Why Was the Great Dying So Bad?

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Ben G Thomas

Ben G Thomas

Жыл бұрын

The ending of the Permian Period marks the worst mass extinction event in the history of life - the Great Dying. But what made this extinction so severe?
My coursework: drive.google.com/file/d/1W8H5...
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Sources:
www.nature.com/articles/s4301...
www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/...
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/s...
www.nature.com/articles/s4301...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
www.google.co.uk/books/editio...

Пікірлер: 569
@proto-geek248
@proto-geek248 Жыл бұрын
I think the reason The Great Dying was so bad had a lot to do with all the dying.
@cymraegpunk1420
@cymraegpunk1420 Жыл бұрын
Wouldn't have been so bad without it for sure.
@box2365
@box2365 Жыл бұрын
💀
@rinkibiswas3364
@rinkibiswas3364 Жыл бұрын
I think the animals died in the great dying 🤔
@davidgantenbein9362
@davidgantenbein9362 Жыл бұрын
It would just have been „The Great“ without all the dying, sounds more like a good time, so I think your theory holds ground.
@urekmazino6800
@urekmazino6800 Жыл бұрын
Genius turn it into the professor now lol
@hsdinoman2267
@hsdinoman2267 Жыл бұрын
We have since built museums to celebrate the past, and spend decades studying prehistoric lives. And if all this has taught us anything, it is this: no species lasts forever. -Kenneth Branagh
@Alltime2050
@Alltime2050 Жыл бұрын
Unfortunately, too many of certain type of person uses that sentiment as an excuse to continue creating our own mass extinction event. They same to think it's normal.
@realdaggerman105
@realdaggerman105 Жыл бұрын
No species has ever been as narcissistic as us either, WE WILL LIVE FOREVER
@hsdinoman2267
@hsdinoman2267 Жыл бұрын
@@realdaggerman105 dont think so, our narcissism will be our down fall
@rynemcgriffin1752
@rynemcgriffin1752 Жыл бұрын
@@hsdinoman2267Well no because no other species is as amazing as us, hence we’re gonna live forever
@hsdinoman2267
@hsdinoman2267 Жыл бұрын
@@rynemcgriffin1752 somebody seems to be high off their own gases
@Chompchompyerded
@Chompchompyerded Жыл бұрын
Thanks for making your paper available for us. I wish I could give it an honest grade, but I was a professor of music, not palaeontology, so I'll just satisfy myself with learning from it. Thanks also for making such a wonderful channel for us all to learn from and enjoy.
@jeffthompson9622
@jeffthompson9622 Жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing this content. It includes more detail about the Siberian Traps activity and timing of its consequences than I had previously encountered.
@katkath4996
@katkath4996 Жыл бұрын
Thorough, clearly written and well researched. I give it an A .
@gunsol900
@gunsol900 Жыл бұрын
WHO THE FUCK IS YOU?!
@arkinyte13
@arkinyte13 Жыл бұрын
“Because it was so ugly, everyone died!!” ~Patrick Star
@GoodForYou4504
@GoodForYou4504 Жыл бұрын
Somehow, I am thinking your coursework for degree is going to be an A, if it is even half as good as your channel content, well disserved. Very well done to give prospective to the history of life VS. modern times. Good luck in your studies, but you will go far no matter what you pursue. 👍
@GojiGuru
@GojiGuru Жыл бұрын
Another excellent video, Ben. I especially like that typically, you guys share new insights or research with a measure of modesty. What I mean to say is, too often paleo-themed YT channels, blogs, tweets, etc., will jump onto every new bit of research or hypothesis or theory and excitedly proclaim it as a new “truth” of discovery. Of course, such information may eventually come to be accepted to an assumed truth given the evidence, but science doesn’t deal with absolutes-it deals with falsification and probabilities. So, even though it might seem like a very insignificant detail, just using small words like “might,” “maybe”, “possibly”, “perhaps”, “could have”, etc., when speaking of the possible conclusions such evidence or research or hypothesis might lead to, helps to remind the viewer that not ever detail about every subject is always known for absolute certainty. (Hence the reason for continuous research!) That is simply the very nature of the historical sciences, and I much appreciate that you all generally are good about doing this. It’s important for the scientific process to be as transparent as possible for the general public, which helps to clear up a lot of misunderstandings as well as to explain exactly why and how we draw the many conclusions that we do. So, good job, lads! -A Paleontologist
@patreekotime4578
@patreekotime4578 Жыл бұрын
Yeah, there are WAYY too many "science" channels out there that are run by people who are scientifically illiterate. (And I include most science journalists in that desciption). But you dont have to have trained in the sciences to be scientifically literate... you just have to be able to review a paper and analyze the methodology. Is there a large enough sample size?if there is experimental data, how were the experiments constructed? was there a proper control? do the claims of the authors actually match the data they collected? how weak or strong is the hypothesis? are the results within the margin for error and therefore too weak to support the conclusion? Etc. And of course, like you said, the realization that science is a constantly unfolding revellation, not a dogmatic Truth... as well as the realization that nothing in science is taken as fact until the results have been independantly verified or reproduced. One paper doesnt change everything by itself.
