A close look at supercritical carbon dioxide CO2

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A close look at supercritical carbon dioxide CO2

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13 жыл бұрын

I built a pressure vessel from aluminum and acrylic, and filled it by placing pieces of dry ice inside. The dry ice melts under high pressure, and forms a liquid and gas phase. When the vessel is heated, the CO2 becomes supercritical -- meaning the liquid and gas phases merge together into a new phase that has properties of a gas, but the density of a liquid.
Supercritical CO2 is a good solvent, and is used for decaffeinating coffee, dry cleaning clothes, and other situations where avoiding a hydrocarbon solvent is desirable for environmental or health reasons.
If you have a suggestion for what I should do with the supercritical CO2, please leave a comment.
CO2 can be liquefied in plastic bottle preforms:
• Formation of Liquid Ca...
It may be important to open the container before all of the solid melts. When there is still some solid CO2 present, the pressure will be close to the triple point. Once the solid completely melts, the pressure will increase quickly to about 750 psi depending on the ambient temp. I really doubt those plastic containers could hold 750 psi.
My first look at supercritical fluids:
• Supercritical fluids
Another youtuber interested in supercritical CO2:
• supercritical fluids
Added engineering recap and formulas:
benkrasnow.blog...

Пікірлер: 1 000

@TheCammerhammer 8 жыл бұрын

This is an old video, but I still feel compelled to compliment you on practicing both safe science and overengineering of the design. I've seen too many instances where poorly-designed equipment failed catastrophically on the first try and the person was standing right next to the equipment. It makes me happy to see that you tested your pressure chamber at a safe distance, watching remotely.

@kreynolds1123 5 жыл бұрын

It was a really good job. I was wondering if he would use cement blocks to surround it, just in case.

@rojaarkezor7185 5 жыл бұрын

"poorly-designed equipment failed catastrophically" makes for better KZfaq videos... If you want more views, just sayin.. lol

@yzScott 5 жыл бұрын

@@rojaarkezor7185 That is ElectroBOOM's bag.

@SpadeNya 2 жыл бұрын

"This is an old video..."

@vaedkamat484 Жыл бұрын

@@SpadeNya lol

@TheKingofRandom 11 жыл бұрын

This is awesome

@frogz 4 жыл бұрын

i wonder what seeing this video produced....

@realreseller3102 4 жыл бұрын

Its crazy that im the second like to a comment from 7 years ago

@magichobo 3 жыл бұрын

Rip Grant

@deathrobloxian 3 жыл бұрын

Wow never expected to stumble upon this comment.

@N.M.E. 3 жыл бұрын

@jaceshigh1 10 жыл бұрын

A possible solution to your O-ring problem would be to loosen your gauge off so that it bleeds off CO2 gas until you have it all together and then tighten gauge up last.

@pieterbezuidenhout2741 4 жыл бұрын

My thinking as well but also cooling off the aluminium section before closing it up.

@ynotwebb1408 4 жыл бұрын

Good idea. Let it bleed . Or c clamp , then tighten bolts.

@paulbiggs90 4 жыл бұрын

@@ynotwebb1408 Don't you want the have high pressure inside though, as Co2 has to be above 75 psi to be a liquid? If you let the pressure out aren't you just letting out Co2 which is the equivalent of putting less in?

@andyman8630 4 жыл бұрын

cryo-freeze the entire apparatus, leave the gauge ever so slightly loose, fit a solid piece of dry ice which fits perfectly, g-clamp it and bolt it down! those few seconds of CO2 venting will expel the remaining air

@skadi7654 3 жыл бұрын

@@paulbiggs90 need to be fast.... it let the gas leak a bit to make the sealing more perfect

@FungusyHam 11 жыл бұрын

"how i built it and what i plan to do with it" ..sounds really ominous, like you're a chill supervillain

@complexobjects 7 жыл бұрын

Beautiful design and such an amazing demonstration of phase transitions. Its awesome that it's stable and safe to handel because that type of behavior is so rare to witness. I hope to see this in real life some day!

@jkobain 4 жыл бұрын

Hi! Thank you for creating this chamber and this video, and also for helping BlueNile with his project. You're awesome!

@pedrop1985 8 жыл бұрын

Great video! Consider installing a safety relief valve on it, just in case you do place more CO2 than you should.

