has a sleeve that fits over the machine with holes randomly drilled into its side lining up with each disc's number lines, 15 holes per line. Now look again to the first 30 numbers and see the 18th and the 62nd numbers are 36, and 84. So now the 78 is lined up with the 3rd disc's top number 6 hole, this shows the number 69 in the bottom number row hole 8. This continues for 4 discs to the last number 51 that is sent in to the other communicating person. (36, 84 is third disc, holes 6 and 8, for 4 discs)They run it all backwards to find the letter O. Throughout the sent message there are many OOs. The pattern invented is that you go six numbers beyond the OO to see if there is a number 5 in that number (75). If there is, you know it is a body disc shift. The other number is how many notches to shift each dot.(Odd numbers one way, even the other). Do this at least once every message. If there is a 2 in that number (27) it means to replace the set disc with another one, in this case the number 7 set disc. You replace the old one and just line up the dots of the new set disc directly over the dot beneath it on the first body disc. Do this at least once every message for both set and body discs. Another code invented tells you to change the entire order of the set up with a 4 digit set up number following it. Golden rules: 1) Never use the same set up code more than once. 2) Always send at least 15 phony messages for every one authentic message. 3) Always shift both the set disc and body discs at least once every message. This cipher machine has ever changing/shifting number patterns, an infinite number of invented algorithms that are used in different orders, a large number of 4th algorithm repeats, and every set of machines has a different operation. Each operating set of machines have virgin discs no other machines have. This cipher machine cannot be broken, not even by the largest computers in the world if used correctly. The confirmation that a code has been broken is that the message appears. With a 500 letter message, if 500 GCMs are used where each machine only encrypts one letter, there is no confirmation the letter that comes up when trying to break it is the actual letter that is in the message. Every letter has a machine with different discs, different algorithms, and different operators encrypting it. So the most any attempt to break the code can do is acknowledge that each letter position could be any of the letters in the entire alphabet (A-Z). To write out the possibilities on paper would be to have an entire alphabet under letter position #1, then another one under #2, an so on. In the end there would be 500 alphabets in a row as the only clue to what the message says. Its like telling the hackers there are 500 letters in the message and the words are in the dictionary. With this small bit of information it is IMPOSSIBLE to even begin to try to find the message. Not even the biggest computer in the world, working on it for 10,000 years could find the message. This encryption form is called KALIkO ENCRYPTION, it is unbreakable, and is perfectly suited for the Galaxy Cipher Machine.
@ictsmile82006 ай бұрын
Very Nice ! What about backlash ?
@davoriffic6 ай бұрын
There is remarkably little backlash; feels very tight when stopped
@Wooksley6 ай бұрын
It's kinda funny that there exists an actually unbreakable encryption method that nobody uses because it's too impractical.
@davoriffic6 ай бұрын
Well it does get used… where it really counts
@DeclanMBrennan6 ай бұрын
It does have one major vulnerability- your enemy might get a hold of your one time pad. That's why there were standing orders for captains of vessels to destroy their one time pad if there was any danger of boarding. Sometimes I think, to avoid being obvious, agents used pages from an already published book. However this encryption is subject to attack because the one time pad is not fully random.
@palmberry55765 ай бұрын
I mean yeah, but that’s like saying a machine gun is a highly effective tool for disciplining children that isn’t used because it’s too impractical. While technically true, it operates on a completely different level and has a completely different use, despite achieving the same goal (no more naughty children)
@smugwolff68286 ай бұрын
this is kinda cool i wonder if there would be some way for me to incorporate it in my art as a little secret for people who want to look closer
@jelletje86 ай бұрын
cool!
@kezyka67756 ай бұрын
Have you tried adding lubricant to it? Gears are not supposed to run dry against eachother and adding the right type of lube would reduce friction and wear in the system, allowing for even greater performance.
@davoriffic6 ай бұрын
Yes I actually did use clear silicone grease; you can’t see it in the video very well but it helped a lot
@stopitnowlol66976 ай бұрын
with the letter disk key, couldnt you add a layer of security by having a jumbled key-value pair disk? basically, not have it in alphabetical order, have a separate one for each mission
@haph20876 ай бұрын
Cool idea, but what if you made a punchcard version of this, so that you could generate it mechanically?
@davoriffic6 ай бұрын
Oh that’s cool; I was thinking about having a screen made of little sliding switches
@haph20876 ай бұрын
@@davoriffic That could work, but might take a lot of little parts. If it’s mechanically simple it would be doable.