@GojiGuru
@GojiGuru Жыл бұрын
@@patreekotime4578 yes, exactly. But these facts are either a) not known/understood by most people, even those interested in science, or b) such persons are too lazy/lacking the training in critical thinking to scrutinize the data. Just because something appears in a scientific paper doesn’t mean there is no misinformation in it or that the authors didn’t make any mistakes. That’s why science is a communal effort. No one person can know everything or change everything. Even so, many science enthusiasts (especially it seems those lovers of paleontology), sometimes act more like the “fans” of a movie/book/TV franchise, treating each new piece of data like a “leak” from the studio and speculating about the next film or season. The enthusiasm is appreciated, but we must approach science and fiction differently. How many YT videos are out there that called “What X dinosaur really sounded like” or “Allosaurus’ Sounds Reconstructed” or “new discovers turns the field on its head!” Besides the fact that no one can reconstruct the sound of an Allosaurus or that very rarely does a single discovery “rewrite history”, such videos give the false impression that we have everything figured out, that nothing is forever unknowable, or that science is a straightforward venture. Any reasonably modest person who has ever gone through proper scientific trainer or even just been very well read will tell you: the more you learn, the more you realize how little we actually know, how much more there must be to know, and that most everything-past, present, and future-will forever be unknowable. In other words, humility is essential for doing good science, and that goes for those reporting on the sciences as well.
@Tungdil_01
@Tungdil_01 Жыл бұрын
The Permian extinction was sad of course. But if it never happened, the world would never see the more special organisms in the world's history: the dinosaurs.
@vernonfridy8416
@vernonfridy8416 Жыл бұрын
Not to mention, “mammals” would probably look pretty different.
@MrCrunch808
@MrCrunch808 Жыл бұрын
@@vernonfridy8416 Probably alot more synapsid groups would continue to exist to this day.
@vermillion8249
@vermillion8249 Жыл бұрын
@@MrCrunch808 If the K-Pg extinction still happens the Cenozoic would possibly be the age of reptiles.
@UnwantedGhost1
@UnwantedGhost1 Жыл бұрын
And humans who are literally the only species to remember what came long before us.
@davidgantenbein9362
@davidgantenbein9362 Жыл бұрын
@@UnwantedGhost1 It’s less „remembering“ and more investigating or figuring out.
@loganskiwyse7823
@loganskiwyse7823 Жыл бұрын
First time I have seen the information about the underlaying geological landscape prior to the formation of the traps. In a lot of ways this sounds like what would have become a major coal deposit explaining just how much carbon could have actually been released beyond just the volcanic events.
@davidboyle1902
@davidboyle1902 Жыл бұрын
Maybe because I’m saddened by the loss of so many animals throughout earth history, I find these presentations particularly interesting. The Great Dying is an event that deserves your level of focus. An excellent presentation.
@alioramus1637
@alioramus1637 Жыл бұрын
Great job! Would have been nice if you included the capitanian extinction at the end of the middle permian. A lesser known extinction event during the permian.
@SqwarkParrotSpittingFeathers
@SqwarkParrotSpittingFeathers Жыл бұрын
Enjoyed that, entertaining and informative. An excellent combination.