@sixpooI 7 жыл бұрын

my wife is also supercritical, and she can also be used for drycleaning, but i dont think she would fit in this thing. suggestions?

@ricktruman1416 7 жыл бұрын

sixpooI were going to need a bigger boat.

@resistortoresist5607 5 жыл бұрын

what is the highest temperature ur superwife can carry out?

@askhowiknow5527 5 жыл бұрын

sixpool Here’s a suggestion: try brushing your teeth

@ChiTownTino 5 жыл бұрын

My wife can’t be used for anything....any suggestions?

@SpudLab 5 жыл бұрын

idk go to codys lab he has a pressure chamber for her

@allenro1 5 жыл бұрын

I would like to see something floating on the liquid co2 at the time it changes...😕

@electric_photon4660 4 жыл бұрын

I would guess it would stay suspended or sink to the bottom

@NuisanceMan 5 жыл бұрын

Extract the caffeine, eat it, then use the resulting energy boost to do more experiments.

@rogueanuerz 5 жыл бұрын

you would be died afterthat

@pseudomemes5267 4 жыл бұрын

or THC

@ucid5363 3 жыл бұрын

or psilicin 😌

@ryans3074 3 жыл бұрын

Sounds like the beginning of a vicious circle

@AppliedScience 12 жыл бұрын

Good question. As long as the CO2 is above the critical temperature and pressure, it is by definition a supercritical fluid.This implies that the chamber contain a certain amount of liquid before heating or else there will not be enough mass to raise the pressure high enough to reach criticality upon heating. If the chamber starts with only 5% liquid, no amount of heating will create a supercritical fluid. It needs to be *appx* 50% liquid to create enough pressure on heating to pass criticality.

@sisimig 15 күн бұрын

I found this video when I was trying to find a visualization of how the atmosphere of Venus with 96.5% Carbon Dioxide, a surface temperature of 740 K (467 °C or 872 °F) and a surface pressure of 95 bars would look like, since it is expected in these conditions that the CO2 would exist in its supercritical state. I was impressed to observe the phase change when the liquid phase mixed with the gas phase to create a light impenetrable mist that looked (to me at least) as a very Venus atmosphere-like. I think that simulating Venus atmosphere is an excellent use for your fine construction!

@95TurboSol 7 жыл бұрын

I would buy one of these

@hgmercury7279 6 жыл бұрын

me too

@nozumihishimatchi1880 5 жыл бұрын

Its practically a bomb though

@turbo2ltr 5 жыл бұрын

@@nozumihishimatchi1880 no more so than a CO2 welding tank... Except this one has a lot less CO2.

@mikedavis7065 4 жыл бұрын

@@nozumihishimatchi1880 nah I've worked with enough pressure vessels. The failure mode will be deformed plastic, oring failure and leaking CO2. You might get a freezer burn at worst, but explosion is not likely.

@shonaoneill5151 4 жыл бұрын

@@nozumihishimatchi1880 not even close!

@Plexiate 5 жыл бұрын

I would really like to buy one of these.

@Citizen-of-theworld 3 жыл бұрын

Just don’t tell the delivery company you are shipping a home-made plastic cylinder under extremely high pressure! :-P

@kaleu66 4 жыл бұрын

Hey Ben, thank you for helping Nile with the pressure chamber. You are awesome!

@DrEnzyme 7 жыл бұрын

That is the coolest looking thing I have seen.

@crocodile2006 10 жыл бұрын

What did you do this weekend? Oh I mowed the grass and emptied the trash. What about you? Oh, I built a super critical CO2 Canister

@Sarge92 10 жыл бұрын

i would love one of those on my desk

@harriehausenman8623 4 жыл бұрын

Just saw NileBlue's "Going supercritical." and realized I somehow missed this one from you. Glad you helped him :-) Many thanks!

@AppliedScience 11 жыл бұрын

The pressure in the chamber is over 1000 psia, as shown by the gauge in the video.

@bretmaverick9117 9 жыл бұрын

You can also extracted the the essential oils from cannabis with supercritical co2.

