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The martyrdom and death of the 13 Martyrs of Kantara in Cyprus, on May 19, 1231.
Cyprus. An island located in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, known for its Greek culture since the 2nd millennium BC. Being situated near the Holy Land, Cyprus received the word of God in 45 AD ,from the Apostles Paul and Barnabas and, as fertile land, it yielded a hundredfold.
During the Third Crusade, the French Lusignan dynasty (1192) took control of the island. The Latins launched a fierce war against the Orthodox Church, confiscating much of its property and reducing the number of monasteries, with the aim of subordinating them to the papal church. The Orthodox clergy staunchly fought to protect the faithful from the proselytizing carried out against them by the Latins. A principal act of resistance was the martyrdom of the monks of 13 orthodox monks, of Kantara and Machairas Monasteries, who were killed by the Latins in 1231 in Nicosia.
Those monks, were reported to the Latin Archbishop Eustorgius, with the accusation that the Orthodox monks considered the use of unleavened bread in the Divine Liturgy of the Latins to be an incorrect practice. The monks of Kantara were sent to Nicosia, awaiting the judgment of the Latin Archbishop. During the interrogation, the fathers firmly confessed their Orthodox faith before the Latin Archbishop, who ordered their imprisonment. After three years of imprisonment and much suffering and sorrow, the archbishop determined that their faith was unshakeable, so he ordered that they be put to death. On May 19, 1231, the executioners tied the monks’ legs to horses' tails, spooked the horses, and then let them run in a dry river, causing the bodies of the monks to be dismembered. In order to prevent the Orthodox from retrieving and honoring the monks’ relics, they were mixed with animal bones and burned until they turned into ashes. Their courageous confession and martyrdom for the Orthodox faith proved to be a decisive and major contribution to the support and preservation of the Orthodox identity of the Cypriot people.
The names of the thirteen martyrs are: John, Conon, Jeremiah, Cyril, Barnabas, Maximus, Theognostos, Germanos, Gerasimos, Gennadios, Theoktistos, Joseph, and Mark. Their memory is commemorated on May 19, the day of their martyrdom.