@billbridge7458
@billbridge7458 Жыл бұрын
Excellent episode!
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302 Жыл бұрын
Thank for covering the PETM, I've been hanging out for some good coverage to come along. And you guys did it. Cheers
@patora13
@patora13 Жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing. I really like your understandable explanations.
@petrairene
@petrairene Жыл бұрын
Great detail info about this highly interesting period in earth history! Thanks!
@a.e.jabbour5003
@a.e.jabbour5003 Жыл бұрын
Thanks a lot for this. It was definitely informative and fascinating. Excellent!
@Dr.Cosmar
@Dr.Cosmar Жыл бұрын
Well, they don't call it, "the great awesome period", do they? Last I checked, dying sucks.
@biomuseum6645
@biomuseum6645 Жыл бұрын
Death is actually kind of neutral, sometimes bad sometimes good
@nikobellic570
@nikobellic570 Жыл бұрын
I think we're living through the great awesome period right now. Or great ok period
@Martin-yh7vi
@Martin-yh7vi Жыл бұрын
​@@nikobellic570 Great for some of us but bad for other creatures. 😅
@hollyodii5969
@hollyodii5969 Жыл бұрын
This was an excellent video on a cool subject! And I can’t wait to see more about South Africa!
@rogerpartner2648
@rogerpartner2648 6 ай бұрын
Always enjoyed your channel. Great work.
@dukecity7688
@dukecity7688 Жыл бұрын
This is the best, most comprehensive explanation of the Great Dying I've ever heard. I usually have to watch at least twice to absorb everything. I'm slow. You are my favorite KZfaq site.
@opposumness3107
@opposumness3107 Жыл бұрын
This is so cool! To be able to get hands on your newly published work is such a treat. I really dig* your channel, and even though I'm not in this field, I appreciate the love and care you have for science. Cheers from a musically educated paleontology enthusiast.
@opposumness3107
@opposumness3107 Жыл бұрын
*that's right, you know exactly what I meant by that.
@sassa82
@sassa82 Жыл бұрын
Great video! Short and consice.
@eyemallears2647
@eyemallears2647 Жыл бұрын
You guys are awesome Restoring my faith in the youth!
@Shujao
@Shujao Жыл бұрын
First video of yours I'm seeing and I absolutely enjoyed it. Your voice is great for this and your articulation is superb. I look forward to watching more!
@dennis_mihaylov
@dennis_mihaylov 7 ай бұрын
I´ve definetely learned something new! It is a great video! Thank you so much.
@liamd9497
@liamd9497 Жыл бұрын
Excellent video
@aldenconsolver3428
@aldenconsolver3428 Жыл бұрын
Good Job there, I can see your work in Africa doing you good. Now as an old-time geologist/planetary scientist, I do reserve the right to softly laugh at two digits after the years (251.48). Still, heck you guys might be getting close on that (its been close to 50 years since I did any straight-up geology, looks like you have been carrying on excellently). I would love to see you make a Siberian Traps series, I think that it has a lot to say. Once more, good job. Oh I was one of the contributors to your African studies, I think it was clearly money well spent.
@matthewmorgan9269
@matthewmorgan9269 Жыл бұрын
Nice work !
@davidgrech4574
@davidgrech4574 Жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing your knowledge and your enthusiasm and I hope you know how much I appreciate your videos 👍🌎
@emilye.8779
@emilye.8779 Жыл бұрын
What an incredible article. I’m doing my master’s currently right now, this paper totally looks like one I would cite in my own writing hahaha. Very well done
@MrVeryfrost
@MrVeryfrost 8 ай бұрын
Awesome video
@bbbenj
@bbbenj Жыл бұрын
Very very interesting, bravo 👏
@liam90210
@liam90210 Жыл бұрын
Thank you ❤
@whocares2214
@whocares2214 Жыл бұрын
You have a good voice. Subbed....I fall asleep to these types of videos
@bjh7924
@bjh7924 Жыл бұрын
Really interesting video & best of luck with your degree - I'm sure you'll do great 👍🎓
@greensteve9307
@greensteve9307 Жыл бұрын
Linking your paper is a nice touch.