@omenakookos 9 жыл бұрын

I like bananas

@97skinnyboyswag 9 жыл бұрын

"Essential oils" ;)

@kleavenae 7 жыл бұрын

Actually this is the only way to make THC e-liquid for e-cigarettes. So if you can do it, you could get rich

@bretmaverick9117 7 жыл бұрын

its not the only way. its just a common way. an even more common way is to isolate the THC fraction by molecular distillation with a shortpath distillation apparatus. 95%-99.9% thc is the same consistency as winterized co2 oil. a lot of people distill co2 oil to isolate the thc fraction. bho, pho, and ethanol extracted oil are commonly used also. the distilled thc fraction is 100% solventfree. The most well known brand of this is called "clear concentrate". The easiest way to make Eliquid is to mix bho with a thinning agent like PEG, PG, VG or naturally derived terpenes. Most co2 oil pens are co2 oil diluted with PEG. Open vape is the most well known and its half winterized co2 oil and half PEG.

@bretmaverick9117 7 жыл бұрын

I have been since 2009. ive been making it since 2010. its vaporized, not smoked. Meaning the oils are applied to a heated surface that they boil on and the vapor is inhaled. Im not sure what youre dabbing that would burn your lungs. Yes, i am after the essential oils. The oils in the resin glands are what gives cannabis its effect, smell and flavor.

@scuffieduffie 7 жыл бұрын

Just put the meter in last. O ring problem solved.

@nickr4923 7 жыл бұрын

aye

@houseofwonders1 7 жыл бұрын

good luck getting the dry ice through that little hole

@GRBtutorials 6 жыл бұрын

Felix Q Or do everything in a freezer. The only problem, though, is that it would have to be at a very low temperature, so his hands would freeze, but well, it’s a minor inconvenience (I’m obviously joking)

@apexmike849 6 жыл бұрын

Venting is a good idea. Also, preassemble the device as much as you can and use a jig if necessary and use a driver to zip those nuts up to torque very quickly. Alternatively, assemble the whole thing in a bath of liquid CO2. [joke]

@ZeroMass 10 жыл бұрын

Perhaps a small needle valve which could stand the pressure used as a temporary relief during assembly?

@EwePoop 10 жыл бұрын

Certainly! Adding a T fitting at the gauge will allow a needle or ball valve to be connected. Small high-pressure stainless steel ball valves are not terribly expensive. This also would make it possible to fill from a CO2 storage tank.

@NickMoore 12 жыл бұрын

You have balls of steel. That thing is both scary as hell but infinitely intriguing, I would love to make one as a coffee table conversation starter. Keep up the awesome work!

@alexpowers3697 8 жыл бұрын

Not sure I can fit my suit in there for cleaning... hahahaha

@aeriumsoft 7 жыл бұрын

haha right

@archangel20031 8 жыл бұрын

How about a 3 way valve between the chamber and the gauge so you can vent it?

@EwePoop 12 жыл бұрын

Nicely done. Your chamber is much more elegant in appearance than one I built about 10 years ago. A layer of transparent fluropolymer film on the inside of the window can help avoid solvent attack of the acrylic. I had used one inch polycarbonate for the window. Supercritical fluids are fun. :)

@AVBsLichtspielhaus 10 жыл бұрын

Hello, a few tipps: - o-ring grooves are easier to produce on a lathe. - you can turn your aluminum ring, screw one acrylic disc onto it. then clamp the aluminum disc in the cuck and turn the acrylic.same procedure for the second one. - if you screw in the barometer AFTER you mounted the discs together, your o-rings will fit perfect. the overpressure will be able to flow out while you are tightening the screws. but however: its an amazing effect, i didn't expect. thanks for the video.

@lqr824 6 жыл бұрын

I love this thing! You could have kept the O-ring in place by freezing the components down to -20C, then cooling further with dry ice. If you did the final assembly in an open-top styrofoam cooler, the dry ice used for cooling components and filling the resevoir would also displace the air, I think, giving you nothing but CO2 in there. There's also got to be some amount of CO2 (maybe you have to measure to the 1/10g or something?) that would let it reach the triple-point?

@YPOC 8 жыл бұрын

The o-ring is not supposed to be pressed radially, the groove should be wide enough to allow the o-ring to expand when compressed into it's groove.

@pcorf 11 жыл бұрын

6:45 to 6:53 is a good example of the liquid and gas phases merging as the temperature rises. The air on the surface of Venus is also a supercritical fluid because the pressure is 92 bars (460-480 degrees C or 860-900F) and its 96% co2 and the rest is mainly Nitrogen (also supercritical at 92 bars). Despite the supercritical phase on Venus, its still like a gas but the air also dissolves smoke, it floats. You cannot light a fire on Venus.