@harronator-2670
@harronator-2670 Жыл бұрын
Because everyone died
@biomuseum6645
@biomuseum6645 Жыл бұрын
You stole me the joke xD
@rursus8354
@rursus8354 Жыл бұрын
Correction: because *_almost_* everyone died
@wayne5553
@wayne5553 Жыл бұрын
and why are you here then
@Piperdogloveshats
@Piperdogloveshats 8 ай бұрын
Great break down
@NawDawgTheRazor
@NawDawgTheRazor Жыл бұрын
Fascinating!
@The_PokeSaurus
@The_PokeSaurus Жыл бұрын
OH God! History is repeating!
@JohnPaul-yf9xd
@JohnPaul-yf9xd Жыл бұрын
Great work. Aim High
@babyboomercritic1119
@babyboomercritic1119 Жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@Turnil321
@Turnil321 Жыл бұрын
Great Dying: only mass extinction to really impact insects. Humans: hold my beer.
@_TheCollective
@_TheCollective Жыл бұрын
Life had experienced mass exctions before but those exctions were largely unicellular. This was just the first time that larger animals were put through the grinder. Everything after couldn't be as severe cos by definition they were the survivors of that great dying
@thereisnonebesideshim
@thereisnonebesideshim Жыл бұрын
Love your channel and the great clarity and style of your presentation 😁 Where exactly in South Africa did you visit that boundary layer? I live in SA and need to plan a trip there! Looking forward to watching the SA series of videos 😊
@LDrosophila
@LDrosophila Жыл бұрын
Wow the loss of insects is scary as that is occuring today
@Magmafrost13
@Magmafrost13 Жыл бұрын
This is a little thing but it always bugs me, the Great Dying was the worst _Phanerozoic_ mass extinction. We dont really know what mass extinctions occurred in previous eons, or how bad they were (we can obviously infer a pretty bad one with the Great Oxygenation, for example), but that's like 7/8th of the history of life.
@jamesaron1967
@jamesaron1967 Жыл бұрын
The P-T event is undoubtedly the largest extinction since the evolution of multicellular life. That's what most people envision when mass extinctions are compared in severity. The Great Oxidation Event caused a massive extinction although few people excluding scientists know about it.
@nyft3352
@nyft3352 Жыл бұрын
I rememeber telling my best friend about this event that he had no clue about, I barely showed him the wikipedia article and as he went through the various environmental changes, one by one his face turned from "whats this all about?" to outright "HOLY FUCK!", needless to say I couldn't stop laughing at that expression.
@anngo4140
@anngo4140 Жыл бұрын
Ben looks like he comes straight out of a Nolan movie. Which is cool!
@Indy44636
@Indy44636 Ай бұрын
The great dying is a cautinary tale . Of how mass eruptions can occurr and theres sometimes no warning
@437cosimo
@437cosimo Жыл бұрын
Very interesting.
@Bonjevalien
@Bonjevalien Жыл бұрын
Really enjoy hearing a truly interesting segment by namesake Ben G. Thomas and less of the stupidity of 7DOS
@fabianbuenrostro7425
@fabianbuenrostro7425 Жыл бұрын
This man’s jawline can cut diamonds
@johndole9810
@johndole9810 Жыл бұрын
You should do a video on oceanic acidification.
@sheila3348
@sheila3348 Жыл бұрын
Man. That’s a tough time.
@Fomites
@Fomites Жыл бұрын
Great video with the implications for current possibilities for extinction due to human activity. Thank you.
@imperialguardproductions
@imperialguardproductions Жыл бұрын
I first learned about the Great Dying from the Walking With Monsters documentary.
@strangevision99
@strangevision99 Жыл бұрын
Took me a minute to work out what the title meant. Good video anyway.
@klunni6834
@klunni6834 Жыл бұрын
The question answers itself
@thesjkexperience
@thesjkexperience 5 ай бұрын
Thanks, I studied this 30 years ago and there was so little known about any of this and it was also fashionable to have asteroids do all the mass extinctions as well lol.
@kaltneta6704
@kaltneta6704 Жыл бұрын
Knowing how much died back then is haunting.
@dangerousdays2052
@dangerousdays2052 Жыл бұрын
We're currently in the greatest mass extinction in history.
@UnwantedGhost1
@UnwantedGhost1 Жыл бұрын
You should make a video on the sixth mass extinction event that's still ongoing today.
@stuffystuffsityas6302
@stuffystuffsityas6302 Жыл бұрын
You’re actually so cute Ben best of luck with your further studies and career ❤
@Digmen1
@Digmen1 Жыл бұрын
I used to like Paleontolgy many years ago when I was young. But it all got too complicated for me Good video
@akaroth7542
@akaroth7542 Жыл бұрын
Wouldn't say that: just doesn't get explained step-by-step well. Hard to dig into a topic when you're focused on work/survival. Don't assume you're unable to learn it, just a matter of time needed.
@thomasperri5316
@thomasperri5316 Жыл бұрын
Great video, very informative.
@TragoudistrosMPH
@TragoudistrosMPH Жыл бұрын
Haha when you work hard on an assignment and realize only 1 other person will see it... It's good to have an appreciative audience!
@friedrichjunzt
@friedrichjunzt Жыл бұрын
Next: "is unbearable, excruciating pain really that painful?"
@sekritengineeringprojekt2101
@sekritengineeringprojekt2101 Жыл бұрын
This is so insanely important. I get a feeling that the cosmic web shockwaves and gravitational waves are the culprits and also the position of the solar system inside the galaxy may have placed the earth in a higher energy space which caused the increases in temperature that lead to this since earth and the solar system move sinusoidally through the galaxy. I can't prove any of what I wrote here, but we'll see if it's true when the e-lisa gravitational array goes up.
@Vicus_of_Utrecht
@Vicus_of_Utrecht Жыл бұрын
Nikilov & Zeller 2017 already explained how planetary climate works.
@a5cent
@a5cent Жыл бұрын
Mind sharing some of whatever you're smoking? 😅
@Decodedvirus
@Decodedvirus Жыл бұрын
Ye the blue meth really hits hard
@akaroth7542
@akaroth7542 Жыл бұрын
Oof
@akaroth7542
@akaroth7542 Жыл бұрын
It would be mind-shattering to see the extinction. I don't think I'd be able to handle the visuals of it. The skies would be terrifying
@thinking_toomuch
@thinking_toomuch Жыл бұрын
the grade I would give you is G, for a great job😁
@Infernoraptor
@Infernoraptor Жыл бұрын
Can someone explain the part about only 2 mass extinctions effected plants and only 1 severely impacted insects? Is this the consensus view, or is this the only a "based on the limited fossil record"? Or were there actually a bunch of large insects familys that died out during the PT extinction?
@jessehunter362
@jessehunter362 Жыл бұрын
9 or 10 orders went entirely extinct, 10 were greatly reduced in diversity, we’ve seen no other loss in insect diversity near that scale.
@peterolbrisch8970
@peterolbrisch8970 Жыл бұрын
I'm going to take a wild guess here, because lots of things died. And dying really messed you up. It messes you up so bad that when you finish dying, you are now dead. And that's messed up.
@KKloeps
@KKloeps Жыл бұрын
Why have I been bricked up since watching this video 2 days ago
@johnnysheen9615
@johnnysheen9615 Жыл бұрын
I think that`s the first time i`ve heard mentioned. That the Ozone Layer collapsed.
@TyrannosaurusRex5027
@TyrannosaurusRex5027 Жыл бұрын
Why was the great dying so bad? I suppose if it wasn't that bad it would be the "mediocre dying" or perhaps the "average dying" instead of "the great dying"
@fede98k54
@fede98k54 Жыл бұрын
The Mild Living, perphaps?
@rileyernst9086
@rileyernst9086 Жыл бұрын
"I've stood on this boundry." Ben stood before the scene of carnage. Ash blanketed the landscape as UVR bombarded the earth through a destroyed ozone layer. Nothing stirred but the wind blowing streams of ash and cinder into the air. They were standing on aftermath of perhaps the most terrible event in the history of life on earth, it was awefilling and terrible at once. But heartening to know that no matter how bad it was now some things would persevere. Life would continue. Eye-patch Doug stepped up next to him throwing up clouds of volcanic ash with each step, skin greasy with sweat and sunscreen. "I love the smell of volcanic ash in the morning," Eyepatch Doug said through his respirator, he stopped for a moment considering the scene with satisfaction, "it smells like victory."