@firstnamesecondname5341 4 жыл бұрын

I want this as a desk ointment, it will freak the heck out of anyone whom pops in and asks stupid questions 😁 Great video 👍👍👍👍👍

@voltare2amstereo 7 жыл бұрын

applied and cody's colab?

@robmckennie4203 7 жыл бұрын

cody's science? applied lab? copplied scab? apody's lience? applied cody science lab, nailed it.

@MrWorld-hc5rs 6 жыл бұрын

psi to bar conversion on screen would be nice.

@yasinbro8477 11 ай бұрын

I regret to see this video so late. Love your work

@vietho251 4 жыл бұрын

Your tool look very nice, this is the first time I see a real super critical state of CO2, beyond of what described on books, thanks for your very interesting experiment

@danielstjean9458 10 жыл бұрын

When you were machining the aluminium body on the lathe why dident you just machine the o ring grooves after the facing cuts? Then make your bolt circle on thr mill. Easy peasy

@AppliedScience 10 жыл бұрын

In some ways, it's easier on the CNC mill because I don't have to measure anything, and the part will come out very close to spec'd dimensions. It would probably take me longer to measure and cut it on the lathe, even though I agree that lathe-cutting the gland would leave a better finish.

@Hansengineering 3 жыл бұрын

@@AppliedScience You've gotta go watch This Old Tony for a bit!

@FieroFats 5 жыл бұрын

Laundry? I don't think you can get a load in there. But in all seriousness, I haul C02 for a living, and I need this vessel in my life. :)

@allenro1 5 жыл бұрын

😂 Beverly Hills Doll Apparel Dry Cleaning...hmmm🤔i feel like it could be a thing if someone wanted it to be a thing...lol🖒

@DunkelStern 13 жыл бұрын

to make it more easy to close it, you can try first cool down all your acrylic and then put dry ice inside, this will give you more time to close it

@pyrokaren 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you for making the transition to supercritical visible. I first learned of this effect when filling a sodastream canister from a large CO2 tank used for MIG welding. I mistakenly thought that if I heated the large tank and cooled the small one that I would get a better transfer. I warmed the large tank in my car in the sun and when it was uncomfortably warm did the transfer, and noticed got worse results than when just using room temperature. I assume supercritical CO2 was created with a lower density than liquid.

@illumiNOTme326 7 жыл бұрын

The acrylic should not be placed directly in contact with the liquid Co2. You should use a thin glass barrier along that is cut just a hair smaller than the diameter of the acrylic opening. Purchase a large O ring that is on the thinner side as opposed to the thicker bulky ones. In an ideal conditions the O ring should fit in the small gap between the glass outer diameter and the acrylics. When you join both sides together the pieces should be designed to press against the large O ring causing it to compress within the small space between glass and Acrylic. You may want to look into using some sort of Burst disc rated at a PSI that would in theory be below the estimated rating for the acrylic. When handling Cryogenics it can be very unforgiving. A leak or a tiny rupture won't really do much. If the acrylic becomes brittle and fails over large surface area then it will basically be a bomb.

@EpzilonZ 8 жыл бұрын

Is this dry water now?

@texasdeeslinglead2401 5 жыл бұрын

It appears to be confused and slightly moody water now . Very dry sense of humor though.

@whatshappenedhere1784 5 жыл бұрын

Dry ice literally means ice with no water content

@whatshappenedhere1784 4 жыл бұрын

@@justotalkalottashit8392 Read my comment again pls, ty

@DominoSixO 7 жыл бұрын

Build one in square or triangle shape and use "Peltiers" to heat it up or cool it down with a small regulator so you can just plug it in the wall or a power bank / usb. That would be cool/nice.

@robrich1776 7 жыл бұрын

Cool video. Cody from Cody's lab sent me here. Now you have a new subscriber. Thanks Cody.

@bpark10001 6 жыл бұрын

You should have aluminum rings on the outsides of the plastic windows to support them all around at these pressures!

@Staremperor 7 жыл бұрын

Great stuff. I'd just like to see metric units too. I (as well as most of the World) don't do PSI and °F, rather N and K. Of course, I converted the units, but scientific video should use SI units, don't you think?

@Warhawk76 6 жыл бұрын

Staremperor I am a scientist here in the US and I'm fine with either standard or metric. Conversions are so easy now it's not really an issue. I can see your point though.