@conspiracytherapist1869
@conspiracytherapist1869 Жыл бұрын
Let’s see some receipts pal!
@roachdoggjr1940
@roachdoggjr1940 Жыл бұрын
Without watching any of this, I gotta say that this video has a magnificent title. Like, "huh... The Great Dying? Bad? No way!"
@prototropo
@prototropo Жыл бұрын
Great video. Proxies are important tools in medical diagnoses and epidemiology, as well.
@iplayeddsharpminor
@iplayeddsharpminor Жыл бұрын
1:57 - “No doubt this was a terrible time to be alive”. 2020s: hold my beer
@biomuseum6645
@biomuseum6645 Жыл бұрын
Guys, I think Ben referred to “how” not that much “why” the great dying was bad
@stevenschnepp576
@stevenschnepp576 Жыл бұрын
Did you miss the part about the geology involved?
@pukulu
@pukulu Жыл бұрын
I suppose that the sheer size of the Siberian trappes contributed to the Permian-Triassic extinction. The igneous province was gigantic, considerably larger than the Deccan trappes, which was also quite large. The size of the trappes is probably proportional to the length of time of the volcanic activity, or at least that is a worthwhile conjecture.
@gushutchinson8758
@gushutchinson8758 Жыл бұрын
I was taught the oxygen die off was the biggest extinction in terms of biomass and percentage of, "species" lost... Mainly single celled so boring?
@osmosisjones4912
@osmosisjones4912 Жыл бұрын
Was it slower or maybe temperature shift so fast in geologic history it's hard pick out
@nicksievers1664
@nicksievers1664 Жыл бұрын
What’s up with that giant impact crater in Antarctica that was dated to 250 mya?
@vivalavivarium
@vivalavivarium Жыл бұрын
the more you know about the past the more prepared you are for the future
@legendofloki665i9
@legendofloki665i9 Жыл бұрын
Second only to the great oxigenation extinction event, though infinitely more spectacular.
@gt40f
@gt40f 2 ай бұрын
So a die off that lasted 3/4 of a million years. That's insane compared to like the Chicxulub meteor which was only like 10 years
@Momcat_maggiefelinefan
@Momcat_maggiefelinefan Жыл бұрын
Thank you very much for this video! The best clear and comprehensive explanations for this earth changing event. I always enjoy your presentations. Please, carry on explaining. 🇨🇦🖖🏻🇨🇦
@Snarethedrummer
@Snarethedrummer Жыл бұрын
1:09 The Audacity!
@ColdHawk
@ColdHawk Жыл бұрын
04:00 That is hysterical. “Evaporite” is a term my 7 year old would come up with while chattering away about a topic where he has actually memorized only half of the factual information he wants to convey that he knows.
@Deailon
@Deailon Жыл бұрын
That is what makes it a perfect name: even a child can get, what it means.
@cantran7119
@cantran7119 Жыл бұрын
Imagine the thousand of animal generations living during this apocalyptic wasteland that lasted for so long. If they were sentient do you think they would have any hope for it to end?
@sebastianbroscheyoga
@sebastianbroscheyoga Жыл бұрын
I want Hollywood videos that base the script on events like the great dying. replacing animals with humans, speeding time up by 20000x, but keeping the order and implication of the events. I'd go back to school to watch that!
@alexbowman7582
@alexbowman7582 Жыл бұрын
Was the eruption caused by a rising plume of hot magma or by a massive object from space punching a huge hole in the crust?
@daxxonjabiru428
@daxxonjabiru428 Жыл бұрын
I remember.
@myleswelnetz6700
@myleswelnetz6700 11 ай бұрын
Because the planet’s climate became unrecognizable, which killed so many creatures.
@Nrzl
@Nrzl Жыл бұрын
I guess we should be happy we only got the great depression...
@caspergarcia804
@caspergarcia804 Жыл бұрын
This title sound so funny to me
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