@onetrickhorse 5 жыл бұрын

F is absurd for sure, it was invented using what I can only describe as arbitrary reference points like the freezing point of brine and the average human body temperature... it appeals only as a convenient measure for ambient atmospheric air temperature at sea level, with a general public-friendly range between -40 and perhaps 130 at the extremes. C is far better and logical, and K is of course essential, but less easily grasped by those without a background in science. PSI is also a bit awkward, I just tend to use the 14.5:1 bar approximation for quick calcs. Bar, although not an SI unit technically, is handy as it is a multiple of the SI unit Pa, but tends to reflect better the kinds of pressures used in most applications as 1 Pa is very small. I'm not quite sure what you meant by N, since it isn't a measure of pressure, rather 1 N/m^2 is equal to 1 Pa, which is what I assume you meant. But I do agree with you, SI units on a science-related video should be standard in my opinion.

@chancedizzled Жыл бұрын

Coolest video ever exposing what Supercritical is!!

@AdorjanVas 11 ай бұрын

I don't know how many times have you heard, but this is awesome! 🤓

@JustinHallPlus 8 жыл бұрын

Could this be used to create a non-mechanical lens? I realize the applications would be limited (you can't control the temperature well enough for small applications). It seems like if the density changes with temperature, an adjustable lens with no moving parts could be formed by creating an enclosure with a gas reservoir, and a convex portion containing the liquid and then simply changing the temperature would change the density and focus of the lens. Or maybe I'm an idiot.

@AppliedScience 8 жыл бұрын

+Justin Hall Actually, liquid lenses are a real product. I'm not sure about using liquid CO2, but most liquid lenses use a combination of oil and water and a technique called electrowetting. I have a couple videos on the topic, just search for liquid lens.

@JustinHallPlus 8 жыл бұрын

Thanks, that was enlightening!

@amirecospb 8 жыл бұрын

+Applied Science can you give for us the plan of construction for this chamber please?

@21Wakeup 8 жыл бұрын

actually I was thinking along the same lines. like using a phase change like that with a laser passed through and measure the wavelength change as the phases change.

@tellurium3754 7 жыл бұрын

I can make a 3d model + DWGs within one week for 10$.

@STONEDay 5 жыл бұрын

Green coffee beans. That's not what we use CO2 extraction for in Canada. lol

@BruceNitroxpro 5 жыл бұрын

STONEDay, OMG, you really SAID that? ROFLMAO

@STONEDay 5 жыл бұрын

@@BruceNitroxpro Truth. Check out this video I shot of a commercial scale C02 extraction plant for cannabis [only]. kzfaq.info/get/bejne/pbGbiJWA09elfmQ.html

@AppliedScience 11 жыл бұрын

Good points. In this case, the supercritical CO2 made life especially bad for the buna-n, but the gland could have been better to begin with.

@anatolesokol 6 жыл бұрын

1. Use turning to cut the o-ring groove. 4:50 2. "No valve on that chamber" - there was one. the gauge on top. you could close the chamber before installing the gauge. 3. "installed that in a corner" - at 6:43 we can see that you could do that danger test outside instead...

@dany1398ify 8 жыл бұрын

Is the liquid still there even though we can see it?.. and if so .. would i. "feel" it if i Shake this thing ( like when you feel that there is water inside a bottle when you shake it)

@kreynolds1123 5 жыл бұрын

In its super critical state CO2 takes on the properties of both a gas and liquid. Will it slosh like a bottle of water. Not really. A rough analog might be like shaking a bottle of soapy water. Slosh a little at first, then all the water is suds and doesnt feel the same. 3:07 the phase are completly blended together leaving no density variation to feel any sloshing.

@onetrickhorse 5 жыл бұрын

@@kreynolds1123 A nice analogy, I may steal it for future explanations!

@kreynolds1123 5 жыл бұрын

@@onetrickhorse its a pleasure to know i contributed in a way that is appreciated.

@gnome_farmer 10 жыл бұрын

thc extraction

@vincentandrew4717 8 жыл бұрын

Yo, you have a truly amazing and unique channel, and for what it's worth, I'd like you to know that at least one person really appreciates these. Rock on.

@arturfilc9726 6 жыл бұрын

Carbon dioxide supercritical state parameters are 87.98 °F (31.1 °C) and 1071 psi (7.39 MPa). At 700 psi liquid gas when heated from liquid state turns into gas state.

@henningerhenningstone691 7 жыл бұрын

Anyone else here from Cody's video on Supercritical CO2 in a Glass Tube? :D

@aeiouy2887 7 жыл бұрын

no but i

@MrHeuvaladao 6 жыл бұрын

No. I came from Periodic Table of Videos channel.

@tomlockley 6 жыл бұрын

nope, never watched, i watch legit science

@jort93z 6 жыл бұрын

Cody is pretty "legit" lol. What is "non-legit" science anyway?

@jort93z 6 жыл бұрын

Lol, fair enough. I dont think cody is a scientologist though XD.

@geodeaholicm4889 8 жыл бұрын

have you considered repeating this adding a quantity of water & algae to it to see if the algae wood survive & metabolize the carbon dioxide into a significant amount of oxygen ?

@akkupackage 6 жыл бұрын

plants need oxygen too...

@the-_-2145 6 жыл бұрын

Akkupack thatis true but there still is some oxigen in the chamber to start with, you fill the chamber with water dryice and the remaining space is filled with air. After the alges start growing they will produce more oxigen then they consume with simple fotosynthetis: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6 O2

@kreynolds1123 5 жыл бұрын

My guess is the CO2 would act as a solvent that would kill algae.

@onetrickhorse 5 жыл бұрын

@@kreynolds1123 100% correct. The CO2 would dry the algae out within seconds, killing it rapidly.

@dubcOG610 9 жыл бұрын

I'm sure the creator of this video already knows about the tetrahydrocarbon extraction use for this. This is a wonderful and informative video. You could be a millionaire this year if you knew how to create supercritical CO2

@robertcoulson483 Жыл бұрын

This looks like Magic! Excellent.

@AKU-zn3bl 8 жыл бұрын

sir can you do these experiment with liquid nitrogen

@snozzmcberry2366 3 жыл бұрын

It would probably freeze the o-ring & render it too brittle to hold the seal. It would just shatter and release the pressure.

@dog5333 9 жыл бұрын

Молодец! Нам нравятся твои видео! Продолжай в том же духе, дорогой друг 8))

@sudarshansharma7561 3 жыл бұрын

Appreciate the explanation technique. Just SUPERB.

@yellowmetalcyborg 13 жыл бұрын

Aside from extracting caffeine, you could extract essential oils from flowers with a supercritical CO2 chamber to make perfumes.

@tellurium3754 7 жыл бұрын

How are you going to open it?

@mrbenjiboy9527 7 жыл бұрын

unscrew it

@dan8t669 5 жыл бұрын

good luck what that

@theopatimano3 5 жыл бұрын

cool it down in dry ice so the pressure gets down. then open the screws

@dan8t669 5 жыл бұрын

it‘ll most likely crack and blow up

@ybaggi 9 жыл бұрын

sorry for the noobs question.but isn't the whole (heated) thing just all gaseous? How do you figuret it's supercritical? thanks

@chbrules 9 жыл бұрын

Pressure. That's why he has the pressure gauge on top. We know by temperature and pressure what phase things will be at. Many common substances, especially CO2, are well documented.

@DaffyDaffyDaffy33322 9 жыл бұрын

Yves Baggi The gas and the liquid are at the same (or very close to the same) density. Just as a helium balloon floats in air, the liquid floats in the gas and they mix and become essentially the same thing.

@Nick_Tag 6 жыл бұрын

That's not the right answer, because anything that you can read in a book should be measurable directly through an experiment (It is 35-36 Degrees C for CO2 I Believe). This is the answer: If you look at a P-T phase diagram the Critical point is basically where there is no distinction between Gas and Liquid, it is both. As in the structure of the arranged molecules are the same. To show that it is the critical point you can perform tiny changes in the environment around the point to reduce your uncertainty and show that it is the Critical Point i.e. T+ΔT, P=Const, then P + ΔP, T+ΔT, then P-ΔP, T = Const, then finally P=Const, T-ΔT. Keep doing that with smaller and smaller ΔT, ΔP and while ensuring the Mass / Volume are still const, to narrow down the exact the Super Critical point.

@AppliedScience 11 жыл бұрын

Sounds interesting! Reminds me of the The Abyss.

@purplemutantas 12 жыл бұрын

Super critical CO2 is also used for making extracts of kava kava. The kava paste sold by iamshaman is made this way. I am sure you could do other plant extracts as well.

@realcygnus 9 жыл бұрын

this is cool as all hell ! ....btw... from the simple way you filled it...theres prob just as much N & O2 in there as CO2 ....which surly effects the critical Lambda point/phase transition temps & pressures....& 2 valves would be ideal.....also I wonder how energetic the explosion would be if it failed ?

@dougguest6454 9 жыл бұрын

realcygnusHe spent a fair bit of time showing the deformation of the O-rings from escaping CO2 as he was torquing the bolts. That amount of CO2 should have been enough to purge any atmosphere out of the space.

@davidmorris6439 6 жыл бұрын

Couldn't you have installed the gauge after torquing the bolts to prevent the o-ring from deforming?

@Macmillium 11 жыл бұрын

Like your meter, BK test bench 390, have one that unfortunately does not works anymore due to what I believe is a voltage regulator that went bad but can not find a replacement part. You are a great teacher, thanks for the video.

@davidforster8654 5 жыл бұрын

Excellent demonstration, thanks.

@RonJohn63 9 жыл бұрын

Your electricity bill must be outrageous...

@StingrayOfficial 8 жыл бұрын

This thing looks so dangerous!

@rustblade5021 8 жыл бұрын

+Stingray my buddies tried to make a supercritical co2 extractor for plant oils... it exploded and blew a hole though a cinderblock wall

@StingrayOfficial 8 жыл бұрын

+rust blade Haha wow. Also, plant oils huh? Sounds fun!

@jonathanreynolds7886 5 жыл бұрын

Danger is 10% material, 90% moron.

@onetrickhorse 5 жыл бұрын

@@rustblade5021 Pressure vessels in general can be so dangerous, but with supercritical fluids the danger is magnified because of the way it reacts to most types of seals and soft components. If your buddies try it in future, my advice is to use already tested and rated pressure vessels (such as industrial pressure cookers, they can be easily sourced cheaply), get the pipework welded where possible using pipes rated to a safety factor of 2 for the pressure they're aiming for), and if they must use seals, make sure they're made of Nylon or similar polymer material with a decent thickness flange on the connections. I've helped design a supercritical CO2 research rig, and the flanges we used were nearly two inches thick. I would also make sure they test it first using air so they know it's capable, air isn't quite so bad if the thing decides it's had enough. During testing, we deliberately attempted to cross the critical point using an expansion valve (it was a closed loop waste heat recovery system, a bit like a Brayton cycle), and I can't go into details, but lets just say some very scary things happened when crossing the critical point. I can see why most engineers tend to avoid it at all costs!

@onetrickhorse 5 жыл бұрын

@@jonathanreynolds7886 Absolutely spot on!

@SkyChaserCom 4 жыл бұрын

Awesome stuff. I think Nilered has this device now. Cool he (Ben) gave it to him. I am very happy to see KZfaqrs helping each other out for science!

@puzzlepuzzlepuzzle760 4 жыл бұрын

Came here from Nile. U got a new sub!

@TheKevinGames 4 жыл бұрын

Who came here from Nile give a like xD

@scowell 8 жыл бұрын

Hash oil!

@anthonylepore2088 8 жыл бұрын

+scowell underrated comment.

@mikafoxx2717 23 күн бұрын

I know this is an old video, but as CO2 is used as a refridgerant i just want to mention that no matter how much is in the system, it'll be the same pressure at the same temperature due to the vapor pressure phase change balance.

@joshuapatrick682 2 жыл бұрын

It can also be used for heating pipes..he says as he wraps it around a very thin section of pipe…

@bormisha 5 жыл бұрын

I saw this phenomenon on a physics lecture during my studies

@bengr71 10 жыл бұрын

To preserve the integrity of the o-ring, you could try pre-cooling the aluminum ring in dry ice prior to attempting assembly. Leaving the pressure gauge loose and tightening it last could also work.

@shodanxx 10 жыл бұрын

But then won't the o-ring shrink and also become rigid so that it won't comply to the mating surfaces properly ? ala challenger disaster !

@A1Skeptic 10 жыл бұрын

shodanxx But in this case the O-ring isn't being compromised by a large volume of high pressure burning fuel.

@shodanxx 10 жыл бұрын

A1Skeptic You mean the flow of matter past in contact with the o-ring would abrade it but not the very high pressures in this container ?

@A1Skeptic 10 жыл бұрын

The Challenger disaster involved a solid fuel rocket booster O-ring failure leading to a burn through that torched the main tank while traveling several miles per second in a near vacuum. What part of that scenario matches the conditions of this experiment beyond them both having O-rings?

@chiraldude 6 жыл бұрын

You can buy CO2 in gas bottles with a head gas added (usually Helium). The bottle is filled about half way with CO2 then the head gas is added to raise the pressure well over 1200 psi. That way you can add CO2 as a liquid and fill the chamber completely with liquid. Of course you would need to buy hoses, valves, and fittings to hook it all together but having a super critical extractor setup could be useful.

@nope-tr8ei 9 жыл бұрын

Absolutely love applied science my kid is only 5 and we watch this. It very advance but he thinks is "cool". I am getting him interested in the possibilities of the world . Thanks for all your work

@jayb8056 6 жыл бұрын

Water vs Dry Ice: its because water has a much larger heat capacity and can therefore absorb a greater amount of energy per unit of mass of water vs co2. Loved the video by the way!

@lorez201 11 жыл бұрын

I noticed that, too. It looks even less viscous than water. Probably because carbon dioxide molecules are non-polar and don't form hydrogen bonds between one another, or any other type of intermolecular bonds, for that matter.

@AflacMan13 5 жыл бұрын

Apparently super critical CO2 at high enough temperatures is used for completely dissolving plant matter so as to be able to distill said plant matter and then filter it and get essential oils. This is also apparently THE best method for getting out THE most oils from said plant matter. :-)

@VIKINGOCATIRE 3 жыл бұрын

Dude you're badass smart. Love these type of videos

@mrfnk 11 жыл бұрын

Use a big c-clamp when you start to tighten the bolts to keep the o-ring from deforming.

@abmbarry 6 жыл бұрын

Excellent experiment! ... Possible solution to the rapid pressure increase during closure is mount the chamber into an arbor press with a corresponding plate fitted to it. Rack the press down quickly to limit the "O" ring creep? I expect that you would have thought of many similar solutions? ...... I like this type of work, ..... always interesting. .....

@jasonmann42 10 жыл бұрын

Someone may have already mentioned this, but you define the critical point as a pressure dependent property. This is a commonly mistaken concept. The critical point is dependent upon temperature only. Above 31.1 °C, no matter how much compression you apply, liquid CO2 will not form, you simply form dense phase CO2. The critical pressure you quote corresponds to the pressure at the maximum of the two phase dome within the P-H diagram (Mollier diagram) and is only significant if you compress adiabatically at temperatures below the critical pressure. Great video nonetheless. Might want to change those O-rings to Kalrez though.

@wannabecarguy 5 жыл бұрын

I wish I would have thought of making one of those. It does look dangerous. But a cool trophy.

@lbaungartner 7 жыл бұрын

I wonder where did you learn all these things you do. You and Cody have so much science knowledge that makes me think that a graduation in chemestry won't even get me close to what you guys know.

@MisterFizz 10 жыл бұрын

Nice, Ben. Thanks for posting. You might follow up with another video showing how the o-rings swell up like donuts after becoming "carbonated" over the course of 24-hrs under very high pressure. I know those on paintball tanks (especially the BUNA variety) become totally saturated with CO₂ in that amount of time. The o-rings are extremely fragile in their bloated state. Consumers generally don't know that CO₂ will migrate straight through an unopened Coca Cola PET soda bottle wall - sitting right there on the supermarket shelf at much lower pressures. Touch base with me and let me know how I might persuade you to slap another one of your gizmos together. Being able to see inside the pressure vessel - that's the ticket.

@finalio 12 жыл бұрын

For EOR purposes we use CO2 at super-critical conditions and we get around 5-15% incremental oil recovery

@LittleRainGames 7 жыл бұрын

Drill that with a highspeed that would look crazy!

@DmitryKiktenko 3 жыл бұрын

You can screw out pressure gauge to make it leak pressure while your ohring is crushing. Then you can screw gauge to stop leaking. Very nice work anyway! It looks so nice and simple, i want to make the same one! ) Thanks for this video!

@legion2k988 9 жыл бұрын

very interesting part of co2 .. at warm temperatures it will turn to gas (regardless of pressure).. meaning no matter what the pressure needed it will turn to gas when warm.